Chapter 1

1.1. Ashcroft N.W. and Mermin N.D.: Solid State Physics. New York: Rinehart and Winston, 1976.

1.2. Bozorth R.M.: Ferromagnetism. New York: Van Nostrand, 1951.

1.3. Ertan H.B., Üctug M.Y., Colyer R., and Consoli A. (Editors and co-authors): Modern Electrical Drives. Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic Publishers with NATO Scientific Affairs Division. May 2000. Other authors: Kutman T., Turowski J., Wiak S., Jack A.G., Hanitsch R., Parspour N., Rahman M.A., Zhou P., Ertan H.B., Jufer M., Bose B.K., Lipo T.A., Kükrer O., Ehsani M., Husain I., Capolino G.A., Üctug M.Y., Timàr P.L., Schmidt I., Retter G.I., Serrano-Iribarnegaray L., Rashid M.H., Akin E., Halsall C.L., Zingel R.G.W., Belmans R.J.M., Szentirmai L., Colyer R.E. and Trzynadlowski A.M.

1.4. Jasinski A.H.: 2002. Transition Economies in the European Research and Innovation Area: New Challenges for their Science and Technology. Department of Management, University of Warsaw, 2004, wherein the Chapter: Turowski J: Innovative challenges in technology management.

1.5. Jezierski E.: Transformers. Theory. Warsaw: WNT, 1975 (see also [5.2]).

1.6. Kolbinski K. and Słowikowski J.: Electrical Materials. (in Polish). Warsaw: WNT, 1988.

1.7. Kozłowski L.: Elements of Atomic Physics and Solid. Cracow: AGH, 1972.

1.8. Lopez-Fernández X.M., Ertan H.B., and Turowski J. (Editors and co-authors): TRANSFORMERS: Analysis, Design and Measurements. New York: Boca Raton, CRC Press, 2013, 610pp.

1.9. Handbook of Electrical Materials. (in Polish). Warsaw: PWT, 1959.

1.10. Savini A. and Turowski J. (Editors and co-authors): Electromagnetic Fields in Electrical Engineering. New York: Plenum Press, 1988.

1.11. Simonyi K.: Theoretical Electrotechnics. (in German). Berlin: VEB Deutscher Verlag der Wissenschaften, 1979.

1.12. Smolinski S.: Superconductivity. (in Polish). Warsaw: WNT, 1983.

1.13. Handbook of Electrical Materials. (in Russian) Vol. 2, Moscow: Gosenergoizdat, 1960.

1.14. Tarczyński W.: Electrodynamics of Electrical Apparatus. (in Polish). Ed. of Tech. Univ. of Lodz, 2007.

1.15. Turowski J.: (1) Technical Electrodynamics. (in Polish). Warsaw: WNT, 1969, 1st edition. (2) Turowski J.: Tiekhnicheskaia electrodinamika. (in Russian). Izdatielstwo “Energia”. Moscow, 1974, 2nd edition. (3) Turowski J.: Technical Electrodynamics. (in Polish). Warsaw: WNT, 1993, 3rd edition. Modified and updated.

1.16. Turowski J.: (1) Calculations of Electromagnetic Components of Electric Machinery and Equipment. (in Polish). Warsaw: WNT, 1982; and (in Russian). Moscow: Energoatomizdat, 1986.

1.17. Turowski J. (1) (Editor and author 35%) et al.: Analysis and Synthesis of Electromagnetic Fields. (in Polish). Wroclaw: OSSOLINEUM - PAN, 1990; where: §3 Reluctance network method RNM; §5 Coupled fields. (2) Computational magnetics. (in English). J. Sykulski (Editor), London: Chapman & Hall Stellenbosch, 1995 where: §4) Turowski J.: Reluctance networks RNM. and §6 Coupled fields.

1.18. Turowski J.: The Theory of Electric Machines. AC Machines. (in Polish) 3rd edition. Tech. Univ. of Lodz 1984.

1.19. Turowski J.: Electromechanical Components of Automatics. (in Polish) 2nd edition. Tech. Univ. of Lodz, 1989.

1.20. Turowski J.: Fundamentals of Mechatronics (in Polish). Lodz: AHE Press, 2008.

1.21. Urbański W.: Lectures on Higher Physics (in German: Vorträge über höhere Physik), Lemberg: Lwów, 1857.

1.22. Wyatt O.H. and Dew-Hughes D.: Metals, Ceramics & Polymers: An Introduction to the Structure and Properties of Engineering Materials. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1974.

1.23. Wesolowski K.: Materials Science. Vols. I, II, III. (in Polish). Warsaw: WNT, 1966.

1.24. Wilkes P.: Solid-State Theory in Metallurgy. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1973.

1.25. Wolfarth E.P.: Ferromagnetic Materials. Vol. 3. Amsterdam: North-Holland Publ. Co. 1982.

1.26. Another superconducting breakthrough. High temperature superconductor challenges critical field record. High-Tech. Materials Alert, 4(3), 1987, 10.

1.27. Anuszczyk J.: Power losses in electrotechnical sheet steel under rotational magnetization. ISEF’87, Pavia, Italy, September 23–25, 1987. Paper 1–1, pp. 1–4.

1.28. Atherton D.L., Szpunar B., and Szpunar J.A.: A new approach to Preisach diagram. IEEE Trans. MAG-23, 3, 1987, 1856–1865.

1.29. Bessho K., Yamada S., Furuta M., and Hayashigishi M.: Characteristics and application of a new multilayer coil with core for AC high magnetic field. ISEF’89, Lodz, Poland, Sept. 20–22, 1989, pp. 83–86.

1.30. Silicon Electrical Sheets. Bochnia: Catalogue of Metallurgical Processing Plant, 1982.

1.31. Kadowaki K. et al.: Superconductivity at 95 K in the single-phase UBa₂Cu₃O_9-y system. Physica, 145 B, 1987, 1–4.

1.32. Kitada M.: Kindzoku, Metals and Technol. (Jap.), 57(5), 1987, 2–7.

1.33. Kordecki A.: Thermo-compensation of induction changes in permanent magnets of electric machines. The Science Works of Inst. Electromechanical Systems in Wroclaw University of Technology. Conference series No 39, 1987, pp. 5–19.

1.34. Kozłowska A.: Core transformers with amorphous band. (in German) Bulletin SEV, 78(19), 1987, 1201–1204.

1.35. Latek W.: Rational starting of turbogenerator. Przegląd Elektrot., 5, 1964, 235–239.

1.36. METGLAS Elactromagnetic Alloys. USA 1981. (http://www.metglas.com/products/).

1.37. Industry Branch Norm BN-85/3382–20. Components of electronic devices. Cores for transformers and reactors coils. Determination of the magnetic and electric sizes. Inst. Tele-Radiotechn. 1986, pp. 1–19.

1.38. Sabrie J.L.: Cryoelectricity materials. General Report of Section 1. CIGRE Symposium on New and Improved Materials for Electrotechnology—Elactra, October 1987, No. 114, pp. 29–33.

1.39. Sagawa M., Fujimura S., Yamamoto H., Matsuura Y., and Hiraga K.: Permanent magnet materials based on the rare-earth-iron-boron tetragonal compounds. IEEE Trans. on Magnetics MAG-20, 5, Sept. 1984, 1584–1589.

1.40. Tanaka Y. et al.: Characteristics of epoxy-impregnated AC superconducting coils. INTERMAG’87, Tokyo, Japan, April 14–17, 1987, Paper GE-09.

1.41. Technical Data on Domain Refined Orientcore. Hi-B. z DKH, Nippon Steel Corporation Catalogue No. EXE 706, Dec. 1984–Nov. 1987.

1.42. Tellinen J. and Järvik J.: Calculation of losses in electrical steel by longitudinal superposition of alternating and constant magnetic fields. ISEF’85, Warsaw, Poland, Sept. 1985, Paper 82, pp. 351–353.

1.43. Turowski J.: Mechatronics Impact upon Electrical Machines and Drives. Proceedings of Internat. Aegean Conference—ACEMP’04. May 26–28, 2004. Istanbul, Turkey, pp. 65–70.

1.44. Ueda A., Hirao T., Hatanaka H., Morita M., and (Mitsubishi El. Co).: Experimental results of field winding and concept of rotor component development of superconducting generator. INTERMAG’87. Tokyo, Japan. April 14–17, 1987, Paper GE-07.

1.45. Walter J.L. et al.: Magnetic properties of cube textured silicon-iron magnetic sheet. Journal of Applied Physics, 29(3), March, 1958.

1.46. Wiener G. et al.: Cube textured in body centered magnetic alloy. Journal of Applied Physics, 29(3), March, 1958.

1.47. Zhang X.: Nd-Fe-B magnets in China. INTERMAG’87. Tokyo, Japan. April 14–17, 1987, paper CC-01.

1.48. Lopez-Fernandez, X.M., Penabad-Duran, P., and Turowski, J. Three-dimensional methodology for the overheating hazard assessment on transformer covers, IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications, 48(5), September/October 2012, 1549–1555.

1.49. Halbach K.: Physical and optical properties of rare earth cobalt magnets. Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys Res., 187(1), Aug. 1981, 109–117.

1.50. Derlecki S., Kuśmierek Z., Szulakowski J., and Dems M.: Magnetic properties of amorphous materials used as corps of electric machines. Przegląd Elektrotechniczny (Electrical Review), 88(5a), 2012, 10–13.

1.51. Dems M. and Komęza K.: Static and Dynamic Modeling of Induction Motors Operating States. (in Polish). Monograph released by the Techn. University of Lodz, 2011, 332pp.

1.52. Dems M. and Komęza K.: Performance characteristics of a high-speed induction motor with an amorphous stator core. XX Intern. Confer. on Electric Machines ICEM 2012, Marseille, France, Sept. 2012, paper FD-005207.

1.53. Pennabad-Duran P., Di Barba P., Lopez-Fernandez X.M., and Turowski J.: Electromagnetic and Thermal parameter identification method for best prediction of temperature distribution on transformer tank covers. XVI International Symposium on Electromagnetic Fields in Mechatronics, Electrical and Electronic Engineering— ISEF’2013, Ohrid, Macedonia, Sept. 12–14, 2013.

1.54. Sykulski J.K.: Superconducting transformers. Chapter 4, pp. 95–108, in: TRANSFORMERS: Analysis, Design and Measurements X.M. Lopez-Fernández, H.B. Ertan and J. Turowski (editors), New York: Boca Raton, CRC Press, 2013.

1.55. Bochnia Product Catalog 2006: Grain Oriented Transformer Sheets and Strips. According to EN 10 107 2005 Standards. www.stalprodukt.com.pl

1.56. Turowski J., Lopez-Fernandez X.M., Soto Rodriguez A., and Souto Revenga D.: Rapid design of sandwich windings transformers for stray loss reduction. ISEF 2007—XIII International Symposium on Electromagnetic Fields in Mechatronics, Electrical and Electronic Engineering. Prague, Czech Republic, September 13–15, 2007.

Chapter 2

2.1. (a) Abramowitz, M. and Stegun, I.A. (Eds.): Handbook of Mathematical Functions with Formulas, Graphs, and Mathematical Tables, 9th printing. New York: Dover, 1972. (b) Antoniewicz J.: Tables of Functions for Engineers. (in Polish). Warsaw: PWN, 1980.

2.2. Ciok Z.: Methods for Calculating the Electromagnetic and Flow Fields. (in Polish). Warsaw: University of Technology, 1981.

2.3. Dąbrowski M.: Magnetic Fields and Circuits of Electric Machines. (in Polish). Warsaw: WNT, 1971.

2.4. Galus Z.: Theoretical Foundations of Chemical Electroanalysis. (in Polish). Warsaw: PWN, 1973.

2.5. Gieras J.F.: Advancements in Electric Machines. Berlin: Springer, 2008.

2.6. Gieras J.F.: Linear Induction Drives. NJ, USA: Clarendon Press. 1994.

2.7. Govorkov W.A.: Electric and Magnetic Field. (in Polish). Warsaw: WNT 1962 (Moscow, 1968).

2.8. Hammond P.: Applied Electromagnetism. Oxford: Pergamon Press, 1979.

2.9. Hammond P. and Sykulski J.K.: Engineering Electromagnetism. Physical Processes and Computation. New York, Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1994.

2.10. Jackson J.D.: Classical Electrodynamics. John Wiley & Sons, 1975 (Warsaw: PWN, 1982).

2.11. Jahnke E. and Emde F.: Tables of Functions. Moscow: Fizmatgiz, 1959.

2.12. Kącki E.: Partial Differential Equations in Physics and Technology Issues. (in Polish). Warsaw: WNT, 1989.

2.13. Kulkarni S.V. and Khaparde S.A.: Transformer Engineering. Design and Practice. New York, Basel: Marcel Dekker Inc., 2004.

2.14. Neiman L.R. and Demerchian K.S.: Theory of Electrical Engineering. (in Russian). Vols. 1 and 2. Leningrad: Energoizdat, 1981.

2.15. Rawa H.: Electricity and Magnetism in Technology. (in Polish). Warsaw: PWN, 1994.

2.16. Wiak S. (Editor and co-author): Mechatronics. EXIT, Lodz: Technical University of Lodz, 2009.

2.17. Zienkiewicz O.: The Finite Element Method. Oxford: Butterworth-Heinemann, 6th edition, 2000.

2.18. Davey K.R. and Barnes W.J.: T-Ω technique applied to three-dimensional eddy current problems using the boundary integral equation. IEE Proc. 133, (Pt. B, 6), 1986, 359–364.

2.19. Fichtner W., Rose D.J., and Bank R.E.: Semiconductor device simulation. IEEE Trans. on Electron Devices. ED-30(9), 1983, 1018–1039.

2.20. Franz A. et al.: A generalization of the finite-difference method suitable for semiconductor device simulation. IEEE Trans. on Electron. Devices. ED-30(9)), 1983, 1070–1082.

2.21. Frolov S.I.: Determination of volume and surface densities of electromagnetic forces in non-linear, anisotropic magnetic systems. (in Russian). Elektrichestvo, 8, 1989, 62–66.

2.22. Gangyu X. and Nasar S.A.: Analysis of fields and forces in a permanent magnet of linear synchronous machine based on the concept of magnetic charge. IEEE Trans. on Magnetics, 25(3), 1989, 2713–2719.

2.23. Komęza K. and Krusz G.: Application of finite element method to analysis of the impact of eddy currents on distribution of stray field in transformer. (in Polish). Rozprawy Elektrot., 32(3), 1986, 785–799.

2.24. Koppikar D.A., Kulkarni S.V., and Turowski J.: Fast 3-dimensional interactive computation of stray field and losses in asymmetric transformers. IEE Proceedings. Generation, Transmission, Distribution. 147(4), July 2000, 197–201.

2.25. Nakata T., Takahashi K., Fujiwara K., Muramatsu K., and Cheng Z.G.: Comparison of various methods for 3-D eddy current analysis. Proceedings of the 4th Joint Magnetism and Magnetic Materials-Intermag Conference (MMM-Intermag), 12–15 July 1988, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.

2.26. Pietruszka M. and Jabłoński M.: Flux distribution inside anisotropic cores of three phase transformers at no load. Proc. ISEF’89, Lodz, September 20–22, 1989, 117–120.

2.27. Rawa H.: About some problems of formulating equations describing the electromagnetic field in heterogeneous environments. The role of the volume density of electric charge. (in Polish). Archiwum Elektrot., 34(3–4), 1985, 765–774.

2.28. Superczynski M.: Superconducting electric propulsion test craft Jupiter II. IEEE Trans. on Magnetics, MAG-23(2), 1987, 348.

2.29. Sykulski J.K. and Hammond P.: Calculation of electric and magnetic fields by means of the method of tubes and slices. ISEF’87, Pavia, Italy, 1987, 49–53.

2.30. Turowska M.: Influence of polarogram nonlinearity on current features in electrochemical oscillator. Soc. Sci. Lodz, Acta Chim., 18, 1973, 73–84.

2.31. Turowski J.: Electromagnetic field and losses in the transformer housing. (in Polish). “Elektryka” Science Papers, Technical University of Lodz., No. 3, 1957, pp. 73–163.

2.32. Turowski J.: Methods of calculating the additional losses caused by stray flux in a transformer. (in Polish). Rozprawy Elektrot., (3/4), 1962, 563–599.

2.33. Turowski J.: Calculation of losses and temperatures in the rail pipe screen. (in Polish). Archiwum Elektrotechniki, 1, 1963, 61–79.

2.34. Turowski J.: Modeling and simulation of electromagnetic field in electrical machines and transformers with the help of equivalent reluctance network. 12th IMACS World Congress, Paris, July 18–22, 1988, Paper T.18, PM2.H.04.

2.35. Selberherr S.: Analysis and Simulation of Semiconductor Devices. Vienna, Austria: Springer-Verlag, 1984.

2.36. Turowski M.: Two-dimensional semiconductor device modelling on personal microcomputer, Proc. ISMM International Symposium “Mini and Microcomputers and Their Applications”, Sant Feliu de Guixols, Spain, June 27–30, 1988, pp. 25–28.

2.37. Wiak S. and Zakrzewski K.: Numerical calculation of transients in electrical circuits containing elements with nonlinear eddy-current skin effect. IEE Proc., 134(Pt A, 9), 1987, 741–746.

2.38. Zygielbaum P.S.: Magnetohydrodynamics: An engineering perspective. IEEE Trans. PAS, 100(5), 1981, 2529–2538.

2.39. Zwoliński G., Turowski J., Kulkarni S.V., and Koppikar D.A.: Method of fast computation of 3-D stray field and losses in highly asymmetric transformers. Proc. 5th International Conference on Transformers. TRAFOTECH’98. January 23–24, 1998. Mumbai, India, pp. I–51 to I–58.

2.40. Sze S.M. and Ng K.K., Physics of Semiconductor Devices. New York: Wiley and Sons, 2007.

2.41. Turowski J.: Losses and local overheating caused by stray fields. (in Polish). Scientific Archives of the Technical University of Lodz “Elektryka, No. 11, 1963, pp. 89–179 (Habilitation (DSc) dissertation; 1st Ministry Award).

2.42. Raman A. and Turowski M.: Mixed-Mode TCAD Tools, Chapter 31 in Extreme Environment Electronics. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press, November 2012.

2.43. Cidronali A., Collodi G., Santarelli A., Vannini G., and Manes G.: Millimeter-wave FET modeling using on-wafer measurements and EM simulation. IEEE Trans. on Microwave Theory and Techniques, 50(2), Feb 2002, 425–432.

2.44. Labiod S., Latreche S., Bella M., and Gontrand C.: Combined electromagnetic and drift diffusion models for microwave semiconductor device, Journal of Electromagnetic Analysis and Applications, 3(10), 2011, 423–429. [available online: http://www.scirp.org/Journal/PaperInformation.aspx?paperID=8146].

2.45. Mirzavand R., Abdipour A., and Moradi G., Full-wave semiconductor devices simulation using ADI-FDTD method, Progress in Electromagnetic Research M, 11, 2010, 191–202.

Chapter 3

3.1. Bron O.B.: Electromagnetic Field as a Form of Matter (in Russian). Moscow: Gosenergoizdat, 1962.

3.2. Leites L.V.: Electromagnetic Calculations of Transformers and Reactors. (in Russian). Moscow: Energia, 1981.

3.3. Poynting T.: On the transfer of energy in electromagnetic field. Trans. of Roy. Soc. Lo, London. Part II, 1884, pp. 343–361.

3.4. Turowski J.: (1) Generalized equations for electromechanical and electrodynamic energy conversion in transformers. Proc. of Internat. Symposium on “Electrodynamics. Forces and Losses in Transformers”. PŁ-SEP-OŁIL-ELTA, Lodz, Poland, October 18–20, 1979, pp. 296–309; and (2) Rozprawy Elektrotechniczne, 26, 1980, pp. 911–927.

Chapter 4

4.1. Appolonskiy C.M.: Calculation of the Electromagnetic Screening Shells. (in Russian). Leningrad: Energoizdat, 1982.

4.2. Kaden T.: Electromagnetic Shields in High-Technology and Telecommunications Mechanics. (in Russian, Translated from German). Moscow: Gosenergoizdat, 1959.

4.3. Smythe W.R.: Static and Dynamic Electricity. New York, 1950 (and Moscow: Gosenergoizdat 1954), 3rd edition. New York: McGraw-Hill, 1968.

4.4. Wiszniewski N.J. et al.: High-Pressure Apparatus with Hermetic Driving System. (in Polish). Warsaw: WNT, 1963.

4.5. Davey K.R. and King E.I.: A three dimensional scalar potential field solution and its application to the turbine generator end region. IEEE Trans. PAS-100(5), 1981, 2302–2310.

4.6. Djurovič M. and Monson J.E.: Stray losses in the step of a transformer yoke with a horizontal magnetic shunt. IEEE Trans. PAS-101(2), 1982, 2995–3000.

4.7. Doi S., Ito K., and Nonaka S.: Three-dimensional thermal analysis of stator end-core for large turbine generators using flow visualization results. IEEE Transactions, PAS-104(7), 1985, 1856–1862.

4.8. Hołoga Z.: Enclosed heavy current busbars. Polish Engineering, (4), 1983, 7–10.

4.9. Jack A.G. and Mecrow B.C.: Computation and validation against measurement of stator end-region fields in synchronous generator. IEE Proc., 133, Pt. C(1), 1986, 26–32.

4.10. Mendrela E.A., Mendrela E.M., and Turowski J.: Flux density field, currents, forces and power losses and integral parameters in induction motors with rotary and linear multi-layer shielded rotor. (in Polish). Report of IMET Tech. Univ. of Lodz, No. 2687 CPBR 5.7, Phase I, October 1987.

4.11. Rizzo M., Savini A., and Turowski J.: Influence of slot dimensions on forces in turbine generators. Proc. of Internat. Symposium on Electromagnetic Fields in Electrical Engineering—ISEF’89, September 20–22, 1989, Lodz, Poland. Session “Synchronous Machines II”, Paper II.7.

4.12. Rizzo M., Savini A., and Turowski J.: Influence of flux collectors on stray losses in transformers. IEEE Transactions on Magnetics, 36(4), July 2000, 1915–1918.

4.13. Rizzo M., Savini A., and Turowski J.: Destructive forces in large power transformers. Proceedings of the International IGTE Symposium on Numerical Field Calculation in Electrical Engineering, Graz, Austria, September 16–18, 2002.

4.14. Savini A. and Turowski J.: The effects of saturation on forces in slots of large synchronous generators. Archiwum Elektrotechniki, PAN. (3/4), 1985, 611–620.

4.15. Szymański G. and Patecki A.: (1) Eddy current and temperature of the sheath in three-phase pipe-sheathing systems. IEEE Trans. on Magnetics, Mag-20(5), September 1984, 2004–2006; and (2) ISEF’89, Lodz, pp. 97–100.

4.16. Turowski J.: Losses in single and three phase transformers covers. (in Polish). Rozprawy Elektrotechniczne, (1), 1959, 87–119.

4.17. Turowski J.: Development trends in the construction of large turbogenerators. (in Polish). Przegląd Elektrotechniczny, (11), 1965, 456–459.

4.18. Turowski J.: Comparative analysis of existing methods of calculation of losses in tanks and constructional parts of transformers. (In Polish). Proc. of Institute of Elektrotechnics, Warsaw, 1972, No. 72, pp. 17–35.

4.19. Turowski J.: Reluctance model of stray field in transformer. (in Polish). Rozprawy Elektrotechniczne, (4), 1984, 1121–1144.

4.20. Turowski J. and Turowski M.: A network approach to the solution of stray field problems in large transformers. Rozprawy Elektrotechniczne, PAN.(2), 1985, 405–422.

4.21. Turowski J.: Wave method of calculating the screens and elements of electric machines. (in Russian). Elektricziestwo, (12), 1965, 53–58 (6 fig., 1 tab.).

4.22. Turowski J. and Brulikowski J.: Effect of distance of screen from the steel wall on the power losses in the system shielded. (in Polish). Proc. of Jubilee Scientific Session of the 25th Anniversary of the Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Technical University of Lodz. June 1970, No. 2, pp. 94–101.

4.23. Turowski J. and Byczkowska L.: Computer calculation of power losses in tanks of transformers. (in Polish). Ibid, June 1970, No. 2, pp. 102–111.

4.24. Turowski J. and Janowski T.: Model investigation of tube screens and the skin effect in iron. Archiwum Elektrotechniki., (1), 1963, 81–103.

4.25. Turowski J. and Przytuła A.: Distribution of equiphase stray fluxes in three-winding transformers. “Elektryka” Scientific Reports of the Tech. Univ. of Lodz, No. 8, 1961, pp. 91–114.

4.26. Turowski J.: Influence of screens and shunt structure on stray field distribution. Proc. of Jubilee Conference “The Transformer Production is 100 Years Old”. Budapest, June 18–21, pp. 470–477.

4.27. Turowski M. and Kopeć M.: Dedicated network program for interactive design of screens and field distribution in electromagnetic devices. Rozprawy Elektrot.,32(3), 1986, pp. 835–844.

4.28. Turowski J., Kopeć M., and Turowski M.: Fast 3-D analysis of combined Cu & Fe screens in three-phase transformers. ISEF’89. Electromagnetic Fields in Electrical Engineering. COMPEL. London: James & James, 1990, pp. 113–116; and ITMA’91. New Delhi, India.

4.29. Turowski J.: Application of reluctance network to estimate stray losses in transformer tank. Proc. of Power Transformers Conference “Transformer’99”. Kolobrzeg, Poland, April 1999, pp. 19–26.

4.30. Turowski J., Kraj I., and Kulasek K.: Industrial verification of rapid design methods in power transformers. International Conference Transformer’01, Bydgoszcz, Poland, June 2001.

4.31. Turowski J. (TUL), Lopez-Fernandez X.M. (Vigo Univ. Spain), Soto A., and Souto D. (EFACEC Trafo Works, Porto, Portugal): Stray losses control in core- and shell type transformers. Part I: Upgrading of energy-saving and reliability of large transformers. Chapter in the book: International Advanced Research Workshop on Transformers— ARWtr2007 X.M. Lopez-Fernandez (editors), Baiona, Spain, October 2007, pp. 56–68.

4.32. Turowski J.: Effect of saturation on the forces in the windings of electrical machines. (in Polish). Archiwum Elektrotechniki, (4), 1960, 677–691.

4.33. Zarębski W.: Calculation of eddy currents induced in the bus-bar screens. (in Polish). Przegląd Elektrotechniczny, XXXVIII(8), 1962, 334–339.

4.34. Leon O.C. and Lin P.M.: Computer-Aided Analysis of Electronic Circuits: Algorithms and Computational Techniques. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall, 1975.

4.35. Turowski M. and Raman A.: Device-circuit models for extreme environment electronics. Proc. of 19th Int. Conf. Mixed Design of Integrated Circuits and Systems (MIXDES 2012). Warsaw, Poland, May 24–26, 2012, pp. 350–355.

4.36. Lopez-Fernandez X.M., Soto A., Souto D., and Turowski J.: Stray losses control in shell type transformers. Part II: Method of three-dimensional reluctance network solution (RNM-3D_Shell). Advanced Research Workshop on Transformers— ARWtr’2007, Baiona, Spain, Oct. 2007, pp. 65–76.

4.37. Sevgi L.: Electromagnetic screening and shielding-effectiveness (SE) modeling. IEEE Antennas and Propagation Magazine, 51(1), 2009, pp. 211–216.

Chapter 5

5.1. Hague B.: Electromagnetic Problems in Electrical Engineering. London. Oxford University Press, 1929.

5.2. Jezierski E., Gogolewski Z., Kopczyński Z., and Szmit J.: Transformers. Construction and Design. (in Polish). Warsaw: WNT, 1963.

5.3. Sajdak Cz. and Samek E.: Induction Heating. Katowice: “Śląsk” Publishing House, 1985.

5.4. Śliwiński T. and Głowacki A.: Starting Parameters of Induction Motors. (in Polish). Warsaw: PWN, 1982.

5.5. Roters H.C.: Electromagnetic Devices. New York: J. Willey, 1961.

5.6. Althammer P.: Calculation of magnetic field in turbogenerators (in German). Brown Boveri Mitt., (5), 1964, 281–292.

5.7. Carpenter C.J.: The application of the method of images to machine end-winding fields. Proc. IEE—Part A: Power Engineering, 107(35), October 1960, 487–500.

5.8. Hammond P.: Electric and magnetic images. Proc. IEE—Part C, 107(12), Sep. 1960, 306–313.

5.9. Kaźmierski M.: An estimation of approximate methods for the analysis of electromagnetic fields in transformers. Rozprawy Elektrotechniczne, 16(1), 1970, 3–26.

5.10. Lehmann T.: Methode graphique. Lumière Electr. 1909, 103–137; and Rev. Gen. Electr. 1933, 351.

5.11. Mullineux N., Reed J.R., and White I.J.: Current distribution in sheet and foil-wound transformers. IEE Proceedings, (1), 1969, 127–129.

5.12. Rizzo M., Savini A., and Turowski J.: Influence of saturation on a torque of DC traction motors. Internat. Conference on Electric Machines. ICEM’88. Pisa, Italy. September 12–13, 1988, Vol. 1, pp. 85–88.

5.13. Rizzo M., Savini A., and Turowski J.: The harmonic content of the flux distribution curves in DC traction motors. Proc. of the Internat. Conference on Electric Drives ICED’88. Polana Brasov, Romania, September 20–22, 1988, Paper 8.1–10, pp. 1–9.

5.14. Turowski J., Fleszar J., Gierczyk J., and Mendrela E.: Criteria for the applicability of the method of analytical extensions for computing of the field by Fourier series. National Conference on Electromagnetic Field Theory. Jadwisin, Poland, 1982, pp. 91–96.

5.15. Turowski J.: Power losses in transformer covers at various methods of their reduction. (in Polish) Archiwum Elektrotechniki, (4), 1959, 529–556.

5.16. Turowski J., Pawłowski J., and Pinkiewicz I.: The model test of stray losses in transformers. (in Polish) “Elektryka” Scientific Papers of Techn. University of Lodz, (12), 1963, 95–115.

5.17. Turowski J., Andryszczak W., and Pelikant A.: Application of the method of mirror images to calculation of the slot impedances, taking into account the saturation of the teeth. (in Polish). “Elektryka” Scientific Papers of Techn. University of Lodz, (74), 1983, 187–198.

5.18. Turowski J.: Additional losses in foil- and bar-wound transformers. Transactions IEEE. Power, App. and Syst. Winter Power Meeting and Tesla Symposium. New York, USA. Paper A-76151. Catalog Power Eng. Soc. No 76, CH 1075-1-PWR, January 1976, pp. 1–7.

5.19. Zakrzewski K. and Sykulski J.: Mirror image of AC currents in unilateral conductive screen, in the light of the of vector potential method. (in Polish). Rozprawy Elektrotechniczne, 23(1), 1977, 73–92.

5.20. Zakrzewski K. and Turowski J.: Methods of analysis of magnetic screening transformer tank. (in Polish) Rozprawy Elektrotechniczne, (3), 1972, 575–601.

5.21. North G.G.: Harmonic analysis of a short stator linear induction motor using a transformation technique. IEEE Trans. on Power Apparatus and Systems, PAS-92(5), 1973, 1733–1743.

5.22. Krishnan R.: Permanent Magnet Synchronous and Brushless DC Motor Drives. Boca Raton: CRC Press, 2009.

5.23. Sharifian M.B., Shaarbafi K., Faiz J., and Feyzi M.: Slot fringing effect on the magnetic characteristics of the electrical machines. Proc. ICECS 2003, 2, 778–781.

5.24. Harley R.G. and Duan Y.: Traditional design of cage rotor induction motors, CEME-2009, Georgia Institute of Technology, Nov. 2009.

5.25. Deepa V. and Bindu R.: Design of three phase induction motor in windows programming platform. Proc. Third Biennial National Conference, NCNTE-2012, 56–61.

5.26. Nietushil A.B. and Polivanov K.M.: Bases of Electrical Engineering. Part 3. Theory of Electromagnetic Field. (in Russian). Moscow: Gosenergoizdat, 1956.

Chapter 6

6.1. Di Barba P.: Multiobjective Shape Design in Electricity and Magnetism. London: Springer, 2010.

6.2. Gieras J., Piech Z., and Tomczuk B.: Linear Synchronous Motors: Transportation and Automation Systems (Electric Power Engineering Series), CRC Press; 2nd edition, August 2011.

6.3. Gieras J.: Advancement in Electric Machines. London: Springer, 2010.

6.4. Courant R.: Differential and Integral Calculus. New York: Wiley-Interscience, 1992; Ishi Press, 2010.

6.5. Postnikov I.M.: Design of Electric Machines. (in Russian). Kiev: GITL, 1960.

6.6. Ryzhik I.M. and Gradstain I.S.: Tables of integrals, series and products. (in Russian). Moscow, Gos. Izd. Tech.-Teoret. Literat. 1951.

6.7. Stafl M.: Electrodynamics of Electrical Machines. Praha: Academia, 1967.

6.8. Turowski J.: Electromachine Components of Automatics. (in Polish). Techn. University of Lodz, 1989.

6.9. Hańka L.: Induced transient phenomena in planar bodies. (in Czech). Elektrotechn., Obzor 8, 1962 (51), 378–382.

6.10. Każmierski M. and Kersz I.: Effectiveness of longitudinal conducting screens. Part I. Electromagnetic field and stray losses. Part II. Temperature rise. (in Polish). Rozprawy Elektrot., (2–3), 1989.

6.11. Lasociński J.: The electromagnetic field in the gap of machine with a solid ferromagnetic rotor taking into account the finite length of the machine. (in Polish). Rozprawy Elektrot., XII(1), 1966, 69–92.

6.12. Margolin S.D.: Calculation of magnetic skin-effect in sheet steel. (in Russian). Journal Tech. Phys. 10, 1948.

6.13. Skoczkowski M. and Kalus M.: The mathematical model of induction heating of ferromagnetic pipes. IEEE Trans. on Magnetics, 25(3), 1989, 2745–2750 (and ISEF’87 Conf., Pavia).

6.14. Strzelecki M.: Power losses and impedances of single-phase large-current paths. (in Polish). XI SPETO, Wisła, April 20–23, 1988, 245–253.

6.15. Turowski J.: Selection of optimal thickness of electrotechnical sheet from the standpoint of electrical properties of the core. (in Polish). Przegląd Elektrotechniczny, 8, 1964, 361–368.

6.16. Turowski J., Komeza K., Pelikant A., Wiak S. M., and Savini A.: Electromagnetic field problems in small electronic controlled motors. Proc. of Internat. Aegean Conference on Electr. Machines and Power Electronics-ACEMP’92. May 27–29, 1992. Turkey: Kusadasi. (Invited paper). Plenary Session. Proceedings, Vol. 2/2, pp. 430–437.

6.17. Turowski J.: Electromagnetic field and power losses in covers of transformers. PhD thesis. Technical University of Lodz, Poland. December 1957, pp. 1–142. (Published in parts in [1.15/1], [2.31], [4.16], [5.15], and [6.15]).

6.18. Lozinskiy M.G.: Surface Hardening and Induction Heating of Steel. (in Russian). Moscow: Mashgiz, 1949.

Chapter 7

7.1. Chari M.V.K. and Silvester P.P.: Finite Elements in Electrical and Magnetic Field Problems. New York: J. Wiley, 1980.

7.2. Dąbrowski M.: Analysis of Magnetic Circuits. Power Losses in the Circuits. (in Polish). Warszawa-Poznań: PWN, 1981.

7.3. (a) Fortuna Z., Macukow B., and Wąsowski J.: Numerical Methods. (in Polish). Warsaw: PWN, 1982. (b) Faires J.D. and Burden R.L.: Numerical Methods. Pacific Grove, CA: Brooks Cole, 3rd edition, 2002.

7.4. (a) Golde W., Norek C., and Paszkowski S.: Outline of Approximation Theory and its Applications in Electrical Engineering. (in Polish). Warsaw: PWN, 1958. (b) Hamming R.W.: Numerical Methods for Scientists and Engineers. New York: Dover Publications; 2nd edition, 1987.

7.5. Arkhangielskiy B.I.: The analytical expression of the magnetization curve of electric machines. Elektrichestvo, (3), 1950, 30–32.

7.6. Coulson M.A., Preston T.W., and Reece A.B.: 3-Dimensional finite element solvers for the design of electrical equipment. COMPUMAG’85 Conference, Fort Collins, USA, 1985.

7.7. Kaźmierski M.: Replacement permeability of screened ferromagnetism. (in Polish). Rozprawy Elektrot. 22(2), 1976, 287–301.

7.8. Komęza K. and Krusz G.: Hermitian finite elements in numerical analysis of transformer leakage magnetic field. International Symposium ISEF’89, Lodz 1989, pp. 109–112.

7.9. Kozlowski M. and Turowski J.: Stray losses and local overheating hazard in transformers. CIGRE. Plenary Session, Paris 1972. Report 12–110.

7.10. Lasociński J.: Approximate methods for analyzing one-dimensional electromagnetic fields in solid iron. (in Polish). Rozprawy Elektrot., (3), 1967, 555–577.

7.11. Neiman L.R.: Surface Effect in Ferromagnetic Bodies. (in Russian). Leningrad-Moscow: Gosenergoizdat, 1949.

7.12. Neiman L.R. and Zaicev I.A.: Experimental verification of the surface effect in tubular steel bars. (in Russian). Elektrichestvo, (2), 1950, 3–8.

7.13. Rosenberg E.: Eddy current in solid iron. (in German). E. u M., 41, 1923, 317–325.

7.14. Savini A.: Modelling hysteresis loops for finite element magnetic field calculation. IEEE Trans. on Magnetics, 18(2), March 1982, 552–557.

7.15. Turowski J.: Fast evaluation of 3-D eddy current loss distribution in transformer tanks. Proc. of 13th IMACS World Congress on Computation and Applied Mathematics. July 22–26, 1991. Dublin, Ireland. Session 12.2.5 (Invited paper).

7.16. Turowski J.: Losses in covers of three phase transformers caused by the electromagnetic field of bushings (in Polish). Science Reports “Elektryka”, No. 4, Tech. University of Lodz, 1958, pp. 79–101.

7.17. Turowski J.: A method for the automatic calculation of the eddy current losses in solid iron. (in German). XI. International Scientific Colloquium of the Technical University Ilmenau. 1966. Lecture series “Electrical Machines” Part I, pp. 51–56.

7.18. Turowski J.: The formula for power loss in unscreened tanks of large single-phase transformers. (in Polish) Rozprawy Elektrotechniczne, (1), 1969,149–176.

7.19. Turowski J.: The meshed model of stray field in three-phase transformer. (in Polish). Science Reports “Elektryka”, Techn. University of Lodz, No. 66, 1979, pp. 105–122.

7.20. Turowski J.: Generalized method of calculating the stray losses in metal parts of the construction. (in Polish). Rozprawy Elektrotechniczne, (1), 1968, 179–195.

7.21. Turowski J., Kopeć M., and Turowski M.: Method of fast analysis of 3-D leakage fields in large three-phase transformers. COMPEL—The International Journal for Computation and Mathematics in Electrical Engineering. London: James & James, 1990, Vol. 9, Supplement A, pp. 167–170 and pp. 302–304.

7.22. Turowski J. and Zakrzewski K.: Problems of creation of strong magnetic fields. (in Russian). World Electrotechnical Congress “WELC’77”. Moscow, June 1977. Invited plenary paper, No. 1.59, pp. 1–15.

7.23. Turowski J., Turowski M., and Kopeć M.: Method of three-dimensional network solution of leakage field of three-phase transformers. IEEE Transactions on Magnetics, 26(5), September 1990, 2911–2919.

7.24. Turowski J. and Zwoliński G.: Hybrid model for fast computation of 3-D leakage field and eddy current losses in highly asymmetric structures. Proc. of 5th Polish-Japanese Joint Seminar on Electromagnetics in Science and Technology. Gdansk’97, Poland, May 19–21, 1997, pp. 165–168.

7.25. Wiak S.: Analysis of transients in electrical circuits containing solenoid with initially magnetized cores for impulse excitations. Archiv für Elektrotechnik, 71, 1988, 1–7.

7.26. Zakrzewski K.: Analysis of the electromagnetic field in solid iron by using numerical methods. (in Polish). Archiwum Elektrot., XVIII(3), 1969, 569–585.

7.27. Zakrzewski K.: Practical method for calculating active and reactive power in solid iron. (in Polish). Rozprawy Elektrotechniczne, 24(1), 1975, 213–233.

7.28. Zolotariov N.A.: Mathematic modeling of magnetic hysteresis. Elektrichestvo,(6), 1989, 75–79.

7.29. Życki Z.: The accuracy of calculation of magnetic circuits with permanent magnets. Scientific Papers of Inst. of Electromachine Systems, Wroclaw University of Technology, No. 39, 1987, pp. 61–80.

7.30. Zwoliński G.: Stray fields and losses in asymmetric transformer structures. PhD thesis. Technical University of Lodz, 1999 (supervisor J. Turowski).

7.31. Zwolinski G. and Turowski J.: Stray losses in multiwinding transformers on load. International Conference on Power Transformers—Transformer 03. Pieczyska, Poland, May 2003.

7.32. Kulkarni S.V. and Khaparde S.A.: Stray loss evaluation in power transformers— A review. Proc. IEEE. PES Winter Meeting, Jan. 2000, pp. 2269–2274, Paper 0-7803-5938-0/00.

7.33. Lopez-Fernandez X.M., Turowski J., Comesaña, Souto-Rodriguez A., Couto D., and Jácomo Ramos: Three-dimensional leakage magnetic field distribution in shell-form power transformer. ISEF 2009—XIV Int. Symposium on Electromagnetic Fields in Mechatronics, Electr. and Electron. Engng. Arras, France, September 10–12, 2009.

7.34. Turowski J.: Fast calculation and reduction of stray losses in power transformers. (Theory in the light of industrial practice). Updated for the Transformer Works WEG in Brazil. Internat. “Brasil-Poland-Spain” Seminar, Lodz, Poland, December 6–9, 2011, pp. 1–11.

7.35. Hargreaves P.A., Mecrow B. C., and Hall R.: Calculation of iron loss in electrical generators using finite element analysis. IEEE Trans. on Industry Applications, 48(5), Sept/Oct. 2012, 1460–1466.

7.36. Li Y., Eerhemubayaer, Sun X., Jing Y., and Li J.: Calculation and analysis of 3-D nonlinear eddy current field and structure losses in transformer. 2011 International Conference on Electrical Machines and Systems (ICEMS), pp. 1–4.

7.37. Zhu Z., Xie D., Wang G., Zhang Y., and Yan X.: Computation of 3-D magnetic leakage field and stray losses in large power transformer. IEEE Trans. on Magnetics, 48(2), 739–742, Feb. 2012.

Chapter 8

8.1. Kurdziel R.: Action of Thermal and Dynamic Short-circuit Currents. Warsaw: PWT, 1957.

8.2. Kuzniecov I.F. and Cicikian G.N.: Electrodynamic Forces in the Current-carrying Parts of Electrical Equipment and Conductors. Leningrad: Energoatomizdat, 1989.

8.3. Puchała A.: The Dynamics of Electromechanical Equipment. Warsaw: PWN, 1977.

8.4. Adamiak K., Mendrela E.A., and Mendrela E.M.: Force field distribution in the chamber of shaft magnetic separators. ISEF’85, Warsaw, Paper X.69, pp. 295–298.

8.5. Bytnar A.: Compensating abilities of turbogenerators working in an electrical power systems. Scientific Archives of Warsaw University of Technology “Elektryka”, (90), 1989, 21–35.

8.6. Drak B., Paszek S., and Paszek W.: Electrodynamic forces acting on the stator winding overhangs of the turbogenerator. ISEF’89, 229–232.

8.7. IEC Publication 909: Short-circuit Current Calculation in Three-Phase AC-Systems, 1988.

8.8. Kranz R.: Special Report of Group 11 (Rotating Machines) CIGRE 1984. Session Paris, Report 11.00.

8.9. Lefevre Y., Lajoie-Mazenc M., and Daval B.: Force calculating in electromagnetic devices. ISEF’87. Paper V-4, pp. 227–230.

8.10. Nowak L.: Optimization of acyclic transducers including the electromechanical dynamic states. Polit. Poznan, Dissertations. No. 191, 1988.

8.11. Patecki A. and Szymański C.: Electrodynamic forces in three-phase pipe-sheathing system. ISEF’85, Warsaw, Poland, Paper XI.78. pp. 335–337.

8.12. Patel M.R.: Crushing stresses on hollow conductors in large water-cooled generator stator slots. IEEE Trans. PAS-102(5), 1983, 1365–1370.

8.13. Rais V.R., Turowski J., and Turowski M.: Reluctance network analysis of coupled fields in reversible electromagnetic pump. Proc. of Internat. Symposium on Electromagnetic Fields in Electrical Engineering—ISEF’87. 23–25 Sep. 1987. Paper No. VI-8, pp. 291–294, Pavia, Italy (Plenary Report).

8.14. Rizzo M., Savini A., and Turowski J.: Force calculation in large electrical machines. IEEE Transactions on Magnetics. 25(4), July 1989, 2977–2979.

8.15. Rizzo M., Savini A., and Turowski J.: Influence of slot dimensions on forces in turbine generators. Electromagnetic Fields in Electrical Engineering. London: James & James, 1990, ISEF’89, pp. 193–196.

8.16. Savini A. and Turowski J.: The effects of saturation on forces in slots of large synchronous generators. Archiwum Elektrotechniki, PAN. No. 3/4, 1985, 611–620.

8.17. Turowski J.: Effect of saturation on the forces in the windings of electrical machines. Archiwum Elektrotechniki, (4), 1960, 677–691.

8.18. Rizzo M., Savini A., and Turowski J.: Evolution in calculating crushing forces and vibrations in slots of large turbo-alternators. Proc. of International Conference on the Evolution and Modern Aspects of Synchronous Machines, Zurich, Switzerland, 27–29 Aug. 1991, SM-100.

8.19. Rizzo M., Savini A., and Turowski J.: Dependence of forces, eddy currents, and stray losses on geometric structure and parameters of power transformers. Proc. of the 4th International Conference on Electromagnetic Field Problems & Applications, ICEF-2000, 18–20 September, 2000, Tianjin, China. International Academic Publishers. Beijing: World Publishing Corporation, 2000, pp. 351–354.

8.20. Sobiczewska G., Sosnowski S., and Turowski J.: The dynamics of maneuvering trucks and cranes with linear motors. Proc. SEP-ITMA-PŁ-OBRME Conference, Katowice-Chorzów, November 4–5, 1976. “Electric Machines”. BOBRME Problem Papers, No. 24/1976, pp. 38–42.

8.21. Worotynski J., Turowski M., and Mendrela E.A.: The accuracy of calculation of magnetic fields, inductance and forces in electromagnetic devices using the reluctance network method (RNM), ISEF’93. COMPEL. London: James & James Science Publishers, 1994, pp. 159–163.

8.22. Pathmaathan M. and Soong W.L.: Nesimi Ertugrul: Maximum-torque-per-ampere control of phase advance modulation of an SPM wind generator. IEEE Trans. on Industry Applications, 48(5), September/October 2012, 1443–1451.

8.23. De Donato G., Capponi F.G., Rivellini G.A., and Caricchi F.: Integra-slot versus fractional-slot concentrated-winding axial-flux PM machines: Comparative design, FEA, and experimental tests. IEEE Trans. on Industry Applications, 48(5), September/October 2012, 1487–1495.

8.24. Weizhong Fei, Chi Kwong Luk P., Jian Xin Shen, Yu Wang, and Mengjia Jin.: A novel PM flux switching machine with an outer-rotor configuration for in-wheel light traction applications. IEEE Trans. on Industry Applications, 48(5), September/October 2012, 1496–1505.

8.25. Rizzo M., Savini A., and Turowski J.: Effect of the nonlinearity of demagnetization curves on the torque of hybrid stepping motors with permanent magnet in slots. COMPEL. 17(1–3), 1998, pp. 318–323.

8.26. Wiak S. and Turowski J.: Computer simulation of field and transient processes in linear electromechanical converter. International Seminar on Linear Electric Machines. September 1–6. 1990, Odessa, Ukraine.

8.27. Rizzo M., Savini A., and Turowski J.: Influence of the shape of nonuniform gaps on the torques of DC brushless motors. 4th Biennial IEEE Conference on Electromagnetic Field Computation. Toronto, Canada, October 22–24, 1990.

8.28. Wiak S., Komęza K., Savini A., Turowski J., and Rizzo M.: Field and torque calculation of fractional DC permanent magnet motor by Hermitian finite element method. Book: Electromagnetic Field Problems and Applications—ICEF’92. International Beijing: Academic Publishers, 1992, pp. 480–484.

8.29. Rizzo M., Savini A., and Turowski J.: Influence of number of poles on torques of DC brushless motors with auxiliary salient poles. Intermag’91 Conference, Pittsburgh, USA.

8.30. Rizzo M., Savini A., and Turowski J.: FEM analysis and design of polar shoes in permanent magnet DC motors. Book: Simulation and Design of Applied Electromagnetic Systems (T. Honma editor). Amsterdam: Elsevier Science B.V., 1994, pp. 265–268.

8.31. Rizzo M., Savini A., and Turowski J.: The shaping of flux density at the air gap of small DC motors with different permanent-magnet poles. Book: Electric and Magnetic Fields (A. Nicolet and R. Belmans editors). New York: Plenum Press, 1995, pp. 319–322.

8.32. Rizzo M., Savini A., and Turowski J.: Influence of permanent-magnet inserts on the reluctance torque of small electric machines. Electromagnetic Field Problems & Applications ICEF’96. Beijing: International Academic Publishers, 1996, pp. 144–146.

Chapter 9

9.1. Kącki E.: Thermokinetics. (in Polish) Warsaw: WNT, 1967.

9.2. Michejev M.A.: Principles of Heat Transfer. (in Polish). Warsaw: WNT, 1953.

9.3. Apanasewicz S. and Kazmierski M.: Electromagnetic field in cover-joint region due to AC through LV leads in generator transformers. ISEF’89. 20-22.9.1969, pp. 137–140.

9.4. Bereza V.L., Furman J.I., Ivankov C.F., and Nizhnik L.P.: Eddy currents and losses in the transformer tank cover induced by the field of heavy current taps. ISEF’85. Warsaw, Paper No. 57, pp. 245–248.

9.5. Long L.W.: Overloading and loading limitation of large transformers. CIGRE, Electra, No 86, 1983, pp. 33–51.

9.6. Partyga S. and Turowski J.: Current problems of exploitation and construction of transformer. (in Polish). Przegląd Elektrotechniczny, No. 8–9, 1982, 234–236.

9.7. Sofia, J.W.: Analysis of thermal transient data with synthesized dynamic models for semiconductor devices. IEEE Transactions on Components, Packaging, and Manufacturing Technology Part A (CPMT), 18, March 1995, 39–47.

9.8. Turowski J.: Localization of stray losses and excessive temperature rises of structural elements by the reluctance network method. Works of the Inst. of Elektrotech., (132), 1984, 7–19.

9.9. Turowski J.: Overheating hazard in flanged bolt joints of transformers. Proc. Internat. Symposium on Electromagnetic Fields in Electrical Engineering - ISEF’85. Warsaw, Poland, 26–28 September 1985. Paper No. 63, pp. 271–274 (Plenary lecture).

9.10. Turowski J.: Local overheating hazard in transformers. (in Russian). Izvestia Vysshikh Uchebnykh Zavedenij. SSSR “Elektromekhanika”, 8/1961, pp. 91–114.

9.11. Turowski J.: Rapid evaluation of excessive local heating hazard in bushing turrets of large power transformers. XVI International Conference on Electrical Machines— ICEM’04, Cracow, Poland, September 2004.

9.12. Turowski J. and Pelikant A.: Eddy current losses and hot-spot evaluation in cover plates of power transformers. IEE Proceedings—Generation, Transmission and Distribution, 144(6), November 1997, pp. 435–440, and ISEF’97, Gdansk, Poland, 25–27 September 1997.

9.13. Cranganu-Cretu B. and Schneider M.: Coupled electromagnetic-thermal analysis for ABB power transformers. Proc. Int. Colloq. Transform. Research Asset Manage. Cavtat, Croatia, November 2009, pp. 1–9.

9.14. Penabad-Duran P., Lopez-Fernandez X.M., Turowski J., and Ribeiro P.M.: 3D heating hazard assessment on transformer covers. Arrangement decision. COMPEL Int J. Comput. Math. in Elect. Electron. Eng., 31(2), 2012, 703–715.

9.15. Lopez-Fernandez X.M., Penabad-Duran P., Turowski J., and Ribeiro P.M.: Nonlinear heating hazard assessment on transformer covers and tank walls. Electrical Review, (7b), 2012, 28–31.

Chapter 10

10.1. Gotszalk R.: Laboratory Techniques and Measurements of Electrical Quantities. (in Polish). Wroclaw University of Technology, 1985.

10.2. Heptner H. and Stroppe H.: Magnetic and Inductive Testing of Metals. (in Polish). Ed. “Śląsk”, 1972.

10.3. Ivanov-Smolenskiy A.V.: Electromagnetic Fields and Processes in Electric Machines and their Physical Modeling. (in Russian). Moscow: Energia, 1969.

10.4. Bolshakova, I.A. et al.: Magnetic measuring instrumentation with radiation-resistant Hall sensors for fusion reactors: Experience of testing at JET. IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science, 59, Aug. 2012, 1224–1231.

10.5. Nałęcz M. and Jaworski J.: Magnetic Measurements Techniques. (in Polish). Warsaw: WNT, 1968.

10.6. Smielianskij M.J. and Bortniczuk N.I.: Short Networks of Electric Furnaces. (in Russian). Moscow: GEI, 1962.

10.7. Trzaska Z., Krzemiński S., Wincenciak S., Sikora J., Skoczylas J., and Filipowicz F.: Laboratory of Electromagnetic Field. (in Polish). Warsaw: Warsaw University of Technology, 1979.

10.8. Allen P.H.O.: Loss measurement survey by Poynting vector wattmeter. Electrical Journal. 161(25), 1958.

10.9. Bolkowski S. and Karwat T.: The use of power-frequency multipliers in the laboratory of the electromagnetic field. (in Polish) Proc. of XI Seminar SPETO’88. Wisła, Poland, 1988, 143–145.

10.10. Cjchy J. and Dąbrowski M.: The study of magnetic properties of structural steel. Archiwum Elektrot. 44(2), 1975, 329–343.

10.11. Derszwarc G.B. and Smielanskij M.J.: Electrodynamic modeling of electrothermal devices. (in Russian). Elektrichestvo, (10), 1951, 47–50.

10.12. Deutsch G.: Measurement of active power losses of large reactors. (in German). Brown Boveri Mitt., 47(4), 1960.

10.13. Janowski T.: The method of measurement of additional load losses occurring outside the windings. (in Polish). Sci. Proc. of WSI-Lublin, Elektryka, October 1969.

10.14. Janowski T.: Power measurements using wattmeter compensation attachment (in Polish). Sci. Proc. of WSI-Lublin, Elektryka, October 1970, 123–137.

10.15. Janowski T. and Malinowski H.: Superconducting solenoid model for transient studies. (in Polish). Proc. SPETO’89. Wisła, Poland, 1989.

10.16. Janowski T. and Turowski J.: The criterion for the selection of method for measuring power losses in tanks of transformers. (in Polish). Rozprawy Elektrotechniczne, (1), 1970, 205–226.

10.17. Jezierski E. and Turowski J.: Dependence of stray losses on current and temperature. CIGRE, 20th Plenary Session, Paris 1964, Report 102, 1–13.

10.18. Kazmierski M., Kozlowski M., Lasocinski J., Pinkiewicz I., and Turowski J.: Hot spot identification and overheating hazard preventing when designing a large transformer. CIGRE 1984 Plenary Session. August 29—September 6, 1984. Report 12-12, 1–6.

10.19. Klesa J. and Kopecek J.: Some problems of design of the tank of large transformers. (in Czech). Elektrotechn. Obzor, (2), 1967, 53–56.

10.20. Niewierowicz N. and Turowski J.: A new thermometric method of measuring power losses in solid metal elements. Proceedings IEE, 119(5), 1972, 626–636.

10.21. Nowaczyński J.: (1) Local overheating of construction elements of transformers, during overload and over-excitation. (in Polish). PhD Dissertation under the direction of J. Turowski, Inst. of El. Machines and Transformers, Technical University of Lodz, September 1977; and (2) Sci. Reports of Power Inst. (7) 1979, 1–130.

10.22. Savini A. and Turowski J.: Influence of structure geometry, screens, and eddy currents on the critical distance of tank wall in power transformers. Chapter 3.6 in the book “Electromagnetic Fields in Electrical Engineering”. New York: Plenum Press, 1988, pp. 119–127.

10.23. Specht T.R., Rademacher L.B., and Moore H.R.: Iron and copper loss measurement in transformers. Electr. Eng., (5) 1958.

10.24. Turowski J.: Wattmeter for measuring power at practically any low power factor and any low voltage. Polish Patent No. 47975, 5 Nov. 1962, Patent Office Bulletin, No. 6, 1963. Online: tech.money.pl/przemysl/patenty/pl-47975-504288.html.

10.25. Turowski J.: Wattmeter system for measuring at very low power factor and small voltages. Przegląd Elektrotechniczny, (4), 1964, pp.176–177.

10.25a. Turowski J.: The instrument for measurement of losses at the low power factor. CIGRE, 20th Plenary Session, Paris 1964, Report of Polish National Committee of the CIGRE. Instytut Energetyki. Warsaw-Paris 1964, pp. 1–3. Supplement.

10.26. Turowski J.: Power measurement at very low power factor or low voltage. Proceedings IEE, 112(4), 1965, 740–741.

10.27. Turowski J.: Testing of large transformers on CIGRE’64 (in Polish). Przegląd Elektrotechniczny, (11), 1965, 460–464.

10.28. Turowski J.: The method of calculating the distribution of stray flux between the core and tank. (in Polish). Technical University of Lodz, Dept. of Electric Machines. 1965. Report No E6/1z/64, Part I, 9–36.

10.29. Turowski J.: Calculation of stray fields and the losses in large transformers (in Italian). Istituto di Elettrotecnica. Universita degli Studi di Pavia, Italy, February 25, 1985, pp.1–54.

10.30. Turowski J., Kazmierski M., and Ketner A.: Determination of losses in structural parts by the thermometric method. Przegląd Elektrotechniczny, (10), 1964, 439–444.

10.31. Turowski J., Komęza K., and Wiak S.: Experimental determination of the distribution of power losses in the cores and construction elements of transformers. Przegląd Elektrotechniczny, (10), 1987, 265–268.

10.32. Wandel & Golterman: Electronic Precision Measurement. (in German). Eningen: Drexler Druck, 1983.

10.33. Zakrzewski K.: Mathematical modeling of electromagnetic fields in massive iron. (in Polish). Rozprawy Elektrot., 16(1), 1970, 27–43.

10.34. Zakrzewski K.: Physical modeling of fields and load losses in transformers. Rozprawy Elektrot., 25(2), 1979, 401–418.

10.35. Alatawneh N. and Pragasen P.: Design of a novel test fixture to measure rotational core losses in machine lamination. IEEE Trans. on Industry Applications, 48(5), Sept/Oct. 2012, 1460–1466.

10.36. Darley V.: The practical application of FEM in transformer design & development. COMPEL, 11, 125–128, 1992.

10.37. Turowski J., Kopeć M., Rizzo M., and Savini A.: 3-D analysis of critical distance of tank wall in power transformers. Proc. Internat. Symposium on Electromagnetic Fields in Electrical Engineering—ISEF’91, Sep. 1991. Southampton, UK, pp. 229–232.

Chapter 11

11.1. Turowski J.: Method of fast analysis of 3-D leakage fields in large three-phase transformers. Proc. of International Symposium and TEAM Workshop on 3-D Electromagnetic Field Analysis—3DMAG, Okayama, Japan, 11–13 September 1989, Paper VII.10, 123.

11.2. Wiak S., Pelikant A., and Turowski J.: Solution of 3-D electromagnetic field in Problem No. 10 TEAM WORKSHOP. Proc. of Seminar EDT-3D on Electrodynamics of Three-Dimensional Systems. Lodz, Poland. Ministry of National Educ. and Poland Section of IEEE, 7 December 1990, 12–14.

11.3. Wiak S., Pelikant A., and Turowski J.: Solution of the TEAM WORKSHOP Problem No. 7 by Reluctance Network Method (Asymmetrical Conductor with a Hole). COMPEL, James & James. London, 13(1), March 1994, 59–62.

11.4. Wiak S., Pelikant A., and Turowski J.: Magnetostatic field calculation of 3-D nonlinear model by reluctance network method. (Problem No. 13 of TEAM Workshop). Proc. of Internat. Symposium on Electromagnetic Fields in Electrical Engineering— ISEF’91, September 18–20, 1991, Southampton, UK, 267–270.

11.5. Gieras J.: Selected technical aspects of Tu-154 m Smolensk air crash on April 10, 2010. Mathematical and Computational Forestry Natura-Resouce Sciences MCFNS, 5(5), 2013, 37–70; ISSN 1946-7664.

11.6. Proceedings of the Smolensk Air Crash Conference, Oct. 22, 2012. (In English and Polish). Warsaw, 2013, pp. 1–188.