Using the array arr with value a[0] = 9, a[1] = 2, a[2] = 5, a[3] = 4, a[4] = 3, determine the output of the code in Example 6-11.

    1 i = 0
    2 
    3 while (i < a.size)
    4 	puts a[i]
    5 	i = i + 1
    6 end

The code in Example 6-12 looks for the first two elements that are out of order and swaps them; however, it is not producing the correct results. Fix the code so that it works correctly.

    1 arr = [5, 22, 29, 39, 19, 51, 78, 96, 84]
    2 i = 0 
    3 while (i < arr.size - 1 and arr[i] < arr[i + 1])
    4     i = i + 1 
    5 end 
    6 puts i 
    7 
    8 arr[i] = arr[i + 1]
    9 arr[i + 1] = arr[i]

Write a program that splits an array into two arrays where any element in one array is smaller than any element in the other array. Solutions are not unique, but equally sized splits are desirable. The input can be any size array less than 100.

Example input: [6, 45, 23, 65, 17, 48, 97, 32, 18, 9, 88]

Example output: [6, 23, 17, 18 , 9] < [45, 65, 48, 97, 32, 88]

There are many ways to store image data. One way is to store pixel data in a two-dimensional array. The pixel data is itself a three-element array that describes the amount of red, green, and blue in the pixel. The amount of red, green, or blue is a number from 0 to 255. Here are a few example RGB values:

red = [255, 0, 0]
green = [0, 255, 0]
blue = [0, 0, 255]
black = [0, 0, 0]
white = [255, 255, 255]
yellow = [255, 255, 0]

Suppose you have a picture and need to count red pixels. For a pixel to be red, it must be within the following RGB constraints:

Write this program. Use this sample data to test your program:

sample =
[[[ 65, 67, 23], [234,176,  0], [143,  0,  0]],
 [[255, 30, 51], [156, 41, 38], [  3,243,176]],
 [[255,255,255], [  0,  0,  0], [133, 28, 13]],
 [[ 26, 43,255], [ 48,  2,  2], [ 57, 89,202]]]

This sample has three red pixels.

Function-plotting software must calculate a function at many points to plot it. Given the function:

The three witches in Hamlet can brew any potion provided they have the right ingredients. Suppose that five ingredients are necessary in making a health potion: eye of newt (eon), toe of frog (tof), wool of bat (wob), adder’s fork (af), and tooth of wolf (tow). Four reactions can occur between these ingredients: