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by Shiban Kishen Koul, G.S. Karthikeya
Millimeter Wave Antennas for 5G Mobile Terminals and Base Stations
Cover
Half Title
Title Page
Copyright Page
Dedication
Table of Contents
Preface
About the Authors
Abbreviations
1. Introduction
1.1 Need for Millimeter Waves
1.2 Antennas for Cellular Communications
1.3 Contrast between 4G and 5G Architectures
1.4 Antenna Designs for mmWave 5G Mobile Terminals and Base Stations
1.4.1 Antennas for Mobile Terminals
1.4.2 Antennas for Base Stations
1.5 Antennas beyond 5G
1.6 Outline of the Book
References
2. Conformal Antennas for Mobile Terminals
2.1 Introduction
2.2 Typical Requirements for Mobile Antennas
2.3 CPW-fed Wideband Corner Bent Antenna for 5G Mobile Terminals
2.3.1 CPW-fed Wideband Antenna
2.3.2 CPW-fed Corner Bent Antenna
2.3.3 CPW-fed Corner Bent Antenna with Reflector
2.4 A wideband High Gain Conformal Antenna for mmWave 5G Smartphones
2.5 Design Guidelines for CPW-fed Conformal Antennas at Ka Band
2.6 Conclusion
References
3. Flexible Antennas for Mobile Terminals
3.1 Introduction
3.2 Overview of Flexible Substrates for mmWave Applications
3.3 Corner Bent Patch Antenna for Portrait Mode
3.4 Corner Bent Tapered Slot Antenna for Landscape Mode
3.5 Dielectric Loaded Polycarbonate-Based Vivaldi Antenna
3.6 Conclusion
References
4. Compact Antennas with Pattern Diversity
4.1 Introduction
4.2 CPW-fed Conformal Folded Dipole with Pattern Diversity
4.2.1 CPW-Fed Folded Dipole
4.2.2 Conformal Folded Dipole Backed by Reflector
4.3 Conformal Antennas with Pattern Diversity
4.3.1 Mobile Terminal Usage Modes
4.3.2 Conformal Patch Antenna
4.3.3 Conformal Tapered Slot Antenna
4.3.4 Conformal TSA with Parasitic Ellipse
4.3.5 Conformal Pattern Diversity
4.4 Case Studies: Measurement in a Typical Indoor Environment
4.5 Conclusion
References
5. Pattern Diversity Antennas for Base Stations
5.1 Introduction
5.2 Pattern Diversity of Path Loss Compensated Antennas for 5G Base Stations
5.2.1 mmWave Tapered Slot Antenna
5.2.2 Dielectric and Metamaterial Loaded TSA
5.2.3 Pattern Diversity
5.3 Path Loss Compensated Pattern Diversity Antennas with 3D Printed Radome
5.3.1 3D Printed Radome for a Patch Antenna
5.3.2 Pattern Diversity with 3D Printed Radome
5.4 Path Loss Compensated Module with Progressive Offset ZIM
5.4.1 Central Element: Tapered Slot Antenna
5.4.2 Spatially Modulated ZIM Loaded Antenna
5.4.3 Stacked Pattern Diversity
5.5 Path Loss Compensated Quasi-Reflector Module
5.6 Design Guidelines for High Aperture Efficiency Antenna
5.7 Case Studies: Measurement in a Typical Indoor Environment
5.8 Conclusion
References
6. Shared Aperture Antenna with Pattern Diversity for Base Stations
6.1 Introduction
6.2 Shared Aperture Antenna
6.3 DPZIM Design and Characterization
6.4 Shared Aperture Antenna with DPZIM
6.5 Design Guidelines for High-Gain Dual-Polarized Antenna Module
6.6 Conclusion
References
7. Co-Design of 4G LTE and mmWave 5G Antennas for Mobile Terminals
7.1 Introduction
7.2 Miniaturization Techniques for Antenna Size Reduction
7.3 Conformal 4G LTE MIMO Antenna Design
7.3.1 CRLH-Based Conformal 4G LTE Antenna
7.3.2 Compact CRLH-Based Conformal 4G LTE MIMO Antenna
7.4 Conformal mmWave 5G MIMO Antenna
7.5 Corner Bent Integrated Design of 4G LTE and mmWave 5G Antennas
7.5.1 4G LTE Antenna Design
7.5.2 mmWave 5G Antenna Design
7.5.3 Co-Designed Corner Bent 4G LTE and mmWave 5G MIMO Antennas
7.6 Case Study: Co-Design of 4G and 5G Antennas in a Smartphone
7.7 Conclusion
References
8. Corner Bent Phased Array for 5G Mobile Terminals
8.1 Introduction
8.2 Phased Array Designs for mmWave Frequencies
8.3 Need for Corner Bent Phased Array
8.4 Corner Bent Phased Array on Polycarbonate
8.5 Design Guidelines for a Phased Array at Ka Band
8.6 Conclusion
References
9. Fabrication and Measurement Challenges at mmWaves
9.1 Introduction
9.2 Fabrication Process and Associated Tolerances
9.3 S-parameter Measurements
9.4 Pattern Measurements and Sources of Error
9.5 Gain Measurements
9.6 Conclusion
References
10. Research Avenues in Antenna Designs for 5G and beyond
10.1 Introduction
10.2 PCB-Based Antenna Designs for 5G Cellular Devices
10.3 Application of Additive Manufacturing for Antennas
10.3.1 A Dual Band mmWave Antenna on 3D Printed Substrate
10.4 On-Chip Antennas for CMOS Circuitry
10.4.1 A Wideband CPS-Fed Dipole on Silicon
10.5 Optically Transparent Antennas
10.6 Conclusion
References
Appendices
Appendix A: Hints for Simulations in Ansys HFSS
A.1 Modelling
Appendix B: Measurement Issues with End-Launch Connector
Appendix C: Material Parameters’ Extraction Using S-parameters
Appendix D: Useful MATLAB Codes
References
Index
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