The -eq (equal to) and -ne (not equal to) operators perform exact (and, by default, case-insensitive) comparisons. For example, the following returns true:
1 -eq 1 'string' -eq 'string' [char]'a' -eq 'A' $true -eq 1 $false -eq 0
Similarly, -ne (not equal) will return true for each of these:
20 -ne 100 'this' -ne 'that' $false -ne 'false'