Index

AAC, 279

accelerate, acceleration, 44, 48

access, 41–49, 54

acquisition, 46, 49, 266, 278, 280

adaptive array, 58

adaptive differential pulse code modulation (ADPCM), 141, 147, 153

algorithm, 41–42, 47–51, 54

algorithm domains, 327–328

allocation, 42, 46, 48–49

ALU, 20

AM, 253, 254, 279, 280

analysis-by-synthesis, 139, 140, 143–145, 151

antenna, 42

array, 85

fixed beam, 58

ARIT Designer tool, 294

architecture, 41, 46, 48–54

ARM, 131, 132

ASIC, 44, 46, 48, 54

backplane, 43

bandwidth, 44, 50, 52, 255, 260, 262, 263, 273, 280, 281

baseband, 42, 43, 53

basestation, 41–55

biometric, 217

ability to acquire, 229

accuracy, 229

system reference architecture, 233

testing, 231

user identification, 217

Bit Error Rate, 254, 256, 270

BLAST (Bell labs LAyered Space Time), 87

blind adaptation, 65, 71

blind adaptive detection, 89

Bluetooth, 5, 6

capacity, 41–42, 52

Capacity Unit (CU), 269

CardVM, 132

cellular, 41

centralized control, 340

centralized modem architecture, 32

channel, 41–55

channel capacity, 86, 87

channel coding, 138, 146–148, 152, 155

chip, 44, 45, 47, 54

chip-rate, CR, 44, 46–49, 53, 54

Cholesky factor, 68, 70

code division multiple access (CDMA), 149–153, 156, 157

Code Division Multiple Access, CDMA, 41–44, 46, 48, 52, 54

code excited linear prediction (CELP), 143–145, 147, 148, 150–153, 156, 157

algebraic CELP (ACELP), 145, 147, 148, 150–153, 156

codeword, 49, 52

coherence bandwidth, 62, 63

coherent and non-coherent accumulation, 45, 47, 52, 53

command, 54

communication vs. computation tradeoff, 313

complex baseband, 59

configuration state, 331, 333, 338

constant modulus (CM), 90

Constant Modulus Algorithm (CMA), 72, 73

constrained minimum output energy (CMOE), 89

control of architecture, 43, 45–53

convolutional code, 259, 269

coprocessor, 33, 41, 42, 45–52, 55

correlation, 41–42, 44–45, 47–48, 52–54

Correlator coprocessor (CCP), 48–49, 52–54

crossbar network, 334

CVM, 132

cyclic prefix, 257, 266

cyclostationarity, 75

DAB, 253, 254, 255, 280

data aggregation algorithm, 319–320

data auto-correlation matrix, 67

data-driven execution, 341

dataflow graph, 331

decoder, 41–;42, 47–52, 54

decoding, 261, 266, 269, 270, 274, 276, 277, 278, 281, 285

decoupled Capacity, 79

Delay Locked Loop (DLL), 45, 46, 53–54

demodulation, 264, 266, 267, 268, 269, 274, 275, 277, 280, 281, 285

despreader, 42, 44–49

Digital Baseband Platform, 16

Direct Memory Access (DMA, EDMA), 41–44, 46, 48, 50–52, 54

discontinuous transmission (DTX), 146, 148, 150, 152

Discrete cosine transform, 20

distributed arithmetic, 323

distributed control, 330, 339

distributed modem architecture, 33

DoCoMo, 43

domain-specific architectures, 327–329

downlink, 42, 44–46, 55

DQPSK, 256, 258, 263, 264, 270, 275, 280

Dual Mode, 1, 23, 28, 31

DSP, 269, 274, 275, 277, 278, 279, 281, 282

dynamic voltage scaling, 304–306, 315–316, 329, 332

EFR, 15

encode, 47, 50–51

encoding, 256, 259, 261, 271, 285

energy

measurements, 45, 47, 53–54

dissipation, 303–324

efficiency, 327

energy efficient system partitioning, 313–317

energy scalable architectures, 320–324

energy-agile algorithm, 320

energy-quality scalability, 317–319

equalization, 256, 269, 278, 284

error correction, 54

estimation, 45–49, 53–54

Eureka 147, 254–267, 269, 270, 273, 275–280, 285

external to the DSP, 44, 46, 48

fading, 253, 254, 273

false accept rate, 229

false reject rate, 229

Fast Fourier Transform (FFT), 256, 267, 268, 269, 272, 273, 275, 276, 306–7, 314–316

Fast Information Channel (FIC), 263–266, 270, 274, 276

FCP, 41–42, 46–48, 54

feedback, 53

Field Programmable Gate Arrays, 328, 335

finger, 42, 45–46, 48–49, 53–54

fingerprint

measurements, 45, 47, 53–54

dissipation, 303–324

efficiency, 327

energy efficient system partitioning, 313–317

energy scalable architectures, 320–324

energy-agile algorithm, 320

energy-quality scalability, 317–319

FIR filtering, 318–319

fixed point arithmetic, 290

FM, 253, 254, 279, 280, 281, 283

Forward Error Correction (FEC), 279, 280, 281, 285

generalized mesh network, 336

Givens rotation, 70

GPS, 8

gradient descent, 66

guard interval, 257, 258, 267, 272

Hadamard Transform, 45

handshaking, 341

hardware reconfiguration, 338

Harvard Architecture, 20

Henry classification system, 242

heterogeneous processor array, 327–329, 332

High Speed Circuit Switched Data, 12

Householder reflection, 70

HR, 15

HW/SW partition, 29

In-Band-On-Channel (IBOC), 254, 279, 280, 281, 282, 283, 284

instruction profiling, 303–304

Inter-Carrier Interference (ICI), 256, 272, 273, 275

interference, 42, 55, 253, 254, 255, 256, 258, 259, 263, 272, 275, 279, 280, 284

interleaving, 42, 46–47, 51–53, 259, 263, 269, 273, 276, 279, 280

internet, 42

Inter-Symbol Interference (ISI), 255, 257, 258, 264, 269

iteration, 51, 52

IXI Mobile, 6

Java

CDC Java specification, 131

CLDC Java specification, 131, 134

CLDC, 205

KVM (K Virtual Machine), 132, 134, 205

J2ME (Java 2 Micro Edition), 132, 205

RNG, 211, 212, 213

PKCS, 211

HMAC, 212

Distributed Java Virtual Machine, 132

Java Execution Environment, 119

Java opcodes, 120, 126

Jworks, 132

Scratchy Modular Java Virtual Machine, 119, 127

SDE (Scratchy Development Environment), 130, 133

leakage control techniques, 308–311

leakage current, subthreshold leakage current, 306–311

Least Mean Square (LMS), 66

Least Squares (LS), 65

Line of Bearing estimation, 314–316

linear estimation, 87

linear MMSE detection, 88

linear predictive coding (LPC), 141–147, 149, 151, 154, 156

Linux, 131

locality of reference, 329, 335–336

lock, 45

Main Service Channel (MSC), 263, 264, 265, 269, 270, 276

maximal ratio combining, MRC, 42, 45–49, 53, 54

maximum likelihood detection, 90

maximum obtainable SINR, 65

mean square error (MSE), 63, 65

memory, 44, 47, 49–50

MF, 280, 281, 282, 283

microsensors, 299–302

MIMO channels, 83

modem, 41, 43, 45, 47, 49, 51, 53, 55

Modified Graham Schmidt

Orthogonalization (MGSO), 68

Modularity, 127, 129

modulation, 255, 256, 260, 261, 263, 269, 280, 285

most significant transform, 318

MP3, 253, 262

MPEG, 260, 261, 262, 266, 270, 271, 274, 276, 277, 285

MPEG4, 114, 116

Multi-mode, 23

Multipath, 45, 84, 253, 254, 255, 256, 258, 269, 270, 273, 275, 284, 285

Multiple Threshold CMOS (MTCMOS), 308–309

multiplex, 45–46

multistage detector, 92

MUSICAM, 260, 261, 262

mutual information, 79

narrow-band antenna, 60, 61

network, 41–45

protocols, 311–313

non-linear estimation, 90

Normalized Mean Square Error (NMSE), 65

null symbol, 258, 264, 267

Ocapi tool, 294

OFDM/COFDM, 255, 256, 258–260, 264–267, 269, 272–280, 283, 284

OMAP™, 38, 107, 111, 112, 113, 114, 116, 117, 120, 133, 134

optimum detection, 90

orthogonal/orthogonality, 256, 257, 263, 266, 272, 273, 275

OS, operating system, 111, 113, 114, 207, 209, 210

Oversampling, 85

parallel interference cancellation, 92

Perron Root, 80

Perron Vector, 80

Personal Digital Assistant (PDA), 3, 4, 6, 114

Phase Locked Loop (PLL), 213, 214

Phase Reference Symbol (PRS), 267, 268, 269, 272

pilot, 45, 54

PKI, 203 and 215

platform, 42, 55

postfiltering, 146

power benchmark, 287, 295

preamble, 45

processor, 43–44, 48, 303

energy, 303

programmable, 327

RISC, 107, 109, 110, 113, 117

StrongARM SA-1100, 300–307

TI C54x, 293

TI C55x, 294

TI C6x, 294

TMS320C64, 41, 46, 48, 53–54, 55

VLIW, 20

profile, 45

protocol, 53

pseudo noise, PN, 45, 47

pulse code modulation (PCM), 141, 147, 149

rake, 44–49, 52–54

rate matching, 46–47

reconfigurable communication network, 330, 333

reconfigurable processing element, 331

RF, 42–43, 253, 255, 264, 265, 266, 273, 274, 276, 278, 281, 285

RMS delay spread, 61

RSCC, 50–52

satellite, 253, 254, 255, 258, 284, 285

Self-Coherence Restoral (SCORE), 77

semi-programmable, 42, 44, 48, 54

sensor networks, 299–302

sequence, 42, 45, 47, 53

Single Frequency Network (SFN), 257, 258, 260

SINR (Signal to Interference Noise Power), 62

Sliding window, 52

SOI (Signal of Interest), 57

speaker verification, 218

linear prediction, 222

cepstral features, 223

Hidden Markov Model (HMM), 223

spreader, 42, 44–49

Standards and generations of phones

1G, 11

2G, 25, 41, 43, 50, 111

2.5G, 3, 10, 12, 43, 50, 107, 111, 117

3G, 3, 10, 25, 107, 111, 117, 41–55

AMPS, 12

ARIB, 147

ETSI, 147, 148, 151–154

GPRS, 13

GSM, 25, 149–153, 157

I-Mode, 7

IMT-2000, 41–42

International Telecommunications Union, ITU 41–42, 139, 141, 147, 148, 151, 153, 154, 156

IS-2000, 42, 44–45, 47, 50, 52–54

PDC, 13

Third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP), 148, 151–153, 157

TIA, 147, 149–152, 157

UMTS, 7

stochastic gradient descent, 90

stopping criterion, 52

sub-hand, 262, 271, 276, 277

Subspace Constraint, 73

successive interference cancellation, 91

Switched substrate Impedance scheme, 310–311

symbol-rate, SR, 44, 46–47, 53–54

synchronize, synchronization, 45, 50, 257, 262, 264, 266–269, 272, 274, 275, 278

temporal correlations, 329, 334

time division multiple access (TDMA), 149, 151, 152

Time Division Multiplexing (TDM), 284, 285

time-to-market, 43

tracking, 266, 272, 278

traffic, 44–49

Transmit Beamforming, 77

Turbo decoding, 41–42, 44, 46–48, 50–52, 54

a priori probability, 51–52

extrinsic, 51–52

MAP, 51–52

parity, 52

posteriori, 51

systematic, 50–52

Turbo coprocessor (TCP), 51–52, 55

trellis, 49–50

uplink, 42, 44–48, 54

variable computation processing, 305–307

variable length filter, 321–322

variable precision filter, 322–324

Variable Threshold CMOS (VTCMOS), 309–310

vehicle tracking, 319–320

Viterbi, 259, 266, 267, 268, 269, 270, 274, 275, 276, 277, 278, 285

Viterbi decoding, 20, 41–42, 47–49, 54

Add Compare select (ACS), 49, 50

branch metric, 49

convolutional, 42, 44, 46–48, 50

state metric, 49

traceback, 49–50

Viterbi Coprocessor (VCP ), 49–50, 55

voice, 41–44, 46–47, 50

voice activity detection (VAD), 146, 148, 150, 152

VSELF, 15

VxWorks, 131

Walsh, 45, 47

weighted MOPs (WMOPs), 154, 155

wideband speech coding, 137, 147, 148, 152, 153, 155, 157

Windows, 131

zero-forcing detection, 87