Contents

Cover

Dedication

Title page

Copyright

Contributors

Foreword

Chapter 1: Introduction

Abstract

1.1. Who this book is for

1.2. Preview of the content

1.3. Oil and gas industry overview

1.4. Brief history of oil exploration

1.5 Oil and gas as limited resources

1.6. Challenges of oil and gas

Chapter 2: Data Science, Statistics, and Time-Series

Abstract

2.1. Measurement, uncertainty, and record keeping

2.2. Correlation and timescales

2.3. The idea of a model

2.4. First principles models

2.5. The straight line

2.6. Representation and significance

2.7. Outlier detection

2.8. Residuals and statistical distributions

2.9. Feature engineering

2.10. Principal component analysis

2.11. Practical advice

Chapter 3: Machine Learning

Abstract

3.1. Basic ideas of machine learning

3.2. Bias-variance complexity trade-off

3.3. Model types

3.4. Training and assessing a model

3.5. How good is my model?

3.6. Role of domain knowledge

3.7. Optimization using a model

3.8. Practical advice

Chapter 4: Introduction to Machine Learning in the Oil and Gas Industry

Abstract

4.1. Forecasting

4.2. Predictive maintenance

4.3. Production

4.4. Modeling physical relationships

4.5. Optimization and advanced process control

4.6. Other applications

Chapter 5: Data Management from the DCS to the Historian

Abstract

5.1. Introduction

5.2. Sensor data

5.3. Time series data

5.4. How sensor data is transmitted by field networks

5.5. How control systems manage data

5.6. Historians and information servers as a data source

5.7. Data visualization of time series data—HMI (human machine interface)

5.8. Data management for equipment and facilities

5.9. Simulators, process modeling, and operating training systems

5.10. How to get data out of the field/plant and to your analytics platform

5.11. Conclusion: do you know if your data is correct?

Chapter 6: Getting the Most Across the Value Chain

Abstract

6.1. Thinking outside the box

6.2. Costing a project

6.3. Valuing a project

6.4. The business case

6.5. Growing markets, optimizing networks

6.6. Integrated strategy and alignment

6.7. Case studies: capturing market opportunities

6.8. Digital platform: partner, acquire, or build?

6.9. What success looks like

Chapter 7: Project Management for a Machine Learning Project

Abstract

7.1. Classical project management in oil & gas-a (short) primer

7.2. Agile-the mindset

7.3. Scrum-the framework

7.4. Project execution-from pilot to product

7.5. Management of change and culture

7.6. Scaling-from pilot to product

Chapter 8: The Business of AI Adoption

Abstract

8.1. Defining artificial intelligence

8.2. AI impacts on oil and gas

8.3. The adoption challenge

8.4. The problem of trustf

8.5. Digital leaders lead

8.6. Overcoming barriers to scaling up

8.7. Confronting front line change

8.8. Doing digital change

Chapter 9: Global Practice of AI and Big Data in Oil and Gas Industry

Abstract

9.1. Introduction

9.2. Integrate digital rock physics with AI to optimize oil recovery

9.3. The molecular level advance planning system for refining

9.4. The application of big data in the oil refining process

9.5. Equipment management based on AI

Chapter 10: Soft Sensors for NOx Emissions

Abstract

10.1. Introduction to soft sensing

10.2. NOx and SOx emissions

10.3. Combined heat and power (CHP)

10.4. Soft sensing and machine learning

10.5. Setting up a soft sensor

10.6. Assessing the model

10.7. Conclusion

Chapter 11: Detecting Electric Submersible Pump Failures

Abstract

11.1. Introduction

11.2. ESP data analytics

11.3. Principal Component Analysis

11.4. PCA diagnostic model

11.5. Case study: diagnosis of the ESP broken shaft

11.6. Conclusions

Chapter 12: Predictive and Diagnostic Maintenance for Rod Pumps

Abstract

12.1. Introduction

12.2. Feature engineering

12.3. Project method to validate our model

12.4. Results

Chapter 13: Forecasting Slugging in Gas Lift Wells

Abstract

13.1. Introduction

13.2. Methodology

13.3. Focus projects

13.4. Data structure

13.5. Outlook

13.6. Conclusion

Index

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