GLOSSARY
Table A.7 Simple meanings of some common terms
| Term | Equivalent term/s | Used for |
|---|---|---|
| Alphabet | Vocabulary | A finite set of symbols |
| Argument | An input to a function | |
| Binary relation | A relation whose domain is a set of pairs of things | |
| Boolean operation | An operation on Boolean values | |
| Boolean value | TRUE and FALSE, or 1 and 0 | |
| Cartesian product | Of sets A, B is a set consisting of all possible pairs formed by an element from each of the sets A and B | |
| Complement | Of a set A is a set consisting of all elements not present in A, with respect to some universal set U | |
| Concatenation | Sticking together two strings; if operating on two sets, then result is a set obtained by sticking all pairs of strings | |
| Conjunction | Boolean AND operation | |
| Connected graph | Has paths for each pairs of nodes | |
| Cycle | A path through a graph which starts and ends on the same Node | |
| Directed graph | Paths have a specified direction | |
| Disjunction | Boolean OR operation | |
| Domain | A set of possible inputs to a function | |
| Edge | Connecting line, arc | A line in a graph |
| Element | Object | A member of a set |
| Empty set | Φ | A set having no member |
| Empty string | λ | A zero-length string |
| Equivalence relation | A binary relation which is Reflexive, Symmetric and Transitive | |
| Function | An operation that maps inputs to outputs | |
| Graph | A set of points and lines connecting some of the pairs of points | |
| Intersection | Of two sets A, B is a set which have all the elements common between A and B | |
| k-tuple | A list of k objects | |
| Language | A set of strings | |
| Node | Vertex | A point in a graph |
| Pair | 2-tuple | A list of two objects |
| Path | A sequence of nodes in a graph connected by edges | |
| Predicate | A function whose range is {TRUE, FALSE} | |
| Range | A set of all possible values of output of a function | |
| Relation | A predicate, whose domain is usually a set of k-tuples | |
| Sequence | List | A series of objects, the order is significant |
| Set | Class, collection | A group of objects |
| Simple path | A path without repetition of any nodes | |
| String | A finite list of symbols from some alphabet | |
| Tree | A graph without cycles | |
| Union | Of sets is combination of all the elements, without duplicates, into one set |
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