Index
A
Accessibility
339–364form
349–352image
352–356interactivity and
341JavaScript and
347–349navigation
359–361in pattern libraries
396semantic markup and
341–345standard and regulations
340style sheets and
345–347table
356–359ACCESSIBLE ALTERNATIVE pattern
361–363ACCESSIBLE FORMS pattern
349–352ACCESSIBLE IMAGES pattern
352–356ACCESSIBLE NAVIGATION pattern
359–361ACCESSIBLE TABLES pattern
356–359Accordion approach
116Achievement, recognizing
285Acknowledgement messages
217–219Action buttons
disabling, after first click
43disabling action and
43Enter key and
43grouping
42labeling guidelines
42number of
41–42Reset buttons and
44–45secondary
41use of
40–41ACTION BUTTONS pattern
40–45Actions
seeList actions
Adams, C.
350ADD/UPLOAD CONTENT pattern
260–263Adkisson, H.
113Advanced search
see alsoSearch(es)
benefits
152links
152option
152page
153query options
153search results and
155simple search before
152simple search field support
148simple search return
153–154terminology
153ADVANCED SEARCH pattern
151–155Aery, S. C.
134Alt attribute
353Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA)
340Andrew, R.
357Animated icons
388ANIMATIONS/TRANSITIONS pattern
247–251Antipatterns
397–398Appearance customization
103–104Apple OS X Human Interface Design Guidelines
15Application customization
104Application main page
79–109blank-slate page
106–109control panel
81–84dashboard
84–90inbox
80–81portals
90–94reminders
81Application programming interfaces (APIs)
181ASCII format
313Associative navigation
129–130Asterisks
28–29Asynchronous communication
297Attribute breadcrumbs
134Auditory CAPTCHA
60–61Automatic logout
see alsoLogout
benefits
73period of inactivity
71prompts
73for security/privacy concerns
73session timeout duration, user setting
74user information, saving
73–74AUTOMATIC LOGOUT pattern
71–74AUTOSUGGEST/AUTOCOMPLETION pattern
231–234Aykin, N.
311B
Baekdal, T.
369Bar charts
86Best practices
seeHow
Blake, R.
50BLANK SLATE
106–109Blank-slate page
106actions
106initial setup assistance
109messages
106purposes
106screenshot examples
109tutorials/demos
107Blogs
304Bookmarking
258Bosenick, T.
118Boulton, M.
374Breadcrumbs
attribute
134implementations
133indicating
133–134item symbols
134–135linked elements
135path
134placement
135providing
133trail links, matching
135in visual hierarchy
35–36Brewer, J.
352Broadband Internet access
5Broadcast messages
298Buddy lists
seeFriend lists
Buttons
16C
Calbucci, M.
53Calder, P.
394Calendars
default view
196entries, user search
198format
196pop-ups
323in showing events
197–198user interaction with
196CAPTCHA
49, 59auditory
60–61images, examples
60images, user changes
59–60noisy backgrounds
59in registration
51–53user input
58–59<caption> tag
357CAROUSEL pattern
255–256Cascading Style Sheets (CSS)
5, 6font sizes
346level 3 (CSS3) fonts
314page markup and
346structural elements and
344–345support
345unobtrusive
345–347user overriding author
346–347Champeon, S.
341Chaparro, B.
135Checkboxes
16Chen, E.
120Chi, E. H.
116Childers, T. L.
203Christie, R.
358CLEAR BENEFITS
16–18Collaboration
activities
306coordination
306enabling
305interaction modes
308messaging and
310nature
306revision management
309scheduling
306–308sessions
308sharing specification
306wikis
309COLLABORATION pattern
305–310Colter, A.
134Columns
see alsoTabular lists
attribute value alignment
186–187data readability by
186–187headers, identifying
357–358user sort
188Combo-boxes
16Command buttons
Comments, in pattern documentation
392Communities
293–297communication
297creation
294event-based
295ideas and suggestions
296joining
295sharing support
302as virtual places
294Companion web site, this book
14Completely Automated Public Turing test to tell Computers and Humans Apart
seeCAPTCHA
Concatenated strings
Constraints, showing
39Content-level customization
102–103Continuous scrolling
170bookmarks and
172item subsets
171pagination versus
171smoothness
171tabular lists
190Contrast, in visual hierarchy
378–379CONTROL PANEL pattern
81–84Control panels
see alsoApplication main page
in highlighting items
83–84home pages versus
83hub-and-spoke approach
82as launch pad
82uses
83Conversion rates, form
20Coordination
306Copying files
260–261Culturally-neutral images
319Currencies
changing, user interaction
330confusion, avoiding
330localization
330multiple, support of
330native formats
329persistent selection
330symbols
331CURRENCY AND CURRENCY FORMAT pattern
329–331Cursors, drag-and-drop
244Customization
98–106appearance
103–104application
104content-level
102–103content needs
101dashboard
89features
100item
239–241layout preferences
101minimizing choices at registration
104as optional
105portal
93–94user effort
105–106from user preferences
98–99CUSTOMIZATION pattern
98–106D
DASHBOARD pattern
84–90Dashboards
alert icons
88data display methods
86data sharing
89data transfer
89drilling down
89exception conditions
87functions
86gauges
88information in context
88layout goal
90one-screen display
88progress bars
88spark lines
88traffic light indicators
88trend icons
88user customization
89Data display methods
86DATE FORMAT pattern
321–324Date formats
311, 321–324see alsoInternationalization
calendar pop-ups
323designer options
322locale-neutral format
323localized pages
322–323month abbreviations
322numerical system
322Dearden, A.
389Decimal separators
327Decorative images
353Delay indicators
DELAY/PROGRESS INDICATORS pattern
251–253Dennis, T.
389Design patterns
seePatterns
DISCOVER NETWORK MEMBERS pattern
287–291Divine proportion
375Dixon, H.
57Drag-and-drop
accessibility
245cursor
244drop zones
245interaction style
242necessary affordance
244–245supporting
243uses
243DRAG-AND-DROP pattern
241–245Dropdown lists
16, 31, 34DYNAMIC QUERYING and
239filters
173JavaScript and
348–349for sorting options
165Dryer, D. C.
137Dugas, D.
248Dynamic contextual instructions
39DYNAMIC QUERYING pattern
238–239Dynamic user profiles
282E
Edelman Trust Barometer
272EDIT-IN-PLACE pattern
234–236Embedded content
304Embedded labels
26–27Embedded text in images, avoiding
318Encoding methods
313–314Enders, L.
186Enterprise portals
93Erickson, T.
10Error messages
error fix instructions
46formatting errors
45form element identification
48invalid information
45missing information
45on same page as form
46use approach
45user-entered information and
46ERROR MESSAGES pattern
45–48EVENT LIST pattern
195–198Excel
221Explicit personalization
95–96Explicit sharing
302Export/download formats
221F
Faceted navigation
111, 122–126see alsoNavigation
benefits
124choices
123initial facet
124selection information
124Faceted searches
143–144, 174–176see alsoSearch(es)
attributes
174benefits
174facet updating
175narrowing facets, user removal
176speed
174FACETED SEARCH pattern
174–176Faraday, P.
248<fieldset> tags
350File browsing control
16FILTERING pattern
172–173Fincher, S.
10Finlay, J.
389FIXED-WIDTH LAYOUT pattern
368–371Fixed-width layouts
365, 368–371see alsoVisual design
approaches
369centering
369–370designing
369page background fill size
370page element control
369printer-friendly pages
370–371screen resolutions
369screen space
366Flag representation
335–336Fleming, J.
111Flickr Design Patterns Group
50Fogg, B. J.
365Folksonomies
112“Following”
290FORGIVING FORMAT pattern
32–34FORGOT USERNAME/PASSWORD pattern
74–77Form accessibility
349–352<fieldset> tags
350JavaScript use
351–352keyboard
350–351<label> tags
349–350techniques
349Formatting errors
45Form elements
default values
30–32field labels placement
24–26identification in error messages
48ordering
23selection
15types of
16Forms
15–48action buttons
40–45benefits, clear
16–18conversion rates
20defaults
30–32dividing
21error messages
45–48format
32–34functionality
18groupings
22–24input hints/prompts
37–40labels
24–27login
17long
19navigation, keyboard
34–37required fields
27–30rich
229–231short
18–22simple
20uses
15Friend discovery
during sign-up
288by email address books
287–288by existing connections
289following others
290with member search
289methods
287request confirmation
289third-party introductions
289by user profiles
289FRIEND LIST pattern
291–293Friends, online status
292Furl
2–4G
Gauges
88Gauri, D. K.
268Geolocation
312Gladwell, M.
284GLOBAL GATEWAY
333–334Global gateway page
311, 331–334benefits
332–333country list
333country selection, changing
333–334language list
333GLOBAL GATEWAY pattern
331–334Global navigation
GMT (Greenwich Mean Time)
325Goldberg, D. D.
97Golden ratio
375Grids
benefits
374element positioning
374golden ratio
375page divisions
374page element alignment
376reusable templates
376structure
373–376uses
373GRID STRUCTURE pattern
373–376Groups
293–297creation
294event-based
295friends,’
295joining
295participating in
295private
295public
295as virtual places
294GROUPS AND SPECIAL-INTEREST COMMUNITIES pattern
293–297H
Halvey, M.
132Hamblin, C.
118Handles
281Headers attribute
358Hearst, M. A.
320Helm, R.
9HIERARCHICAL LIST pattern
191–195Hierarchical lists
181, 191–195multilevel
193nonhierarchical view offering
193parent item deletion and
193–194sorting
194trees
192uses
192Highlighting
autosuggest
233changed content
253–255consistency
383detail pane zoom
237drop zones
245lightbox effect
382–383method
381uses
380–381HIGHLIGHT pattern
380–383HIJAX
342Hints
History, as pattern documentation
392Hoekman, R. Jr.
106Holzschag, M. E.
343Home pages, control panels versus
83Horizontal sliders
246Hornbaek, K.
207Horton, S.
376Hosted applications
Houston, M. J.
203Hovertips
206Hub-and-spoke approach
82I
Icons
383–388for dedicated actions
215familiarity
384health badges
385modifiers
385in nonnumbered lists
182object status indication
385text in
385toggling
385–387tooltips
384uses
384visual distinction
387visual styles
387ICONS pattern
383–388Image accessibility
352–356alt attribute
353benefits
352d-link (description link)
353graphics and
355longdesc attribute
353text alternatives
352text descriptions
353–354Image lists
181, 202as alternative
204–205benefits
202–203in slideshow
204space requirement
205thumbnails
203–204IMAGE LISTS/GRIDS pattern
202–205Implicit sharing
302INBOX pattern
80–81Indexes
127Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA)
340Information foraging theory
115Information scent
115–116Information visualization
237Interface design
challenges
5–9control/widget limitations
6guidelines
8inconsistent interaction approaches
6–9web architecture and
5Internationalization
311–338see alsoLocalization
I10N
311in pattern libraries
396phone number formats
327–328process
311units of measure
327Invalid information
45Ishida, R.
314J
Java
2JavaScript
5, 6, 341, 363DOM scripting approach
348dropdown list use and
348–349in form accessibility
351–352functions, calling
348navigation and
348–349page markup and
347–348support
347unobtrusive
347–349use benefits
347Jaws 7.0+
364Jesse, D.
373Johnson, R.
9JSP (Java Server Pages)
313K
Kashimura, K.
365Keane, M. T.
132Keyboard navigation
see alsoNavigation
cursor placement
36drop-down lists
34enabling
35Enter key
34suggested list selection
233Tab key
34KEYBOARD NAVIGATION pattern
34–37Keywords
see alsoSearch(es)
form accessibility
350–351search engine combination
155simple search
145suggestions
148Known-item search
144Koerner, B. I.
319Krug, S.
134Kurosu, M.
365L
Laasko, S.
10LABEL ALIGNMENT
24–27<label> tags
349–350Labels
see alsoForms
alignment
24–27embedded, using
26–27icon
384icon, text expansion and
316log out
70–71placements
24–26primary navigation
115–116search buttons
147–148search controls
169tagging
263visual separation
26Language(s)
see alsoInternationalization
change, keeping user on same page
337flag representation and
335initial selection, changing
337multiple, support
338options
334switching
335user choice, remembering
337user recognition
335LANGUAGE SELECTOR pattern
334–338Larsen, L.
367Layouts
365–373fixed-width
368–371golden ratio and
375liquid-width
365–368preferences
101progressive
371–373“Lazy” registration
53Leacock, M.
10Leaderboards
285Lenz, K.
145Lida, B.
135Line charts
86Links
accessible alternative
362advanced search
152breadcrumb trail
135logout
70pagination
167Privacy Policy
30“skip navigation”
360–361for sorting options
165LIQUID-WIDTH LAYOUT pattern
365–368Liquid-width layouts
365–368see alsoVisual design
benefits
366–367designing
367fixed-width navigational areas
367page areas
367page components
367page element sizing
368user preference
367List actions
181, 212–219acknowledgement messages
217–219applying
214configuration messages
217–219dedicated
213–214“delete”
217for items
212–213multiselect lists
216reversing
219row highlighting
214selection errors and
217shared action repetition
215LIST ACTIONS pattern
212–219Lists
181–223highlighting items in
381image
181long, repeating shared actions
215multiselect
216–217nonnumbered
182numbered
182utility functions
220–223LIST UTILITY FUNCTIONS pattern
220–223LIVE PREVIEW pattern
239–241Lloyd, I.
344Localization
311see alsoInternationalization
applications
331currency
330date format
322–323embedded text and
318L10N
311language elements to avoid for
320time zone
325variable text and
318Local navigation
LOGICAL GROUPING
22–24Log in
see alsoUser authentication
account security during
62confirming
68credentials
62forgotten information, retrieving
64forms
17information, remembering
66–68multistep
64page
63passwords
63registration option
63–64secure
63single
65unified
65–66user identification
61LOG IN pattern
61–69Log out
see alsoUser authentication
acknowledgment
71automatic
71–74labels
70–71links
70offering
69–70page
71reasons for
69LOG OUT pattern
69–71Longdesc attribute
353Lynch, J. P.
376M
Maps
181, 206–212as background images
206colors and shapes
209complementing with lists/tabular views
210contextual overviews
206–207detailed information on demand
206hovertips
206as illustrations
206legend
209location attributes
210as photographic/satellite images
206pop-ups
206for real-time information
210–211for status information
210symbols for location types
209as text
206MAPS pattern
206–212Markowsky, G.
375Markup
JavaScript separation
347–348page structure identification in
361presentational tags in
314semantic
342–345structural
344–345style sheet separation
346Marlow, C.
264McIntire, P.
365Menus, in secondary navigation
118MESSAGING pattern
297–299Metaphors, culturally relevant
320Missing information
45Month abbreviations
322Multiselect lists
216–217N
Navigation
111–142associative
129–130breadcrumbs
133–136calendar control
197filtering
130folksonomies
112JavaScript and
348–349keyboard
34–37key functions
111orientation function
112pivot browsing
129popularity-based
130self-contained
115supplementary
126–128tag clouds
128–132as user help
112utility
120–122Navigation accessibility
359–361see alsoAccessibility
page structure identification
361“skip navigation” link
360–361utility navigation
361Nolan, P. R.
384Nonnumbered lists
182Numbered lists
182NUMBER FORMAT pattern
326–329P
Pagination
see alsoSearch results
benefits
165–167continuous scrolling versus
171cues
256divisions
165–167drawbacks
171first results page navigation
168–169links
167presence of more search results and
168tabular lists
190total search results
168view range
168Pagination controls
chronological
169easily clickable
167labeling
169linking
169repeating
169target size
168PAGINATION pattern
165–170Paging, minimizing
167PARAMETRIC SEARCH pattern
149–151Participation, in pattern libraries
398–401Path breadcrumbs
134Pattern documentation
10–11, 389comments section
392core sections
391–392history or change log section
392how section
391problem section
391related design patterns section
391–392research evidence section
392solution section
391why section
391A Pattern Language (Alexander)
9Pattern libraries
389–403accessibility
396antipatterns
397–398assistance
398developing with wikis
402–403documentation
391–393efficiencies
391internationalization
396managing
401–402participation
398–401pattern search
398(re)usable design components
393–394reuse
391richer interactions
396screen shots
395–396sharing
390star-rating system
394–395updating
402PATTERN LIBRARY pattern
389–403Patterns
9, 14Alexandrian notation
10benefits
9best practices
11communication and
10design
9–10design productivity and
9documenting
10–11problem
11rationale
11related
11repository
390reusability
9–10solution
11as teaching aid
10use guidance
9web application usability and
10Peer recommendations
286–287Permalinks
304Personalization
94–98benefits
95driven by business rules
79explicit
95–96for guest users
96levels
95for logged-in users
96user preference indication
98user preferences/needs
96–97PERSONALIZATION pattern
94–98Peterson, H.
248Picture Superiority Effect
202Pie charts
86Pitfalls
397–398Pivot browsing
129Plain language
320“Please wait” icon
249Popularity-based navigation
130Pop-ups, map
206PORTAL pattern
90–94Portals
appearance consistency
93automatic user sign-in
93benefits
91content access
93content tailoring
93enterprise
93organization
92portlets
92user customization
93–94PRESENCE INDICATOR pattern
299–301Presentational tags
314Preview
exploration
240item customization and
239–241LIVE PREVIEW pattern
239–241three-dimensional items
240Primary navigation
see alsoNavigation
horizontal placement
113–114labeling
115–116placement consistency
114removing for self-contained navigation
115role
112vertical placement
113–114visually salient
114Privacy concerns
56Privacy Policy link
30Private groups
295Progress indicators
dashboards
88forms
252long delays
252–253showing
251status information
253uploading
262uses
252Progressive enhancement
339, 341client-side scripting approaches
341HIJAX approach
342style sheets and
341web standards and
341PROGRESSIVE ENHANCEMENT pattern
341–342PROGRESSIVE LAYOUT pattern
371–373Prompts/hints
automatic logout
73constraints
39dynamic contextual
39examples
37formats
39providing
37text field sizes
39–40Providers
283Public groups
295Q
Querying
R
Raskin, A.
219Ratings
see alsoReviews
anchoring
269average
268breakdown of
270multiple criteria
270popularity
267–268previous, indication
270rationale
271repurchase retention and
268users, combining
268users, separating
268RATINGS pattern
267–272Really Simple Syndication (RSS) feeds
180Receivers
283Recommendations
128“Redo” function
219Registration
benefits, indicating
53best practices
282CAPTCHA use
51–53customization choices at
104eliminating
53email address as username
51form length
50“lazy” approach
53at login
63–64opt-in
57passwords
51privacy concerns and
56process efficiency
53requirement, removing
50returning users after
57security questions
57sensitive information and
51unified
54–55user goals and
50verifying
56REGISTRATION pattern
49–58Related items
128Reminders
81Repurchase intention
268REPUTATION pattern
283–287Reputation system
achievement recognition
285benefits
283criteria
284designing
283leaderboards
285levels
286multiple methods
284peer recommendations
286–287review judgment
284users’ ranks
285REQUIRED FIELD INDICATORS
27–30Required fields
asterisk indicator
28–29color indicator
28distinguishing
27–28indicating
27–30instructive text
30(Re)usable design components
393–394Research evidence, in pattern documentation
392Reset buttons
44–45Reviews
see alsoRatings
judging usefulness
284logging in before writing
274sorting
273usefulness, judging
273REVIEWS pattern
272–274Revisions, managing
309RICH FORM pattern
229–231Rich forms
see alsoForms
benefits
229designing
229drill-down approaches
230error minimization
229–230patterns
231Rich Internet Applications (RIAs)
170, 225–258animations
247–251with assistive technology
362AUTOSUGGESTION/AUTOCOMPLETE
231–234“back” button problem
256–258bookmarking problem
258browsing
225–226carousels
255–256changed content highlights
253–255data input choices
225data retrieval delays/progress
225development approaches
363drag-and-drop
241–245DYNAMIC QUERYING
238–239earliest
225edit-in-place
234–236highlighting
225information editing
225live preview
239–241poor designs
256previewing
225progress bars
251–253rich forms
229–231rich-text editors
226–229roles
363sliders
245–247sorting and filtering in real time
225usability issues
256–258user input validation
225visual effects
225RICH-TEXT EDITOR pattern
226–229Rich-text editors
alternative text input options
227formatting controls
227–228text-input area, enlarging
228uses
227WYSIWYG nature
226Rows
see alsoTables
header, identifying
357–358highlighting, list actions and
214striping
186table
186–187Rutledge, A.
378S
Saved searches
see alsoSearch(es)
alerts and
176availability
178benefits
177as email alerts
180notification options
180option
177rerunning
177sharing
180SAVED SEARCHES pattern
176–180“Scent” information
115–116Schedules
223Scheduling, collaborative
306–308Schwartz, B.
267Screen resolutions
369Screenshot examples
109Search results
143advanced search and
155alternate views for presenting
159–160case-insensitive
158categories
160–163close matches at top
157continuous scrolling
143delays, reducing
163descriptive information
159faceted search
143–144first page, navigating to
168grouping
160–163more, presence of
168no results alternatives
163number per page
163presentation
157quality
155tips for
155–157total number
159view range
168SEARCH RESULTS pattern
157–164SEARCH TIPS pattern
155–157Secondary navigation
111, 117–120see alsoNavigation
breadcrumbs
120horizontal placement
117indented list
118menus
118option highlighting
120as primary navigation complement
117vertical placement
117–118Secure login
63Self-contained navigation
115Semantic markup
basic level
343benefits
343headings and lists structure
343–344menus and submenus
344structural markup
344–345style sheets
344with unobtrusive CSS
343SEMANTIC MARKUP pattern
342–345Shafer, D.
357Shaikh, A. D.
145Sharing
259, 301–305calendars
306content posting
303data
89with email
302–303embedded content
304explicit
302human initiation of
303implicit
302permalinks
304printable pages
305reasons for
301specification
306tagging and
264third-party applications
303SHARING pattern
301–305SHORT FORMS pattern
18–22Simple search
see alsoSearch(es)
benefits
145complex search support
148defined
144feature placement
145keywords
145keyword suggestions
148return from advanced search
153search button labels
147–148search scope
145–146Sinnig, D.
391SLIDER pattern
245–247Sliders
advantages
245–246descriptive anchors
247horizontal
246implementations
247selected values
247values
246vertical
246Slideshows, image previews
204Slide-up/slide-down transition effects
249SMART DEFAULTS pattern
30–32Snow, K.
389Social applications
communities
293–297friend lists
291–293groups
259online status
259presence indicator
299–301reputation
283–287user reputation
259voting
274–277Software as a service (SaaS) model
1Sorting
143, 158see alsoSearch results
columns
188on criteria
164hierarchical lists
194on keyword searches
165multiple levels of
188Spark lines
88Spin controls
16Spotlight effect
253–255SPOTLIGHT/YELLOW-FADE pattern
253–255Status casting
300–301Status images
300Structural roles
363Style guides
8Style sheets
in data table presentation
358font sizes
346for layout and presentation
344page markup and
346for printing
371in progressive enhancement
341structural markup and
344–345unobtrusive
345–347user overriding author
346–347Supplementary navigation
see alsoNavigation
benefits
126indexes
127recommendations
128related items
128types of
126Sutcliffe, A.
248SVG (Scalable Vector Graphics)
221Symbols
see alsoIcons
breadcrumb item
134–135currency
331for map location types
209neutral
319in nonnumbered lists
182Synchronous communication
297Szeto, J.
371T
Table accessibility
356–359see alsoAccessibility
benefits
357<caption> tag
357headers attribute
358row and column header identification
357–358style sheets
358<table> tag and
356–357<table> tag
356–357Tabs
16TABULAR LIST pattern
185–191Tabular lists
181, 185–191alternative views
190columns
186–187columns, sorting
188continuous scrolling
190data accessibility
190filtering
189–190pagination
190reading
185rows
186–187table headers
185Tag clouds
129benefits
129–131exploration support
129–130filtering and
130pivot browsing and
129popularity-based navigation and
130purpose
131tag order determination
132tag popularity
131–132TAGGING pattern
263–267Tags
benefits
263–264<caption>
357changing
266deleting
266delimiters
264entering
264<fieldset>
350Gmail
264<label> tags
349–350<legend>
350managing
266multiple items
265as optional
265popular
265presentational
314previously used
265recommended
265suggesting
265–266<table>
356–357Templates, grid structure
376Text alternatives
352–353for decorative images
353detailed descriptions
353graphics and
355meaningful
353Third-party introductions
289TIME FORMAT pattern
324–326Time formats
see alsoInternationalization
event/activity time zones
325ISO 8601 recommendations
324local conventions
324time zone preferences
325variance
324Timelines
198–202benefits
199event detail access
200horizontal axis
200relationships
199uses
181zooming in/out
202TIMELINES pattern
198–202Toggle icons
385–387Tool tips
384Top-level domains (TLDs)
331Tractinsky, N.
365Traffic light indicators
88Transient highlighting
381Tree controls
16Trend icons
88TSV (tab-separated values)
221Tutorials
107U
UC Berkeley Pattern Library
392“Undo” function
219Unicode standard
314Unified login services
65–66Units of measure
327UNOBTRUSIVE JAVASCRIPT pattern
347–349UNOBTRUSIVE STYLE SHEETS pattern
345–347User accounts, locking
68User assistance
109User authentication
49–77automatic logout
71–74CAPTCHA
58–61forgotten usernames/passwords
74–77login
61–69logout
69–71registration
49–58unique credentials
49User preferences
customization from
98–99indication of
98liquid-width layouts
367personalization from
96–97USER PROFILE pattern
277–283User profiles
avatars
281basic contents
278building gradually
279–280completion indication
280dynamic
282in friend discovery
289handles
281identities
277“made-up” information
277private information
280–281pseudonyms
281questions
280universal identity options
279update incentives
280user management
277User ranks
285UTC (Coordinated Universal Time)
325Utility functions
220–223see alsoLists
alerts
223distinguishing
220export/download formats
221“Print”
221print preview
221–223schedules
223uses
220V
van Weilie, M.
389Verification, registration
56Vertical sliders
246Vinh, K.
374Visual design
365–388best practices
365components, balancing
365grid structure
373–376hierarchy
376–380liquid-width layout
365–368progressive layout
371–373Visual hierarchy
contrast
378–379creating
376–377functions
376information grouping
379page element importance
377persistent element placement
379–380VISUAL HIERARCHY pattern
376–380VOTE TO PROMOTE pattern
274–277W
W3C
6Wakiten (boten marks)
314Web Accessibility in Mind (WebAIM)
340Web applications
accessibility
339–364benefits
1–5browser-agnostic
6deployment
4design guidelines
8design patterns
9–11enterprise-level
104forms
15–48interface design challenges
5–9internationalization
311–338lists
181–223main page
79–109navigation
111–142network connectivity maturity/reliability
5RIAs
225–258searches
143–180social
259–310style guides
8usability
10user authentication
49–77user base
4visual design
365–388Web sites
1Web standards
5Why
11Widget roles
363Windows CardSpace
54Windows Eyes 5.5+
364Windows Vista User Experience Guidelines
15Winn, T.
394Wizards
136accordion design approach
137benefits
137defaults
140first step
137information, saving
141information summary
140infrequently used
139last page
140links/buttons, removing
140–141overview page
139steps, clarity
139steps, limiting
137user progress
140WYSIWYG (What You See Is What You Get)
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