Index
[SYMBOL][A][B][C][D][E][F][G][H][I][J][K][L][M][N][O][P][R][S][T][U][V][W][X][Y][Z]
SYMBOL
; character
: character, 2nd
. character, 2nd
* character, 2nd
/ character
character, 2nd
# character
^ character
| character, 2nd
|| character, 2nd
|| command
A
a2enmod rewrite command, 2nd
absolute path
activating SELinux
--add-service argument
adduser command
administration
automated
of SQL
accessing databases
creating MediaWiki database users
aggregating
files, with find command
monitoring data
alert level
all condition
anacron daemon, scheduling irregular backups with
Ansible automation engine
authentication
installation and setup of
managing passwords in
organizing hosts
passwordless access to hosts
playbooks
multi-tiered, role-powered
running
writing
testing connectivity
Apache web server
installing on CentOS
controlling network traffic
installing MariaDB on CentOS
installing PHP on CentOS
network ports, overview of
installing on Ubuntu
manual setup of
APT (Advanced Package Tool), 2nd
apt search command
apt update command, 2nd
arch command
archivename
archiving
backup locations
benefits of
compression vs.
data backups
images
managing
overview of
partitions with dd command
dd operations
wiping disks with dd
planning considerations
synchronizing with rsync
with tar command
aggregating files with find command
archive and compression examples
extracting archives
preserving ownership
preserving permissions
streaming file system archives
ask-become-pass argument
asterisk character, 2nd
auditing system resources
scanning for active services
scanning for open ports
searching for installed software
authentication
hardening processes
activating SELinux
applying SELinux policies
controlling file system objects with SELinux
installing SELinux
isolating processes within containers
principle of least privilege
scanning for dangerous user ID values
system groups
in Ansible
authentication failure
automated offsite backups, configuring
backing up data to AWS S3
scheduling irregular backups with anacron
scheduling regular backups with cron
scheduling regular backups with systemd timers
scripting with Bash
autoremove command
awk tool, consuming large files with
AWS (Amazon Web Services), 2nd
aws command
AWS S3 (Amazon Simple Storage Service)
as primary Nextcloud storage
backing up data to
creating buckets
installing AWS CLI
configuring AWS accounts
running sync jobs
B
backslash character, 2nd
backups
automated offsite, configuring
backing up data to AWS S3
scripting with Bash
irregular, scheduling with anacron
locations for
of file systems
regular
scheduling with cron
scheduling with systemd timers
bandwidth, measuring
Bash shell, scripting with
backing up system files
changing filenames
block devices
Boot-Repair tool
bootloader
Btrfs type
buckets, 2nd
C
CA (Certificate Authority)
caret character
cat tool
cd command
CentOS operating system
installing Apache web server on
controlling network traffic
network ports, overview of
installing MariaDB on
installing PHP on
installing Tripwire on
rescue mode on
certificates, generating using Let’s Encrypt
checksum value
child shell
chmod command
chown command
chroot operation, mounting file systems with
CIDR (Classless Inter-Domain Routing)
Clean option, Ubuntu
CLI (command-line interface)
client-to-client command
clients
NFS, setting up
OpenVPN
configuring
preparing encryption keys
cloning VirtualBox VMs
for quick starts
managing VMs from command lines
CMS (content management system)
coding
colon character, 2nd
command lines
finding rescue tools
managing VMs from
compression, archiving vs.
configuring
automated offsite backups
backing up data to AWS S3
scheduling irregular backups with anacron
scheduling regular backups with cron
scheduling regular backups with systemd timers
scripting with Bash
AWS accounts
DNS services
fixing
overview of
firewalls
firewalld
recovering locked VMs
ufw
MediaWiki
connecting MediaWiki to database
troubleshooting missing extensions
OpenVPN clients
OpenVPN servers
generating encryption keys
preparing client encryption keys
preparing server for OpenVPN
server.conf file
static addresses
Tripwire
connectivity
inbound, troubleshooting
of Ansible, testing
of networks, establishing
outbound, troubleshooting
scanning external connections with netcat
scanning internal connections with netstat.
See also remote connectivity.
consuming large files
using awk
using grep
using sed
containers
creating
isolating processes within.
See also LXC (Linux Containers).
control machine
copying
file systems
files
files, with SCP
public keys over networks
cp command, 2nd
CPU (central processing unit)
CPU load problems
managing
measuring
simulating
Creator tool
critical conditions
cron
commands
daemon, scheduling regular backups with
CUPS (Common UNIX Printing System)
curl command
cutting, keyboard shortcut for Linux
D
DAC (discretionary access control)
data
backing up, 2nd
encrypting in transit
generating certificates using Let’s Encrypt
preparing website domains
sharing over private networks
through NFS
using symbolic links
with Windows users using Samba
visualizing
database driver
database engine
databases
accessing
connecting MediaWiki to
creating MediaWiki database users
dd command
operations of
partitions with
wiping disks with
ddrescue, recovering files with
Debian package manager, installing VirtualBox for
debug level
deleting
directories
files
deploying scripted server environments
deployment orchestrators, benefits of
dev tun command
DevOps, 2nd
df command, 2nd, 3rd
dhclient
DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol)
differential system
Diffie-Hellman parameters
directories
creating
deleting
disk partition
disks, wiping with dd command
DMZs (demilitarized zones)
benefits of
creating
creating using iptables
creating using Shorewall
interfaces file
policy file
rules file
zones file
design considerations for resistant networks
dnf update command
DNS (domain name system), 2nd
DNS services
configuring
fixing
overview of
DocumentRoot
dot character, 2nd
double pipe character, 2nd
dpkg command
drop-in replacement
Dump program
dynamic IP addresses
Dynamically Allocated option
E
Easy RSA package
EC2 (Elastic Cloud Compute)
emerg level
emergency tools
encryption
generating encryption keys
importance of
multiple encryption keys
of data in transit
generating certificates using Let’s Encrypt
preparing website domains
of NFS
preparing client encryption keys
encryption key
enterprise file sharing, Nextcloud and
error conditions
errors
exit code command
exit command
exportfs command
extensions, missing
extracting archives
F
FHS (Filesystem Hierarchy Standard), 2nd
file globbing
file systems
backups of
controlling objects with SELinux
copying
damaged, recovering files from
using ddrescue
using PhotoRec
in Linux
mounting with chroot
passing parameters via
$FILE variable
filenames, changing
files
aggregating, with find command
copying, 2nd
deleting
enterprise file sharing, Nextcloud and
globbing
large, consuming
using awk
using grep
using sed
moving
networked file sharing
recovering from damaged file systems
using ddrescue
using PhotoRec
sharing through NFS
mounting NFS share at boot time
NFS security
setting up clients
setting up NFS servers
sharing using symbolic links
sharing with Windows users using Samba
accessing Samba servers from Windows
testing Samba configuration
streaming file system archives
find command, 2nd
firewall rules
firewalld tool
firewalls
configuring
firewalld
recovering locked VMs
ufw
NFS rules
FLUSH PRIVILEGES command
folders
forward slash character
Free Tier rights
G
generating
encryption keys
roles in Ansible
test Tripwire reports
globbing files
GParted Live distribution
graphics, remote programs over SSH connections
grep
consuming large files with
GRUB bootloader
GUI (graphical user interface)
H
hard link
hardening
activating SELinux
applying SELinux policies
authentication processes
controlling file system objects with SELinux
installing SELinux
isolating processes within containers
principle of least privilege
scanning for dangerous user ID values
SQL
system groups
HIDS (Host-based Intrusion Detection System), 2nd
host group
hostname command
HTML (Hypertext Markup Language)
HTTP (Hypertext Transfer Protocol)
hypervisors, 2nd
I
iftop command
images
archiving
live-boot, writing to USB drives
managing
system rescue images
Boot-Repair
GParted Live
SystemRescueCd
-iname flag
incremental system
infrastructure
overview
testing
inode data structure, limits
inodes, 2nd
install command
installing
Ansible
organizing Ansible hosts
passwordless access to hosts
testing connectivity
Apache web server
on CentOS
on Ubuntu
AWS CLI
MariaDB on CentOS
MediaWiki
connecting MediaWiki to database
troubleshooting missing extensions
Nextcloud
manually
using snaps
operating systems, for VirtualBox VM
PHP
on CentOS
on Ubuntu
testing PHP installation
SELinux
SQL databases
hardening SQL
SQL administration
Tripwire
on CentOS
on Ubuntu
VirtualBox
for Debian package manager
for RPM package manager
interfaces file
intrusion detection, monitoring with
configuring Tripwire
generating test Tripwire reports
installing Tripwire
setting up mail servers
ip addr command, 2nd, 3rd, 4th
IP addresses
assigning
configuring static addresses
requesting dynamic addresses
ip command
iptables, 2nd
isolating processes, within containers
J
journalctl command
journald
logging with
managing log files with
jump server
K
kernel modules
finding
managing peripherals with
manually loading
kernel object
kernel parameters
manually managing at boot time
passing parameters at boot time
passing parameters via file system
keyboard shortcuts
cutting and pasting
tab completion
keys
encryption
for clients, preparing
generating
multiple
generating new pairs of
public, copying over networks
killall command
killall yes command
ksh interpreter
L
-l argument
LAMP servers, building
LDAP (Lightweight Directory Access Protocol)
Let’s Encrypt certificate authority
Linux OS
file management tools
copying and moving files
creating and deleting directories
deleting files
file globbing
file system
getting help
from internet
info
man files
kernel modules
finding
managing peripherals with
manually loading
keyboard shortcuts
cutting and pasting
tab completion
navigation tools
overview of
package managers
pseudo file systems
sudo
virtualization
vs. other operating systems
working environments, building
list block devices
live boot image
live-boot recovery drives
building
system rescue images
writing live-boot images to USB drives
damaged partitions
recovering files from damaged file systems
using ddrescue
using PhotoRec
testing system memory
load balancer
loading kernel modules, manually
log entry
log rotation
logging, 2nd
consuming large log files
using awk
using grep
using sed
managing
with journald
with syslogd
monitoring logs with intrusion detection
configuring Tripwire
generating test Tripwire reports
installing Tripwire
setting up mail servers
system logs
logging with journald
logging with syslogd
with journald
with syslogd
loop
loop device
loopback interface
lp tool
ls command
lshw command
lsmod command, 2nd
lspci command, 2nd
lsusb command
LXC (Linux Containers), 2nd
creating containers
overview of
lxc command
lxc-attach command
M
MAC (mandatory access control)
mail servers, 2nd
man files
man selinux
man shorewall- command
MariaDB system, installing on CentOS
mb command
MBR (Master Boot Record), 2nd
MediaWiki wiki package
building servers
connecting to databases
creating database users
installing and configuring
troubleshooting missing extensions
memory
problems with
assessing memory status
assessing swap status
testing
Metadata
microservices
modprobe command
monitoring
aggregating data, tools for
systems
tools for
with intrusion detection
configuring Tripwire
generating test Tripwire reports
installing Tripwire
setting up mail servers
more command
mount command, 2nd
mount point
mounting
file systems using chroot
NFS share at boot time
moving files
myBackupJob
mysql command
N
nano command
NAS (network-attached storage)
NAT addressing
overview of
working with
NAT network
natnetwork add command
natnetwork start command
navigation tools
netcat tool
netfilters
netmask
netstat tool, 2nd
network adapter
network ports
network socket
network traffic throttling
networks
accessing networked machines
controlling access to
configuring firewalls
nonstandard ports
copying public keys over
defining routes
infrastructure
intrusion-resistant, building
DMZs
iptables
load problems
measuring bandwidth
shaping network traffic with tc
solutions to
networked file sharing
private, sharing data over
securing connections to
sniffing
tracking down status of
traffic
controlling
shaping with tc
troubleshooting
establishing network connectivity
TCP/IP addressing
troubleshooting inbound connectivity
troubleshooting outbound connectivity
Nextcloud platform
administering
AWS S3 as primary storage
building file-sharing servers
downloading
enterprise file sharing and
installing manually
building LAMP servers
configuring Apache
hardware prerequisites for
installing using snaps
unpacking
NFS (Network File System)
mounting share at boot time
security of
encryption
firewall rules
setting up clients
setting up servers
sharing files through
NIC (network interface card)
nice command, 2nd
NIDS (network-based intrusion detection system), 2nd
nmap command
nodes
non-admin command
nonstandard ports
choosing port numbers
configuring ufw firewalls to allow traffic through
notice level
$NOW variable
O
occ command
offsite backups
automated, configuring
backing up data to AWS S3
scheduling irregular backups with anacron
scheduling regular backups with cron
scheduling regular backups with systemd timers
scripting with Bash
one-file-system argument
open source
OpenSSH suite
OpenVPN protocol
building tunnel
configuring clients
configuring servers
configuring server.conf file
generating encryption keys
preparing client encryption keys
preparing servers for
operating systems, installing for VirtualBox VM
orchestration deployment tools
OS (operating system), 2nd
ownership, 2nd
P
package dependencies
package-cleanup command
packet
packet sniffer
parent shell
partitioning, with dd command
dd operations
wiping disks with dd
partitions, damaged, 2nd
passphrase
passwords
in Ansible, managing
password-free SSH access
copying public keys over networks
generating new key pairs
with multiple encryption keys
pasting, keyboard shortcut for
PCI (Peripheral Component Interconnect)
performance, troubleshooting
CPU load problems
memory problems
monitoring tools
network load problems
storage availability problems
peripheral devices
managing with Linux kernel modules
finding kernel modules
manually loading kernel modules
troubleshooting
identifying attached devices
managing printers
manually managing kernel parameters at boot time
permissions, 2nd
PhotoRec software, recovering files with
PHP scripting language
installing
on CentOS
on Ubuntu
testing installation
phpinfo command
PID (process ID)
pipe character, 2nd
PKI (public key infrastructure)
plain text
playbooks, in Ansible
creating
managing passwords in Ansible
running
writing
policy file
ports
nonstandard
choosing port numbers
configuring ufw firewall to allow traffic
open, scanning for.
See also network ports.
principle of least privilege, 2nd, 3rd
printers, managing
basics of lp
using CUPS
priorities, setting with nice
private networks, sharing files over
through NFS
using symbolic links
with Windows users using Samba
process management
viewing processes with ps command
with systemd
pseudo file systems, 2nd
pstree command
public keys, copying over networks
PuTTY
R
-r argument
RAM (random access memory)
record
recovery
building devices for
of locked VMs.
See also live-boot recovery drives; ; system recovery devices.
recovery/rescue mode
finding command-line rescue tools
GRUB bootloader
on CentOS
on Ubuntu
registered ports
relational database
--reload argument
remote clients
remote connectivity
copying files with SCP
encryption, importance of
logging in to remote servers with SSH
OpenSSH
password-free SSH access
copying public keys over networks
generating new key pairs
with multiple encryption keys
process management
viewing processes with ps command
with systemd
remote graphics programs over SSH connections
remote hosts
renice command
reserved word
rm command
rmdir command
ro command
roles, in Ansible
root argument
root_squash command
RPM package manager, installing VirtualBox for
RSA algorithm
rsync algorithm, synchronizing with
rules file
run level, setting
rw command
S
S3 (Simple Storage Solution)
Samba suite
accessing servers from Windows
sharing files with Windows users using
testing configuration of
SAN (storage area network)
scanning
external connections with netcat
for active services
for dangerous user ID values
for open ports
internal connections with netstat
scheduling
irregular backups
regular backups
with cron
with systemd timers
SCP (Secure Copy protocol), copying files with
scp command, 2nd
scripted server environments, deploying
scripting, with Bash
backing up system files
changing filenames
securing
NFS
encryption
firewall rules
web servers
auditing system resources
controlling network access
encrypting data in transit
hardening authentication processes
security, 2nd, 3rd
sed stream editor
SELinux module
activating
applying policies
controlling file system objects with
installing
selinux-activate command
semicolon character
server configuration, Samba
server.conf file, configuring
servers
MediaWiki, building
Nextcloud file-sharing servers, building, 2nd
NFS, setting up
preparing for OpenVPN
remote, logging in to with SSH
Samba, accessing from Windows.
See also mail servers; ; web servers.
service files
sestatus command
sharing
files through NFS
mounting NFS share at boot time
NFS security
setting up clients
setting up NFS servers
files using symbolic links
files with Windows users using Samba
accessing Samba servers from Windows
testing Samba configuration
VirtualBox VMs
Shorewall tool, creating DMZs
interfaces file
policy file
rules file
zones file
simulating CPU load
snap find command
snap install nextcloud command
snaps, installing Nextcloud with
software repository
software, installed, searching for
sort function
SQL (Structured Query Language), 2nd
administration of
databases
accessing
installing
hardening
SSH (Secure Shell protocol)
logging in to remote servers with
password-free access
copying public keys over networks
generating new key pairs
with multiple encryption keys
remote graphics programs over SSH connections.
See also OpenSSH suite.
ssh-keygen command, 2nd
staging environments
standard output
stat command
static IP addresses
storage
availability problems
inode limits
solution for
AWS S3 as primary for Nextcloud
streaming file system archives
string
su command
sudo program
swap memory
swap status, assessing
symbolic links, 2nd, 3rd, 4th
symlinks links
sync command
synchronizing with rsync
syslogd daemon
logging with
managing log files with
system groups
system logs
error information from
logging with journald
logging with syslogd
system recovery devices
building
live-boot recovery drives
building
damaged partitions
recovering files from damaged file systems
testing system memory
mounting file systems using chroot, 2nd
recovery/rescue mode
finding command-line rescue tools
recovery mode on Ubuntu
rescue mode on CentOS
system rescue images
Boot-Repair
GParted Live
SystemRescueCd
system resources, auditing
scanning for active services
scanning for open ports
searching for installed software
system timer
systemctl command, 2nd, 3rd
systemd program
process management with
timers, scheduling regular backups with
SystemRescueCd
systems, monitoring
T
tab completion, 2nd
tar command, 2nd, 3rd
aggregating files with find command
archive and compression examples
extracting archives
preserving ownership
preserving permissions
streaming file system archives
tc utility
TCP (Transmission Control Protocol), 2nd
TCP/IP addressing
testing
Ansible connectivity
configuration of Samba
generating test Tripwire reports
infrastructure, building virtual network for
PHP installation
system memory
VPNs
network infrastructure
network sniffing
testparm command
text stream filter
TLS (Transport Layer Security) protocol
toolkit
touch command
Traceroute command
traffic shaping
Tripwire tool
configuring
generating test reports
installing
on CentOS
on Ubuntu
troubleshooting
inbound connectivity
external connection scanning with netcat
internal connection scanning with netstat
missing extensions
networks
establishing network connectivity
TCP/IP addressing
outbound connectivity
assigning IP addresses
configuring DNS services
tracking down status of networks
using Traceroute
peripheral devices
identifying attached devices
managing peripherals with Linux kernel modules
managing printers
manually managing kernel parameters at boot time
system performance
CPU load problems
memory problems
monitoring tools
network load problems
storage availability problems
tunnels, VPN
U
Ubuntu operating system
installing Apache web server on
installing PHP on
installing Tripwire on
recovery mode on
UDP (User Datagram Protocol), 2nd
ufw (UncomplicatedFirewall)
ufw delete 2 command
ufw enable command
ufw status command
UncomplicatedFirewall, Ubuntu
unpacking Nextcloud
unregistered ports
update command
URL (uniform resource locator)
USB drives, writing live-boot images to
user IDs, scanning for dangerous values
usermod command
utilization, CPU
V
variable
vboxmanage clonevm
verbose argument
VirtualBox application
cloning VMs
for quick starts
managing from command lines
defining VMs
installing for Debian package manager
installing for RPM package manager
installing operating systems
Linux package managers
sharing VMs
virtualization, 2nd
overview of
with LXC
creating containers
overview of
with VirtualBox
cloning VirtualBox VMs
defining VMs
installing operating systems
Linux package managers
sharing VirtualBox VMs
visualizing data
VMs (virtual machines)
cloning for quick starts
defining
locked, recovering
managing from command lines
VirtualBox VMs
cloning
sharing
VMware
VPNs (virtual private networks)
building OpenVPN tunnel
configuring OpenVPN clients
configuring OpenVPN servers
creating
testing
network infrastructure
network sniffing
W
warn level
web servers
building LAMP server
installing and configuring MediaWiki
connecting MediaWiki to database
troubleshooting missing extensions
installing Apache web server on CentOS
controlling network traffic
installing MariaDB on CentOS
installing PHP on CentOS
network ports, overview of
installing PHP
on Ubuntu
testing installation
installing SQL databases
hardening SQL
SQL administration
manually setting up Apache web servers
installing Apache web servers on Ubuntu
populating website document roots
securing, 2nd
auditing system resources
controlling network access
encrypting data in transit
hardening authentication processes.
See servers.
websites
populating website document roots
preparing domains
wget command
while loop
Windows
accessing Samba servers from
sharing files with users using Samba
wireless LAN
X
X11 forwarding, 2nd
xdev function
Y
YAML-formatted file
yum update