We've done a lot in this chapter. First, we learned about geocoding in general, including geocoding services and their web APIs. We also discussed how you can interact with web APIs programmatically, from Python, using the requests library. Then, we experimented with a specific API from Nominatim and wrote a thin wrapper function that geocodes any arbitrary address. On top of that, we wrote another function to geocode addresses in bulk that keeps working even if a specific request fails or no location was found for some addresses. We used the built-in csv library both to read data from and write to CSV files. Finally, as the code we used seemed as though it might be useful in the future, we moved it from a notebook into a dedicated Python file, which can be used as a standalone script with its own interface or as a module to import functions from.

In the next chapter, we'll go even further, covering cases when there is no simple API so data has to be scraped from raw HTML pages.