Index

Note to the Reader: Throughout this index boldfaced page numbers indicate primary discussions of a topic. Italicized page numbers indicate illustrations.

A

.aac extension, 220

AC (alternating current), 45, 544

AC adapters for laptops, 48–49, 48

Accelerated Graphics Port (AGP) bus, 12, 12

access

shared resources, 317–320, 318–320

web-based resources, 329

access control lists (ACLs), 210

accessibility options, 168–169, 168–169

accounts. See user accounts

ACLs (access control lists), 210

Action Center, 139

action plans in troubleshooting, 501–502

activation of software, 229–230

active worms, 394

ActiveX Filtering, 435

Activity Monitor tool, 130

ad hoc Bluetooth sharing, 312–313, 313

Add Input Language dialog, 86, 86

address bar, 157, 157

Address Resolution Protocol (ARP), 271

administrator accounts

description, 125

limiting, 422

SOHO router passwords, 285–286, 285

Adobe Reader, 194, 196

ads, suspicious, 444–447, 446–447

ADSL (asymmetric DSL), 254

Advanced Attributes dialog box, 415, 524, 524

Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) security algorithm, 289

Advanced Privacy Settings dialog box, 437

Advanced Sharing window, 317–318, 319

Advanced Technology Extended (ATX) motherboards

description, 5–6

power connectors, 15, 15, 46, 47

adware

overview, 395

symptoms, 447–450, 448–449

AES (Advanced Encryption Standard) security algorithm, 289

AGP (Accelerated Graphics Port) bus, 12, 12

airflow

cooling systems, 49–50, 50

CPUs, 50–51, 51

ensuring, 565

Airplane mode for mobile devices, 363–364, 363–364

all-in-one printers, 78

Allow User To Administer This Computer option, 125

alternating current (AC), 45, 544

amps, 549

Android operating system

Airplane mode, 364, 365

connections, 350, 351

email, 356–358, 357–358

Google Play app store, 366, 366

home screen, 343–344, 344

overview, 144–146, 145

screen captures, 167

synchronization, 362, 362

anti-malware software, 205–208, 207–209

antispam software, 419

antispyware software, 419

antistatic mats, 551

antistatic wrist straps, 550

antivirus software, 417–420, 421

APIPA (Automatic Private IP Addressing), 274–275, 275

.app extension, 188

App Stores

Apple, 186–187, 187

Google, 366, 366

Apple iCloud service, 326

Apple iTunes

certificates, 441, 442

synchronization, 361–362, 362

Apple operating system, 122, 142

Airplane mode, 363, 363

home screen, 343–344, 343

load problems, 512

locking and security, 346–348, 346–348

screen captures, 167–168

versions and features, 142–144, 142

wireless connections, 349–350, 349–351

workstation, 133–136, 136

applications. See software applications

apps for mobile devices, 364–368, 365–366, 368

architecture, CPU, 21

archive bits, 524, 524

archives, 522

armored viruses, 392

ARP (Address Resolution Protocol), 271

aspect ratio in workstation screens, 479–480

assembly code, 120

associations, file, 189, 189

asymmetric DSL (ADSL), 254

ATSC video standards, 480

attrib command, 524

attributes for archive bits, 524, 524

ATX (Advanced Technology Extended) motherboards

description, 5–6

power connectors, 15, 15, 46, 47

audio

connectors, 61–63, 62

ports, 19

settings, 480

audio/video editing workstations, 471

authentication, 424

multifactor, 424–425, 425

single sign-on, 426

Autofill feature for browsers, 432–433, 432–433

Automatic Private IP Addressing (APIPA), 274–275, 275

automatic updates, 234–236, 235

AutoPlay, 411, 411

AUTORUN.INF file, 411

availability factor in network connections, 268

.avi extension, 219

B

Baby-AT boards, 6

back-panel connectors, 18, 18

backdoors, 396–397

backside bus (BSB), 7–8

backups, 491–492

exam essentials, 532

frequency and scheduling, 527

importance, 523–524

lab, 533

lessons learned, 531

locations, 526–527

online storage, 202

options, 524–525

overview, 522–523

process, 524, 524

review questions, 534–537

securing, 382

security certificates, 415–417, 416

setting up, 527–530, 528–530

summary, 531–532

types, 525–526, 525

verifying and testing, 530

bandwidth factor in network connections, 269

baselines, performance, 130

Bash shell, 131

Basic Input/Output System (BIOS)

chips, 15–17, 16–17

flashing, 17

.bat extension, 188

batteries

CMOS, 18

disposal, 569–570

laptops, 467, 557

UPSs, 548–549

Battery Directive, 570

BD (Blu-ray Disc), 39

best practices for software applications, 220

compatibility, 221–224, 222–224

drivers

overview, 232–233, 233

updates, 239–241, 240–241

installation

considerations, 220–227, 222–224, 226

process, 228–229

licensing, 224–227, 226

operating system

features, 227–228, 228

updates, 234–239, 235, 237–238

registering and activating, 229–230

uninstalling, 230–232, 230–231

updating and patching, 239

biometric devices, 425

BIOS (Basic Input/Output System)

chips, 15–17, 16–17

flashing, 17

bits and bytes conversions, 31

black screen, troubleshooting, 504–505

Blackberry operating system, 148–149, 148

blackouts, 545–546

blank monitors, troubleshooting, 504

Blu-ray Disc (BD), 39

blue screen, troubleshooting, 504–505

Blue Screen of Death (BSOD), 504

Bluejacking, 359

Bluesnarfing, 359

Bluetooth pairing, 359–361, 361

Bluetooth Special Interest Group (SIG), 306

Bluetooth technology

ad hoc sharing, 312–313, 313

configuring, 359–361, 360–361

disabling, 408, 409

overview, 265–266, 266

.bmp extension, 199

boot problems, troubleshooting, 503–504

Box service, 326

brightness of monitors, 556

brownouts, 546

browsers, 329–331, 331

Autofill feature, 432–433, 432–433

cookies, 436–439, 437–439

plugins, toolbars, and extensions, 430–432, 430–431

private browsing, 450–451, 451

redirection, 449–450

safe browsing, 439–440

security, 434–435, 434–435

version management, 427–430, 428–429

BSB (backside bus), 7–8

BSOD (Blue Screen of Death), 504

bubble-jet printers, 76

budget factor in computer selection, 468–469

build vs. buy decisions, 465–466

burners, 39

burping keyboards, 559

bus

description, 8

memory speed, 27–28

buyer's remorse, 475

bytes and bits conversions, 31

C

cable

crossover, 314

EMI, 566

fiber-optic, 256–257

hard drive, 32–33, 32–33

home network connections, 255–256

internal network connections, 262–264

reseating, 500

workstations

managing, 483–484, 484

plugging in, 475–476, 476

Cable Select (CS), 34

caches, CPU, 11, 22

CAD (Computer-Aided Design) systems, 218

Calculator for number system conversions, 23, 23

campus licenses, 225

carcinogens, 78

carpeting and electrostatic discharge, 550

Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision Detection (CSMA/CD), 262

CAs (certificate authorities), 441

cases

cooling systems, 49–50, 50

functions, 3

Category cable, 262

cathode ray tube (CRT) monitors

disposal, 569

energy consumption, 555

overview, 63–64, 64

safety, 552

CCMP (Counter Mode CBC-MAC Protocol), 289

CDMA (code division multiple access), 259

CDs (compact discs), 39

cellular networking, 259–260, 260

central processing units. See CPUs (central processing units)

certificate authorities (CAs), 441

Certificate Export Wizard, 415–416

Certificate Manager utility, 415–417

certificates

backups, 415–417, 416

Internet Explorer, 442–444, 443–444

Chandler PIM, 200, 200

chips, reseating, 500

chipsets, 6–7

Chrome browser

Autofill feature, 433, 433

cookies, 439, 439

extensions, 431, 431

options, 427–430, 429–430

pop-ups, 449, 449

private browsing, 450–451, 451

security, 435, 435

Chrome operating system

screen captures, 167

workstation, 140–142, 141

Chrome Web Store, 187

Chromebooks, 141

Chromeboxes, 141–142

clean uninstallations, 230

cleaning computers, 557–558

external surfaces, 558

inside PCs, 560–561

keyboards, 559

monitors, 558

mouse, 559–560

printers, 561–563, 562

removable media, 563–564

supplies

disposal, 571

list, 558

client-server networks, 307–309, 308

cloud

applications, 328, 328

backups on, 527

concepts, 325

Office 365, 191

storage, 326–327, 327

CMOS (complementary metal oxide semiconductor) chips, 18

code division multiple access (CDMA), 259

collaboration software, 202

document storage and sharing, 202–203

instant messaging, 204–205

online workspace, 204

screen-sharing, 204

videoconferencing, 203–204

color laser printers, 78

combining hard drives, 37–39, 38

communication methods, disabling, 408–409, 408–409

communications connectors, 105–107, 106

compact discs (CDs), 39

companion viruses, 392

compatibility mode, 221, 515–516, 516

complementary metal oxide semi-conductor (CMOS) chips, 18

component video, 66–67, 67

compressed air, 560

compression, software, 214–217, 216–217

Computer-Aided Design (CAD) systems, 218

Computer window, 155, 155

concurrent connections factor, 269

concurrent licenses, 225

connections and connectors

audio, 61–63, 62

back-panel, 18, 18

communications, 105–107, 106

delay, 257, 269

external storage, 101–105, 102–105

front-panel, 19

hard drives, 32–34, 32

Internet, 482–483, 482

keyboards, 81–82, 82

mobile devices, 348–350, 349–351

networks, 105–106, 106, 250–251

cable, 255–256

cellular, 259–260, 260

comparing, 268–269

dial-up/POTS, 252

DSL, 252–255, 253

external, 251–252

fiber-optic, 256–257

internal, 261–268, 266–267

issues, 519–521, 520–522

pricing, 261

satellite, 257–258

summary, 260–261

types, 251

power, 15, 15, 46, 47

printers, 79–80, 79–80

SOHO routers, 278–280, 279–280, 286–287, 286–287

summary, 107

video, 66–70, 67–71

consumables for printers, 562–563, 562

Control Center for iPhone, 364, 364

Control of Substances, Hazardous to Health (COSHH), 571

controllers, disk, 14, 14

converting numbering systems, 23, 23

cookies for browsers, 436–439, 437–439

cooling systems, 49

cases, 49–50, 50

CPUs, 50–52, 51

requirements, 564–565

cooperative multitasking, 123

copy backups, 525

copying files, 161

corporate licenses, 225

Cortana feature, 139

COSHH (Control of Substances, Hazardous to Health), 571

costs in computer selection, 468–469

Counter Mode CBC-MAC Protocol (CCMP), 289

CPUs (central processing units)

cooling systems, 50–52, 51

features, 20–23, 20

laptops, 467

operating system slowdown, 513–514

sockets, 8–9, 9

cracking passwords, 397–398

crashes, application, 517

Create Shortcut dialog box, 511–512

crossover cable, 314

crosstalk, 565

CRT (cathode ray tube) monitors

disposal, 569

energy consumption, 555

overview, 63–64, 64

safety, 552

cryptoviral extortion, 396

CS (Cable Select), 34

CSMA/CD (Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision Detection), 262

current, 549

customer interaction in troubleshooting, 494–496

cutting files, 161

D

DA15 game ports, 42

daily backups, 526

dangerous features, disabling, 408–411, 408–411

Data Error Reading/Writing Drive message, 513

data management, structure for, 129

Data Over Cable Service Internet Specification (DOCSIS), 255

data theft, 380–383, 382

database software, 193–194

DC (direct current), 45, 544

DDR (double data rate) SDRAM, 27–28

default denies for firewalls, 210

default gateways for IP addresses, 273

Degauss feature, 71

delay, connection, 257, 269

Delete Browsing History dialog box, 438

deleting

email accounts, 356, 356

files, 161

demilitarized zones (DMZs), 210

Department of Defense (DoD) model, 270, 271

desktop publishing software, 198–199, 198

device drivers

description, 118

hardware compatibility, 518

installing, 232–233, 233

updating, 239–241, 240–241

Device Manager, 239–241, 240–241

devices

failures, 517–521, 520–522

hardening, 407–408

disabling unused and dangerous features, 408–411, 408–411

locking system, 412

permissions and encryption, 412–417, 413–414, 416

software for, 417–420, 421

placement, 564–568

Devices And Printers window

keyboards, 84, 84

printers, 233, 233

DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol)

configuring, 273–274

wireless routers, 291, 292

diagnostic software, 16–17, 210–214, 212–213

dial-up network connections, 252

differential backups, 526

digital subscriber line (DSL), 252–255, 253

digital video discs (DVDs), 39, 39

Digital Visual Interface (DVI), 68–69, 68

DIMM (Dual Inline Memory Module)

RAM, 9–10, 10, 28–29

DIN connectors, 82

direct attached storage (DAS), 309

direct current (DC) power, 45, 544

direct links, 313–314

directories. See folders

disabling

SSID broadcasts, 289

touchpads, 89–91, 90–91

unused and dangerous features, 408–411, 408–411

Disk Cleanup tool, 153–154, 153–154, 211

Disk Defragmenter tool, 211, 213

disk striping, 38

Disk Utility, 416, 416

disks and drives

activity lights, 19

characteristics, 31–32

combining, 37–39, 38

connecting, 32–34, 32

controllers, 14, 14

disposal, 570

energy consumption, 556

examining, 35–36, 35–37

external, 97–98, 98

file systems for, 151–154, 153–154

flash, 95–96, 96

laptops, 467

network, 310–311, 310

optical, 39–40, 39, 98

overview, 30–31

partitions, 150–151

physical trauma, 567

RAID, 38–39, 38

solid-state, 34–35

display devices. See also monitors

adjustments, 71–75, 72–75

categories, 63–66, 64

laptops, 467

DisplayPort technology, 70, 70

disposal methods, 568

batteries, 569–570

cleaning supplies, 571

hard drives, 570

hazardous substances, 568, 569

monitors, 569

printer ink and toner, 570

scanners, 569

distance factor for internal network

connections, 262–263

distributions, Linux, 131

DL (dual-layer) optical drives, 40

.dmg extension, 215

DNS (Domain Name System), 273–274

.doc extension, 191

documentation in troubleshooting, 502–503

documents, storage and sharing, 202–203

.docx extension, 191

domain controllers, 307

Domain Name System (DNS), 273–274

domains, 307

dot pitch in CRT displays, 63–64

dotted-decimal notation, 272

double data rate (DDR) SDRAM, 27–28

double-sided (DS) optical drives, 40

downloads, file, 332–333, 332

Downy solution, 551

DRAM (dynamic random access memory), 24

drivers

description, 118

hardware compatibility, 518

installing, 232–233, 233

updating, 239–241, 240–241

drives. See disks and drives

Dropbox service, 326

drums, 77–78

DS (double-sided) optical drives, 40

dual-core processors, 21

Dual Inline Memory Module (DIMM)

RAM, 9–10, 10, 28–29

dual-layer (DL) optical drives, 40

dumpster diving, 383

dust accumulation, 560, 565

Dvorak keyboards, 84, 86

Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP)

configuring, 273–274

wireless routers, 291, 292

dynamic random access memory (DRAM), 24

E

Ease of Access Center, 168–169, 168

editing files, 161

EEPROM (electrically erasable PROM), 24

EHR (electronic health records) package, 218

elbows in ergonomics, 543

electrically erasable PROM (EEPROM), 24

electricity, 544

electrostatic discharge, 549–552, 550

energy-efficient personal computing, 552–557, 554, 556

international power differences, 544–545, 545

maintaining power, 545–549, 546–548

electromagnetic interference (EMI)

avoiding, 565–566

internal network connections, 263

electromagnetic pulse (EMP), 565

electronic health records (EHR) package, 218

electronic medical records (EMR) package, 218

Electronic Numerical Integrator And Computer (ENIAC), 118–119, 119

electrostatic discharge (ESD), 549–552, 550

email

address safety, 452

Android, 356–358, 357–358

hijacked, 454

iPhone, 352–356, 352–356

mobile devices, 350–358, 352–358

software, 192–193

spam, 452

suspicious, 452–454, 453–454

types, 391–394, 392–394

viruses in, 391, 391

EMI (electromagnetic interference)

avoiding, 565–566

internal network connections, 263

EMP (electromagnetic pulse), 565

EMR (electronic medical records) package, 218

Enable Parental Controls option, 125

encryption

enabling, 412–417, 413–414, 416

files, 202

wireless routers, 288–289

energy-efficient personal computing, 552

power-conserving equipment, 555–557, 556

power-management plans, 552–555, 554

Energy Star rating system, 556, 556

ENIAC (Electronic Numerical Integrator And Computer), 118–119, 119

entertainment software, 219–220

environmental and safety concepts, 539–541

cleaning computers, 557–564, 562

device placement, 564–568

disposal methods, 568–571, 569

electricity. See electricity

ergonomics, 542–544, 542

exam essentials, 572

lab, 573

power supplies, 46

review questions, 574–577

summary, 571

environments, software, 128–129

ergonomic keyboards, 82, 83

ergonomic mouse, 87, 88

ergonomics, 542–544, 542

Error-Checking feature, 211, 212

error messages from operating systems, 512–513

eSATA (external SATA) connectors, 102–104, 103–104

ESD (electrostatic discharge), 549–552, 550

Ethernet standard, 262

Excel application, 191–192, 192

.exe extension, 188–189

executables, 188–189

exhaust fans

airflow, 565

cooling systems, 49–50

expansion slots, 11

AGP, 12, 12

PCI, 11, 12

PCIe, 13–14, 13

exploits, 388–389

Extended File System (XFS), 152

extensions

browsers, 430–432, 430–431

files, 188–189, 189

external connections for mobile devices, 348–350, 349–351

external network connections, 251–252

external resources for troubleshooting, 498

external SATA (eSATA) connectors, 102–104, 103–104

external storage devices, 95

communications connectors, 105–107, 106

connectors, 101–105, 102–104

flash drives, 95–96, 96

hard drives, 97–98, 98

memory cards, 96–97, 96–97

mobile media players, 100

network attached storage, 99–100, 99

optical drives, 98

smartphones, 100–101

external surfaces, cleaning, 558

F

facial recognition, 425

fans

airflow, 565

cleaning, 560–561

cooling systems, 49–51, 50

features

operating system, 227–228, 228

unused and dangerous, 408–411, 408–411

feet in ergonomics, 543

fiber-optic cable, 256–257, 262–264

Fiber-to-the-Home (FTTH) service, 256

field-replaceable components (FRUs), 2

File Allocation Table (FAT), 151

file systems, 150–152

File Transfer Protocol (FTP), 271, 332

File Transfer Protocol Secure (FTPS), 333

files

compressing, 214–217, 216–217

downloads, 332–333, 332

encryption, 202

extensions, 188–189, 189

fragmented, 211, 213

locking, 305

managing, 150–154, 153–154

manipulating, 160–163, 163–164

names, 188

navigating, 154–158, 155–157

sharing, 315–324, 316, 318–321, 323–324

synchronizing, 202

FileVault, 416, 416

filters

ActiveX, 435

MAC addresses, 289–290, 290

SmartScreen, 445–447, 446–447

financial software, 218

Finder application, 133

fingerprint recognition, 425

firewalls

configuring, 222–224, 222–224

for device hardening, 420, 421

ports, 221

software, 208–210, 211

wireless routers, 293, 293

FireWire standards, 102, 102

firmware, 15–17, 16–17

first-party cookies, 436

.flac extension, 220

flash drives, 95–96, 96

flash memory, 24

flashing BIOS, 17

flat screens, 65–66

floor cable guards, 484, 484

floppy disks and drives, 31

.flv extension, 219

Fn (Function) keys, 71–72, 72

folders

encrypting, 412–415, 413–414

managing, 150–154, 153–154

security, 203

shared, 311

form factors for motherboards, 5–6

formatting partitions, 150–151

forms in databases, 193

Fortran programming language, 120

4G technology, 259

fourth extended file system (ext4), 152

fragmented files, 211, 213

freeware, 187

description, 225

installing, 229

frequency of backups, 527

front-panel connectors, 19

frontside bus (FSB), 7–8

FRUs (field-replaceable components), 2

FTP (File Transfer Protocol), 271, 332

FTPS (File Transfer Protocol Secure), 333

FTTH (Fiber-to-the-Home) service, 256

Function (Fn) keys, 71–72, 72

G

game ports, 42, 62, 62

gaming PCs, 470–471

gaming software, 219–220

gateways for IP addresses, 273

Gauss, Carl Friedrich, 71

gesture-based interaction, 344–345

.gif extension, 199

Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM) standard, 259

Google Docs, 186, 328, 328

Google Drive service, 326, 327

Google Play app store, 366, 366

GPUs (graphics processing units), 41–42

grammar errors in suspicious sites, 445

graphic design

programs, 218

workstations, 471

graphical user interface (GUI), 121–123, 121

graphics processing units (GPUs), 41–42

grounding and electrostatic discharge, 550

GSM (Global System for Mobile

Communications) standard, 259

guest access to wireless routers, 290–291, 291

guest accounts, 125, 422

GUI (graphical user interface), 121–123, 121

gyroscope feature, 345

.gz extension, 215

H

hackers, 376

hacking, 376–378

hard disks and drives. See disks and drives

hardening devices, 407–408

disabling unused and dangerous features, 408–411, 408–411

locking system, 412

permissions and encryption, 412–417, 413–414, 416

software for, 417–420, 421

Hardware And Sound app

mouse, 93

touchpads, 89, 90

hardware components overview, 1–2

cooling systems, 49–52, 50–51

CPUs, 20–23, 20

damage to, 379

driver compatibility, 518

exam essentials, 53

labs, 53–54

memory. See memory

modems, 44, 44

motherboards. See motherboards

network cards, 43, 43

overview, 2–3

power supplies, 45–49, 45–48

review questions, 55–58

sound cards, 42, 42

storage devices. See storage

summary, 52

theft, 379–380, 380

in troubleshooting, 496–497

video cards, 40–42, 41

hazardous substances, 568, 569

HDMI (High-Definition Multimedia Interface), 69–70, 69, 472

HDSL (high bit-rate DSL), 254

heads, read/write, 31

heat issues, 564–565

heat sinks, 8, 50–51, 51

hibernate mode, 552–553

Hierarchical File System (HFS), 152

high bit-rate DSL (HDSL), 254

High-Definition Multimedia Interface (HDMI), 69–70, 69, 472

hijacked email, 454

home computer categories, 469–474, 473–474

home theater PC (HTPC) systems, 471–472

homegroups, sharing in, 322–324, 323–324

hosts in IP addresses, 72–273

hot keys, 164–166, 165–166

hotspots, 259–260, 260

HP Hardware Diagnostic Tools screen, 213, 213

HTPC (home theater PC) systems, 471–472

HTTP (Hypertext Transfer Protocol), 271, 329–330

HTTPS (Hypertext Transfer Protocol Secure), 329–331, 331, 441

humidity and electrostatic discharge, 550, 565

I

IaaS (Infrastructure as a Service), 325

iCloud service, 326

ICMP (Internet Control Message Protocol), 271

IDE (Integrated Drive Electronics) drives, 14, 14, 32, 32–33

IEEE 1394 standard, 102

IM (instant messaging) software, 204–205

image files, 199

IMAP (Internet Message Access Protocol), 352

Impress application, 197

Incognito feature, 450–451, 451

incremental backups, 526

information gathering in troubleshooting, 496–497

Infrared Data Association (IrDA), 266–267

Infrared technology, 266–268, 267

Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS), 325

ink cartridges, 76, 77

ink disposal, 570

inkjet printers

cleaning, 562–563, 562

overview, 76–77, 77

inoculating against viruses, 206

InPrivate browsing, 450–451, 451

input devices, 81

failures, 518

keyboards, 81–86, 82–86

pointing devices, 87–94, 88–92, 94

instant messaging (IM) software, 204–205

Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE), 102

intake fans, 49–50

Integrated Drive Electronics (IDE) drives, 14, 14, 32, 32–33

interference, 565–566

internal network connections, 261

wired, 262–264

wireless, 264–268, 266–267

International Organization for Standardization (ISO), 194

international power differences, 544–545, 545

Internet. See also networks

best practices. See Internet security best practices

connections, 251–261, 253, 260

SOHO routers. See SOHO routers

TCP/IP. See Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) suite

Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP), 271

Internet Explorer

certificates, 442–444, 443–444

cookies, 436–438, 437–438

options, 427–430, 429–430

plug ins, 430–431, 430–431

pop-ups, 447–448, 448

private browsing, 450–451, 451

security, 434–435, 434–435

Internet Message Access Protocol (IMAP), 352

Internet Protocol (IP), 270

Internet security best practices, 427

adware, 447–450, 448–449

browsers

Autofill feature, 432–433, 432–433

cookies, 436–439, 437–439

plugins, toolbars, and extensions, 430–432, 430–431

private browsing, 450–451, 451

safe browsing, 439–440

security, 434–435, 434–435

versions, 427–430, 428–429

email, 452–454, 453–454

secure websites, 440–444, 441–444

suspicious material, 444–447, 446–447

Internet service providers (ISPs), 252

iOS operating system

Airplane mode, 363, 363

home screen, 343–344, 343

locking and security, 346–348, 346–348

screen captures, 167

versions and features, 142–144, 142

wireless connections, 349–350, 349–351

IP addresses, 272–273

APIPA, 274–275, 275

DHCP and DNS, 273–274

public vs. private, 275–276

IP (Internet Protocol), 270

ipconfig tool

IP configuration, 275, 275

MAC addresses, 289

TCP/IP connectivity, 520–521, 520

iPhone, 143

Airplane mode, 363–364, 364

email, 352–356, 352–356

synchronization, 361, 362

IPv6, 272

IrDA (Infrared Data Association), 266–267

.iso extension, 215

ISO (International Organization for Standardization), 194

ISPs (Internet service providers), 252

iTunes

certificates, 441

synchronization, 361–362, 362

iTunes app store, 365, 365

ITX motherboards, 5–6

J

.jar extension, 215

Jobs, Steve, 134

joysticks, 91

.jpg extension, 199

jumpers, 34

K

K-slots (Kensington security slots), 380

kernels, 122

keyboards, 81

cleaning, 559

configuring, 82–86, 83–86

connecting, 81–82, 82

in ergonomics, 544

hot keys, 164–166, 165–166

keyloggers, 395

Keynote application, 197

kill switches, 380

kinetics, 345

L

L1 (Level 1) cache, 22

L2 (Level 2) cache, 22

L3 (Level 3) cache, 22

land grid array (LGA) sockets, 9, 9, 20

landscape orientation for mobile devices, 345, 346

LANs (local area networks), 304–307, 304

laptops

batteries for, 557

gaming, 471

power supplies, 48, 48

prices, 469

selecting, 466–467

video toggles, 72–73, 73

laser printers, 77–78, 562–563

latency, connection, 257–258

LCD (liquid crystal display) monitors, 65

disposal, 569

energy consumption, 555

LED (light-emitting diode) monitors, 65

legacy browsers, 427

Level 1 (L1) cache, 22

Level 2 (L2) cache, 22

Level 3 (L3) cache, 22

LGA (land grid array) sockets, 9, 9, 20

licenses

application failures from, 517

software, 224–227, 226

SOHO routers, 278, 278

theft, 380–383, 382

light-emitting diode (LED) monitors, 65

lights in front panel, 19

line of sight wireless, 257–258

links, suspicious, 444–447, 446–447

Linksys accounts, 281, 281

Linux operating system, 122

screen captures, 167

versions, 131–132, 132

workstations, 131–133, 132

liquid cooling systems, 51–52

liquid crystal display (LCD) monitors, 65

disposal, 569

energy consumption, 555

liquids, damage from, 560, 566

load problems

Mac OS, 512

Windows, 505–512, 507–511

local area networks (LANs), 304–307, 304

local backups, 526–527

local network sharing, 303

exam essentials, 333–334

lab, 334–335, 335

network types, 303–304

LANs, 304–305, 304

MANs, 306

PANs, 306

peer-to-peer and client-server, 307–309, 307–308

WANs, 305–306, 305

review questions, 336–339

storage options, 309–311, 310

summary, 333

types, 312

file and print sharing, 315–324, 316, 318–321, 323–324

peer-to-peer sharing, 312–315, 313

localization settings, 477, 478

locking

files, 305

hardware, 379–380, 380

mobile devices, 346–348, 346–348

system, 412

lockup, operating system, 513–514

LoJack service, 380

Long-Term Evolution networks, 259

low-power modes, 552–553

Lubuntu version, 131, 132

Software Center, 231, 231

Update Manager, 238, 238

VirtualBox version, 171–175, 172–175

M

.m4a extension, 220

Mac computers

automatic updates, 234, 235

laptop prices, 469

malware, 388

user accounts, 125, 126

MAC (Media Access Control) address filtering, 289–290, 290

Mac operating systems

load problems, 512

screen captures, 167–168

workstation, 133–136, 136

macros

for databases, 193

viruses in, 392

magnets, damage from, 567

Magnifier, 169

maintained servers, 202–203

maintenance software, 210–214, 212–213

malware. See also viruses

anti-malware, 205–208, 207–209

diagnosing and fixing infections, 419–420

overview, 387–388

MANs (metropolitan area networks), 304, 306

manufacturer safety guidelines, 541

mapping network drives, 310, 310

master drives, 34

material safety data sheets (MSDSs), 571

mats, antistatic, 551

MD5 (Message Digest Version 5), 418

MDP (mini display port) standard, 70

Media Access Control (MAC) address filtering, 289–290, 290

media streaming, 473–474, 473–474

medical software, 218

memory

assessing, 25–26, 26–27

bus speeds, 27–28

electrostatic discharge, 549–552

laptops, 467

operating system slowdown, 513–514

overview, 24

physical characteristics, 28–29, 28

slots for, 9–11, 10

virtual, 25

memory cards, 96–97, 96–97

Message Digest Version 5 (MD5), 418

metadata

file systems for, 151

viewing, 158–160, 158–160

metropolitan area networks (MANs), 304, 306

micro ATX motherboards, 5–6

MicroDIMM memory, 28

Microsoft OneDrive service, 326

MiFi hotspots, 259–260, 260

mini-DIN 6 connectors, 82

mini display port (MDP) standard, 70

mini-ITX motherboards, 6

Minimum System Requirements section, 221

mirroring disks, 38

mobile devices, 341–343

Airplane mode, 363–364, 363–364

apps, 364–368, 365–366, 368

Bluetooth, 359–361, 360–361

email, 350–358, 352–358

exam essentials, 369

external connections, 348–350, 349–350

interacting with, 344–345

lab, 369–370

locking and securing, 346–348, 346–348

review questions, 371–374

screen orientation, 345–346, 345–346

summary, 368–369

synchronization options, 361–362, 362–363

unexpected charges, 367–368, 368

usability options, 343–344, 343–344

mobile hotspots, 259–260, 260

mobile-ITX motherboards, 6

mobile media players, 100

mobile operating systems

Android, 144–146, 145

Blackberry, 148–149, 148

iOS, 142–144, 142

Windows phone, 146–148, 147

mobility factor in network connections, 268

modems

cable, 255

dial-up, 44, 44

DSL, 252–255, 253

modular components, 2

modules for databases, 193

monitoring system health, 129–130, 130

monitors

adjustments, 71–75, 72–75

blank, 504

cleaning, 558

CRT, 63–64, 64, 552, 555

disposal, 569

energy consumption, 555–556

in ergonomics, 543

flat screens, 65–66

resolution, 478–480, 479

monochrome laser printers, 78

Moore's law, 21

motherboards

back-panel connectors, 18, 18

BIOS chips, 15–17, 16–17

chipsets, 6–7

CMOS batteries, 18

components, 3–5, 4

CPU sockets, 8–9, 9

description acronyms, 19–20

disk controllers, 14, 14

expansion slots, 11–14, 12–13

firmware, 15–17, 16–17

form factors, 5–6

front-panel connectors, 19

memory slots and external cache, 9–11, 10

power connectors, 15, 15

mouse

cleaning, 559–560

configuring, 93, 94

in ergonomics, 544

overview, 87–88, 88

Mouse Properties window, 89, 90, 93, 94

moving files, 161

.mp3 extension, 220

.mp4 extension, 219

.mpg extension, 219

MS-DOS operating system, 122

MSCONFIG file, 509–512, 509–511

MSDSs (material safety data sheets), 571

.msi extension, 188

multicore architecture, 21

multifactor authentication, 424–425, 425

MultiFinder application, 133

multifunctional printers, 78

multipartite viruses, 392, 392

multiple monitor settings, 73–75, 73–75

multitasking, 123

multithreading, 123

multiuser software, 225

mutations in viruses, 393

N

Nadella, Satya, 136

naked DSL, 255

names

files, 161, 188

workgroups, 315, 316

nano-ITX motherboards, 6

Napster network, 314

NAS (network attached storage), 99–100, 99, 309–310

NAT (Network Address Translation)

IP addresses, 276

wireless routers, 291, 292

natural keyboards, 82, 83

near field communication (NFC), disabling, 409

neo-ITX motherboards, 6

netbooks, 141

Network Address Translation (NAT)

IP addresses, 276

wireless routers, 291, 292

Network And Sharing Center

Internet connections, 482–483, 482

media streaming, 473–474, 473–474

network attached storage (NAS), 99–100, 99, 309–310

network cards, 43, 43

network IDs in IP addresses, 272–273

network interface cards (NICs), 43, 43

networks, 249–250

backups on, 527

connections. See connections and connectors

exam essentials, 295–296

lab, 296

networks, 301–303

printers, 80

protocols, 269–276, 271, 275

review questions, 297–300

security best practices, 426–427

sharing. See local network sharing; web-based sharing

small office, 294

SOHO routers. See SOHO routers

storage. See storage

summary, 295

viruses in, 394

workstation connections, 482–483, 482

New Account screen, 354, 354

New Outbound Rule Wizard dialog box, 223–224, 223–224

New Technology File System (NTFS)

description, 151

permissions, 412–417, 413–414, 416

NFC (near field communication), disabling, 409

NICs (network interface cards), 43, 43

normal backups, 525

Northbridge chipsets, 7, 7

Norton Internet Security, 207, 208

NTFS (New Technology File System)

description, 151

permissions, 412–417, 413–414, 416

numbering systems, converting between, 23, 23

O

octets, 272–273

Office 365, 191

lClickSync, 362, 363

OneDrive service, 326

online workspace, 204

open source software, 120–121, 187, 225

opening files, 161

openssl libraries, 417

operating systems, 115–117

basic functions, 122–123

in computer selection, 468

data management structure, 129

description, 117

error messages, 512–513

exam essentials, 170–171

feature installation and uninstallation, 227–228, 228

fundamentals, 117–118, 118

history, 118–122, 121

lab, 171–175, 172–175

mobile

Android, 144–146, 145

Blackberry, 148–149, 148

iOS, 142–144, 142

Windows phone, 146–148, 147

navigating, 149–150

accessibility options, 168–169, 168–169

file manipulation, 160–163, 163–164

file structures, 154–158, 155–157

folder and file structures, 150–154, 153–154

hot keys, 164–166, 165–166

metadata, 158–160, 158–160

screen captures, 166–168, 167

review questions, 176–179

slowdown and lockup, 513–514

software environments, 128–129

summary, 170

system health monitoring, 129–130, 130

tablets, 467–468

types, 130–131

updating and patching, 234–239, 235, 237–238

user accounts, 124–128, 125–128

user and hardware coordination, 123–124

workstation

Chrome, 140–142, 141

Linux, 131–133, 132

Mac, 133–136, 136

setting up, 477–480, 478–479

Windows, 136–142, 137–139, 141

optical drives, 39–40, 39, 98

orientation in mobile devices, 345–346, 345–346

OS X operating system, 133–136, 136

P

P2P (peer-to-peer) sharing, 312–315, 313

PaaS (Platform as a Service), 325

packaging, CPU, 20

page files, 25

PANs (personal area networks), 304, 306

paper for thermal printers, 78

Parallel ATA (PATA) drives, 14, 32–34, 32–33

parallel buses, 8

parallel connections for printers, 79–80, 80

partitions, 150–151

passive worms, 394

passwords

changing, 424

cracking, 397–398

effective, 423–424

SOHO routers, 281–282, 285–286, 285

user accounts, 128, 128, 422–424

pasting files, 161

PAT (Port Address Translation), 276

PATA (Parallel ATA) drives, 14, 32–34, 32–33

patching

applications, 239

operating systems, 234–239, 235, 237–238

payloads in worms, 394

PC-Doctor program, 213

PC-to-PC direct links, 313–314

PCBs (printed circuit boards), 3

PCI Express (PCIe) expansion slots, 13–14, 13

PCI (Peripheral Component Interconnect) bus type, 11, 12

PDAs (personal digital assistants), 200

PDF creator application, 195

PDF (Portable Document Format) application, 194–196, 195–196

peer-to-peer networks, 307–309, 307

peer-to-peer (P2P) sharing, 312–315, 313

people-based security threats, 383–387

Per Site Privacy Actions dialog box, 437

Performance Monitor, 129–130, 130

Performance Options dialog box, 25–26, 26

Peripheral Component Interconnect (PCI) bus type, 11, 12

peripherals, 59–61

audio connectors, 61–63, 62

display adjustments, 71–75, 72–75

display devices, 63–66, 64

exam essentials, 108

external storage devices. See external storage devices

input devices, 81

failures, 518

keyboards, 81–86, 82–86

pointing devices, 87–94, 88–92, 94

labs, 109

printers, 75–80, 77, 79–80

review questions, 110–113

summary, 108

video connectors, 66–70, 67–71

workstations, 481

permissions

setting, 412–417, 413–414, 416

shared resources, 317

user accounts, 124–125

Permissions For Private dialog box, 413

persistent cookies, 436

personal area networks (PANs), 304, 306

personal digital assistants (PDAs), 200

personal finance software, 218

personal information manager (PIM) software, 199–200, 200

personally identifiable information (PII), 440

PGA (pin-grid array) sockets, 9, 9, 20

phage viruses, 393

pharming, 449–450

phishing, 385–386, 444–445

physical security threats, 379–383, 380, 382

physical trauma, 567–568

pico-ITX motherboards, 6

piconets, 266, 306

PII (personally identifiable information), 440

PIM (personal information manager) software, 199–200, 200

pin-grid array (PGA) sockets, 9, 9, 20

pinch gesture, 345

ping tool, 257, 519–522, 520–521

plain old telephone service (POTS), 252

plain text, 440

plans in troubleshooting, 501–502

plasma monitors, 65–66

plastic bags, antistatic, 551

Platform as a Service (PaaS), 325

platforms

as computer selection factor, 465–468

software, 186–187, 187

platters, 30

plugins for browsers, 430–432, 430–431

.png extension, 199

point-to-multipoint connections, 257

point-to-point infrared, 266

Pointer Options tab, 94

pointing devices, 87

configuring, 93, 94

connecting, 93

joysticks, 91

mouse, 87–88, 88

stylus pens, 91–92

touchpads, 88–91, 89–91

trackballs, 92, 92

policies for backups, 522–523

polymorphic viruses, 393, 393

Pop-Up Blocker Settings dialog box, 448, 448

pop-up windows

controlling, 447–449, 448–449

removing, 232

POP3 (Post Office Protocol 3), 351

Port Address Translation (PAT), 276

Portable Document Format (PDF) application, 194–196, 195–196

portrait orientation in mobile devices, 345, 345

ports

audio, 19

firewalls, 221

keyboards, 82, 82

printers, 79–80, 79–80

Post Office Protocol 3 (POP3), 351

POST (power-on self-test), 16–17, 504

POTS (plain old telephone service), 252

power buttons, 19

power-conserving equipment, 555–557, 556

power lights, 19

power-management plans, 552–555, 554

power-on self-test (POST), 16–17, 504

Power Options dialog box, 555

power problems, 504

power schemes, 554–555, 554

power strips, 546, 546

power supplies and systems. See also electricity

connectors, 15, 15

international power differences, 544–545, 545

overview, 45–49, 45–48

powering on workstations, 476–477, 477

PowerPoint application, 197, 197

.ppt extension, 197

.pptx extension, 197

pre-operating system computer age, 118–120, 119

preemptive multitasking, 123

presentation software, 197, 197

pricing Internet connections, 261

printed circuit boards (PCBs), 3

printers, 75–76

cleaning, 561–563, 562

connecting, 79–80, 79–80

ink disposal, 570

sharing, 320–324, 323–324

technologies, 76–78, 77

Privacy Alert dialog box, 438

privacy screens, 386

private browsing, 450–451, 451

private clouds, 325

private IP addresses, 275–276

Private Properties dialog box, 414–415, 414

private side firewalls, 210

problem identification in troubleshooting, 493–497

processors. See CPUs (central processing units)

product keys, 226, 226

productivity software, 190

databases, 193–194

desktop publishing, 198–199, 198

email, 192–193

PDF, 194–196, 195–196

personal information managers, 199–200, 200

presentation, 197, 197

remote desktop, 200–201

spreadsheets, 191–192, 192

word processing, 190–191, 190

Program Manager, 137, 137

programs. See software applications

prohibition icons, 512

projectors, 64–65

Properties dialog box for hard disks, 36, 36–37

properties for files, 158–160, 158–160

protocols for networks, 269–276, 271, 275

PS/2 ports, 82, 82

public clouds, 325

public IP addresses, 275–276

public side firewalls, 210

public workstation security issues, 433–434

Q

quad-core processors, 21

quarantining files, 208, 418

queries for databases, 193

questionable web sites, 440

quick start guides, 476, 476

QWERTY keyboards, 81

R

RADSL (rate-adaptive DSL), 254

RAID (Redundant Array of Independent Disks), 38–39, 38

RAM. See

memory ransomware, 396

.rar extension, 215

RAS (Remote Access Service), 252

rate-adaptive DSL (RADSL), 254

RDP (Remote Desktop Protocol), 201

read-only memory (ROM), 24

rebooting in troubleshooting, 501

rechargeable batteries, 570

recovery environment, 512

redirection

browsers, 449–450

search engines, 450

Redundant Array of Independent Disks (RAID), 38–39, 38

registering software, 229–230

Registry

load problems, 505

uninstalling applications, 231–232

reliability factor in network connections, 268

Remote Access Service (RAS), 252

Remote Desktop Protocol (RDP), 201

remote desktop software, 200–201

removable media, cleaning, 563–564

removing

applications, 230–232, 230–231

malware, 207–208

pop-up windows, 232

renaming files, 161

repairing applications, 231

reports for databases, 193

reseating chips and cables, 500

reset buttons, 19

resolution

CRT displays, 64

monitor settings, 72–73, 72

workstation screens, 478–480, 479

resources, shared

access, 317–320, 318–320

web-based, 329

restarting computer in troubleshooting, 501

restore points, 506

Restriction of Hazardous Substances (RoHS) Directive, 568, 569

retina scanning, 425

retroviruses, 393

RGB video, 66–67, 67

RJ-11 connectors, 44, 44, 105–107, 106

RJ-45 connectors, 105–106, 106

RoHS (Restriction of Hazardous Substances) Directive, 568, 569

ROM (read-only memory), 24

rootkits, 396

routers

SOHO. See SOHO routers

wireless

security, 287–290, 290

services, 290–293, 291–293

.rtf extension, 191

rules for Windows Firewall, 223–224, 223–224

Runtime Error Has Occurred message, 513

S

S-video, 68, 68

SaaS (Software as a Service), 325

safe browsing, 439–440

Safe Mode, 505–506

safety. See environmental and safety concepts

saidar tool, 130

SARC (Symantec AntiVirus Research Center), 206

SATA (Serial ATA) drives, 14, 14

connections, 32, 32–33

external, 102–104, 103–104

Satellite Internet, 257–258

saving files, 161

scanners, disposal of, 569

scatternets, 306

.scexe extension, 188

scheduling

backups, 527

malware scans, 208

scientific software, 218

screen captures, 166–168, 167

screen orientation in mobile devices, 345–346, 345–346

screen readers, 168

screen resolution in workstations, 478–480, 479

Screen Saver Settings dialog box, 381, 382

screen-sharing software, 204

SCSI (small computer system interface), 33

SDR (single data rate) SDRAM, 27

SDSL (symmetric DSL), 254

search engine redirection, 450

Secure File Transfer Protocol (SFTP), 332–333

Secure Shell (SSH) sessions, 333

Secure Sockets Layer (SSL)

HTTPS connections, 329

POP3, 351

secure websites, 440

secure websites, recognizing, 440–444, 441–444

security

best practices. See security best practices

browsers, 434–435, 434–435

file systems for, 151

files, 159–160, 160

firewalls, 208–210, 211

folders, 203

HTTPS, 329–331, 331

mobile devices, 346–348, 346–348

network connections, 263, 265, 267, 269

public workstations, 433–434

SOHO routers, 283–285, 284

threats. See security threats

updates, 483, 483

wireless routers, 287–290, 290

workstation software, 480–483, 482

security best practices, 405–407

device hardening, 407–408

disabling unused and dangerous features, 408–411, 408–411

locking system, 412

permissions and encryption, 412–417, 413–414, 416

software for, 417–420, 421

exam essentials, 455–456

Internet. See Internet security best practices

lab, 456–457

networks, 426–427

review questions, 458–461

summary, 455

user accounts, 421–426, 425

security threats, 375–376

dumpster diving, 383

exam essentials, 399

hacking, 376–378

lab, 399

overview, 378

people-based, 383–387

physical, 379–383, 380, 382

review questions, 400–403

software-based. See software-based security threats

summary, 398

Select Users Or Groups dialog box, 413, 413

Serial ATA (SATA) drives, 14, 14

connections, 32, 32–33

external, 102–104, 103–104

serial buses, 8

serial connections for printers, 79, 79

servers

home and SOHO computers, 472–474, 473–474

maintained, 202–203

service packs, 389

Service Set Identifiers (SSIDs)

configuring, 284

disabling broadcasts, 289

services, disabling, 409–411, 410

session cookies, 436

Set Associations window, 189, 189

7-Zip program, 215–217, 216–217

.7z extension, 215

SFF (small form factor) boards, 5

SFTP (Secure File Transfer Protocol), 332–333

shared folders, 311

ShareNet, 304

shareware

description, 225

installing, 229

sharing

documents, 202–203

networks. See local network sharing; web-based sharing

shells

description, 122

Linux, 131

shortcuts, 162–163, 163–164, 511–512

shoulder surfing, 386

signatures, virus, 393, 418

Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP), 352

single data rate (SDR) SDRAM, 27

single sided (SS) optical drives, 40

single sign-on (SSO), 426

single user software, 225

site licenses, 225

sitting in ergonomics, 543–544

64-bit CPUs, 21

64-bit operating system, 123

size of tablets, 468

slave drives, 34

Sleep mode, 552–553

slowdown, operating system, 513–514

small computer system interface (SCSI), 33

small form factor (SFF) boards, 5

small office networks, configuring, 294

Small Outline DIMM (SODIMM) memory, 9–10, 10, 28–29

smart cards, 424–425

smartphones, 100–101

SmartScreen filters, 445–447, 446–447

SMTP (Simple Mail Transfer Protocol), 352

SnagIt application, 166

social engineering, 383–385

social side of troubleshooting, 495

sockets

CPU, 8–9, 9

web resources, 329

SODIMM (Small Outline DIMM) memory, 9–10, 10, 28–29

software applications, 181–185

best practices. See best practices for software applications

cloud, 328, 328

collaboration, 202–205

concepts, 185–186

description, 118

for device hardening, 417–420, 421

environments, 128–129

exam essentials, 242–243

failures, 514–517, 516

file extensions, 188–189, 189

installing, 483

lab, 243

platforms, 186–187, 187

productivity. See productivity software

review questions, 244–247

specialized, 217–220

summary, 242

theft, 380–383, 382

in troubleshooting, 496–497

uninstalling, 481, 482

updates, 483, 483

utility. See utility software

Software as a Service (SaaS), 325

software-based security threats

adware, 395

backdoors, 396–397

exploits, 388–389

overview, 387–388

password cracking, 397–398

ransomware, 396

rootkits, 396

spam, 397

spyware, 395

Trojan horses, 394–395

viruses, 389–394, 390–394

worms, 394

Software Center in Lubuntu, 231, 231

SOHO computer categories, 469–474, 473–474

SOHO routers, 277

administrator password, 285–286, 285

configuring, 277–278, 280–283, 281–283

connecting, 278–280, 279–280, 286–287, 286–287

license agreements, 278, 278

security, 283–285, 284

solid-state drives (SSDs), 34–35

sound cards, 42, 42, 61

source code, 122

Southbridge chipsets, 7, 7

spam

antispam software, 419

dealing with, 452

overview, 397

spambots, 397

speakers, 61–62

spear phishing, 386

specialized software, 217

CAD, 218

financial, 218

gaming and entertainment, 219–220

medical and scientific, 218

speed

bus, 27–28

CPU, 21

hard drive spin rates, 32

spelling errors in suspicious sites, 445

spin rates of hard drives, 32

spoofing, 444–445

sprays, antistatic, 551

spreadsheet software, 191–192, 192

Spybot Search & Destroy tool, 419

spyware, 206

antispyware software, 419

overview, 395

SRAM (static random access memory), 24

SS (single sided) optical drives, 40

SSDs (solid-state drives), 34–35

SSH (Secure Shell) sessions, 333

SSIDs (Service Set Identifiers)

configuring, 284

disabling broadcasts, 289

SSL (Secure Sockets Layer)

HTTPS connections, 329

POP3, 351

secure websites, 440

SSO (single sign-on), 426

standard user accounts, 125

standard workstations, 470

standardization of operating systems, 120–121

Standby mode, 552

Star workstations, 121–122

starting services, 409–411

static electricity, 549–552, 550

static IP addressing, 274

static random access memory (SRAM), 24

stealth virus, 394, 394

STOP errors, 504–505

stopping services, 409–411

storage

device overview. See disks and drives

documents, 202–203

networks

cloud, 326–327, 327

DAS, 309

drives, 310–311, 310

NAS, 309–310

tablets, 468

streaming media, 473–474, 473–474

striping, disk, 38

strong passwords, 423–424

stylus pens, 91–92

subnet masks for IP addresses, 273

Super VGA video standard, 480

support. See troubleshooting

surge protectors, 546, 547

Suspend to Disk mode, 552–553

suspicious material, recognizing, 444–447, 446–447

swap files, 25

swipe gesture, 344

switches for power supplies, 47–48, 545, 545

Symantec Antivirus Research Center (SARC), 206

symmetric DSL (SDSL), 254

synchronization

files, 202

mobile devices, 361–362, 362–363

system-based documentation in troubleshooting, 503

System Configuration utility, 509–512, 509–511

system health, monitoring, 129–130, 130

system images, 526

System Is Low On Virtual Memory message, 513

System Monitor tool, 130

System Properties dialog box, 25–26, 507, 507

System Protection dialog box, 507–508

System Restore feature, 506–508, 507–508

System Software, 133

System32 folder, 505

SysWOW64 folder, 505

T

tables for databases, 193

tablets, selecting, 467–468

tap gesture, 344

.tar extension, 215

Task Manager, 514

tax preparation software, 218

TCP/IP. See Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) suite

telephone connectors, 106–107, 106

telepresence, 203

temperature issues, 564–565

Temporal Key Integrity Protocol (TKIP), 288

testing backups, 530

Text Services And Input Languages dialog, 85–86, 85

theft

data, software, and licenses, 380–383, 382

hardware, 379–380, 380

theories in troubleshooting, 497–498

thermal printers, 78

third extended file system (ext3), 152

third-party cookies, 436

32-bit CPUs, 21

32-bit operating systems, 123

threats in suspicious sites, 445

throughput factor for network connections, 269

Thunderbolt technology, 70, 71, 104–105

.tiff extension, 199

TinyTake application, 166

TKIP (Temporal Key Integrity Protocol), 288

TLS (Transport Layer Security)

HTTPS connections, 329

secure websites, 440

tokens, security, 425, 425

toner, 562

cartridges, 563

description, 77

disposal, 570

safety, 78

toolbars for browsers, 430–432, 430–431

Torvalds, Linus, 122, 131

touchpads, 88–91, 89–91

touchscreens, 66

tracert command, 521, 522

trackballs, 92, 92

Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) suite, 270–271, 271

connectivity issues, 519–521, 520–522

IP addresses, 272–273

APIPA, 274–275, 275

DHCP and DNS, 273–274

public vs. private, 275–276

Transmission Control Protocol (TCP), 270

Transport Layer Security (TLS)

HTTPS connections, 329

secure websites, 440

Trend Micro tools, 420

Trojan horses, 394–395

troubleshooting, 491–492

concepts, 492–493

exam essentials, 532

examples

application failures, 514–517, 516

blank monitors, 504

blue screen, 504–505

boot problems, 503–504

device failures, 517–521, 520–522

Mac OS load problems, 512

operating system error messages, 512–513

operating system slowdown and lockup, 513–514

overview, 503

Windows load problems, 505–512, 507–511

lab, 533

review questions, 534–537

social side, 495

steps, 493

action plans, 501–502

documentation, 502–503

problem identification, 493–497

solution testing, 498–501

theory formation, 497–498

verifying functionality, 502

summary, 531–532

Twain, Mark, 144

.txt extension, 191

U

UAC (User Account Control), 206

Ubuntu operating system, 125, 126

UDP (User Datagram Protocol), 271

unclean uninstallations, 231–232

unexpected charges for mobile devices, 367–368, 368

uninstalling

applications, 230–232, 230–231

unneeded software, 481, 482

uninterruptible power supplies (UPSs), 547–548, 547–548

Universal Serial Bus. See USB (Universal Serial Bus)

Unix operating system, 120

unneeded software, uninstalling, 481, 482

unshielded twisted pair (UTP) wire, 262–263, 566

unused features, disabling, 408–411, 408–411

Update Manager, 238, 238

updates

anti-malware, 207, 209

applications, 239

drivers, 239–241, 240–241

operating systems, 234–239, 235, 237–238

software, 483, 483

upgrading vs. updating, 234

UPSs (uninterruptible power supplies), 547–548, 547–548

USB (Universal Serial Bus)

connectors, 69

external storage, 101–102

introduction, 8

keyboards, 81–82, 82

pointing devices, 93

ports, 19

printers, 80

use factor in computer selection, 465

User Account Control (UAC), 206

user accounts

authentication, 424–426, 425

creating, 127–128, 127–128

passwords, 422–424

single sign-on, 426

types, 421–422

working with, 124–128, 125–128

User Datagram Protocol (UDP), 271

user error in troubleshooting, 500–501

utility software, 205

anti-malware, 205–208, 207–209

compression, 214–217, 216–217

diagnostic and maintenance, 210–214, 212–213

firewalls, 208–210, 211

UTP (unshielded twisted pair) wire, 262–263, 566

V

vacuum cleaners, 560

VDC (volts DC), 45

VDSL (very high bit-rate DSL), 254

verifying

backups, 530

functionality in troubleshooting, 502

versions

browsers, 427–430, 428–429

operating systems, 122

very high bit-rate DSL (VDSL), 254

VESA (Video Electronics Standards Association), 70

VGA (Video Graphics Array), 67–68, 67, 480

video

connectors, 66–70, 67–71

standards, 480

video cards, 40–42, 41

video editing workstations, 471

Video Electronics Standards Association (VESA), 70

video game software, 219–220

Video Graphics Array (VGA), 67–68, 67, 480

videoconferencing software, 203–204

virtual memory, 25

Virtual Memory dialog box, 26

VirtualBox, 171–175, 172–175

virtualization in cloud computing, 325

viruses, 206

antivirus software, 417–420, 421

application failures, 517

operation, 390–391, 390–391

overview, 389

symptoms, 389–390

vishing, 386

Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP), 204, 386

VoiceOver screen reader, 168

voltages

electrostatic discharge, 549

power supplies, 47–48

volts DC (VDC), 45

vulnerabilities, 388

W

walk-up infrared, 266

WANs (wide area networks), 304–307, 305

Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment (WEEE) Directive, 568, 569

water, damage from, 560, 566

watts of power supplies, 46

.wav extension, 220

weak passwords, 423–424

web-based sharing, 324

browsing, 329–331, 331

cloud

applications, 328, 328

concepts, 325

storage, 326–327, 327

exam essentials, 333–334

file downloads, 332–333, 332

lab, 334–335, 335

resource access, 329

review questions, 336–339

summary, 333

webcams, 66

websites, suspicious, 444–447, 446–447

WEEE (Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment) Directive, 568, 569

WEP (Wired Equivalency Protocol), 288

whaling, 386

Wi-Fi Protected Access (WPA), 288

Wi-Fi Protected Access 2 (WPA2), 289

wide area networks (WANs), 304–307, 305

Widescreen XGA (WXGA) video standard, 480

WIMP interface, 122

Windows Action Center, 420, 421

Windows Backup, 525, 525, 527–530, 528–530

Windows Defender, 206, 207, 419

Windows Explorer, 138, 155–157, 155–157

Windows Firewall, 420

configuring, 222–224, 222–224

overview, 210, 211

Windows Has Recovered From A Serious Error message, 513

Windows operating systems

accessibility options, 169

drive status, 35–36, 35–37

laptop prices, 469

load problems, 505

recovery environment, 512

Safe Mode, 505–506

System Configuration, 509–512, 509–511

System Restore, 506–508, 507–508

media streaming, 473–474, 473–474

power schemes, 554–555, 554

screen captures, 166–167, 167

shortcuts, 161–163, 163–164

usage, 140

user accounts, 127–128, 127–128

versions, 137–140, 137–139

workstation, 136–140, 137–139, 141

Windows phone operating system, 146–148, 147

Windows Recovery Environment (Windows RE), 512

Windows Update, 234–238, 235, 237

WinZip program, 215

Wired Equivalency Protocol (WEP), 288

wired internal network connections, 262–264

wireless connections for mobile devices, 349–350, 349–351

wireless devices. See mobile devices

wireless LANs (WLANs), 264–268, 266–267

wireless mouse, 87, 88

wireless networks, 467

wireless personal area networks (WPANs), 265, 306

wireless routers

security, 287–290, 290

services

DHCP, 291, 292

firewalls, 293, 293

guest access, 290–291, 291

NAT, 291, 292

wiretaps, 263

WLANs (wireless LANs), 264–268, 266–267

.wmv extension, 219

Word application, 190–191, 190

word processing software, 190–191, 190

workgroups, 307, 315–317, 316

workstations, 463–464

audio/video editing, 471

cables

managing, 483–484, 484

plugging in, 475–476, 476

exam essentials, 485

graphic design, 471

home and SOHO computers, 469–474, 473–474

Internet connections, 482–483, 482

lab, 485

localization settings, 477, 478

operating systems

Chrome, 140–142, 141

Linux, 131–133, 132

Mac, 133–136, 136

setup, 477–480, 478–479

Windows, 136–140, 137–139, 141

powering on, 476–477, 477

review questions, 486–489

screen resolution, 478–480, 479

security

risks, 433–434

software, 480–483, 482

selecting, 464–469

standard, 470

summary, 484–485

worms, 394

WPA (Wi-Fi Protected Access), 288

WPA2 (Wi-Fi Protected Access 2), 289

WPA2 Personal security, 284

WPANs (wireless personal area networks), 265, 306

wrist straps, 550

WUXGA video standard, 480

WXGA (Widescreen XGA) video standard, 480

X

XFS (Extended File System), 152

Z

.zip extension, 215

zones, security, 434–435, 434–435