Table of Contents

  1. About the Author

  2. Acknowledgments

  3. Foreword

  4. Introduction

  5. Chapter 1

  6. Understanding Human-Centered Design

    1. What Is Human-Centered Design?

      1. Design Thinking Models

      2. Our Design Thinking Process

      3. Design Thinking Is the First Step

    2. How Are Products Built?

      1. How Do We Implement Our Products?

      2. Waterfall: A Linear, Phased Work Stream

      3. Agile: An Iterative, Continual Process

      4. Hybrid: A Combination of the Two

      5. Which Process Is Good for Your Projects?

    3. What Is User Experience, or “UX”?

      1. UX Is Usercentric

      2. UX Is More Than a Screen

      3. UX Is All Around Us

      4. The Basic Elements of UX

      5. UX Touches Many Disciplines

      6. The UX Triad

      7. UX Incorporates All Elements of an Experience for All People

    4. What Is UI?

      1. Different UI, Same Problem to Solve

      2. The Basic Elements of UI

      3. Typography

      4. Images

      5. Icons

      6. Layout

      7. UI Is a Part of UX

    5. Cognitive Overload

      1. What Is Cognitive Overload?

      2. Cognitive Load Theory

      3. Examples of Cognitive Overload

      4. Reduce Cognitive Overload for Your Users

    6. Let’s Work Together!

  7. Chapter 2

  8. Using Empathy as a Design Tool

    1. Types of Research

      1. Behavioral vs. Attitudinal

      2. Qualitative vs. Quantitative

      3. The Research Landscape Chart

      4. Stages of Design Research

      5. Research Is an Ongoing Process

    2. Surveys

      1. What Is a Survey?

      2. Survey Question Types

      3. Survey Best Practices

      4. Recruiting Participants

      5. Survey Example

      6. Let’s Do It!

    3. Preparing for User Interviews

      1. What Is a User Interview?

      2. How Do You Start Preparing?

      3. Question Quality

      4. How Can You Structure the Script?

      5. Prepare Beforehand for a Smooth, Well-Structured Interview

      6. Let’s Do It!

    4. Conducting User Interviews

      1. Finding Participants

      2. Interviewing Your Participants

      3. After the Interview

      4. Let’s Do It!

    5. Affinity Mapping

      1. What Is Affinity Mapping?

      2. Affinity Mapping Process

      3. Let’s Do It!

    6. After You Empathize, You Define

  9. Chapter 3

  10. Defining the User’s Problems

    1. Where Are You in the Design Thinking Process?

    2. Personas

      1. What Is a Persona?

      2. How Do You Make Personas?

      3. Personas Help You Define Who You’re Designing For

      4. Let’s Do It!

    3. User Journey Mapping

      1. What Is a User Journey Map?

      2. How Do You Make a User Journey Map?

      3. User Journeys Help You Understand

      4. Let’s Do It!

    4. The Problem to Solve

      1. How Do You Use a Problem Statement?

      2. How Do You Make a Problem Statement?

      3. A Great Problem Statement Is Challenging but Powerful

      4. Let’s Do It!

    5. Competitive Research

      1. What Is Competitive Research?

      2. SWOT—Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, Threats

      3. Internal Factors

      4. External Factors

      5. Lightning Demo

      6. How Do You Do It?

      7. How Do You Do It Well?

      8. Competitive Analysis

      9. Apply the Right Technique for the Right Question

      10. Let’s Do It!

    6. After You Define, You Ideate

  11. Chapter 4

  12. Exploring Ideation Techniques and Tools

    1. Where Are You in the Design Thinking Process?

    2. Ideation

      1. What Is Ideation?

      2. When Could You Ideate?

      3. What Types of Ideation Exist?

      4. What Are Some Ideation Best Practices?

      5. Using Ideation in the Design Thinking Process

    3. Conceptual Ideation

      1. What Is Brainstorming?

      2. How Do You Brainstorm?

      3. How Do You Brainstorm Well?

      4. When Should You Avoid Brainstorming?

      5. Brainstorming Is the Quintessential Ideation Technique

      6. Let’s Do It!

    4. Visual Ideation

      1. What Is Sketching?

      2. Why Do You Sketch?

      3. How Do You Sketch?

      4. Crazy 8s

      5. Visual Ideation Gives Ideas More Definition

      6. Let’s Do It!

    5. Relational Ideation—New Ideas Out of Existing Concepts

      1. Mind Mapping

      2. SCAMPER

      3. Let’s Do It!

    6. Prioritization

      1. What Is Prioritization?

      2. Dot Voting

      3. MoSCoW Method

      4. Cars Method

      5. Conclusion

      6. Let’s Do It!

    7. After You Ideate, You Prototype

  13. Chapter 5

  14. Prototyping Solutions

    1. Where Are You in the Design Thinking Process?

    2. Prototyping

      1. What Is a Prototype?

      2. What Types of Prototypes Exist?

      3. What Tools Can Help You Prototype?

      4. Choose the Right Tool for the Right Fidelity

    3. Task Flows

      1. What Is a Task Flow?

      2. Why Use Task Flows?

      3. How Can You Construct a Task Flow?

      4. Apply Task Flows to the Prototype Step

      5. Task Flows Make Prototyping Easier

      6. Let’s Do It!

    4. Wireframes

      1. What Is a Wireframe?

      2. Low-Fidelity Wireframes

      3. Mid-Fidelity Wireframes

      4. High-Fidelity Wireframes

      5. High Fidelity Represents the Final Product

      6. Let’s Do It!

      7. When to Use Which Fidelity

      8. Let’s Do It!

    5. After You Prototype, You Test

  15. Chapter 6

  16. Testing Your Designs

    1. Where Are You in the Design Thinking Process?

    2. Testing

      1. What Is Usability?

      2. What Are the Elements of Usability?

      3. How Do You Evaluate Usability?

    3. Usability Testing—Plan and Define

      1. What Is Usability Testing?

      2. Creating a Test Plan

      3. Defining the Test Metrics

      4. Tracking Common Metrics

      5. Starting with Your Goals

      6. Let’s Do It!

    4. Usability Testing: Recruit and Conduct

      1. How Many Users Should You Test With?

      2. Where to Find Users

      3. Preparing Your Script

      4. Framing the Session

      5. Usability Testing Makes Things Better

      6. Let’s Do It!

    5. Usability Testing: Analyze Results

      1. Scoring Scales

      2. Stoplight Chart

      3. Pull Quotes

      4. Analyze and Summarize Your Results

      5. Let’s Do It!

    6. Usability Testing: Presenting Findings

      1. Why Should You Share Your Results?

      2. How Can You Share Testing Results?

      3. Presentation

      4. Share Your Test Results

    7. After You Test, You Implement

  17. Chapter 7

  18. Implementing Your Designs

    1. Where Are You in the Design Thinking Process?

    2. Implement

    3. User Stories

      1. What Is a User Story?

      2. How Do You Create User Stories?

      3. How Do You Prioritize User Stories?

      4. User Stories Give Implementation Structure

      5. Let’s Do It!

    4. Flow Charts

      1. What Is a Flow Chart?

      2. What Is a Task Flow?

      3. What Is a User Flow?

      4. What Is a Wireflow?

      5. Which Flow Chart Should You Use?

      6. Flow Charts Facilitate Implementation

      7. Let’s Do It!

    5. Style Guides

      1. What Is a Style Guide?

      2. What Goes into a Style Guide?

      3. Style Guides Portray Your Brand

      4. Let’s Do It!

      5. Practice It!

    6. Design Systems

      1. Designing for Consistency and Scalability

      2. What Is Atomic Design?

      3. How Can You Make a Design System?

      4. What Systems Can You Look at Today?

      5. Design Systems Improve Implementation

      6. Let’s Do It!

    7. Delivering Designs

      1. Delivering Your Designs

      2. How Should You Structure Your Content?

      3. How Should You Organize Your Screens?

      4. Provide Specifications and Context

      5. Let’s Do It!

    8. The End of the Process?

  19. Chapter 8

  20. What’s Next?

    1. Writing a Case Study

      1. What Is a Case Study?

      2. Show Your Process

      3. Tell a Story

      4. Design for Non-Readers

      5. Communicate Through Images

      6. Demonstrate Expertise with Case Studies

    2. Creating Your Portfolio

      1. Highly Visual, Emphasis on the Work

      2. A Bare-Bones, Personal Digital Presence

      3. A Customized, Curated Experience

      4. Going All Out

      5. But I Don’t Want to Make a Website

      6. Where Should I Put My Portfolio?

    3. Giving Feedback

      1. How Do You Provide Feedback to a Designer?

      2. What Is a Critique?

      3. Ask Clarifying Questions

      4. Provide Context, Not Just Opinion

      5. Offer Exploratory Questions

      6. Talk About the Good

      7. Putting It All Together

    4. Receiving Feedback

      1. How Do You Receive Feedback as a Designer?

      2. Describe the Situation

      3. Set Expectations

      4. Ask Clarifying Questions

      5. Summarize

      6. Don’t Take It Personally—It Doesn’t Have to Be Scary

    5. Working with Other Disciplines

      1. Working with Engineering

      2. Working with Product

      3. Working with Leadership

      4. Working with Others

    6. Choosing a Role in the Industry

      1. Product Designer—Do It All

      2. UX Designer—Focus on the Structure

      3. Visual or UI Designer—Make It Look Good

      4. UX Researcher—Become an Expert on Your Users

      5. UX Writer—Craft the Perfect Copy

      6. Design Systems Designer—Unify and Scale Your Product

      7. Motion Designer—Create Stunning Animations

      8. Grow Your Career in Design

    7. Where Do You Go from Here?

  21. Appendix: What Good Looks Like

  22. Index

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