1. European Commission for Education and Training (2009).

2. Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation (2010).

3. Ed.gov Blog (2011, July 20).

4. Fulbright Educational Exchange Program (2011, April).

5. Lumina Foundation (n.d.).

6. Wilen-Daugenti and McKee (2008).

7. Walsh (2009, November).

8. Kazeroony (2010).

9. The White House (n.d.).

10. The National Center for Public Policy and Higher Education (2008).

11. Neave (2006).

12. Deem (2008).

13. 21st Century Skills, Education & Competitiveness: A Resource and Policy Guide (2008).

14. Athey (1998).

15. The Council for Adult and Experiential Learning (2007, May).

16. Gibbons (1998).

17. Mihall and Belletti (1999).

18. Center for Persons with Disabilities (n.d.).

19. Ghedin and Aquario (2008); Csizmadia et al. (2008); Shin (2008).

20. Diaz et al. (2009).

21. Kazeroony (2009).

22. Rodgers et al. (2006).

23. Ota et al. (2009).

24. American Association of State Colleges and Universities (2009, November).

25. Kim (2011).

26. Anderson (2007).

27. Hoover (2011).

28. U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics (2011, April 22).

29. U.S. Department of Commerce, Economics and Statistics Administration, and Executive Office of the President, Office of Management and Budget (2011), p. 17.

30. Knapp et al. (2009).

1. Von Bertalanffy (1950).

2. Mishra (2005).

3. Brodkey (1987).

4. Foucault (1980).

5. Freire (1970).

6. Cannella (1999).

7. Foucault (1983).

8. Freire (1970), p. 33.

9. Freire (1970).

10. Cannella (1999).

11. Yorks and Kasl (2002); Ushinsky (2006).

12. Wells and Claxton (2002).

13. Vygotsky (1981).

14. Wells and Claxton (2002), p. 3.

15. Vygotsky (1981), p. 5.

16. Vygotsky (1987), p. 282.

17. Tanzi and Schuknecht (2000), table II.5, p. 34.

18. State Higher Education Executive Officers (2009), table 2, p. 20.

19. For example, Psacharopoulos (1994).

20. For example, Moretti (2004).

21. Davidson and Goldberg (2009).

22. Human Synergistics, Inc. (2011, August).

23. Foucault (1980); Freire (1970).

24. Moretti (2004).

25. Wells and Claxton (2002).

26. Lovitt and Goswami (1999).

27. Cross Cultural Rhetoric Blog (2010).

28. Kulikova (2005).

29. Combs (1999), p. 204.

30. Nagata (2006), p. 16.

31. Langer (2000), p. 19.

1. Stilwell (2003); Collins (2005).

2. Collins (2005), pp. 11, 19.

3. Akinyele (2010); Soares (2009); Watjatrakul (2009).

4. Obermiller et al. (2005); Halbesleben et al. (2003); Pitman (2000).

5. Collins (2005), pp. 20–21; Schnier (2004); Soares (2009); Bennett Clark (2011).

6. Collins (2005), pp. 16–18.

7. Cooke and Lafferty (2003).

8. Patterson et al. (2005).

9. Pfeffer (2010), pp. 220–221.

10. Jost and Banaji (1994).

11. Pfeffer (2010), p. 224.

12. Blanchard et al. (1997), p. 136.

13. Lobas (2006); Kay et al. (2010).

14. Bolman and Deal (2008), p. 253.

15. Bolman and Deal (2008), p. 269.

16. Schein (1992), p. 12.

17. Kuo (2009); Pitman (2000); Calabrese and Shoho (2000); Bennett Clark (2011).

18. Tricker (2003); Soares (2009); Kay et al. (2010).

19. Cooke and Szumal (2000).

20. Szumal (2003).

21. Szumal (2003).

22. Reigle (2001).

23. Cooke and Lafferty (2003).

24. Cooke (2011).

25. Cooke and Szumal (2000).

26. Szumal (2003).

27. Human Synergistics, Inc. (2011).

28. Human Synergistics, Inc. (2001).

29. Human Synergistics, Inc. (2011).

30. Blanchard et al. (1997) and Reigle (2001).

31. Pfeffer (1998).

32. Szumal (2003).

1. Fukuda (1997).

2. Senge (1990).

3. Lewin (1952).

4. Birnbaum (1992).

5. Fulmer (2000).

6. Heathfield (2010).

7. Fulmer (2000).

8. Toma (2010).

9. Senge (1994).

10. Jackson (2003).

11. Forrester (1998).

12. Porras and Silvers (1991).

13. Reh (2010).

14. Birnbaum (1992).

15. Zeine et al. (2011), chapter 3 in this volume.

16. Luthans et al. (1990).

17. Heathfield (2011); Zeine et al. (2011), chapter 3 in this volume.

18. Bolman and Deal (2008).

19. Fox (2010).

20. Senge (1990).

21. Senge (1994).

22. Heathfield (2010).

23. Heathfield (2010).

24. Toma (2010).

25. Reh (2010).

1. Sadowski (2011).

2. Staley and Trinkle (2011).

3. Chicago Area Faculty Development Network (2010).

4. Clohan (2010).

5. Policy Matters (2006, February).

6. Seurkamp (2007).

7. Roche (2010), pp. 52–53.

8. Tate (n.d.).

1. Bortins (2010).

2. Wingate (2006).

3. Ritchhart (2002), pp. 24–25.

4. IB Learner Profile (n.d.).

5. Claxton (2002).

6. Ritchhart et al. (2011).

7. Krasnic (2010).

1. Allen and Seaman (2010).

2. Oblinger (2000); Garnham and Kaleta (2002); Allen and Seaman (2010).

3. Dziuban and Moskal (2001); Voos (2001).

4. Skinner (1958); Clark (1983); Russell (1999); Rivera et al. (2002); Bernard et al. (2004); Bonk and Graham (2006); Uzun and Senturk (2010); Means et al. (2009); Beck (2010).

5. Dell et al. (2010, March); Schoenfeld-Tacher et al. (2001).

6. McKeachie (1997); Kuh (2001); Pascarella (2001).

7. Aycock et al. (2002); Dziuban et al. (2005); Allen and Seaman (2010).

8. Novak et al. (1999); Singh (2003); Guri-Rosenblit (2005); Bonk and Graham (2006); Green (2010); Ashley (2004, June).

9. Chickering and Gamson (1987); Berge (1999); Hara and Kling (2000); Northrup (2002); Vonderwell and Zachariah (2005); Mazzolini and Maddison (2005); Zhang and Walls (2006); Wang and Woo (2007); Ward et al. (2010); Bradford (2011).

10. Luck and McQuiggan (2006).

11. Luck and McQuiggan (2006).

12. Mills et al. (2009).

13. Prensky (2001).

1. Cuban (1986); Mayer (2005).

2. Technology in Schools (2009).

3. Friedman (2007).

4. Csikszentmihalyi (1990).

5. Tucker (2006).

6. Haynes (2010).

7. Jones (2011).

8. Aronowitz (2011).

9. Schaffhauser (2011).

10. Cengage Learning and Eduventures (2010).

11. Watters (2011).

1. Breneman et al. (2006).

2. Keller (2009).

3. Dad (2011).

4. Bach and Carpenter (2010).

5. Carpenter et al. (2010).

6. Drucker (1988).

7. This is also well documented and much discussed. See, for example, Policastro (2008).

8. Milt Cox, the director of the Lilly Conference on College Teaching, the editor of the Journal on Excellence of Teaching and Learning, and the director of the influential Center for the Enhancement of Learning, Teaching, and University Assessment at Miami University, is an example of a not-for-profit educational leader who has long advocated these themes. See, for example, Cox and Richlin (1993). Hudd et al. (2009) also provide useful insight on these themes.

9. For more on these lessons, see the emerging literature on higher education management of adjunct faculty, for example, Tobin (2004); Bedford (2009); Velez (2009); Tipple (2010); and West (2010).

10. Tierney (2004).

11. Westheimer (2003).

12. Campbell and Oblinger (2007).

1. The Western Interstate Commission for Higher Education (2008, March).

2. Enrollment Management Learning Collaborative (2009).

3. Enrollment Management Learning Collaborative (2010).

4. Education Trust White Paper (2010, April 13).

5. The College Board (2008, December).

1. Australian Government (n.d.).

2. Japanese University Accreditation Association (2011).

3. International Accreditation Organization (2011).

4. European Association for Quality Assurance in Higher Education (2005), p. 9.

5. The Rhodes Trust (2011).

6. Fulbright Educational Exchange Program (2011).

1. Evans (2004), p. 3.

2. Anctil (2008).

3. Barnett (2007); Gibbs (2009); Gibbs and Murphy (2009); Naidoo and Jamieson (2005).

4. Barnett (2007).

5. Gibbs and Murphy (2009).

6. Clayson and Haley (2005), p. 2.

7. Molesworth et al. (2009).

8. Temple (2006).

9. For example, see Gibbs (2009).

10. Oplatka (2009).

11. Anctil (2008), p. 19.

12. Newman and Jahdi (2009).

13. Hemsley-Brown and Oplatka (2006), p. 334.

14. The Chartered Institute for Marketing (2009), p. 2.

15. The Chartered Institute for Marketing (2007).

16. Newman and Jahdi (2009).

17. Angulo et al. (2010).

18. McAlexander and Koenig (2010).

19. Hemsley-Brown and Oplatka (2006).

20. Melewar and Akel (2005).

21. Kantanen (2007b).

22. Heslop and Nadeau (2010).

23. For example, see Wæraas and Solbakk (2009).

24. Kantanen (2007a).

25. Mitchell et al. (1997).

26. Gibbs and Murphy (2009), p. 87.

27. Gibbs (2009), p. 122.

28. McAlexander and Koenig (2010).

1. Parry (2009).

2. Allen and Seaman (2008).

3. Patterson and McFadden (2009).

4. National Center for Education Statistics (2006–2007).

5. IMS Global Learning Consortium.

6. Ed.gov.

7. The Future of Higher Education (2008).

8. Zastrocky and Schllier (2000).

9. U.S. Department of Education, Accreditation in the United States (n.d.).

10. U.S. Department of Education (2003).

11. Council for Higher Education Accreditation (2002).

12. Ed.gov Blog (2011, July 20).

13. U.S. Department of Education, Office of Inspector General. Letter dated Nov. 24, 2009.

14. U.S. Department of Education, Office of Inspector General. Letter dated Dec. 17, 2009.

15. U.S. Department of Education (2010).

16. Chronicle of Higher Education (2008).

17. Median Salaries of College Administrators by Job Category and Type of Institution (2008–2009).

18. Hoover (2011).

19. Apollo Group, Inc. (2008).

20. Scott (2003).

21. Kaufman (2006).

22. Stamats (n.d.).

23. Copeland (2011).

24. Cherem (2010).

25. Stein et al. (2009).

26. Fischer (2010).

27. Bank of America Career (2010).