INDEX
Please note that index links point to page beginnings from the print edition. Locations are approximate in e-readers, and you may need to page down one or more times after clicking a link to get to the indexed material.
ABIM Foundation, 62
ABJ health company, 127, 140, 196–199, 223
AbsoluteCARE, 212–213
Access to information, 155–157
AcelRx Pharmaceuticals, 101
Acute care treatment and infrastructure, 29, 60–61
Advantage Dental, 240
AdventHealth (AH), 238–239
Advertising, medical, 34–35
Advocate Health Care, 51–54, 222
Advocate-Aurora merger, 127
Affordability of healthcare, 74–79 (See also Healthcare Affordability Index)
Affordable Care Act (ACA; Obamacare), 7, 251, 252
Airbnb, 230
Al Qaeda in Iraq (AQI), 153, 155
Aligned Modern Health, 207
Amazon, 110
in ABJ health company, 127, 196–199, 223
and consumerism, 208
customer centrism at, 131, 132, 230
and healthcare services, 138, 207
Amazon Web Services (AWS), 151
American Hospital Association, 28
American Medical Association, 7
American Pain Society, 93–94
American Revolution, 15–17
AmerisourceBergen, 96
Amphastar, 99
Anthony, Scott, 227–228
Apple, 130–131, 138, 189–190, 207, 216–217
Asset-light health companies, 204–206
Aurora Health Care, 222
Baker, Charlie, 117
for competitive markets, 179
and Healthcare Industrial Complex, 10–11
in healthcare system, 211
in regulation, 50, 52–54, 162–163, 166–169
of supply and demand, 71
Ball, John R., 245
Barber, Linden, 96
Barry, Ti, 215
Baselga, José, 34
Becker Health IT and Revenue Cycle Conference, 19
Bell, Gordon, 149
Bell’s law, 149–151
Berkshire Hathaway, 127, 196–199, 223
Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, 223
Bezos, Jeff, 132
Big Pharma:
class-action lawsuits against, 166
and DEA enforcement powers, 95–98
and MassHealth drug costs, 55–59
and opioid crisis, 95
(See also Pharmaceutical industry)
Bind, 209–210
Biogen, 58–59
Bitcoin, 151
Blockbuster, 192
Blue Cross Blue Shield, 52, 54, 206, 236–238
Blum, Deborah, 162
Boehle, Adam, 117
Bon Secours, 223
Boxer, Richard, 266
Brand love, 128–131
Brandeis, Louis, 165
British monarchy, 219–221
Broussard, Bruce, 223
Buffett, Warren, 196
Bundled payments, 115–117
Burda, David, 171–173
Bush, George W., 7
Business models, 202–204, 260–261
emerging, 37
optimizing, 231
in Revolutionary Healthcare, 272
of revolutionary incumbents, 234–243
to solve jobs-to-be-done, 113
transformative and disruptive, 282
types of, 112
vulnerability of, 106
Canada:
hospital administrative costs in, 25
universal healthcare in, 247–251, 267
Capital investment, 59–62
Capitated payments, 116
Cardinal Health, 96
Caritsa Christi Health Care, 241
Carol Corporation, 209
Carrum Health, 266–267
Catholic Health Initiatives (CHI), 222
Centene, 223
Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS), 39–40
and chargemaster prices, 73
funding to MA plan sponsors from, 118
health-expenditure forecasts by, 87
hospital quality ratings from, 175–180
and MassHealth drug costs, 55–59
payments to MA health plans, 120–123
pricing formularies of, 22, 168
reform efforts of, 170, 173–175
ChenMed, 214
Chicago, Illinois, 51–54, 61–62
“Choosing Wisely” campaign, 62–64
Chow, Lee, 190
Christensen, Clayton, 111, 191, 193–195, 228
Cigna, 223
CityMD, 207
Class-action lawsuits, 166
Clinton, Bill, 7
Cloud computing, 148–151
Columbus, Ohio, 51
Commercial health insurance:
lucrativeness of, 24
Medicare Advantage plans, 122
payment formularies for, 28
(See also Private health insurance)
Commonwealth Fund, 109
Community Health Network of Indianapolis, 215
Competitive markets, 69–71, 127, 163, 171, 179
Complexity of formularies, 48, 49
Concierge care, 214
Conflicts of interest, 34
Consumerism, 128, 131, 173, 181, 208, 210
Consumers, 11, 248, 265–267, 282
Controlled Substances Act of 1970, 96
Convergence, 215–216
Conway, Patrick, 117
Cost accounting, 19–21
Costs of healthcare:
birth costs in Great Britain vs. in United States, 4, 5
consumers’ disconnection from, 79
drivers of, 30–31
in Florida counties, 121, 124–125
health-expenditure forecasts by CMS, 87
and household income, 79–85
knee replacement surgery, 20–21, 60
military spending compared to, 3–4
and price gouging, 39–40
and private health insurance, 86
public perception of, 252–254
and revenue cycle management vs. cost accounting, 19–20
with third-party payments, 28–29
and types of insurance coverage, 114
unaffordability of healthcare, 74–79
volume vs. value in, 277
Walmart’s efforts to reduce, 110
(See also Prices and pricing; Waste)
Crony capitalism, 91–92, 97–101, 165
Crowdfunding, 255–257
Cryptocurrencies, 151
Culki, John, 141
Customers, 11, 248, 265–267, 282
Customers-first focus, 131–133
Dafny, Leemore, 20
accessibility of quality data, 176
electronic health records, 138–143
in healthcare success hierarchy, 146–147
in knowledge exchange and value creation, 158–159
knowledge stocks and flows, 144–147
liberated, 107, 137, 183–184, 230, 281
and organizational architecture, 153–158
and turbocharged technologies, 147–152
Data silos, 159
Davis, Angela, 38
DaVita Healthcare, 204
DaVita Medical Group (DMG), 222
Dean Clinic, 205
DeAngelo, James Joseph, 136
Debt, 6–8
Declaration of Independence, 8, 13, 103, 104, 279
Deductibles, consumption of care and, 71
Definity Health, 208
Delivery of care, 9
complexity of, 232
costs of health insurance and, 85
data-enhanced, 137
market forces reshaping, 52–53
in Revolutionary Healthcare, 273
role of money and profits in, 30–35
Demand-driven change, 113, 133, 281
Demand-driven purchasing model, 126
DentaQuest, 239–241
DePage Medical Group (DMG), 205–206
Department of Agriculture, 161–162
Dignity Health, 222
Dillon, Karen, 194–195
Disruptive innovation, 124, 125, 191–194
Dodd-Frank Act, 168
Dogwood Foundation, 244–245
Douglas, Tommy, 247–251, 257, 267
Drug Enforcement Act, 96–98
Drug Enforcement Agency (DEA), 95–98
Dsuvia, 101
Dual transformation, 226–230
Duncan, David, 194–195
Eisenhower, Dwight D.:
on balance, 167
on military industrial complex, 1–3, 43, 277
on public spending/public debt, 6–7
on scientific-technological elite, 5–6
worldview of, 10
Electronic health records (EHRs), 138–143, 174
Elizabeth II, Queen of England, 219–221
Emancipation Proclamation, 275–276
Emanuel, Ezekiel, 74
Employer-sponsored healthcare coverage, 26, 74, 266
Empowered customers (buyers), 109–133, 183–184, 281
and brand love, 128–131
change from revenue boosting to value creation for, 126–128
as force multiplier, 107
full-risk contracting for, 113–118, 123–126
and Medicare Advantage plans, 118–123
meeting jobs-to-be-done for, 111–113
by putting customers first, 131–133
Engagement of consumers, 273
Epic Systems Corp., 137, 140, 143
Epidemics:
of chronic diseases and obesity, 88
opioid addiction, 91–101
social, 264–265
Experience ratings, 121
Fairview Health Services, 230, 235–236
Fairview Health System, 137
Falkner, Judy, 143
Federal Trade Commission (FTC), 51–54
Fee-for-service (FFS) payments, 22, 30
baseline variation in rates, 121–122
full-risk contracting vs., 116
under Medicare, 269
nature of, 37
and overconsumption of health services, 27
quality, outcomes, and value with, 112
received by large health systems, 114–115
supply-driven demand in, 164
traditional Medicare vs. Medicare Advantage plans, 118–120
waste related to, 43
Fields, Clive, 215
Flaws in the System, 19–38
and healthcare prices, 20–25
and hospital mortality, 25–26
Medicare, 27–30
and need for revolution, 37–38
price controls, 26
related to money and profits, 30–35
tax policy, 27
transactions without customers, 35–37
Florida Blue, 236–238
Flower, Joe, 31
FMI Corporation, 60
Focused factories, 204
Fogg, Rebecca, 228
Food and Drug Administration (FDA), 58, 92, 101, 162
Force multipliers, 106–107, 149, 183–184 (See also individual multipliers)
Free-market enterprise, 70
French, Gordon, 189
Frew, Jill, 152
Frias, Lorraine, 152
Full-risk contracting, 107
fee-for-service payments vs., 116
as force multiplier, 183–184, 281
revenues in, 127
and transformative innovation, 113–118, 123–126
Gartner, 124
Gawande, Atul, 140, 141, 196, 198
GEDmatch, 135
General Motors (GM), 117
Genetic genealogy, 135–136
Geraghty, Pat, 236–238
Gettysburg Address, 276, 278–279
Gibson, William, 126
Gilbert, Clark, 227–228
Gladwell, Malcolm, 264
Glass-Steagall Act, 167–168
GlaxoSmithKline (GSK), 35
Glickman, Aaron, 74
Goodman, Larry, 61
Goodrich, Kate, 176–177
Gottlieb, Scott, 101
Government (regulatory) capture, 49, 50, 54–59, 98, 165, 169
GreatCall, 207–208
Gross domestic product (GDP), 4, 40–41
Gross national product (GNP), 87–88
Group Health, 204
GuideWell Mutual Holding Company, 236–238, 262
Gundersen Health System, 20–21
Hall, Taddy, 194–195
Hayek, Friedrich, 69–70
HCA Healthcare, 244–245
Health, emphasis on, 273
Health and Human Services (HHS), 170–175
Health insurance:
and affordability of healthcare, 74–79 (See also Healthcare Affordability Index)
categories of, 114
consumers as customers of, 265–267
corporate tax deduction for, 168
customized products for, 208–210
employee-paid premiums for, 83–84
employer-sponsored coverage, 26, 27
funding of, 248
Individual Mandate for, 168
and median household income, 79–85, 109
in Revolutionary Healthcare, 262–267
tax policy for benefits, 27
(See also Medicaid; Medicare)
Health insurers:
advertising by, 35
full-risk contracting by, 113–118
lucrativeness of commercial vs. public claims for, 24
negotiation between health systems and, 24–25
regulation of, 52
as third-party administrators, 28
(See also specific insurers)
Health systems:
advertising by, 35
data libraries of, 137
negotiation between health insurers and, 24–25
overconsumption in, 27
team of teams model for, 155–158
trust-based relationships in, 157
(See also individual health systems)
Healthcare Affordability Index, 74
from 1999 to 2018, 75–76
for connection between expenditures and costs of insurance, 78
and life expectancy, 85–86
state-specific, 79–85
Healthcare Industrial Complex (the System), 1–13
as Big Brother, 190–191
crony capitalism in, 97–101
and DEA enforcement curtailment, 95–97
deficiencies of, 8–9, 16–17, 277–280
Eisenhower’s threat analyses applied to, 1–7
features of military industrial complex in, 43–44
fundamental flaws in (see Flaws in the System)
and healthcare-related debt, 7–8
lack of balance in, 10–11
need to declare independence from, 103–104
and opioid crisis, 91
Revolutionary Healthcare vs., 9–13
Healthcare industry trends, 225–226
Healthcare Information and Management Systems Society (HIMSS), 145
Healthcare “iron triangle,” 43–45, 100
HealthCare Partners, 205
Healthcare Revolution, 11–13, 103, 104 (See also Revolutionary Healthcare)
Healthcare success hierarchy, 146–147
Healthcare-related debt, 7–8
HealthGrades, 177
HealthPartners, 205
Henry Ford Health System, 117
Herfindahl-Hirschman Index (HHI), 53
Herzlinger, Regina, 266
High-cost enrollees, 123
Holland Community Hospital, 179
Hospira, 99
Hospital Consumer Assessment of Healthcare Providers and Systems (HCAHPS) scores, 179–180
Hospitals:
accreditation of, 148
administrative budgets at, 25
Blue Cross administration of, 28
incentive for cost reduction by, 36
list prices of services from, 72–73
mortality in, 25–26
quality ratings for, 175–180
shared savings agreements of, 114
site-neutral rules for, 173–174
(See also individual hospitals)
Household incomes:
and insurance premiums, 79–85, 109
in the United States, 74, 76–77
Hype cycle, 124
Incumbents:
big retailers’ threat to, 111
blind spot for, 36
“indumbent” thinking by, 36–37, 224–226
“innovator’s dilemma” for, 192, 193
revenue-first approach of, 24
revolutionary (see Revolutionary incumbents)
in Revolutionary Healthcare, 273
Indumbent thinking, 36–37, 224–226
Infrastructure, overbuilt/underused, 29, 59–62
Innovation, 282
capacity for, 11
market-driven, 164
in Revolutionary Healthcare, 272
rewarding, 169
transformative, 123–126
“Innovator’s dilemma,” 192, 193, 228, 229
INSYS Therapeutics, 94
Intentions:
economic incentives vs., 36
in reform efforts, 62–65
Intermountain Healthcare, 242–243
Iora, 214
Iron triangle, 277
of military industrial complex, 3
Jacobs, Mike, 152
Jobs-to-be-done, 260
in enhanced primary care, 211–216
fulfilling, 111–113
in Revolutionary Healthcare, 272–273, 280
and revolutionary upstarts, 194–198
theory of, 111
Walmart’s understanding of, 109–113
Johnson, Lyndon B., 7, 28, 267, 268, 276, 279
Johnson, Mark, 227–228
Joint Commission (JC), 148
JPMorgan Chase, 127, 196–199, 223
Justice, 282–283
Kaiser Family Foundation, 74, 142
Kaiser Health News, 39, 141, 142
Kaiser Permanente, 205
Kasper, Mike, 205
Kerr, Eve, 64
Kindred Healthcare, 222–223
King, Martin Luther, Jr., 259
Knowledge exchange, 144, 158–159
Knowledge stocks and flows, 144–147, 158
Kronick, Richard, 121
Kurdi, Aylan, 89
Lahey Health, 223
Laney, Scott, 84
The Leapfrog Group, 177
Lee, Tom X., 214
Liberated data, 137, 159, 183–184, 230, 281
Life expectancies, 85–86
Lincoln, Abraham, 275–276, 278–279
Lofton, Kevin, 222
Low-value treatments, 62–64
Lumeris, 210
Lynch, Loretta, 97
Market signals, 36, 68–69, 112
Market socialism, 70–71
Marketing:
and brand love, 129–131
of opioids, 93–95
Market-level interactions, 67–90
absurd prices, 71–73
consequences of high-cost private health insurance, 86
economic drag of healthcare costs, 86–89
and life expectancies, 85–86
market signals, 68–69
pricing dynamics, 69–71
in Revolutionary Healthcare, 10
state-specific Healthcare Affordability Index, 79–85
unaffordability of healthcare, 74–79
Market-medicine interactions, 44–47
Markets:
competitive, 69–71, 127, 163, 171, 179
constant refinement of, 168
and indumbent thinking, 225
information flow in, 69
for primary care, 202–204
pro-market regulation, 163–166, 168–175
in Revolutionary Healthcare, 272
segmentation of, 199–200
supply and demand in, 126–127
Martin, Alex, 255–256
Martin, Hedda, 255–257
Massachusetts General Hospital (MGH), 25, 27, 29, 179
Massachusetts Medicaid (MassHealth), 55–59, 117
McCaskill, Claire, 98
McChrystal, Stanley, 153–157, 159
McDonald, Rory, 193
McDonald’s, 194–195
McKesson, 96
Medicaid:
dental care under, 239–241
expansion of, 252
resistance to legislation for, 27–28
unproven/marginally effective drugs under, 59
Medical advertising, 34–35
Medical billing system, 23–24
Medical loss ratio, 29
Medical Properties Trust (MPT), 241
Medicare:
choosing among options for, 262–265 (See also Medicare Advantage [MA])
high-cost enrollees in, 123
market distortion caused by, 27–30
payment formularies for, 22, 23, 57, 276
payment splits with, 33–35
service prices under, 173–174
Medicare Advantage (MA), 118–123
Bush’s modernization of, 7
as capitated payment system, 116
as change agent, 265
choosing among options for, 262–265
compared to traditional Medicare payments, 118–120
core competencies for, 120
enrollment in, 125
formularies of, 57
full-risk contracts with, 116
high-cost enrollees in, 123
structural flaws in, 120–123
“Medicare for All” health system, 7–8 (See also Universal healthcare)
Mercy, 223
Mergers/acquisitions, 221–223
Military industrial complex, 1–4, 43
Military spending, 3–4
Mission, focus on, 243–245
Monforton, Celeste, 84–85
Monopoly pricing, 48, 50, 51, 72, 165
Monopsony pricing, 48, 50–52, 165
Moore, CeCe, 135
Moore, Geoffrey, 123–124
Moore, Gordon, 149
Moore, Mike, 166
Moral hazard, 27
Moreno, Elizabeth, 40
Mortality/deaths:
hospital, 25–26
from medical errors, 142
from opioid overdosing, 91, 93, 95, 166
Mt. Carmel Health, 51
Mylan Pharmaceuticals, 99
Naloxone, 98–99
National Institutes of Health (NIH) funding, 6
New York Presbyterian Hospital, 179
Nickels, Tom, 174
Niebuhr, Reinhold, 10
Nielsen, Jakob, 149
Nixon, Richard M., 7
Non-value-added practices, 42, 43
NorthShore University Hospital, 51–54
Oak Street Health, 213–214
Ocasio-Cortez, Alexandria, 255, 256
Ohio Health, 51
Ohio State University Health System, 51
One Medical, 214
Operations management, 153–158
Big Pharma’s curtailing of DEA enforcement powers, 95–98
and crony capitalism, 91–92, 97–101
marketing and prescription of opioids, 93–95
overdosing death toll, 91, 93, 95, 166
Organizational architecture, 153–158
Orwell, George, 190
Oscar Health, 210
OxyContin, 94
Pain management, 93–94
Park, Ed, 120
Park, Todd, 120
Partners HealthCare, 140
Patients (term), 11
Paulus, Ron, 244–245
Payments, 260–261
accreditation needed for, 148
bundled, 115–117
capitated, 116
from CMS to MA health plans, 120–123
fee-for-service (see Fee-for-service [FFS] payments)
formularies for, 22, 23, 28, 36, 48–50
mixed mechanics of, 71
outcome-based, 169
site-neutral, 173–174
status quo–busting mechanisms for, 107
third-party, 28–29
value-based (see Value-based payments)
Pfizer, 35
Pharmaceutical industry:
blockchain technology use in, 151
class-action lawsuits against, 166
direct-to-consumer advertising by, 34–35
and opioid crisis, 91–92, 94, 95
pharmacy benefit managers, 55–58, 92
(See also Big Pharma)
Pharmacy benefit managers (PBMs), 55–58, 92
Physicians:
burnout of, 143
conflicts of interest for, 34
time spent on care vs. documentation by, 24
Platform companies, 230–234
Platform-as-a-Service (PaaS) technology, 148
Pollock, Steve, 240
Price Transparency & Physician Quality Report Card, 174
Prices and pricing:
absurd, 71–73
accessible information on, 184
cash prices, 36
in consumer decision making, 69
dynamics of pricing, 69–71
to enhance competition, 168
irrational, 20–21
lack of transparency in, 29
mechanics of pricing, 22–23
Medicare’s rise in, 28
monopoly pricing, 48, 50, 51, 72, 165
monopsony pricing, 48, 50–52, 165
price controls, 26
price gouging, 39–40
why prices don’t matter, 23–25
(See also Costs of healthcare; Payments)
Primaria Health, 215
Primary care:
enhanced services for, 201–204, 211–216
physician compensation for, 32, 33
Prince, 92
Private health insurance:
Americans covered by, 74
consequences of, 86
cost of, 77
in US total health expenditure, 114
(See also Commercial health insurance)
Pro-business regulation, 163–166
Profits:
flaws related to, 30–35
waste counted as, 43
Pro-market regulation, 163–166, 168–175, 184
Public insurance, 114 (See also Medicaid; Medicare)
Public spending/public debt, 6–7, 86
Purchasers of healthcare, 113–114
Pykosz, Mike, 214
Quality ratings for hospitals, 175–180
Quazi, Jullia, 44
Quazi, Kairan, 44
Quest Diagnostics, 152
Qventus, 236
Rathgaber, Scott, 21
Raynor, Michael, 193
RedBrick Health, 208–209
Reform efforts:
and balance among competing interests, 10
in Canada, 249–251
failure of, 43
incremental, 47–48
intentions in, 62–65
market-based/market-driven, 223, 282–283
by past presidents, 7
status quo fortified in, 38
in the United States, 251–252
Reform intentions, 62–65
Regulation, 107, 161–181, 261, 281
and competitive markets, 180–181
of food safety, 161–162
and HHS leadership, 170–175
HHS policy for, 171–173
of opioids, 91
primary goals for, 168
pro-business, 163–166
and quality ratings for hospitals, 175–180
Reinhardt, Ewe, 22
Retail healthcare services, 207–208
Revenue cycle approach, 19–20
change to value-creation focus from, 126–128
prices, costs, value, and waste in, 24, 90
with third-party payments, 29
Revenue optimization, 48, 72–73, 234
Revolution (term), 12
Revolutionaries (term), 12
Revolutionary Healthcare, 9–13, 281–280
and American exceptionalism, 185–187
call for, 37–38
components of, 272–273
forms of, 201 (See also individual forms)
jobs-to-be-done in, 280
justice and value in, 282–283
market-medicine interactions in, 45, 47
moral imperative for, 277–283
new math for, 126–128
Revolutionary incumbents, 219–245
competitive analysis for, 224–226
December, 2017 mergers/acquisitions, 221–223
dual transformation for, 226–230
examples of, 234–243
focus on mission by, 243–245
megamergers in 2018, 223
operating platforms for, 230–234
Revolutionary manifesto, 258–261
Revolutionary upstarts, 189–217
ABJ, 196–199
asset-light health companies, 204–206
categories of, 201
customized health insurance products, 208–210
disruptive innovation, 191–194
enhanced primary care services, 201–204, 211–216
focused factories, 204
jobs-to-be-done, 194–198, 211–216
and market segmentation, 199–200
retail healthcare services, 207–208
Richman, Barak, 266
Risk adjustment, 121
Robinson-Stone, Leslie, 266–267
Roemer’s law, 28
Rogers, Curtis, 135
Rolfing, Kyle, 208–209
Romer, Paul, 158
Roosevelt, Theodore, 7, 162–163
Rosenthal, Elizabeth, 23–24
Rush University Medical Center, 61, 62
Safavi, Kaveh, 148
Sanger-Katz, Margot, 254
Sarepta Therapeutics, 58–59
Schlesinger, Arthur, Jr., 10
Scientific-technological elite, 5–6
Scott, Ridley, 190
SelectHealth Share, 243
Sen, Abir, 208–209
Shared accountability insurance, 243
Shared savings agreements, 114
Shaw, Terry, 238–239
Sheehy, Bob, 209
Simplee, 239
Sinek, Simon, 129–131
Skogsbergh, Jim, 222
Specialty care:
by focused factories, 204
Medicare payments for, 33–34
physician compensation for, 32, 33
Walmart’s contracting for, 110
Spectrum Health Heart & Lung Specialized Care Clinics, 255
Stalin, Joseph, 89
STAR rating systems, 175–180
States:
life expectancies in, 85–86
regulation by, 171–172
scores for healthcare affordability by, 79–85
Status Quo Healthcare, 45–47, 64–65 (See also Healthcare Industrial Complex)
Steward Health Care, 241–242
Stockdale, James, 243
Strategic partnerships, 232–233
Sukhum, Pat, 208–209
Supply-driven demand, 28–29, 164, 269
Sustaining innovation, 191, 193
Syms, Sy, 265
“The System” (see Healthcare Industrial Complex)
Target, 232
Team of teams model, 155–158, 184
and cost of care delivery, 141
for data management, 147–152
digital, 145
electronic health records, 138–143
transformative, 124
Teilhard de Chardin, Pierre, 215
Third-party payments, 28–29
Transformative innovation, 123–126
Transitional care services, 89, 90
Transparency, 165, 168, 174–175, 184, 281
Trinity Health, 51
21st Century Cures Act, 58
United States:
American exceptionalism, 185–187
and global economy, 87–88
Great Seal of, 271–272
health status in, 76
healthcare and military spending in, 3–4
household incomes in, 74, 76–77
life expectancies in, 85–86
as pluralistic democracy, 251, 282
primary spending deficit and debt in, 86–87
state scores for healthcare affordability in, 79–85
(See also US healthcare system)
UnitedHealth, 51
UnitedHealthcare, 122
Universal healthcare, 247, 260
in Mexico, 251
moral imperative for, 277–283
Truman’s call for, 7
in the United States, 262–267
University of Minnesota Medical School, 236
Unnecessary treatments, 28–29
Upstart companies (see Revolutionary upstarts)
Urgent care, 203
US Constitution, 283
US healthcare system, 251–257
achieving universal coverage in, 262–267
broken condition of (see Healthcare Industrial Complex [the System])
challenges of globalizing economy for, 88
hospital administrative costs in, 25
as largest and fastest-growing economic sector, 26
Medicare and Medicaid creation in, 267–269
moral imperative for, 275–283
overspending on, 30–31
public perception of, 247, 252, 253
reform efforts for, 251–252
revolutionary manifesto for, 258–261
serious pathologies of, 48, 187
and societal health, 61–62
structural flaws in, 45–47
unsung heroes of, 9
(See also specific topics, e.g.: Reform efforts)
Valdivia, Tom, 209
Value creation, 173
by Amazon, 132
change from revenue cycle to, 126–128
in competitive markets, 126–128
knowledge exchange for, 158–159
Value-based payments, 64
in efficient markets, 35
received by large health systems, 114–115
Value-based purchasing decisions, 68–69, 110
VillageMD, 215
Visionaries, 124
Vox Media, 71
Waldeck, Andrew, 228
Walmart, 109–110, 112–113, 131, 151, 207, 208
Waste, 39–65
categories of, 42
dollar amount of, 41–43
economic motivations driving, 47–50
from government capture, 49, 50, 54–59
and healthcare “iron triangle,” 43–45
and healthcare percentage of GDP, 40–41
and market-medicine interactions, 44–47
from monopoly pricing, 51
from monopsony pricing, 51–52
from overbuilt/underused infrastructure, 59–62
and price gouging, 39–40
and reform intentions, 62–65
from unbalanced regulation, 52–54
Webjet, 151
WellCare, 223
West Side United, 62
Wiley, Harvey Washington, 161–162
Witter, Sarah, 39
World War I, 105–107
Wozniak, Steve, 189
Yelp hospital ratings, 179–180
Zimmerli, Bert, 243
Zingales, Luigi, 164–166