Range query on dates

A range query can also be applied to date fields since dates are also inherently ordered. You can specify the date format while querying a date range:

GET /orders/_search
{
    "query": {
        "range" : {
            "orderDate" : {
                "gte": "01/09/2017",
                "lte": "30/09/2017",
                "format": "dd/MM/yyyy"
            }
        }
    }
}

The preceding query will filter all the orders that were placed in the month of September 2017.

Elasticsearch allows us to use dates with or without the time in its queries. It also supports the use of special terms, including now to denote the current time. For example, the following query queries data from the last 7 days up until now, that is, data from exactly 24 x 7 hours ago till now with a precision of milliseconds:

GET /orders/_search
{
    "query": {
        "range" : {
            "orderDate" : {
                "gte": "now-7d",
                "lte": "now"
            }
        }
    }
}

The ability to use terms such as now makes this easier to comprehend.

Elasticsearch supports many date-math operations. As part of its date support, it supports the special keyword now. It also supports adding or subtracting time with different units of measurement. It supports single character shorthands such as y (year), M (month), w (week), d (day), hor H (hours), m (minutes), and s (seconds). For example, now - 1y would mean a time of exactly 1 year ago until this moment. It is possible to round time into different units. For example, to round the interval by day, inclusive of both the start and end interval day, use "gte": "now - 7d/d" or "lte": "now/d". Specifying /d rounds time by days.

The range query runs in filter context by default. It doesn't calculate any scores and the score is always set to 1 for all matching documents.

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Range query on dates