of element clause, 141
of key clause, 172–173
of keyref clause, 173
of unique clause, 171
Name built-in constructed data type (XML Schema), 132
combining, 244–246
generic, 243–244
overview, 243
scoped names, 244
of unexpanded entity reference, 97
of unparsed entity, 99
nesting grammars, 231–233
overview, 229–231
recursive structures using, 231
redefining, 234
of AOM arc roles, 52
of AOM models, 66
qualified and unqualified (XML Schema), 180–182
of Relax NG elements, 216
namespace attributes property of elements (XML), 95–96
of attributes, 96
of elements, 95
of namespace, 99
default, 68
for models, 66
purpose, 68
vocabulary namespaces for models, 67
namespaces (Relax NG), 241–243
attributes and, 241
chameleon components, 242–243
combining name classes and, 244
ns attribute for, 241
prefixes, 242
scoped names and, 244
declaring, 90
example, 101
importance of, 90
not supported by DTDs, 115
properties of elements, 95–96
properties of information item, 99
qualified elements and, 90–91
removal of redundant nodes in canonical form, 103
namespaces (XML Schema), 180–184
default schema namespace, 183–184
qualified and unqualified names, 180–182
targetNamespace declaration, 180
navigation, business object implementation and, 320–321
NCName built-in constructed data type (XML Schema), 133
negativeInteger built-in constructed data type (XML Schema), 134
Nelson, Ted, 13
appending child nodes to nested structures (XML Schema), 457–458
connectors (XML Schema), 147–148
grammars (Relax NG), 231–233
particles (XML Schema), 145
newspapers, nonlinear order in, 11
NIAM (Nijssen’s Information Analysis Methodology), 46
elements declared as keys and, 172
overview, 169–170
nondeterminism, choice and, 465
AOM asset names as, 52
BNF notation for, 29
DTDs vs. regular grammars and, 108
DTDs vs. XML Schema or Relax NG and, 34
in formal grammars, 27
for grammar generating currency amounts, 27
for HRGS, 32
model groups vs., 109
of attribute values (XML), 102
of comments (XML), 105
Partitioned Normal Form (PNF), 78–79
of relational data structures, 401–415
requirements in AOM, 76–77
normalization of relational data structures, 401–415
converting table to 1NF (flattening), 405–406
defining the target format, 402–403
Integrity Rules for cardinality constraints, 410
introducing key relationships, 406–410
keys, 406–407
overview, 401–402
preserving sequential order, 410–414
recomposing original document nodes, 414–415
repeating elements, 410
schema to be normalized, 403–405
normalized value property of attributes (XML), 96
overview, 131
SQL and, 421
BNF, 29
regular set algebra, 30–31
for regular types, 35–37
for XML Schema syntactical constructs, 119
notation element (XML Schema), 195
as extension mechanism for elements, 111–112
overview, 110
of document node, 93
of processing instructions, 97
of unparsed entity, 99
nouns, modeling as assets, 73
in OO languages, 376–377
in SQL, 424
Object Constraint Language (OCL), 337
object identifiers (SQL-99), 420–421
Object Role Modeling (ORM), 46
hierarchies based on behavior, 369–370
hierarchies based on syntax, 370
mapping XML Schema simple types onto, 373–377
primitive types, 373–377
substitutability of (polymorphism), 369–370
XML types vs., 370–373
automatic code generation and, 392–393
behavior of objects, 368
binding between XML and OO structures, 367
constraints, 390–393
decentralized change management in, 488
document-centric environments vs., 368
dynamic marshaling, 389–390
encapsulation of objects, 367–368
ERM dialects for, 46
inheritance, 388–389
keys and, 393–394
mapping complex types from XML Schema, 377–387
mapping global types from XML Schema, 387–388
mapping simple types from XML Schema, 373–377
messages, 368
method calls, 368
object identity, 393–394
SQL-99 and, 419–421
visibility, 394
OCL (Object Constraint Language), 337
1NF (First Normal Form). See normalization of relational data structures
ontologies, 324
open content model, 465–467
of AOM assets, 51
vocabulary for AOM models, 67 See also specific kinds
option operation, 37
optional elements, 24
oral documents, 8
ORM (Object Role Modeling), 46
outer join operations in relational algebra, 401
owner element property of attributes (XML), 96
Panini, 26
parameter entities in DTDs, 113–114
of characters, 98
of comments, 98
of DTD information item, 98
of elements, 96
of processing instructions, 97
of unexpanded entity reference, 97
parentheses for empty sequence notation, 36
construction from grammars, 28
general parsing problem as undecidable, 28
from HRGs, 32
XML, 28
child element structures defined by, 142
defined, 142
nesting, 145
Partitioned Normal Form (PNF), 78–79
pattern clause (Schematron), 351–352
described, 129–130
implementing in OO languages, 390–391
regular expressions for, 495–498
abstract, 236–240
advantages, 23
customizing, 234–236
defined, 229
empty, 236
named, 229–233
period_type, 291–292
redefining, 234
referencing external patterns, 233
#PCDATA terminal symbol in DTDs, 108
in Keith Jarrett Trio, 253–254
XML document for, 251
period asset, as type definition, 79
period_type pattern (Relax NG), 291–292
period_type schema file, 447
overview, 76
PNF and, 78
person element (XML Schema), 118–119
jazzMusician_type derived from, 262–264
person_type grammar (Relax NG), 292–294
person_type schema file, 461–462
person_wildcard schema file, 465–466
personWithCV_type schema file, 463–464
phase clause (Schematron), 351
Phoenician script, 7
PI nodes. See processing instructions (XML)
pictographs, 6
Plato, 26
L2S and, 84
overview, 79
as AOM particle or property modifier, 56
as AOM property type modifier, 58
for cardinality constraints for arcs, 53
for cardinality constraints in DTDs, 109
PNF (Partitioned Normal Form), 78–79
defined, 369–370
XML Schema and, 389
Poseidon CASE tool, 337
defined, 31
derivation of, 37
non-empty, 37
substitution operation replacing, 34
of attributes, 96
of elements, 95
of namespace, 99
prehistoric documents, 7–8
of assets (AOM), 51
defining in SQL, 418
OO languages and, 393–394
of relational databases, 397
XML Schema key clause for, 172–173
asset types (AOM), 77
for attributes (XML), 110–111
fundamental facets for (XML Schema), 120
hierarchy of XML Schema built-in types, 136
in OO languages, 373–377
XML Schema built-in types, 121–126
canonical form, 105
properties, 97
L2S and, 84
overview, 76
element declaration in DTDs and, 108
for HRGs, 33
production systems, formal grammars as, 27
as business object, 260
overview, 76
Relax NG, 311–313
project_asset complex type (XML Schema), 280
in relational algebra, 399
SQL queries, 416
project_type grammar (Relax NG), 301–302
of assets, 51
assets vs., 73–74
combining complex types with union operator, 59
completely typed asset example, 59
context expressions relating constraints to, 62
default type system for, 57
defining, 57
explicitly defined types for, 57–60
items connected to single assets as, 74
local types for, 54–55
mixing types from several systems for, 57–58
modeling aggregated items as, 73–76
modifiers, 55–56
overview, 53–57
in PNF, 78
recursive structures, 56–57
type modifiers, 58–59
undefined type for, 54
value access by constraints, 62
property keys of assets (AOM), 51
of DTD information item, 98
of unexpanded entity reference, 97
of unparsed entity, 99
Entity Relationship Diagrams, 44–46
grammar using Relax NG, 20–23
schema using DTD, 15–17
schema using XML Schema, 17–20
serialization in XML, 5
mapping onto OO types, 376
overview, 126
SQL equivalent function, 423
qualified elements (XML), 90–91
object-oriented, 376
SQL, 423
XML Schema, 180–182
queries (SQL), 415–417
Cartesian product in, 416
nested select statements, 417
projection operation in, 416
on recursive structures (SQL-99), 430
selection operation in, 416
set operations, 417
typical query, 415–416
queries (XQuery). See XQuery
as AOM particle or property modifier, 55
as AOM property type modifier, 58
for cardinality constraints for arcs, 53
for cardinality constraints in DTDs, 109
range of arcs (AOM), 52
mediation between XML databases and, 433–444
overview, 396–397
representing data in XML format, 396
RDF (Resource Description Framework), 48
in AOM properties, 65–67
defined, 24
for defining generic types, 39
in document schemata, 24–26
DTD example, 24–25
in HRGs, 33
mapping XML Schema onto Java, 385–386
regular expressions combined with, 31
repetition and, 24
SQL and, 430
substitution operation for expressing, 36–37
XML Schema example, 25
XML Schema structures using global complex types, 165–168
redefining patterns (Relax NG), 234
adding an attribute to a simple type element, 455–456
to allow choices, 461–464
appending child nodes to nested structures, 457–458
authoring for, 454–465
conservative schema modification, 464–465
for derived schemata, 450–451
inserting elements at an arbitrary position, 459–461
need for, 454–455
reasons for, 450
asset types and, 77
removal of redundant nodes in XML canonical form, 103
references property of attributes (XML), 96
cross-document, 335
AOM and, 48
data types as, 35
deterministic, 39
grammars and, 31
for pattern constraining facet (XML Schema), 495–498
recursion combined with, 31
regular sets and, 30–31
regular grammars. See HRGs (Hedge-Regular Grammars)
regular sets, calculus describing, 30–31
regular types, 34–40
AOM and, 48
applied to general data types, 34–35
basic algebra, 37–38
basic composition, 35–37
deterministic, 39–40
functional programming languages exploiting, 34–35
generic, 39
notation for, 35–36
subtypes, 38–39
relational algebra, 398–401
Cartesian product operation, 398–399
difference operation, 398
general join operation, 400
intersection operation, 398
natural join operation, 400
outer join operations, 401
projection operation, 399
selection operation, 400
union operation, 398
constraints, 430–431
data model, 397
databases, 396–397
decentralized change management in, 488
mapping complex types from XML Schema, 424–430
mapping simple types from XML Schema, 421–427
mediation between RDBMS and XML databases, 433–444
motivation for XML integration with, 396
normalization, 401–415
relational algebra, 398–401
SQL overview, 415–421
translating tables to XML Schema, 431–433
database, 397
ERM, AOM assets and, 48–50
RELAX, 215
annotations, 224–225
attributes, 216–217
cardinality constraints, 222–223
chameleon components, 242–243
data model, 216
data types, 226–228
default values, 225
elements, 216–217
embedding Schematron into, 359–360
empty elements, 223–224
enumerations, 226–227
external patterns and grammars, 233–240
fixed values, 225–226
grammars and named patterns, 228–233
interleaving, 219–222
invoice master schema example, 238–240
keys and key references, 240–241
lists, 227–228
model groups and particles, 217–223
name classes and wildcards, 243–246
namespaces, 241–243
non-terminal symbols and, 34
purchase order grammar example, 20–23
recursion example, 25–26
Schematron vs., 360–361
structure, 216–226
tool support for, 247–248
Web site for information and tools, 215
XML processing model and, 360–361
Relax NG implementation for jazz knowledge base, 291–318
business object implementation, 304–308
clusters, 314–316
conceptual model for, 259
cross-references, 308–311
inheritance, 292–296
project business object, 311–313
synopsis of steps for, 318–320
type library, complete code for, 296–304
type library, creating, 291–292
RelaxNGCC, 248
overview, 24
translating repeating sequences from XML Schema into Java, 383–384
translating XML Schema elements into Java, 380–381
report clause (Schematron), 352–353
resolved references, XML canonical form for, 102–103
Resource Description Framework (RDF), 48
constraining facets available, 129–131
mapping onto OO types, 376
overview, 128–131
SQL type parameters and, 423–424
reuse mechanisms (XML Schema), 184–190
attribute groups, 186
chameleon schema components, 197–199
global elements and global types, 184–185
groups, 185–186
instance type overriding, 186–188
substitution groups, 188–190
as business object, 260
overview, 76
XML document for Inside Out review, 257
Relax NG, 314–316
right outer join operation in relational algebra, 401
root element (Relax NG), 216
defined, 139
schema clause as, 190
roundtrip engineering, 47
Rule of Solution of Equations, 32
Rule of Substitution, 32
overview, 190
schema composition (XML Schema), 190–196
locating schemata, 191
overview, 190
framework for, 362
XML processing model, 360–361
schema evolution, 445–469
by appending new child elements to existing elements, 446–454
by authoring for redefinition, 454–465
decentralized change management and, 487–488
derived schemata for, 450–451
derived types for, 446–454
by extending an existing schema, 454–465
inhibiting change, 453
by introducing new elements, 465–467
open content model for, 465–467
schema-conservative techniques, 446
types of changes for, 445
versioning changes, 467–469
schema families (XML Schema) defining using abstract types, 204–209
defining using dangling type definitions, 209–213
defining using substitution groups, 200–204
import clause for, 194–195
include clause for, 191
redefine clause for, 192–193
target namespace and, 180
schema-driven view definition, 479–480
schemaLocation attribute (XML Schema), 191
Schematron, 348–360
assert clause, 352–353
cross-document constraint example, 355–356
diagnostic section, 353
diagnostics attribute, 353
duration constraint example, 354–355
embedding into Relax NG, 359–360
embedding into XML Schema, 357–359
key clause, 353
metamodel, 350
other schema definition languages vs., 360–361
overview, 348–349
pattern clause, 351–352
phase clause, 351
report clause, 352–353
rule clause, 352
Web site, 348
Windows front end, 349
XML processing model and, 360–361
science, document metaphor’s importance for, 4
of AOM assets, 51
of AOM models, 66
of unique clause (XML Schema), 170–171
of XML namespaces, 90
scoped names (Relax NG), 244
scripture, 6–7
nested statements, 417
overview, 416
in relational algebra, 400
in SQL queries, 416
Semantic Object Modeling (SOM), 46
“Semantic Web” activity (W3C), 324
separator categories for pattern constraining facet (XML Schema), 497–498
defining in Relax NG, 217–218
DTD deficiencies, 115
dynamic marshaling and, 389–390
of element children (Relax NG), 216
narrative vs. topical, 8
overview, 8–9
translating repeating sequences from XML Schema into Java, 383–384
translating XML Schema information into Java, 381–383
translating XML Schema into SQL, 426–427
all connector and, 145–146
nesting, 147–148
overview, 143–144
set clause (SQL), 419
set operations in relational algebra, 398
SGML, XML vs., 365
mapping onto OO types, 374–375
overview, 134
SQL SMALLINT type and, 422
sidebars, 12
definitions, 151–152
model, 142
simple data types (XML Schema), 120–139
adding an attribute to an element, 455–456
built-in constructed types, 131–136
built-in primitive types, 121–126
changing, cautions regarding, 465
document instances overriding, 186–188
extending by list, 127–128
foreign keys, 173–176
fundamental facets, 120–121
hierarchy of types, 136
lexical representations and canonical representations, 120
mapping onto OO types, 373–377
mapping onto SQL data types, 421–424
primary keys, 172–173
redefining, 192
references, 173–176
uniqueness, 170–172
user-defined types, 138–139
value space vs. lexical space, 120
for constructed types, 127
example, 119
simplicity of AOM, 70
SOAP (XML Protocol), web services and, 4
society, document metaphor’s importance for, 4
software, increasing complexity of, 4
Software AG’s Tamino X-Node, 433–443
SOM (Semantic Object Modeling), 46
specified indicator property of attributes (XML), 96
hierarchical order in, 9
sequential order in, 8
approximate numeric, 422–423
binary, 422
BOOLEAN, 422
create type command (SQL-99), 420
date and time, 423
deriving tables from (SQL-99), 420–421
exact numeric, 422
extensions, 424
restrictions, 423–424
string, 421
SQL (Standard Query Language), 415–421
alter table command, 418
cascading actions, 431
choice and, 428–430
create command, 418
create type command (SQL-99), 420
deriving tables from types (SQL-99), 420–421
development of, 397
domain constraints, 430–431
drop table command, 418
except operator, 417
general assertions, 431
group by clause, 417
intersect operator, 417
nested select statements, 417
null values, 424
object identifiers (SQL-99), 420–421
order by clause, 416–417
qualified names, 423
queries, 415–417
as RDBMS standard, 397
recursion and, 430
select clause, 416
sequence and, 426–427
set clause, 419
set operations, 417
SQL-99, 419–421
storing URIs, 423
table creation, 418
table modification, 418–419
triggers, 431
type extensions, 424
type restrictions, 423–424
union operator, 417
update command, 419
views, 419
where clause, 416
standalone property of document node (XML), 95
ontologies and, 324
for schema definition languages, 362
as AOM particle or property modifier, 56
as AOM property type modifier, 59
for cardinality constraints for arcs, 53
for cardinality constraints in DTDs, 109
for reversed arcs, 65
in formal grammars, 27
for grammar generating currency amounts, 28
starting set for HRGs, 32
mapping onto OO types, 374
overview, 122
SQL character string types and, 421
structural constraints, 14
as business object, 260
Free Jazz XML document, 253
L2S and, 81
overview, 74
Relax NG, 317–318
XML Schema, 289–290
for business objects, 280–284
context drivers and, 204
context-specific local elements and, 204
defining abstract master schema using, 200–204
for elements, 188–189
protecting elements from, 189–190
schema-conservative evolution not possible with, 446
global types vs. global elements and (XML Schema), 185
notation for, 36
powerset operation replaced by, 34
in regular expressions, 34
substitutionGroup attribute (XML Schema), 188–189
mapping between XML and OO structures and, 370–373
in OO languages, 369–370
of regular types, 38–39
Sun Multi-Schema XML Validator Schematron. See Schematron
Sun’s JAXB, 367
supertypes, derived schemata and, 450–451
symbols, non-terminal. See non-terminal symbols
syntactical (structural) constraints, 14
of DTD information item, 98
of unexpanded entity reference, 97
of unparsed entity, 99
creating in SQL, 416
deriving from types (SQL-99), 420–421
modifying rows with SQL, 419
modifying with SQL, 418–419
nested with SQL-99, 419–420
overview, 397
removing with SQL, 418
translating into XML Schema, 431–433
views across multiple tables with XQuery, 475–479
generic, 39
notation, 36
Tamino X-Node, 433–443
for chameleon schema components, 197–199
declaring, 180
as default namespace, 183
for imported external schema files, 194
for included external schema files, 191
for redefined external schema files, 192
schema files and, 180
target property of processing instructions (XML), 97
in DTDs, 108
labels of AOM assets as, 52
text, XML canonical form for, 101–102
Thalheim, Bernhard, 50
OO languages and, 375–376
overview, 123
SQL types and, 423
overview, 131
SQL and, 421
tool support for Relax NG, 247–248
tree-regular grammars, 33
TREX, 215
triggers (SQL), 431
tuples, 397
type hierarchies. See hierarchy
for jazz knowledge base, complete code, 296–304
for jazz knowledge base, creating, 291–292
inheritance and, 262–265
for jazz knowledge base, complete code, 265–270
for jazz knowledge base, creating, 260–261
standardization and, 191
target namespace for, 197–199
type substitution. See substitution groups (XML Schema)
for AOM models, 66
default for AOM properties, 57
mixing for AOM properties, 57–58
properties, 97
OO languages and, 376
Relax NG, 228
SQL and, 424
combining complex types with, 59
for merging in AOM, 68
for regular expressions, 36
for regular sets, 30
in relational algebra, 398
in SQL queries, 417
unique meaning, as asset type requirement, 77
as deterministic content model, 40
deterministic data types and, 176–178
cross-document, 335
in XML Schema, 327
properties of information item, 98–99
property of document node (XML), 95
unsignedInt built-in constructed data type (XML Schema), 135
mapping onto OO types, 374–375
overview, 135
chameleon schema components and type libraries, 197–199
defining abstract master schema using abstract types, 204–209
defining abstract master schema using dangling type definitions, 209–213
defining abstract master schema using substitution groups, 200–204
user-defined data types (DTD), deficiencies for, 115
fundamental facets and, 120
mapping onto OO types, 376
overview, 138–139
SQL type parameters and, 423–424
declaration in DTDs, 112
local vs. external, 112
UTF-8 encoding, XML canonical form and, 101
valid XML documents, defined, 28
validating cross-document constraints, 336–337
validating general constraints hard-coded constraint checks for, 341–344
Schematron for, 348–360
XSLT for, 344–348
for Relax NG, 248
XML Schema and, 325
constraining facets and, 121
defined, 120
default (Relax NG), 225
default (XML Schema), 150
fixed (Relax NG), 225–226
fixed (XML Schema), 150
normalization (XML), 102
variable notation, 35
verbs, modeling as assets, 73
version property of document node (XML), 95
versioning changes in schemata, 467–468
in BNF notation, 29
in regular set notation, 30
across multiple tables with XQuery, 475–479
schema-driven view definition, 479–480
SQL, 419
visibility in OO languages, 394
“Canonical XML” recommendation, 101
“Semantic Web” activity, 324
“XML Information Set” recommendation, 91
XML Schema recommendation, 117
XML Schema Working Group, 117
“XML-Signature Syntax and Processing” recommendation, 101
Apache, 341
Breeze XML Studio, 367
CASE tools, 337
Castor, 367
EXSLT, 344
JAXB, 367
Jaxen, 341
JaxMe, 367
KLEEN AOM modeling tool, 258
products binding XML and OO structures, 367
Schematron, 348
Software AG, 433
W3C XML Schema recommendation, 117
Windows front end for Schematron, 349
Zeus, 367
well-formed XML documents, defined, 28
where clause (SQL), 416
whitespace, XML canonical form, 102
whiteSpace constraining facet (XML Schema), 130
wildcards (Relax NG). See name classes (Relax NG)
defined, 168
namespaces and, 182–183
processing methods for, 182
Windows front end for Schematron, 349
XDuce, XML data types supported by, 34
bag example, 11–12
canonical form, 101–105
conceptual modeling and, 41
cross-reference example, 13
hierarchical structure example, 10
integer data types, 375
as mainstream technology, 493
meaning and, 324
mediation between databases and RDBMS, 433–444
namespaces, 90–91
OO types vs. XML types, 370–373
parsers, 28
processing model, 360–361
purchase order serialized in, 5
qualified elements, 90–91
representing RDBMS data in XML format, 396
sequential order example, 9
SGML vs., 365
storing data in relational databases, 396–397
XML DTD. See DTD (Document Type Definition)
XML Information Set, 91–101
example, 100–101
metamodel of, 94
OO implementations, 366–367
Relax NG data model based on, 216
table of information items, 92–93
W3C recommendation, 91
XML Schema and, 93
“XML Information Set” recommendation (W3C), 91
XML Protocol, web services and, 4
annotation clause, 195–196
attribute groups, 186
attributes, 159–160
basic constructs, 139
best practice recommendations, 196–213
built-in constructed types, 131–136
built-in primitive types, 121–126
cardinality constraints, 149–150
chameleon schema components, 197–199
complex content definitions, 153–156
complex types, 142–143
constraining facets, 121
default values for attributes, 150
defining schema families, 200–213
deterministic types, 176–178
element definition types, 139
embedding Schematron into, 357–359
empty elements, 156–158
explicit type definition constructor, 34
extending simple types by list, 127–128
fixed values for attributes, 150
fundamental facets, 120–121
global attributes, 161–162
grammar-driven data models and, 492
groups, 185–186
hierarchy of built-in types, 136
hierarchy of data type definitions, 156
hierarchy of element definitions, 139
instance type overriding, 186–188
for integrating core technologies, 492
introduction of, 15
lexical representations and canonical representations, 120
local types, 160–161
as mainstream technology, 493
meaning and, 324
metamodel, 140
mixed content definitions, 150–152
namespaces, 180–184
non-terminal symbols and, 34
nullability, 169–170
outlook for, 491–493
polymorphism and, 389
purchase order document schema example, 17–20
recursion example, 25
recursive structures using global complex types, 165–168
recursive structures using global elements, 162–165
reuse mechanisms, 184–190
root element, 139
schema composition, 190–196
Schematron vs., 360–361
simple content definitions, 152–153
simple data types, 120–139
SQL compatibility, 397
substitution groups, 188–190
translation of DTDs into, 195
usage patterns, 196–213
user-defined types, 138–139
value space vs. lexical space, 120
versioning changes in schemata, 467–468
W3C recommendation, 117
wildcards, 168–169
XML Information Set and, 93
XML Schema implementation for jazz knowledge base, 258–290
business object implementation, 271–277
clusters, 284–287
conceptual model for, 259
cross-references, 277–280
design options, 258
inheritance of types, 262–265
jazzMusician business object, 271–277
style business object, 289–290
substitution groups, 280–284
synopsis of steps for, 318–320
type library, complete code for, 265–270
type library, creating, 260–261
xmlns or xmlns: attributes, namespace declaration using, 90
“XML-Signature Syntax and Processing” recommendation (W3C), 101
advantages as a constraint language, 338
DOM and, 341
limitations, 344
standalone processors, 341
XML Schema unique clause and, 170–171
XQuery and, 444
Experanto for, 444
fragments embedded in schemata, 480–486
for views across multiple tables, 475–479
XSLT transformation for embedded fragments, 483–486
namespaces and, 182–183
processing methods for, 182
namespaces and, 182–183
processing methods for, 182
for empty elements, 157–158
substitution groups and, 201
mapping onto OO types, 376
overview, 126
SQL equivalent function, 423
OO languages and, 374
overview, 126
SQL binary types and, 422
mapping onto OO types, 374
overview, 122
SQL BOOLEAN type and, 422
mapping onto OO types, 374–375
overview, 135
| connector in DTD and, 146
nesting, 147–148
overview, 146–147
OO languages and, 375–376
overview, 124
SQL types and, 423
mapping onto OO types, 374–375
overview, 122
SQL DECIMAL type and, 422
mapping onto OO types, 375
overview, 123
SQL FLOAT type and, 422–423
OO languages and, 375–376
overview, 123
SQL types and, 423
XML Schema declaration for, 138–139
mapping onto OO types, 375
overview, 122
SQL REAL type and, 422–423
OO languages and, 374
overview, 126
SQL binary types and, 422
backward compatibility and, 170
overview, 133
backward compatibility and, 170
overview, 133
mapping onto OO types, 374–375
overview, 134
SQL INTEGER type and, 422
mapping onto OO types, 374–375
overview, 134
mapping onto OO types, 374–375
overview, 134
SQL BIGINT type and, 422
applying stylesheets in XML/Java binding environment, 393
cross-document constraints using, 346–348
duration constraint using, 344–346
version 1.0 limitations, 344
XQuery and, 444
for XQuery fragments embedded in schemata, 483–486
overview, 131
SQL and, 421
mapping onto OO types, 376
overview, 126
SQL equivalent function, 423
nesting, 147–148
overview, 143–144
mapping onto OO types, 374–375
overview, 134
SQL SMALLINT type and, 422
mapping onto OO types, 374
overview, 122
SQL character string types and, 421
OO languages and, 375–376
overview, 123
SQL types and, 423
overview, 131
SQL and, 421
mapping onto OO types, 374–375
overview, 135
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