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Dedication
by Adrian Kitai
Principles of Solar Cells, LEDs and Related Devices, 2nd Edition
Cover
Dedication
Introduction
Acknowledgements
Chapter 1: Introduction to Quantum Mechanics
1.1 Introduction
1.2 The Classical Electron
1.3 Two Slit Electron Experiment
1.4 The Photoelectric Effect
1.5 Wave Packets and Uncertainty
1.6 The Wavefunction
1.7 The Schrödinger Equation
1.8 The Electron in a One‐Dimensional Well
1.9 Electron Transmission and Reflection at Potential Energy Step
1.10 Expectation Values
1.11 Spin
1.12 The Pauli Exclusion Principle
1.13 Summary
Further Reading
Problems
Chapter 2: Semiconductor Physics
2.1 Introduction
2.2 The Band Theory of Solids
2.3 Bloch Functions
2.4 The Kronig–Penney Model
2.5 The Bragg Model
2.6 Effective Mass
2.7 Number of States in a Band
2.8 Band Filling
2.9 Fermi Energy and Holes
2.10 Carrier Concentration
2.11 Semiconductor Materials
2.12 Semiconductor Band Diagrams
2.13 Direct Gap and Indirect Gap Semiconductors
2.14 Extrinsic Semiconductors
2.15 Carrier Transport in Semiconductors
2.16 Equilibrium and Non‐Equilibrium Dynamics
2.17 Carrier Diffusion and the Einstein Relation
2.18 Quasi‐Fermi Energies
2.19 The Diffusion Equation
2.20 Traps and Carrier Lifetimes
2.21 Alloy Semiconductors
2.22 Summary
References
Further Reading
Problems
Chapter 3: The p–n Junction Diode
3.1 Introduction
3.2 Diode Current
3.3 Contact Potential
3.4 The Depletion Approximation
3.5 The Diode Equation
3.6 Reverse Breakdown and the Zener Diode
3.7 Tunnel Diodes
3.8 Generation/Recombination Currents
3.9 Metal–Semiconductor Junctions
3.10 Heterojunctions
3.11 Alternating Current (AC) and Transient Behaviour
3.12 Summary
Further Reading
Problems
Chapter 4: Photon Emission and Absorption
4.1 Introduction to Luminescence and Absorption
4.2 Physics of Light Emission
4.3 Simple Harmonic Radiator
4.4 Quantum Description
4.5 The Exciton
4.6 Two‐Electron Atoms
4.7 Molecular Excitons
4.8 Band‐to‐Band Transitions
4.9 Photometric Units
4.10 Summary
References
Further Reading
Problems
Chapter 5: p–n Junction Solar Cells
5.1 Introduction
5.2 Light Absorption
5.3 Solar Radiation
5.4 Solar Cell Design and Analysis
5.5 Thin Solar Cells, G = 0 = 0
5.6 Thin Solar Cells, G > 0 > 0
5.7 Solar Cell Generation as a Function of Depth
5.8 Surface Recombination Reduction
5.9 Solar Cell Efficiency
5.10 Silicon Solar Cell Technology: Wafer Preparation
5.11 Silicon Solar Cell Technology: Solar Cell Finishing
5.12 Silicon Solar Cell Technology: Advanced Production Methods
5.13 Thin‐Film Solar Cells: Amorphous Silicon
5.14 Telluride/Selenide/Sulphide Thin‐Film Solar Cells
5.15 High‐efficiency Multi‐junction Solar Cells
5.16 Concentrating Solar Systems
5.17 Summary
References
Further Reading
Problems
Chapter 6: Light‐Emitting Diodes
6.1 Introduction
6.2 LED Operation and Device Structures
6.3 Emission Spectrum
6.4 Non‐radiative Recombination
6.5 Optical Outcoupling
6.6 GaAs LEDs
6.7 GaAs1−x P x LEDs
6.8 Double Heterojunction Al x Ga1−x As LEDs
6.9 AlGaInP LEDs
6.10 Ga1−x In x N LEDs
6.11 LED Structures for Enhanced Outcoupling and High Lumen Output
6.12 Summary
References
Further Reading
Problems
Chapter 7: Organic Semiconductors, OLEDs, and Solar Cells
7.1 Introduction to Organic Electronics
7.2 Conjugated Systems
7.3 Polymer OLEDs
7.4 Small‐Molecule OLEDs
7.5 Anode Materials
7.6 Cathode Materials
7.7 Hole Injection Layer
7.8 Electron Injection Layer
7.9 Hole Transport Layer
7.10 Electron Transport Layer
7.11 Light‐Emitting Material Processes
7.12 Host Materials
7.13 Fluorescent Dopants
7.14 Phosphorescent and Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescence Dopants
7.15 Organic Solar Cells
7.16 Organic Solar Cell Materials
7.17 Summary
References
Further Reading
Problems
Chapter 8: Junction Transistors
8.1 Introduction
8.2 Bipolar Junction Transistor
8.3 Junction Field‐Effect Transistor
8.4 BJT and JFET Symbols and Applications
8.5 Summary
Further Reading
Problems
Appendix 1: Physical Constants
Appendix 2: Derivation of the Uncertainty Principle
Appendix 3: Derivation of Group Velocity
Appendix 4: The Boltzmann Distribution Function
Appendix 5: Properties of Semiconductor Materials
Index
End User License Agreement
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Introduction
Dedication
Dedicated to my wife Tomoko
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