CHAPTER 6 Performing a Risk Assessment
by Darril Gibson,
Andy Igonor
Managing Risk in Information Systems, 3rd Edition
- Cover
- Title Page
- Copyright Page
- Brief Contents
- Contents
- Dedication
- Preface
- Acknowledgments
- About the Authors
- CHAPTER 1 Risk Management Fundamentals
- CHAPTER 2 Managing Risk: Threats, Vulnerabilities, and Exploits
- CHAPTER 3 Understanding and Maintaining Compliance
- U.S. Compliance Laws
- Regulations Related to Compliance
- Organizational Policies for Compliance
- Standards and Guidelines for Compliance
- Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard
- National Institute of Standards and Technology
- Generally Accepted Information Security Principles
- Control Objectives for Information and Related Technology
- International Organization for Standardization
- International Electrotechnical Commission
- Information Technology Infrastructure Library
- Capability Maturity Model Integration
- General Data Protection Regulation
- Department of Defense Information Assurance Certification and Accreditation Process
- CHAPTER SUMMARY
- KEY CONCEPTS AND TERMS
- CHAPTER 3 ASSESSMENT
- CHAPTER 4 Developing a Risk Management Plan
- Objectives of a Risk Management Plan
- Scope of a Risk Management Plan
- Assigning Responsibilities
- Describing Procedures and Schedules for Accomplishment
- Reporting Requirements
- Plan of Action and Milestones
- Charting the Progress of a Risk Management Plan
- Steps of the NIST Risk Management Framework
- CHAPTER SUMMARY
- KEY CONCEPTS AND TERMS
- CHAPTER 4 ASSESSMENT
- CHAPTER 5 Defining Risk Assessment Approaches
- CHAPTER 6 Performing a Risk Assessment
- Selecting a Risk Assessment Methodology
- Identifying the Management Structure
- Identifying Assets and Activities Within Risk Assessment Boundaries
- Identifying and Evaluating Relevant Threats
- Identifying and Evaluating Relevant Vulnerabilities
- Identifying and Evaluating Controls
- Selecting a Methodology Based on Assessment Needs
- Developing Mitigating Recommendations
- Presenting Risk Assessment Results
- Best Practices for Performing Risk Assessments
- CHAPTER SUMMARY
- KEY CONCEPTS AND TERMS
- CHAPTER 6 ASSESSMENT
- CHAPTER 7 Identifying Assets and Activities to Be Protected
- System Access and Availability
- System Functions: Manual and Automated
- Hardware Assets
- Software Assets
- Personnel Assets
- Data and Information Assets
- Asset and Inventory Management Within the Seven Domains of a Typical IT Infrastructure
- Identifying Facilities and Supplies Needed to Maintain Business Operations
- CHAPTER SUMMARY
- KEY CONCEPTS AND TERMS
- CHAPTER 7 ASSESSMENT
- CHAPTER 8 Identifying and Analyzing Threats, Vulnerabilities, and Exploits
- Threat Assessments
- Vulnerability Assessments
- Review of Documentation
- Review of System Logs, Audit Trails, and Intrusion Detection and Prevention System Outputs
- Vulnerability Scans and Other Assessment Tools
- Audits and Personnel Interviews
- Process Analysis and Output Analysis
- System Testing
- Best Practices for Performing Vulnerability Assessments Within the Seven Domains of a Typical IT Infrastructure
- Exploit Assessments
- CHAPTER SUMMARY
- KEY CONCEPTS AND TERMS
- CHAPTER 8 ASSESSMENT
- CHAPTER 9 Identifying and Analyzing Risk Mitigation Security Controls
- CHAPTER 10 Planning Risk Mitigation Throughout an Organization
- Where Should an Organization Start with Risk Mitigation?
- What Is the Scope of Risk Management for an Organization?
- Understanding and Assessing the Impact of Legal and Compliance Issues on an Organization
- Translating Legal and Compliance Implications for an Organization
- Assessing the Impact of Legal and Compliance Implications on the Seven Domains of a Typical IT Infrastructure
- Assessing How Security Countermeasures, Controls, and Safeguards Can Assist With Risk Mitigation
- Understanding the Operational Implications of Legal and Compliance Requirements
- Identifying Risk Mitigation and Risk Reduction Elements for the Entire Organization
- Performing a Cost-Benefit Analysis
- Best Practices for Planning Risk Mitigation Throughout an Organization
- CHAPTER SUMMARY
- KEY CONCEPTS AND TERMS
- CHAPTER 10 ASSESSMENT
- CHAPTER 11 Turning a Risk Assessment into a Risk Mitigation Plan
- Reviewing the Risk Assessment for the IT Infrastructure
- Translating a Risk Assessment into a Risk Mitigation Plan
- Prioritizing Risk Elements That Require Risk Mitigation
- Verifying Risk Elements and How They Can Be Mitigated
- Performing a Cost-Benefit Analysis on the Identified Risk Elements
- Implementing a Risk Mitigation Plan
- Following Up on the Risk Mitigation Plan
- Best Practices for Enabling a Risk Mitigation Plan from the Risk Assessment
- CHAPTER SUMMARY
- KEY CONCEPTS AND TERMS
- CHAPTER 11 ASSESSMENT
- CHAPTER 12 Mitigating Risk with a Business Impact Analysis
- What Is a Business Impact Analysis?
- Defining the Scope of the Business Impact Analysis
- Objectives of a Business Impact Analysis
- Steps of a Business Impact Analysis Process
- Identifying Mission-Critical Business Functions and Processes
- Mapping Business Functions and Processes to IT Systems
- Best Practices for Performing a BIA for an Organization
- CHAPTER SUMMARY
- KEY CONCEPTS AND TERMS
- CHAPTER 12 ASSESSMENT
- CHAPTER 13 Mitigating Risk with a Business Continuity Plan
- CHAPTER 14 Mitigating Risk with a Disaster Recovery Plan
- CHAPTER 15 Mitigating Risk with a Computer Incident Response Team Plan
- APPENDIX A Answer Key
- APPENDIX B Standard Acronyms
- Glossary of Key Terms
- References
- Index
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Performing a Risk Assessment |
CHAPTER |
RISK ASSESSMENT IS SYNONYMOUS with risk analysis. It is the process of identifying risks to the operations of a business. Such risks include assets, people, technology, and operations, such as the mission, functions, and reputation of the business. The National Institute of Standards and Technology’s (NIST’s) Special Publication (SP) 800-53 provides risk management guidelines that include risk assessment, threat and vulnerability analysis, and security controls that serve to mitigate risks.
Several steps must be taken to perform a risk assessment. The first step is to clearly define what will be assessed, which involves describing the system. Data is then collected to identify the threats and vulnerabilities, which helps to identify the risks. Next, controls, or countermeasures, to mitigate the risks are identified, and in-place and planned controls are evaluated. The final step of performing the risk assessment is to evaluate and recommend additional controls. These recommendations should be supported with a cost-benefit analysis (CBA).
Chapter 6 Topics
This chapter covers the following topics and concepts:
- What to consider when selecting a risk assessment methodology
- How to identify the management structure
- How to identify assets and activities
- How to identify and evaluate relevant threats
- How to identify and evaluate relevant vulnerabilities
- How to identify and evaluate controls
- How to select a methodology based on the assessment needs
- How to develop mitigating recommendations
- What presenting risk assessment results entails
- What the best practices for performing risk assessments are
Chapter 6 Goals
When you complete this chapter, you will be able to:
- Select an appropriate risk assessment methodology
- Define the operational characteristics and mission of the system to be assessed
- State the importance of reviewing previous findings and status
- Describe the relevance of a management structure to a risk assessment
- Identify the types of assets to include in a risk assessment
- List steps to identify and evaluate threats
- List actions to identify and evaluate vulnerabilities
- List actions to identify and evaluate controls
- Describe the difference between in-place and planned controls
- Describe the process used to assess threats, vulnerabilities, and exploits
- Describe the process used to develop mitigation recommendations
- Describe the results of a risk assessment
- List best practices for performing risk assessments
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