MacGregor, Carol Ann, xvii
Main Street, 3, 74; churches and, 217, 225, 253; civic identity and, 57, 74–75, 79, 82, 87, 99; coffee shops and, 17, 33, 49, 59, 75, 118, 125, 130, 181, 225, 315, 339, 345, 357; as community space, 344–45, 359; community spirit and, 104, 133, 138; drugstores and, 4, 99, 125, 155; farm supply stores and, 17, 53, 363; future planning and, 329; general store and, 57–58; grocery stores and, 1, 68, 75, 78–79, 82, 86–87, 104, 118, 142, 225, 227, 235, 330, 344; hardware stores and, 4, 17, 41, 50, 58, 87, 99, 104, 164–65, 181, 188, 246, 338; leadership and, 181, 186, 196, 202, 212, 215; politics and, 306; post offices and, xi–xii, 17, 36, 53, 58–61, 70, 82, 116, 119, 125, 196, 225, 235, 255, 299, 344, 348; quiet, 79; research methodology and, 376; Route version and, 57–58; service class and, 33; sidewalks and, 75; store closings and, 5; Survey version and, 57–58; Walmart and, 1, 83, 87–88, 94, 158, 173, 199, 204, 382, 409n42, 409n43
manufacturing: American Community Surveys and, 401n14; civic identity and, 75, 81–86, 95–96; community spirit and, 115, 120; Economic Research Services and, 407n32, 408n36; employment and, xii–xiii, 11, 21, 26, 34–37, 44–45, 50, 75, 81–86, 95–96, 115, 120, 143–44, 156–57, 165, 168, 194, 200–202, 209, 211, 215, 252, 256, 263, 322, 334, 341, 367, 401n14, 407n32, 408n36, 419n6; foreign competition and, 37; frog-pond effect and, 143–44, 156–57, 165, 168; future planning and, 341; immigrants and, 419n6; leadership and, 194, 200–202, 209, 211, 215; lifelong learning and, 334; plant closings and, 252; socioeconomic status and, 21, 26, 34–37, 44–45, 50
Mardi Gras, 108
marriage, 4; civic identity and, 54–55, 57, 402n4; college and, 325–26; divorce and, 75, 85, 151–52, 155–56, 158, 191, 266, 312, 444n4; early, 14, 324–26; economic issues and, 246; frog-pond effect and, 146, 152, 154–55, 158, 175, 422n18; future planning and, 325–26, 337; gay, 278–82, 287–88; morals and, 266–67, 270, 278–83, 287–88, 436n9, 437n12; postponed, 424n3; religion and, 231; socioeconomic status and, 32–33; within ethnic group, 126
Martone, Christi, xvii
Marx, Karl, 6
Mary Elizabeth Maternity Home, 273
May Day, 109
mayors, 7, 25, 178, 181–82, 185, 192–94, 196, 233, 272, 299, 307, 348, 367, 413n10, 439n6
Mayville, Wisconsin, 186
McBride, Lorraine, 312
McCain, John, 309, 314, 317–18
McCamey, Texas, 250
McDonald’s, 15, 39, 42, 96, 118
media portrayals, 7, 15, 51, 101, 131, 154, 231, 281, 370, 398n26
membership criteria, 342, 346–48
metropolitan areas, xvi–xvii, 357, 361, 391n2, 393n7, 397n20; civic identity and, 1, 52, 55, 57, 59, 61, 68–69, 73, 76, 87, 404n15, 406n28, 408n37, 409n43, 410n50, 411n52; college and, 48; community spirit and, 101, 112, 117–18, 412n4, 418n33; frog-pond effect and, 158, 163, 419n2, 419n4, 419n6; future planning and, 319, 321, 325, 327, 329, 443n2, 444n4, 444n5; hassles of, 61; lack of care in, 117; leadership and, 200, 218, 425n5, 427n19; morals and, 269–70, 279, 287, 436n3, 436n9, 437n14; museums and, 188; politics and, 296, 309, 313; poverty and, 18; racial issues and, 446n5; religion and, 226, 254, 256, 260–61, 432n11, 433n18; research methodology and, 363, 365; scorn and, 128–32, 137, 291, 417n30; small towns near, xi–xiii, 5, 10, 40, 394n11; social scientists and, 6; stability and, 57; Standard Metropolitan Statistical Area (MSA) and, 402n3; suburbs and, xii, xv, 1–2, 5–7, 15 (see also suburbs); urbanization and, 18, 274, 395n12, 395n15, 396n17, 400n9, 401n1, 407n33, 408n38, 427n19; values and, 52
Mexican Independence Day, 111
Middleburg, Virginia, 19
middle class: civic identity and, 61, 73, 95; community spirit and, 118; frog-pond effect and, 151, 156, 161; leadership and, 180; socioeconomic status and, 6, 21, 46–47, 61, 73, 95, 118, 151, 156, 161, 180, 332
Milagro, Don Pedro, 62–64, 118
Mildred, Kansas, 18
Millen, Georgia, 84
Milton, John, 134
miners, xiii, 25, 37; churches and, 252–53; civic identity and, 61, 79, 81, 85, 341, 367, 407n32, 408n36, 408n39, 409n40; community spirit and, 106, 116, 129; leadership and, 209; politics and, 312, 442n19
ministerial alliances, 218, 229–30, 250, 253
missionaries, 237, 240, 260–61, 372, 385, 434n24
Missouri Census Data Center, 365, 395n15
money. See economic issues
morals, xv–xvi; abortion and, 13, 234–35, 265, 268–82, 287–88, 311–12, 316, 318, 325, 367, 373, 388–89, 436n2; activism and, 265, 272, 276–78, 282, 285; alcohol and, 287; beliefs and, 263, 274, 289; Bible and, 263–64, 266, 281, 283–84, 286; blow jobs and, 275, 285; capital punishment and, 271; caring and, 264; children and, 264–72, 275–76, 280, 283–85, 438n15; college and, 266, 285; common sense and, 287–89; conservatives and, 6, 263–64, 268, 273, 275, 277–78, 335; cultural issues and, 264–65, 268, 277–78, 281, 289, 438n15; decline of, 13, 264–69, 274, 276, 292; diversity and, 284; doctors and, 268, 272; drugs and, 264–65, 267–68, 287, 367; education and, 266, 269–70, 279, 285, 287, 436n3, 436n9; elections and, 288, 291; ethnicity and, 264, 276, 284; evolution and, 283–87; family and, 264–68, 271, 275–76, 280, 286, 437n11; farmers and, 266, 272; gay marriage and, 279–82, 287–88; gender and, 269, 277, 279, 282, 436n2, 436n9; Golden Rule and, 115; gossip and, 279; health issues and, 270–73; homosexuality and, 13, 234–35, 265, 278–83, 287–88, 318, 436n9; incest and, 269, 276, 436n2; lawyers and, 264; loyalty and, 274; marriage and, 266–67, 270, 278–83, 287–88, 436n9, 437n12; metropolitan areas and, 269–70, 279, 287, 436n3, 436n9, 437n14; neighbors and, 267–68, 274, 276, 288–89; nude dancing and, 263, 265, 267; out-of-wedlock pregnancies and, 264, 266, 270–73, 276, 277–78; outsiders and, 267, 270, 438n16; parents and, 285, 438n15; pornography and, 264, 280; prayer and, 271, 283–85; prolife and, 268–72, 276–77, 310–11; psychology and, 280; racial issues and, 265, 285, 439n5; rape and, 269–71, 276–77, 436n2; respect and, 277, 280–81, 288, 350; schools and, 263, 266–67, 282–89, 436n9, 437n13, 438n15, 438n16; sex and, 263–65, 267, 270, 275–83, 287–88, 316, 318, 324, 436n9; social networks and, 278; suburbs and, 264, 268, 274, 436n9; teachers and, 263, 287, 438n15, 438n18; teenagers and, 266, 273; television and, 212, 231, 264, 268, 281; Ten Commandments and, 13, 283–85, 287, 389, 438n15; trust and, 275; values and, 264–68, 274–79, 399n6; women and, 264, 268, 275, 277
mortgages, 24, 34, 41–42, 84, 155
Mountain Heritage Arts and Crafts Festival, 109
multiple regression analysis, 435n28
murder, xiii, 191, 240, 273–75
music, 328; civic identity and, 68, 74; community spirit and, 108–9, 125; concerts and, 72–74, 108, 157, 236, 250, 261, 275, 362; ethnicity and, 111, 355; frog-pond effect and, 151, 160, 172–73; hymns and, 217, 222, 228, 234, 247; leadership and, 184, 193, 213; opera and, 72, 109–10; religion and, 217, 222–23, 226–29, 234, 247–48
Muslims, 217, 248, 317, 428n1, 435n30
Myers, Karen, xvii
Myers, Steve, xvii
Narrow-mindedness, 154, 326–27
National Center for Charitable Statistics, 425n4
National Center for Education Statistics (NCES), 104, 413n8, 444n3, 445n6
National Voting Rights Act, 88–89
natural resources, 197
neighbors: affinity groups and, 102, 225–26; caring and, 187 (see also caring); charity and, 114, 117–18, 121–22 (see also charity); civic identity and, 51–53, 56–58, 60–71, 75–78, 85–86, 89, 96, 98–99; civility and, 123–25, 281, 288, 415n21; clubs and, 23, 25–28, 32, 36, 46, 48–49, 103, 122, 124–25, 127, 182–86, 190, 246, 267, 329, 355–56, 400n10, 442n1; coffee shops and, 225; collective efficacy and, 112–14, 414n16; community spirit and, 101–3, 110–38, 343, 411n1, 412n4; continuing community ties and, 336–38; conviviality and, 125, 355, 417n29; etiquette and, 20, 119–20; fraternal organizations and, 48, 183–84, 401n21; friendships with, xi–xvi, 2–7, 10–11, 15, 345–51, 354, 356–57, 361–64, 394n11, 434n22; frog-pond effect and, 146–56, 163–64, 173, 175; fund-raisers and, 115, 185; future planning and, 319, 329, 335–39; Golden Rule and, 115; gossip and, 59 (see also gossip); knowing everyone and, 4, 101, 163; leadership and, 179–82, 185–90, 194, 196, 202–13; leaving opportunities open and, 338–39; morals and, 267–68, 274, 276, 288–89; nearest-neighbor analysis and, 204–6, 427n17, 427n18; newcomers and, 126–28; picnics and, 107, 109, 111, 124–25, 185, 381; politics and, 293–96, 301–2, 305–7, 311–12, 316; privacy and, 75, 119, 387, 391; religion and, 221, 225, 228–29, 232, 241–42, 245, 255–61, 434n22; research methodology and, 204–6, 370–71, 376, 388, 427n17, 427n18; respect and, 165 (see also respect); scandals and, 30, 75, 194, 232, 353; school boards and, 137; scorn and, 128–32, 137, 291, 417n30; sending cards and, 119–20; social networks and, 3–4, 14–15, 50, 148, 191–92, 278, 316, 343, 345, 356–58, 361, 392n5, 416n28, 447n15; socioeconomic status and, 17–18, 22–23, 25, 27–29, 35, 42–43, 47, 49; squabbles with, 425n7; support of, 2, 115, 123, 137, 174, 228, 237–39, 243, 251, 255, 260; tragedies and, 112–18; trust and, 61, 112–14, 175, 177, 181; unwritten code of being good, 118–25; waving and, 60, 119, 137, 348, 415n22
newcomers, 5, 7, 12, 355; challenges of, 120–21, 126–28, 137; civic identity and, 51–53, 56, 62, 76, 94, 98; community spirit and, 102–3, 107, 111, 117, 119, 126–28, 137, 416n24, 418n36; frog-pond effect and, 157; future planning and, 339; leadership and, 181, 189, 193, 202, 207–8; membership criteria and, 342, 346–48; neighbors and, 394n11; old-timers and, xii, 60, 100, 103, 107, 111, 126–27, 160, 229, 245, 346, 446n5; politics and, 295, 440n8; religion and, 229, 246, 248, 253, 258–60; research methodology and, 371; scorn and, 128–32, 137, 291, 417n30; sense of belonging and, 346; socioeconomic status and, 23, 39; volunteers and, 127; welcome committees and, 127–28
New Deal, 297
newspapers, xii, 284, 347, 391n2, 442n1; civic identity and, 70–71, 99; community spirit and, 106–7, 123, 131; frog-pond effect and, 152, 161, 419n3; leadership and, 188–89, 191, 193–94, 199, 202, 427n15; politics and, 247, 315; socioeconomic status and, 24, 30–31, 47
New York Times, 211
Nixon, Richard Milhous, 292
nonprofit organizations, 143, 159, 182–83, 425n4
North Stonington, Connecticut, 197
nursing homes, 1, 29, 41, 43, 62, 118, 158, 173, 185, 187, 203, 227, 241, 250, 261, 306, 350
Obama, Barack, 309, 314–15, 317–18, 440n7
O’Brien, Margaret, 192–95, 272, 274
Oglala Sioux, 191
old buildings, 40, 142, 195, 198, 256
Old Chuck, 121
Oldenberg, Ray, 125, 345, 417n29
Old Home Week, 108
Old-timers: civic identity and, xii, 60, 100, 103, 107, 111, 126–27, 160, 229, 245, 346, 446n5; community spirit and, 103, 107, 111, 126–27; frog-pond effect and, 160; immigrants and, 100; religion and, 229, 246; slow pace and, 60
opportunities, 353, 357, 362–63; American Dream and, 139–41, 148–51, 418n1, 421n10; balanced life and, 148–51; civic identity and, 55, 65–67, 73–74, 89, 94, 98; community spirit and, 109, 111, 117, 132, 134–35, 138; denominational programs and, 238; education and, 1; employment and, 12–13, 139–40, 142, 145, 147–48, 150, 155–62, 169–71, 175, 419n3, 419n6; farming’s legacy and, 163–71; frog-pond effect and, 139–40, 142, 145, 147–48, 150, 155–62, 169–71, 175, 419n3, 419n6; future planning and, 323–29, 332, 335–39; gender and, 157–63; interrupted lives and, 151–57, 171–73; leadership and, 24, 177, 181, 189, 193, 199, 208, 212–15, 428n25; politics and, 291, 294, 316; religion and, 238, 255; research methodology and, 367, 374, 386; restricted range of options and, 142–48; socioeconomic status and, 24–25, 28–29; travel and, 10–11 (see also travel)
Ortega, Manuel, 95
outsiders, 4; civic identity and, 78, 342, 346, 349, 352, 354; community spirit and, 78, 106, 126, 131–32; frog-pond effect and, 160, 170; leadership and, 189, 198; membership criteria and, 342, 346–48; morals and, 267, 270, 438n16; religion and, 255; socioeconomic status and, 20
Oxford, Maryland, 19
packsackers, 416n24
Palin, Sarah, 291–92, 314–15, 317–18, 438n1, 442n20
parents, 4, 12, 14, 345; civic identity and, 54, 62, 65, 67, 69–70, 74–75, 86, 98; college and, 368; community spirit and, 106, 125, 134; frog-pond effect and, 139, 143–58, 161–64, 168–72, 422n17, 422n18; future planning and, 319–29, 332–38, 442n1; leadership and, 187, 193–95, 212–13; morals and, 285, 438n15; religion and, 223, 232, 246, 252, 260; research methodology and, 368–69; socioeconomic status and, 29, 32, 35–36, 39, 43
parent-teacher organizations, 48, 182–83, 186
Parsons, Greg, 29, 32, 55, 59, 114, 149–50, 180, 225–26, 230, 295
peer pressure, 279
Pennsylvania, 82
pensioners: civic identity and, 86, 409n40; coffee shops and, 345; destitute, 42; frog-pond effect and, 147, 157; leadership and, 210; Social Security and, xiii, 11, 21, 31, 37, 39, 41–43, 153, 172, 210, 297, 440n7; socioeconomic status and, 11, 21, 37–43, 49, 86, 147, 157, 210, 345, 409n40; volunteers and, 39
Picher, Oklahoma, 116
picnics, 107, 109, 111, 124–25, 185, 381
pioneer days, 111
Plainville, Missouri, 19
Planned Parenthood, 273
play: athletics and, 1 (see also athletics); cards and, 145, 225; children and, 1, 62, 64–69, 82, 106, 133, 159, 164, 172, 259, 327, 337, 352–53, 413n10; music and, 125, 172, 172–73
police, 387; civic identity and, 99; community spirit and, 108; leadership and, 191, 193–94, 210; meth labs and, 210–15; politics and, 300, 305–6
politics: abortion and, 310–11; activism and, 14, 134, 265, 272, 276–78, 282, 285, 292, 313–18; agriculture and, 297, 300, 307, 310, 440n7; antipathy toward big government and, 293–300; beliefs and, 295; biased government programs and, 297; capital punishment and, 271; Carter and, 292; children and, 301, 312, 315, 440n8, 440n9; chiselers and, 298; city councils and, 123, 178–79, 185, 187, 232, 303, 307; Clinton and, 292; coffee shops and, 315; college and, 312; community leadership and, 177–215; conservatives and, 5–6, 13, 31, 130, 208, 230, 247, 250, 263–64, 268, 273, 275, 277–78, 312–13, 316–18, 335, 357–58, 435n1; cooperation and, 305–8; crime and, 299, 306; cultivation of dependence and, 297–98; cultural issues and, 295, 309; decline and, 292, 299, 303; Democrats and, 14, 194, 271, 273, 299, 305, 308–14, 335, 373, 378, 384, 441n13, 442n20; diversity and, 315; doctors and, 299, 318; drug use and, 295; education and, 439n5, 441n13; Eisenhower and, 292; elections and, 303 (see also elections); ethnicity and, 299, 314, 442n18; family and, 292–95, 316, 318; federal grants and, 300; gay marriage and, 279–82, 287–88; gender and, 192, 439n5, 441n13; George H. W. Bush and, 292; George W. Bush and, 292, 311; good work of government and, 300–302; health issues and, 293–94, 297–300, 317, 439n5, 439n6, 440n9; holding office and, 192–95; Huckabee and, 318; Internet and, 296, 315; Johnson and, 292, 317; Kennedy and, 292; lawyers and, 439n6; lesser of two evils and, 295–96; liberals and, 31, 264, 282, 312–13, 316–17, 330, 333, 358; McCain and, 309, 314, 317–18; mayors and, 7, 25, 178, 181–82, 185, 192–94, 196, 233, 272, 299, 307, 348, 367, 413n10, 439n6; metropolitan areas and, 296, 309, 313; neighbors and, 293–96, 301–2, 305–7, 311–12, 316; newcomers and, 295, 440n8; New Deal and, 297; newspapers and, 247, 315; Nixon and, 292; Obama and, 309, 314–15, 317–18, 440n7; opportunities and, 291, 294, 316; Palin and, 291–92, 314–15, 317–18, 438n1, 442n20; populism and, 14, 291–92, 298, 313, 315, 364, 439n2; prochoice and, 311–12; prolife and, 310–11; racial issues and, 88, 292–94, 300–301, 306, 308, 310, 313–15, 317, 442n18, 442n20; Reagan and, 292; religion and, 249, 318; Republicans and, 14, 89, 193–94, 271, 273, 275, 280, 286, 291, 299, 305, 308–14, 317, 357, 373, 378, 384, 440n7, 441n13; respect and, 305, 308, 316; retirees and, 297, 301; Roosevelt and, 291, 297, 440n7; schools and, 296, 299, 301, 304–7, 310, 312–13, 315–16, 440n8, 440n9; scorn and, 291; self-sufficiency and, 308; simplicity and, 292; slow pace and, 306–7; small town, 302–6 (see also leadership); social capital and, 303; socialism and, 298, 300, 317–18; social networks and, 316; social tensions and, 306–8; subsidies and, 23, 31, 33, 157, 201–2, 300, 440n8; suburbs and, 292, 442n18; taxes and, 292–93, 298–99, 305–6, 315–16, 318, 347; teachers and, 312, 319–20, 322, 324, 329, 336; Tea Party and, 313–14, 317, 441n17, 442n19, 442n20; television and, 313, 318; tourism and, 296, 317; town councils and, 28, 125, 179, 182, 194, 208, 303, 305–7, 310; town meetings and, 104, 124, 188, 197, 208, 299, 316, 339, 355, 413n10; traffic and, 295; Truman and, 291–92, 439n3; trust and, 295–96, 302–5, 315, 442n25; values and, 291–92, 295, 300, 313; volunteers and, 316; voting and, 4, 88, 153, 197, 309–11, 347, 351; Watergate scandal and, 292
Poor Richard’s Principle: Recovering the American Dream through the Moral Dimension of Work, Business, and Money (Wuthnow), 445n10
Pope, Jeremy C., 309
population decline, 391n2, 393n7; churches and, 218, 229, 233, 241, 243–47, 250, 252, 254, 434n27; civic identity and, 89, 91–92, 96, 99–100, 344, 359, 403n6, 407n32, 407n34, 408n35, 408n37, 408n38; community spirit and, 104–5, 110, 116; frog-pond effect and, 155, 169; future planning and, 327–28, 330; leadership and, 178, 182, 195, 205–14; politics and, 291; research methodology and, 366, 371, 379, 381, 386
population growth, 6, 69, 76, 178, 214, 319, 407n34
populism, 14, 291–92, 298, 313, 315, 364, 439n2
Porterfield, Sara, 190
Portes, Alejandro, 410n48, 426n13, 431n10
post offices and, xi–xii, 17, 36, 344, 348; civic identity and, 53, 58–61, 70, 82; community spirit and, 116, 119, 125; gossip and, 225, 235, 255; leadership and, 196; private enterprise and, 299
poverty, 6, 228, 261; civic identity and, 85, 97–98; frog-pond effect and, 151; future planning and, 329; public policy and, 251; socioeconomic status and, 18, 25
prayer: morals and, 271, 283–85; religion and, 173, 227–28, 248, 258, 261, 271, 283–85, 316, 438n16; in schools, 284–85, 316, 438n16
pregnancy, 85, 148, 172; morals and, 264, 266, 270–73, 276, 278; out-of-wedlock, 264, 266, 270–73, 276, 277, 278; unplanned, 151. See also abortion
Prescott, Marcy, 163
principals, 107, 301, 330, 333–35, 366–67
privacy, 30, 75, 119, 124–25, 187, 387, 391
Probasco, LiErin, 418n36
prochoice, 268, 272, 277, 311–12
Producing the Sacred: An Essay on Public Religion (Wuthnow), 430n7
prolife, 268–72, 276–77, 310–11
psychology: civic identity and, 57, 59, 404n15; community spirit and, 129, 417n30; frog-pond effect and, 145, 148, 150, 161, 174; future planning and, 322; morals and, 280; religion and, 243, 259, 280; store closings and, 5
Putnam, Robert, 113, 303, 392n5, 412n6, 415n17, 424n3, 428n1, 441n10
racial issues, 5, 7, 15; bigotry and, xii, 129–30, 265; blacks and, 88–89, 92, 116, 230, 285, 293–94, 317, 346–47, 422n18, 433n16, 439n5; Brown v. Board of Education and, 88; categorization and, 346–47; civic identity and, 77, 88–89, 92–100, 411n51; community spirit and, 110, 116; Confederate flag and, 89; diversity and, 6, 11, 92–100, 248–53, 315, 341, 362, 411n52; frog-pond effect and, 155, 422n18; future planning and, 320–24, 331–37, 442n18, 444n4; Hispanics and, 92, 95–97, 143, 239, 248–51, 256, 259, 345, 348, 411n51, 442n20; Jim Crow laws and, 347; Ku Klux Klan and, 88; leadership and, 183–84; metropolitan areas and, 446n5; morals and, 264–65, 276, 285, 439n5; National Voting Rights Act and, 88–89; Obama and, 317; politics and, 88, 292–94, 310, 313–14, 317, 442n18, 442n20; prejudice and, 100, 336, 339; religion and, 230, 233, 239, 248–51, 256, 259, 318; research methodology and, 366; segregation and, 88, 96, 345–47, 446n5; slavery and, 87, 285; socioeconomic status and, 18, 27, 46, 412n5; welfare and, 293, 439n5; whites and, xiv, 18, 27, 88–89, 92–98, 110, 155, 233, 239, 248–49, 256, 259, 265, 285, 292, 310, 313–14, 318, 346–47, 411n51, 444n4
radio, 22, 132, 146, 193, 234, 243, 247, 264, 285, 313
ragpickers, 180
ranchers, 23, 62–63, 195, 207, 300, 324
Rawlins, Calida, 162
Reagan, Ronald Wilson, 292
recreation, 34, 77, 197, 226, 239, 362
regression models, 435n28; binary logistic, 430n8, 432n11, 436n2, 436n3, 436n9, 439n5, 441n13, 444n4, 444n5; least-squares, 404n15, 408n35, 443n3
rehabilitation centers, 25, 29, 153
religion: abortion and, 268–78; activism and, 252; alcohol and, 232, 246, 253; amenities scale and, 226–27; Assembly of God, 233, 250; attendance and, 58, 217–28, 234, 240, 242–43, 246–57, 261, 271, 277, 283; Baptists, 173, 217–18, 229, 231, 233, 237–38, 241, 249–50, 283, 316, 438n15; Bible and, 218, 223–24, 228, 234, 237, 249–50, 258, 263–64, 266, 281, 283–84, 286, 318; biblical creation and, 13, 283, 286; bingo and, 226, 349; born-again Christians and, 222; Buddhists and, 98, 218, 284; caring and, 13, 228–34, 238, 260, 264, 432n14; Catholics, 26, 35, 45, 98, 186, 217–18, 221–23, 226, 228–32, 236–38, 240–42, 250, 253, 259, 268, 271–73, 280–81, 284–85, 367, 414n15, 430n8, 433n16, 433n17, 434n26; challenges facing small town congregations, 240–48; charity and, 227–33, 240; children and, 218, 223, 228, 233–35, 241–43, 246–47, 249, 251–52, 255–56, 258–59; choir and, 151, 225, 261, 270; church boards and, 23, 243; Church of Christ, 254–55, 434n22; church socials and, 229; clergy and, 7, 10, 178, 200, 203, 225, 234, 236, 241–42, 253, 260, 316, 320, 327, 366–67, 384, 434n25; closing of churches and, 13, 242–45, 261; college and, 239, 255–56; conflict and, 236, 255; Congregationalists, 213, 217, 246; conservatives and, 5, 13, 230, 247, 250; construction and, 232, 237; cooperation and, 229–31, 233, 250; county seat towns and, 241, 245; creationists and, 283–87, 438n17, 438n18; cultural issues and, 249, 258–59; death and, 227–28, 242, 285; decline and, 218, 220, 226, 241, 244–45, 250, 252, 254, 261; demographic trends in, 230–31, 243–46; Disciples of Christ, 217, 241; diversity and, 248–53; drugs and, 213, 250; economic disruptions and, 252–54; education and, 224, 236, 238, 430n8, 431n9, 432n11; equality and, 230; ethnicity and, 231, 248–49, 254–61, 428n1, 431n9, 431n10; evangelism and, 186, 229–31, 233–34, 236–38, 243, 247, 250, 255, 258–59, 273, 284, 409n43, 430n8, 433n15, 433n16, 433n17; evolution and, 13, 265, 283–87, 312, 315, 373, 389, 437n14, 438n17, 438n18; family and, 218, 225, 227–37, 242–48, 252–54, 258; farmers and, 227–28, 230–33, 237, 240–42, 245, 251, 254; festivals and, 226, 228–29, 232; friendship patterns in, 221, 225–26, 228, 243, 245–47, 250–51, 258, 261; fundamentalists and, 5, 218, 230–31, 250, 253, 263; gender and, 234, 430n8, 431n9, 432n11; Golden Rule and, 115; Good Friday and, 236; habits of belonging and, 222–26; health care and, 228, 231–32; health issues and, 225, 237, 239, 242–43; Hindus, 218, 284; Holy Communion and, 217; homosexuality and, 13, 234–35, 280–81; housing and, 239, 251, 433n18; hymns and, 217, 222, 228, 234, 247; immigrants and, 218, 239–40, 242, 248–49, 251–52, 273, 284, 434n24, 434n26; intelligent design and, 283, 287, 438n17, 438n18; Jehovah’s Witnesses, 250, 284; Jews, 5, 217–18, 248, 284, 381, 428n1, 433n16, 435n30; lay leaders and, 239, 253, 258, 434n25; links to wider world and, 237–40; loyalty and, 223, 231; Lutherans, 57–58, 85, 186, 217–19, 221–23, 225, 230–32, 234, 237–38, 242, 246, 261, 281, 284, 344, 433n15; marriage and, 231; Methodists, 45, 186, 217–18, 223, 229–30, 232–33, 235–36, 238, 240–41, 245–46, 263, 433n15; metropolitan areas and, 226, 254, 256, 260–61, 432n11, 433n18; ministerial alliances and, 218, 229–30, 250, 253; missionaries and, 237, 240, 260–61, 372, 385, 434n24; Muslims, 217, 248, 317, 428n1, 435n30; neighbors and, 221, 225, 228–29, 232, 241–42, 245, 255–61, 434n22; newcomers and, 229, 246, 248, 253, 258–60; old-timers and, 229, 246; opportunities and, 238, 255; outsiders and, 255; parents and, 223, 232, 246, 252, 260; pastors and, 13, 85, 225, 228–43, 246–61, 263, 282, 284, 287, 316–18, 384, 387, 434n22; Pentecostals, 218, 236, 259; politics and, 249, 263–64, 266, 281, 283–84, 286, 318; prayer and, 173, 227–28, 248, 258, 261, 271, 283–85, 316, 438n16; Presbyterians, xi, 23, 217, 223, 228–30, 232, 238, 241, 276, 281; Protestants, 5, 217, 226, 228–31, 236, 238, 250, 253, 268, 273, 284–85, 367, 430n8, 433n16, 433n17; psychology and, 243, 259, 280; racial issues and, 230, 233, 239, 248–49, 256, 259, 318, 433n16; research methodology and, 218–25, 384–89; retirees and, 228, 239, 242, 253, 434n26; schools and, 219, 221–28, 231–35, 239–42, 247–49, 254–56, 259, 261, 283–87, 431n8, 433n18, 435n30, 438n15, 438n16; separation of church and state and, 284; shunning and, 221–22; social pressure and, 223–24; suburbs and, 218, 222, 224–25, 228, 234, 237, 254–57, 433n18; support of, 228, 237–39, 243, 251, 255, 260; taxes and, 247; teachers and, 241; teenagers and, 223, 227, 239, 252; television and, 231, 233, 237, 240, 247; Ten Commandments and, 13, 283–85, 287, 389, 438n15; tourism and, 232, 253; transitional communities and, 254–61; traveling and, 218, 237–38, 245; True Men Ministries and, 186; trust and, 428n1; volunteers and, 218–19, 225, 233, 237–42, 249–51, 433n18; witnessing and, 258; women and, 186, 223, 234, 246, 253
Religion and Diversity Survey, 410n50, 411n1
Remaking the Heartland: Middle America since the 1950s (Wuthnow), 365, 408n37, 428n24
reminiscing, 62–65, 98, 292, 356
research methodology: agriculture and, 365–70, 377, 380–81, 387–88; alcohol and, 373, 383, 389; banks and, 367; binary logistic regression analysis and, 430n8, 432n11, 436n2, 436n3, 436n9, 439n5, 441n13, 444n4, 444n5; children and, 368–69; Civic Involvement Survey and, 112, 402n3, 403n11, 406n28, 408n37, 412n4, 413n7, 418n33, 419n2, 425n5; college and, 366, 368, 374, 378, 384, 430n8, 431n9, 436n2; crime and, 373, 383, 389; decline and, 379, 386; diversity and, 366; doctors and, 367, 381; drug use and, 373, 383, 389; education and, 367–69, 374; elections and, 378, 383–84; equality and, xiv, 366; ethnicity and, 366, 377, 380; family and, 366–70, 372, 375, 385; festivals and, 380–81; gender and, 367; General Social Surveys and, 401n20, 402n3, 419n4, 421n15, 426n12, 430n8, 431n9, 433n16, 436n3, 436n9, 437n14, 439n5, 441n13; gossip and, 371; health issues and, 367, 381; housing and, 366, 380; Internet and, 287, 382; interview structure and, 10, 366–89; lawyers and, 367; leadership and, 378–84; Main Street and, 376; metropolitan areas and, 363, 365; multiple regression analysis and, 435n28 (see also regression models); neighbors and, 204–6, 370–71, 376, 388, 427n17, 427n18; newcomers and, 371; opinion polls and, 2, 4, 266, 283, 287, 310, 313, 315, 317, 391n2, 403n8, 442n18; opportunities and, 367, 374, 386; parents and, 368–69; racial issues and, 366; religion and, 218–25, 384–89; respect and, 371, 387; retirees and, 368, 374, 378, 381; schools and, 7, 362–63, 366–69, 373–74, 378, 380–81, 386, 389; slow pace and, 376; sociology and, xiv; suburbs and, 365–66; taxes and, 382; teachers and, 367; technology and, 367, 382; television and, 370; tourism and, 367, 381; travel and, 375; trust and, 383; values and, 363; women and, xiv, 366–67
respect: of body, 277; caring and, 350–51; charity and, 232, 351; community spirit and, 106, 124–25, 133; cultural, 188–92; frog-pond effect and, 165; gaining, 181–88; for land, 133; leadership and, 12, 177–89, 199, 213, 305, 308, 343, 355; for life, 228, 270; media and, 277; morals and, 277, 280–81, 288, 350; politics and, 305, 308, 316; privacy and, 187; research methodology and, 371, 387; riffraff and, 333; self, 138, 161, 213; socioeconomic status and, 23, 26, 28, 180, 336
restaurants, 1, 27, 35, 50, 75, 181, 186, 296, 356, 375
retirees, 4, 7, 11; civic identity and, 81, 86; community spirit and, 104, 121; frog-pond effect and, 163, 168, 171, 421n15; future planning and, 338; leadership and, 188–89, 193, 210; morals and, 272; politics and, 297, 301; religion and, 228, 239, 242, 253, 434n26; research methodology and, 368, 374, 378, 381; returning home and, 245; socioeconomic status and, 20–22, 24–25, 31, 36–43, 45–46
Revolutionary War, 110
Reynolds, Cynthia, xvii
riffraff, 118, 120, 246, 270, 295, 298, 333, 346, 416n24
ritual, 14; as building block of community, 342–43, 353–55, 358, 398n25, 398n27; celebrations and, 353–55; community spirit and, 414n14, 418n36; Durkheim and, 354; emotional intensity and, 447n14; family and, 355; festivals and, 3 (see also festivals); funerals and, 62, 111, 227, 232, 354; Lakota Sundance and, 191; marriage and, 4 (see also marriage); Native American, 191; violence and, 447n14
Rockwell, Norman, 71
Roe v. Wade, 276
Roosevelt, Franklin Delano, 291, 297, 440n7
Rotary Club, 45, 127, 182, 184, 186, 193
safety: abortion and, 269–70; children and, 53, 76, 159, 269; civic identity and, 53, 61, 65, 76–77, 240, 338, 361, 405n19; community spirit and, 121, 123; crime and, 405n20 (see also crime); food, 33; frog-pond effect and, 143, 146, 149, 157, 159, 160; leadership and, 207; neighbors and, 338 (see also neighbors); regulations for, 30, 33, 255, 348, 355
Saint Augustine, 134
Saint Francis, 134
Salamon, Sonya, 67, 395n12, 406n24, 446n4, 446n5, 447n15
Salmon Festival, 108
Salvation Army, 117
Sampson, Robert J., 112–13, 414n16
Sawyer, Tom, 65
scandals, 30, 75, 194, 292, 353
Schnell, Elizabeth, 25
schools, xii, xvii, 1, 10, 13, 356, 391n2, 396n19; athletics and, xv, 11, 38, 50, 72, 90, 106–8, 115, 126, 136, 141, 174, 194, 197, 204, 233, 236, 263, 267, 276, 329, 338, 347, 354–55, 362; Bible and, 249; boards of, 31, 125, 137, 178, 185, 247, 286, 288, 310, 315; Catholic, 35; civic identity and, 3, 53–54, 61, 64–65, 70, 72, 74, 77, 82, 85–86, 88–89, 91, 94–95, 99–100, 344–53, 362–63; closing of, xvi, 4, 345, 359; coaches and, 38, 90, 106–7, 144, 263, 267, 276, 332; college and, 17 (see also college); community spirit and, 103–7, 110, 114–16, 120–22, 125, 128, 130, 136–37, 413n7, 413n8, 413n10; consolidation and, 86, 104, 130, 305; decline and, 6, 105; dropouts and, 210, 328; drugs and, 210, 213; enrollment and, 89, 104–5, 198, 208, 210, 235, 254, 413n8; evolution and, 283–87; frog-pond effect and, 140, 142–52, 155–65, 168, 170–71, 174, 419n3, 421n15; functions at, 2; future planning and, 322–39, 443n3, 445n6; high school reunions and, 199, 421n15; Ivy League and, 91, 140; Kitzmiller case and, 283; leadership and, 177–78, 181–82, 184–85, 187, 189–91, 193–210, 213, 215, 425n7; medical, xiv, 25, 91, 148, 199, 330; morals and, 263, 266–67, 282–89, 436n9, 437n13, 438n15, 438n16; parent-teacher organizations and, 48, 182–83, 186; politics and, 296, 299, 301, 304–7, 310, 312–13, 315–16, 440n8, 440n9; prayer in, 284–85, 316, 438n16; principals and, 107, 301, 330, 333–35, 366–67; private, xi, 89; religion and, 219, 221–28, 231–35, 239–42, 247–49, 254–56, 259, 261, 283–87, 431n8, 433n18, 435n30, 438n15, 438n16; research methodology and, 7, 362–63, 366–69, 373–74, 378, 380–81, 386, 389; segregation and, 88; separation of church and state and, 284; socioeconomic status and, 17, 21–22, 24–29, 31–36, 38–39, 41–44, 50, 400n9, 401n21; symbolic importance of, 106–7; taxes and, 74, 136, 346; teachers and, 7, 20–22, 28–29, 32–35 (see also teachers); university and, 14, 91, 109, 135, 156, 158, 161, 170, 188, 208, 254, 322, 324, 328, 330–31, 341; US Constitution and, 284–85
scorn: community spirit and, 128–32, 137, 417n30; cultural issues and, 128–32, 137, 291, 417n30; dealing with, 128–32; politics and, 291
segregation: ethnic, 88, 96, 345–47, 446n5; gender, 190; housing, 345–47; Jim Crow laws and, 347; Ku Klux Klan and, 88; nursing homes and, 227; racial issues and, 88, 96, 345–47, 446n5; schools and, 88
self-interest, 278, 336, 358–59
self-sufficiency: civic identity and, 44, 66, 77, 120–21, 130, 137–38, 173, 175, 208, 308, 333, 335, 350–51, 358, 371, 440n8; community spirit and, 120–21, 130, 137–38; frog–pond effect and, 173, 175; future planning and, 333, 335; leadership and, 208; politics and, 308
service class, 10, 21, 28–34, 44, 47, 49
sex, xiii, 18, 444n4; abortion and, 268–78 (see also abortion); blow jobs and, 275, 285; gay marriage and, 279–82, 287–88; harassment and, 30; heterosexual marriage and, 437n12; homosexuality and, 13, 234–35, 265, 278–83, 287–88, 318, 436n9; incest and, 269, 276, 436n2; morals and, 263–65, 267, 270–83, 287–88, 316, 318, 324, 436n9; rape and, 269–71, 276–77, 436n2; sluts and, 325
Shepherdstown, West Virginia, 109
Sheridan, Wyoming, 317
Sherman, Jennifer, 117–18, 415n20
shopping malls, 1, 77, 125, 181, 196, 210, 227, 256, 361, 363
sidewalks, 2, 45, 255; carefree life and, 60; civic identity and, 60, 75; community spirit and, 103, 107, 119, 125, 136–37; cracks in, 75; encounters on, xv, 4, 11, 15, 60, 103, 119, 125, 136–37, 295, 348, 355, 415n21, 418n36; politics and, 295; sales on, 107
simplicity: civic identity and, 58, 61, 74, 100, 292, 351; frog-pond effect and, 150; politics and, 292; slow pace and, 58; socioeconomic status and, 20, 24, 36, 40
slow pace, xv; civic identity and, 51, 58–61, 64, 80; community spirit and, 101, 129, 137; complacency and, 70, 314; frog-pond effect and, 155, 164; future planning and, 325, 327; leadership and, 193; old-timers and, 60; politics and, 306–7; research methodology and, 376; simplicity and, 58; socioeconomic status and, 37; traffic and, 352
sluts, 325
small businesses: civic identity and, 85; community spirit and, 138; frog-pond effect and, 142, 164, 419n3; leadership and, 200–201, 209–10, 214; socioeconomic status and, 29, 41
social capital, 3, 14, 392n5; community spirit and, 103, 412n6; politics and, 303; Putnam’s benchmark survey and, 303, 415n17, 441n10
social networks: charity and, 343; defined, 343; frog-pond effect and, 148; leadership and, 191–92; morals and, 278; neighbors and, 3–4, 14–15, 50, 148, 191–92, 278, 316, 343, 345, 356–58, 361, 392n5, 416n28, 447n15; online, 3; politics and, 316; socioeconomic status and, 50
Social Security, xiii, 11, 21, 31, 37, 39, 41–43, 153, 172, 210, 297, 440n7
social workers, 91, 192–93, 199, 272, 274
socioeconomic status: agriculture and, 17–18, 21–42, 24, 26, 31–33, 45, 47, 48, 401n22; amenities and, 24, 39; American dream and, 139–40, 148–51, 418n1, 421n10; banks and, 17, 20, 24–26, 28–29, 33–34, 43, 47, 49; children and, 17, 28–29, 32, 34–37, 40–41, 44, 46–47, 49; clubs and, 23, 25–28, 32, 36, 46–49, 246, 400n10; coffee shops and, 357; college and, 17, 21, 25–33, 35, 38–39, 44, 46–48; conservatives and, 31; conspicuous consumption and, 46; construction and, 21–22, 34–35, 37, 45; crime and, 39; cultural issues and, 20–21; denial of, 19; diversity and, 10, 18–19, 45, 47–48; doctors and, 17, 20, 24–30, 39, 44; education and, 18, 20–21, 28, 31, 43–44, 48; equality and, 18–19, 50, 399n5; ethnicity and, 27, 46; false consciousness and, 19–20; family and, 17–18, 22, 24, 26–30, 35, 38–42, 47, 50; filthy rich and, 180; gender and, 46; gentry and, 10, 21–28, 43–44, 47, 49, 157; golf and, 25–31, 39, 44; health issues and, 21, 24–32, 37, 41–42, 45, 49–50; housing and, 17–18, 23, 25, 27, 30–49, 58; inheritances and, 21, 24, 26, 40, 180, 375; Internet and, 26; investments and, 21, 25–26, 28, 37; lawyers and, 24, 400n8; leisure time and, 28, 46–47; low-income families and, 37, 50, 95, 117, 155–56, 193, 246, 253, 298, 345, 380, 433n18, 440n8; mansions and, 47, 50, 77–78; manufacturing and, 21, 26, 34–37, 44–45, 50; marks of distinction and, 43–50; marriage and, 32–33; middle class and, 6, 21, 46–47, 61, 73, 95, 118, 151, 156, 161, 180, 332; neighbors and, 17–18, 22–23, 25, 27–29, 35, 42–43, 47, 49; newcomers and, 23, 39; opportunities and, 24–25, 28–29; outsiders and, 20; packsackers and, 416n24; parents and, 29, 32, 35–36, 39, 43; pensioners and, 11, 21, 37–43, 49, 86, 147, 157, 210, 345, 409n40; poverty and, 18, 25; racial issues and, 18, 27, 46, 412n5; ragpickers and, 180; respect and, 23, 26, 28, 180, 336; retirement and, 20–22, 24–25, 31, 36–43, 45–46; riffraff and, 118, 120, 246, 270, 295, 298, 333, 346, 416n24; schools and, 17, 21–22, 24–29, 31–36, 38–39, 41–44, 50, 400n9, 401n21; self-sufficiency and, 44, 66, 77, 120–21, 130, 137–38, 173, 175, 208, 308, 333, 335, 350–51, 358, 371, 440n8; service class and, 10, 21, 28–34, 44, 47, 49; simplicity and, 20, 24, 36, 40; slow pace and, 37; small businesses and, 29, 41; social networks and, 50; solidarity and, 20–21; spongers and, 416n24; stratification and, 18–21, 345; suburbs and, 17, 20, 24, 30, 37–40, 48, 401n20; teachers and, 20–22, 28–29, 32–35, 39–40, 47–49; travel and, 23, 27, 33, 40–41; volunteers and, 23, 26, 39, 45–50; wageworkers and, 11, 21, 24, 34–37, 44, 46–47, 49, 156, 166; women and, 37, 46–47
solar energy, 202
solidarity, 394n10; community spirit and, 6, 102, 113, 136–37; socioeconomic status and, 20–21
spongers, 416n24
sports. See athletics
stability, 57–58, 130, 156, 211, 305, 379
stereotypes, 6, 12, 24, 46, 51, 69, 129–30, 132, 137, 200, 217, 264, 302, 400n8, 419n6, 428n1
Steuben, Jacob, 90–92, 104, 180, 187, 222–23, 311
stratification, 18–21, 192, 345
subsidies, 23, 31, 33, 157, 201–2, 300, 440n8
suburbs, xii, xv, 1–2, 5–7, 15, 391n2, 393n7, 394n11; civic identity and, 52–57, 61, 65, 68–70, 73–78, 84, 91, 99–100, 341, 343, 352, 356, 361–62, 361–64, 402n3, 403n8, 403n11, 404n15, 406n28, 408n37, 409n44; community spirit and, 103, 105, 112, 122–28, 133, 411n1, 413n7, 418n33; frog-pond effect and, 139–40, 150–51, 160, 419n2, 419n3, 419n4, 421n15; future planning and, 319, 325, 335, 443n3; leadership and, 179, 182–84, 424n2, 425n6; morals and, 264, 268, 274, 436n9; politics and, 292, 442n18; religion and, 218, 222, 224–25, 228, 234, 237, 254–57, 433n18; research methodology and, 365–66; socioeconomic status and, 17, 20, 24, 30, 37–40, 48, 401n20
sustainable energy, 5, 13, 377
Tanka, Mato, xiii, 190–91, 425n6
taxes: abatement policies and, 178; careers and, 154, 159; exempt organizations and, 186; future planning and, 328; housing and, 229; Internal Revenue Service (IRS) and, 182, 425n4; laws and, 130; leadership and, 178, 186, 194, 196–98, 201–3, 207–9, 211, 214; politics and, 292–93, 298–99, 305–6, 315–16, 318, 347; population growth and, 69; property, 74, 229; religion and, 247; research methodology and, 382; sales, 87; schools and, 74, 136, 346; welfare and, 131
teachers, 7, 362; civic identity and, 67, 86, 90–91; community spirit and, 106–7, 111, 128; frog-pond effect and, 141, 144–45, 147–48, 150, 157–63, 168; future planning and, 319–20, 322, 324, 329, 336, 445n6; leadership and, 177, 179, 182–83, 186, 188–89, 213; morals and, 263, 287, 438n15, 438n18; parent-teacher organizations and, 48, 182–83, 186; politics and, 312; religion and, 241; research methodology and, 367; socioeconomic status and, 20–22, 28–29, 32–35, 39–40, 47–49
Tea Party, 313–14, 317, 441n17, 442n19, 442n20
technology, 13; agriculture and, 33–34, 353; cell phones and, 34, 202–3, 364, 382, 391n2; civic identity and, 61, 76; computers and, 23, 34, 154, 159, 189, 201, 203, 364; email and, 3, 31–32, 40, 73, 104, 107, 199, 238, 357–58, 363, 382, 426n12; global positioning systems and, 33–34, 132, 203, 364; innovation and, 200–10; Internet and, 5, 26, 73, 110, 129–30, 132, 157, 191, 199–200, 212, 214, 286, 296, 315, 352, 357, 382, 387, 427n14; leadership and, 200–10; research methodology and, 367, 382; solar energy and, 202; travel and, 339, 394n10; unplugged from, 61
teenagers, 26, 90; blow jobs and, 275, 285; community spirit and, 125; frog-pond effect and, 152–53; future planning and, 325, 327, 332; leadership and, 185, 195, 210–12; morals and, 266, 273; religion and, 223, 227, 239, 252
television, 129, 398n26; anchorpersons and, 419n3; art appreciation and, 72; black-and-white, 41; cable, 130, 233; CNN and, 287, 442n18; Fox News and, 287, 318; mitigation of insularity by, 237, 240; morals and, 212, 231, 264, 268, 281; politics and, 313, 318; portrayals of small towns by, 7, 15, 51, 101, 131, 154, 231, 281, 370; religion and, 231, 233, 237, 240, 247; research methodology and, 370
Ten Commandments, 13, 283–85, 287, 389, 438n15
territory, 14, 342, 344–46, 348, 355, 358, 446n5
That Old Ace in the Hole (Proulx), 131, 418n31
Thompson, Terry, 263
Tiller, George, 273
Tocqueville, Alexis de, 6, 342
Tomato Day, 108
Tönnies, Ferdinand, 6, 52, 402n2
tornadoes, 5, 114–16, 253, 307
tourism, 6; civic identity and, 81; community spirit and, 109–10, 129, 133; dependence on, 109; festivals and, 108 (see also festivals); frog-pond effect and, 157; leadership and, 190, 196, 198, 208, 214; politics and, 296, 317; religion and, 232, 253; research methodology and, 367, 381; revenue from, 49
town councils, 28, 125, 179, 182, 194, 208, 303, 305–7, 310
town meetings, 104, 124, 188, 197, 208, 299, 316, 339, 355, 413n10
traffic, 39; civic identity and, 60–61, 65, 69, 76, 98; frog-pond effect and, 154; heavy, 61, 295; leadership and, 208, 210; politics and, 295; rush-hour, xii, 154, 352; validating beliefs and, 351–52
travel, 10–11, 15, 192, 200, 357; civic identity and, 53–57, 61, 68–69, 79, 91; community spirit and, 104, 119, 132, 210; commuters and, 31, 34–36, 47, 60, 75, 86, 89, 92, 109, 130, 153, 159–60, 186, 241, 245, 255, 260, 345, 364, 380, 404n15, 422n17; education from, 191; electronic communication and, 339, 394n10; frog-pond effect and, 153, 155, 157, 174; future planning and, 329, 339; innovation and, 212, 214; religion and, 218, 237–38, 245; research methodology and, 375; socioeconomic status and, 23, 27, 33, 40–41; teenagers and, 212; tourism and, 214 (see also tourism); waving and, 60, 119, 137, 348, 415n22
True Men Ministries, 186
trust: civic identity and, 61; collective efficacy and, 112–14, 414n16; community spirit and, 112–14, 416n24; enforceable, 431n10; frog-pond effect and, 175; leadership and, 177, 181, 214; morals and, 275; neighbors and, 61, 112–14, 175, 177, 181; politics and, 295–96, 302–5, 315, 442n25; religion and, 428n1; research methodology and, 383; riffraff and, 118, 120, 246, 270, 295, 298, 333, 346, 416n24
Turnaround Strategies for the Small Church (Crandall), 257–58
UFOs, 108
universities, 14, 91, 109, 135, 156, 158, 161, 170, 188, 208, 254, 322, 324, 328, 330–31, 341
University Center for Human Values, xvii
urbanization, xv, 8–10, 18, 274, 395n12, 395n15, 396n17, 400n9, 401n1, 407n33, 408n38, 427n19
US Bureau of Economic Analysis, 165, 423n22
US Census Bureau, xiii, 7–8; civic identity and, 403n6, 405n20, 406n22, 407n33, 409n42, 409n44, 410n46, 410n47; community spirit and, 413n8; frog-pond effect and, 171, 419n3; future planning and, 325, 444n5; leadership and, 427n16; politics and, 442n24; research methodology and, 365, 392n2, 395n15, 396n19, 397n20, 397n21; socioeconomic status and, 399n2, 399n3, 400n7, 400n9, 400n11, 401n1, 401n16
US Constitution, 278–79, 284–85
US Department of Agriculture, 434n27; civic identity and, 72, 81, 406n27, 407n32, 408n36; Economic Research Service and, 72, 406n27, 407n32, 408n36; frog-pond effect and, 167, 171, 424n27
US Department of Health and Human Services, 427n19
vacations, 23, 25, 28, 43, 47, 53, 73, 133, 149, 317
values, 355; civic identity and, 52, 78, 91, 409n43; community spirit and, xii, xv–xvii, 2, 5–6, 10, 14–15, 101, 111, 113, 123, 126, 130, 132, 137, 334–38, 349–51, 417n30; confrontation and, 123; cooperation and, 343, 349–51; cultural, 343, 351–52; frog-pond effect and, 140, 149–51, 168, 413; future planning and, 319–20, 324, 334–36, 445n8; housing, 409n44; internalized, 334–36; land, 23; leadership and, 177; masculinity and, 279–80; metropolitan areas and, 52; morals and, 264–68, 274–79, 399n6; politics and, 291–92, 295, 300, 313; research methodology and, 363; scorn and, 128–32, 137, 291, 417n30; sharing and, 349–51; Ten Commandments and, 13, 283–85, 287, 389, 438n15
Varner, Charles, xvii
Vidich, Arthur J., 19
Vietnam War, 134, 153, 162, 231
villages, 7, 341, 393n7, 418n36; Buber and, 342; civic identity and, 52, 79; community spirit and, 137; cultural issues and, 188–92; equality and, 399n5; folklorists and, 188–92, 353; future planning and, 322; gossip and, 345; idiots and, 129, 417n30; leadership and, 188–92, 201, 426n13; politics and, 315; religion and, 228, 240; shrews and, 355; socioeconomic status and, 45–46, 49; Tocqueville and, 342
violence: collective efficacy and, 112–14, 414n16; drugs and, 210, 249; enforceable trust and, 431n10; racial issues and, 88, 249; ritual and, 447n14; town size and, 405n21
Virgil, 134
Virts, Melissa, xvii
volunteers, 3; civic identity and, 103, 110–11, 117, 122–23, 127, 356, 412n5; frog-pond effect and, 143, 160, 170, 424n2; future planning and, 335; gentry and, 23, 26; health issues and, 1, 45; leadership and, 178–79, 181, 185, 187, 189–90, 193, 195, 197, 213, 350; newcomers and, 127; organizations for, 4, 39; pensioners and, 39; politics and, 316; religion and, 218–19, 225, 233, 237–42, 249–51, 433n18; socioeconomic status and, 23, 26, 39, 45–50; status and, 46; welcome committees and, 127–28. See also charity
voting, 4, 88, 153, 197, 309–11, 347, 351
wageworkers, 11, 21, 24, 34–37, 44, 46–47, 49, 156, 166
walking, 59–60, 64–65, 82, 106, 117, 155, 298, 362. See also sidewalks
Walmart, 1, 83, 87–88, 94, 158, 173, 199, 204, 382, 409n42, 409n43
Watergate scandal, 292
waving, 60, 119, 137, 348, 415n22
Weber, Max, 6
welfare, 6, 14; charity and, 121; chiselers and, 118, 131, 298; community spirit and, 112, 118, 121, 131; frog-pond effect and, 151–52; future planning and, 333; leadership and, 193; packsackers and, 416n24; politics and, 293, 298, 439n5, 440n8; racial issues and, 293, 439n5; religion and, 229, 246; riffraff and, 118, 120, 246, 270, 295, 298, 333, 346, 416n24; Social Security and, xiii, 11, 21, 31, 37, 39, 41–43, 153, 172, 210, 297, 440n7; spongers and, 416n24; subsidies and, 23, 31, 33, 157, 201–2, 300, 440n8
Wellsvile, New York, 45
Wiebold-Lippisch, Lori, xvii
Wilkes, Shiela, 146
Wilkins, Emma, 222
Withers, Carl, 19
women, 12; children and, 160 (see also children); civic identity and, 404n15; college and, 157–63; community spirit and, 107, 111, 122, 127; dull daily life and, 157–63; frog-pond effect and, 142, 145, 156–63, 175, 419n6, 421n15, 422n16, 422n17; frustrated, 157–63; future planning and, 325–26, 335, 444n5; good wives/mothers and, 157–63; health issues and, 199; incest and, 269, 276, 436n2; leadership and, 199; morals and, 264, 268, 275, 277; rape and, 269–71, 276–77, 436n2; religion and, 186, 223, 234, 246, 253; research methodology and, xiv, 366–67; self–esteem and, 161; sluts and, 325; socioeconomic status and, 37, 46–47
Women’s Aglow, 186
Woodrow Wilson School of Public and International Affairs, xvii
work. See employment
World War I era, 190
World War II era, 90, 108, 164, 297, 311
Wyoming Gun Owners, 317
Yeager, Brenda, 34
Yeager, Larry, xiii, 34–35, 47, 143–44
YMCA, 189