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15
The 25 Best Landscape Astrophotography Targets

(And How to Photograph them)

This chapter presents the top twenty-five landscape astrophotography targets in alphabetical order. An example of each one is given along with a brief summary of suggested camera settings. Detailed descriptions of most of these subjects can be found elsewhere in the book. The suggested best times of night to shoot with respect to sunset/sunrise and the various stages of twilight are also noted. By doing so, you can easily make any necessary adjustments to account for your specific geographical locations or seasons. The number of images typically involved are also included, along with the suggested lens(es) that you might find appropriate. The majority of these images can be made anywhere in the world, with a few notable exceptions, so understanding these parameters can quickly get you up to speed.

Alpenglow

15.1 Alpenglow lights up luminous plumes of icy spindrift blown from the peak of Mt. Everest in the pre-dawn twilight.

15.1 Alpenglow lights up luminous plumes of icy spindrift blown from the peak of Mt. Everest in the pre-dawn twilight.

LENS (MM) All START Early civil twilight
ISO Low: 100–500 END Mid- to late civil twilight
APERTURE Sharpest (minimum + 2 stops) NO. IMAGES Variable
SHUTTER (SEC) Adjust as needed COMMENT Alpenglow fades rapidly—act quickly

Aurora Borealis/Australis

15.2 The shimmering lights of the Aurora Borealis have mesmerized people for generations. Here, intense curtains of light descend upon the shoreline of a frozen lake in northern Minnesota.

15.2 The shimmering lights of the Aurora Borealis have mesmerized people for generations. Here, intense curtains of light descend upon the shoreline of a frozen lake in northern Minnesota.

LENS (MM) Fisheye, 14–50 START Late astronomical twilight to full darkness
ISO 1600–12800 END Early astronomical twilight (pre-dawn)
APERTURE Minimum–sharpest NO. IMAGES Variable
SHUTTER (SEC) Adjust as needed COMMENT Keep shutter speed low to retain structure

Belt of Venus

15.3 The soft pinks of the Belt of Venus gently blend into the serene blues of the earth’s shadow. Both make beautiful backdrops to a variety of scenes.

15.3 The soft pinks of the Belt of Venus gently blend into the serene blues of the earth’s shadow. Both make beautiful backdrops to a variety of scenes.

LENS (MM) All START Sunset/early civil twilight (sunset)
Mid- to late civil twilight (sunrise)
ISO Low: 100–500 END Mid- to late civil twilight (sunset)
Early civil twilight/sunrise (sunrise)
APERTURE Sharpest (minimum + 2 stops) NO. IMAGES Variable
SHUTTER (SEC) Adjust as needed COMMENT The Belt of Venus changes rapidly—act quickly

Bioluminescence

15.4 The glowing lights of bioluminescent algae add an unearthly dimension to landscape astrophotographs.

15.4 The glowing lights of bioluminescent algae add an unearthly dimension to landscape astrophotographs.

Source: Alex Cherney/ www.terrastro.com /The World At Night

LENS (MM) Fisheye, 14–50 START End of astronomical twilight (post-sunset)
ISO 1600–12800 END Beginning of astronomical twilight (pre-dawn)
APERTURE Minimum—sharpest NO. IMAGES Variable
SHUTTER (SEC) Adjust as needed COMMENT Rare; requires careful planning

Blue Hour

15.5 The intense sky colors during blue hour provide the perfect backdrop to the warm colors of this capstone kiva in Utah’s desert southwest.

15.5 The intense sky colors during blue hour provide the perfect backdrop to the warm colors of this capstone kiva in Utah’s desert southwest.

LENS (MM) All START Evening: End of sunset
Morning: Beginning of astronomical twilight
ISO Low: 100–500 END Evening: End of astronomical twilight
Morning: Beginning of sunrise
APERTURE Sharpest (minimum + 2 stops) NO. IMAGES Variable
SHUTTER (SEC) Adjust as needed COMMENT Easy image to make; good silhouette opportunity

Cityscapes

15.6 “As the Moon rose and the Sun set on October 8, a lunar eclipse was in progress seen from Chongqing, China. Trailing through this composite time exposure, the rising moon began as a dark reddened disk in total eclipse near the eastern horizon. Steadily climbing above the populous city’s colorful lights along the Yangtze River, the moon trail grows brighter and broader, until a bright Full Moon emerged from the earth’s shadow in evening skies.”—Yannan Zhou (photographer)

15.6 “As the Moon rose and the Sun set on October 8, a lunar eclipse was in progress seen from Chongqing, China. Trailing through this composite time exposure, the rising moon began as a dark reddened disk in total eclipse near the eastern horizon. Steadily climbing above the populous city’s colorful lights along the Yangtze River, the moon trail grows brighter and broader, until a bright Full Moon emerged from the earth’s shadow in evening skies.”—Yannan Zhou (photographer)

Source: Zhou Yannan/ www.flickr.com/photos/zhouyannan /The World At Night

LENS (MM) All; generally wide-angle START Golden hour (sunset)
ISO 100–1600 END Golden hour (sunrise)
APERTURE Sharpest (minimum + 2 stops) NO. IMAGES Variable
SHUTTER (SEC) Adjust as needed COMMENT Good FLW filter opportunity during civil/nautical twilight

Constellations

15.7 The stars of Boötes and Ursa Major glow over this remote lake in Minnesota’s Boundary Waters Canoe Area and Wilderness (BWCAW).

15.7 The stars of Boötes and Ursa Major glow over this remote lake in Minnesota’s Boundary Waters Canoe Area and Wilderness (BWCAW).

LENS (MM) Fisheye, 14–35 START Mid-astronomical twilight (post-sunset)
ISO 1600–12800 END Mid-astronomical twilight (pre-dawn)
APERTURE Minimum—sharpest NO. IMAGES Variable
SHUTTER (SEC) Focal length (mm)/ 500 COMMENT Good fog filter opportunity

Crescent Moon

15.8 The waxing crescent moon and a crescent Venus (lower right) set gracefully over the Cologne Cathedral in Germany.

15.8 The waxing crescent moon and a crescent Venus (lower right) set gracefully over the Cologne Cathedral in Germany.

Source: Bernd Pröschold/ www.sternstunden.net /The World At Night

LENS (MM) 50 mm and higher START Mid-civil twilight (post-sunset)
ISO 100–1600 END Mid-civil twilight (pre-dawn)
APERTURE Sharpest (minimum + 2 stops) NO. IMAGES Variable
SHUTTER (SEC) Adjust as needed COMMENT Easiest when close to horizon and next to foreground subjects

Full Moon

15.9 The full moon rises over the Parthenon in Athens, Greece.

15.9 The full moon rises over the Parthenon in Athens, Greece.

Source: Anthony Ayiomamitis / www.perseus.gr / The World At Night

LENS (MM) 50 mm and higher START Late golden hour—sunset
Mid-civil twilight—sunrise
ISO 100–1600 END Mid-civil twilight—sunset
Early golden hour—sunrise
APERTURE Sharpest (minimum + 2 stops) NO. IMAGES Variable
SHUTTER (SEC) Adjust as needed COMMENT Easiest when close to horizon and next to foreground subjects

Golden Hour/Sunset/Sunrise

15.10 The warm hues of the golden hour are a reliable time to make beautiful images, such as this classic scene of a surfer getting ready to catch some waves in the last light of the day in Southern California.

15.10 The warm hues of the golden hour are a reliable time to make beautiful images, such as this classic scene of a surfer getting ready to catch some waves in the last light of the day in Southern California.

Source: Scott Freeman

LENS (MM) 14–50 START Golden hour (sunset)
ISO 100–1600 END Golden hour (sunrise)
APERTURE Sharpest (minimum + 2 stops) NO. IMAGES Variable
SHUTTER (SEC) Adjust as needed COMMENT Good silhouette opportunity

Light Painting/Drawing

15.11 Light painting is a good way to include a high-resolution foreground subject, light-painted at a low ISO setting, with a nightscape created at a much higher ISO.

15.11 Light painting is a good way to include a high-resolution foreground subject, light-painted at a low ISO setting, with a nightscape created at a much higher ISO.

LENS (MM) 14–50 START Mid-astronomical twilight (post-sunset)
ISO 100–1600 END Mid-astronomical twilight (pre-dawn)
APERTURE Sharpest (minimum + 2 stops) NO. IMAGES Variable
SHUTTER (SEC) Adjust as needed COMMENT Wide variety of light sources available

Lunar Eclipse

15.12 The movement of the moon through the earth’s shadow during a lunar eclipse is seen clearly in this beautiful time-lapse image.

15.12 The movement of the moon through the earth’s shadow during a lunar eclipse is seen clearly in this beautiful time-lapse image.

Source: Uli Fehr / www.fehrpics.com

LENS (MM) 24 mm and higher START Mid-civil twilight (post-sunset)
ISO 100–1600 END Mid-civil twilight (pre-dawn)
APERTURE Sharpest (minimum + 2 stops) NO. IMAGES Variable
SHUTTER (SEC) Adjust as needed COMMENT Requires planning

Magellanic Clouds

15.13 Both the Large and Small Magellanic Clouds are seen in this image of Mt. Kilimanjaro, as seen from Amboseli National Park, southern Kenya.

15.13 Both the Large and Small Magellanic Clouds are seen in this image of Mt. Kilimanjaro, as seen from Amboseli National Park, southern Kenya.

Source: Steed Jun Yu / NightChina.net / The World At Night

LENS (MM) 14–50 START Mid-astronomical twilight (post-sunset)
ISO 1600–12800 END Mid-astronomical twilight (pre-dawn)
APERTURE Wide open (minimum f-stop) NO. IMAGES Variable
SHUTTER (SEC) Focal length (mm)/ 500 COMMENT Southern Hemisphere only

Meteor/Meteor Shower

15.14 “You might say it’s a matter of luck to get nice Northern Lights and an amazing fireball. Well, it’s not quite true. When you shoot the Lights every clear night, chances increase by a good factor. So, as in many other fields, dedication gets your job done in night sky photography. During the three or four nights before the shot, I observed many bright meteors and I just felt this one coming.”—Alex Conu (photographer)

15.14 “You might say it’s a matter of luck to get nice Northern Lights and an amazing fireball. Well, it’s not quite true. When you shoot the Lights every clear night, chances increase by a good factor. So, as in many other fields, dedication gets your job done in night sky photography. During the three or four nights before the shot, I observed many bright meteors and I just felt this one coming.”—Alex Conu (photographer)

Source: Alex Conu / alexconu.com

LENS (MM) Fisheye, 14–50 START Mid-astronomical twilight (post-sunset)
ISO 1600–12800 END Mid-astronomical twilight (pre-dawn)
APERTURE Largest opening NO. IMAGES Variable
SHUTTER (SEC) Focal length (mm)/ 500 COMMENT Requires planning

Milky Way — Galactic Core

15.15 The Milky Way galactic core sets behind ancient petroglyphs in California’s high desert.

15.15 The Milky Way galactic core sets behind ancient petroglyphs in California’s high desert.

Source: Grant Kaye / http://grantkaye.com

LENS (MM) 14–50 START Mid-astronomical twilight (post-sunset)
ISO 1600–12800 END Mid-astronomical twilight (pre-dawn)
APERTURE Wide open (minimum f-stop) NO. IMAGES Variable
SHUTTER (SEC) Focal length (mm)/ 500 COMMENT July, August best months

Milky Way — Panorama

15.16 The mid-summer Milky Way arcs gracefully over campsites next to Florence Dome in California’s High Sierra. This panorama image is comprised of two rows of thirteen images, or twenty-six images in total.

15.16 The mid-summer Milky Way arcs gracefully over campsites next to Florence Dome in California’s High Sierra. This panorama image is comprised of two rows of thirteen images, or twenty-six images in total.

LENS (MM) Fisheye, 14–50 START Mid-astronomical twilight (post-sunset)
ISO 1600–12800 END Mid-astronomical twilight (pre-dawn)
APERTURE Wide open (minimum f-stop) NO. IMAGES Variable
SHUTTER (SEC) Focal length (mm)/ 500 COMMENT June, July, August best months; panorama head valuable

Moonlit Landscape with Starry Skies

15.17 “Night arrives in the remote Saharan Desert of Tassili National Park; a World Heritage Site in southern Algeria. While the Sahara man (Taureg people) prepares their traditional mint tea, stars of Scorpius rise from the east, the Centaurus shines in the southeast, and the Southern Cross barely rise above the cliffs in south. The view is made in adventure The World At Night (TWAN) trip to the heart of Sahara. Prehistoric skygazers surely witnessed a similar sky. Tassili region is noted for rock paintings and archaeological sites dating to neolithic times.”—Babak Tafreshi

15.17 “Night arrives in the remote Saharan Desert of Tassili National Park; a World Heritage Site in southern Algeria. While the Sahara man (Taureg people) prepares their traditional mint tea, stars of Scorpius rise from the east, the Centaurus shines in the southeast, and the Southern Cross barely rise above the cliffs in south. The view is made in adventure The World At Night (TWAN) trip to the heart of Sahara. Prehistoric skygazers surely witnessed a similar sky. Tassili region is noted for rock paintings and archaeological sites dating to neolithic times.”—Babak Tafreshi

Source: Babak Tafreshi/ www.dreamview.net / www.twanight.org /The World At Night

LENS (MM) All START Mid-nautical twilight (post-sunset)
ISO 100–3200 END Mid-nautical twilight (pre-dawn)
APERTURE Sharpest (minimum + 2 stops) NO. IMAGES Variable
SHUTTER (SEC) Adjust as needed COMMENT Wide opportunity for creativity

Panorama

15.18 The Aurora Borealis arcs gracefully over one of Minnesota’s thousands of lakes in this panorama image, comprised of three rows of eight images, or twenty-four images in total.

15.18 The Aurora Borealis arcs gracefully over one of Minnesota’s thousands of lakes in this panorama image, comprised of three rows of eight images, or twenty-four images in total.

LENS (MM) 24–50 START Golden hour (pre-sunset)
ISO 1600–12800 END Golden hour (post-sunrise)
APERTURE Wide open (minimum f-stop) NO. IMAGES Variable
SHUTTER (SEC) Adjust as needed COMMENT Wide opportunity for creativity, planning helpful.
Act quickly to avoid changes in exposure.

Planetary Conjunctions

15.19 A relatively rare, four-planet planetary conjunction (five if you include Earth!), clearly illustrates the flatness of the solar system.

15.19 A relatively rare, four-planet planetary conjunction (five if you include Earth!), clearly illustrates the flatness of the solar system.

LENS (MM) 14 and higher START Mid-civil twilight (post-sunset)
ISO 100–1600 END Mid-civil twilight (pre-dawn)
APERTURE Sharpest (minimum + 2 stops) NO. IMAGES Variable
SHUTTER (SEC) Adjust as needed COMMENT Rare; requires planning

Rocket Launch

15.20 A rocket launch is a stunning nightscape subject, as seen here for this Atlas 5 rocket launch from Cape Canaveral, Florida.

15.20 A rocket launch is a stunning nightscape subject, as seen here for this Atlas 5 rocket launch from Cape Canaveral, Florida.

Source: Ben Cooper / www.launchphotography.com

LENS (MM) 14 mm and higher START Golden hour (pre-sunset)
ISO 100–6400 END Golden hour (post-sunrise)
APERTURE Sharpest (minimum + 2 stops) NO. IMAGES Variable
Shutter (sec) Adjust as needed COMMENT Requires travel; only in very specific locations

Solar Eclipse

15.21 “The evolution of the 2006 March 29th’s total solar eclipse above Apollo’s temple in Side, Turkey.”—Cristina Ţintǎ (photographer)

15.21 “The evolution of the 2006 March 29th’s total solar eclipse above Apollo’s temple in Side, Turkey.”—Cristina Ţintǎ (photographer)

Source: Cristina Ţintǎ/ www.flickr.com/photos/cristinatinta /The World At Night

LENS (MM) 14–50; telephoto for just eclipsed sun START Sunrise
ISO 100–1600 END Sunset
APERTURE Sharpest (minimum + 2 stops) NO. IMAGES Variable
SHUTTER (SEC) Adjust as needed COMMENT Extremely rare; requires planning and travel. Note: totality only lasts a few minutes!

Star Trails

15.22 Over three hours of star trails combine in this mesmerizing composite image made in northern Minnesota.

15.22 Over three hours of star trails combine in this mesmerizing composite image made in northern Minnesota.

LENS (MM) Fisheye, 14–50 START Late nautical twilight (post-sunset)
ISO 1600–12800 END Early nautical twilight (pre-dawn)
APERTURE Wide open (minimum f-stop) NO. IMAGES Hundreds
SHUTTER (SEC) Adjust as needed COMMENT Easy image once learned

Time-Lapse

15.23 Dusk blends into complete darkness over Hovenweep National Monument in southern Utah.

15.23 Dusk blends into complete darkness over Hovenweep National Monument in southern Utah.

LENS (MM) Fisheye, 14–50 START Golden hour (pre-sunset)
ISO 1600–12800 END Golden hour (post-sunrise)
APERTURE Wide open (minimum f-stop) NO. IMAGES Hundreds
SHUTTER (SEC) Adjust as needed COMMENT Easy once learned; new frontier of nightscapes

Volcano

15.24 “This image was made on the 1st of October 2008, on the summit of the volcanic island of Stromboli. I wasn’t expecting to make such an image, as time was very limited. You can’t climb the Stromboli volcano on your own these days, so it’s always a guided climb. But it turned out to be just at the right moment: shortly after sunset, already dark enough to see the Big Dipper, but not quite too dark to lose the foreground.”—Philippe Mollet (photographer)

15.24 “This image was made on the 1st of October 2008, on the summit of the volcanic island of Stromboli. I wasn’t expecting to make such an image, as time was very limited. You can’t climb the Stromboli volcano on your own these days, so it’s always a guided climb. But it turned out to be just at the right moment: shortly after sunset, already dark enough to see the Big Dipper, but not quite too dark to lose the foreground.”—Philippe Mollet (photographer)

Source: Philippe Mollet / The World At Night

LENS (MM) 14–50 mm START Mid-astronomical twilight (post-sunset)
ISO 100–1600 END Mid-astronomical twilight (pre-dawn)
APERTURE Sharpest (minimum + 2 stops) NO. IMAGES Variable
SHUTTER (SEC) Adjust as needed COMMENT Extremely rare; requires extensive planning and availability

Zodiacal Light

15.25 The faint cone of zodiacal light reaches upwards from the horizon (left) to intersect the arc of the summer Milky Way (right) in this fisheye lens view created in a dark location just outside Sydney, Australia.

15.25 The faint cone of zodiacal light reaches upwards from the horizon (left) to intersect the arc of the summer Milky Way (right) in this fisheye lens view created in a dark location just outside Sydney, Australia.

LENS (MM) Fisheye, 14–50 START End of astronomical twilight (post-sunset)
ISO 1600–12800 END Beginning of astronomical twilight (pre-dawn)
APERTURE Wide open (minimum f-stop) NO. IMAGES Variable
SHUTTER (SEC) Focal length (mm)/ 500 COMMENT Elusive but stunning
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