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Previous Chapter

Contents at a Glance

Acknowledgments

Table of Contents

Introduction

This Book’s Scope

What’s New in the Fifth Edition

The Intended Audience

The Book’s Approach

Source Code Used in This Book

1 Introduction to Object-Oriented Concepts

The Fundamental Concepts

Objects and Legacy Systems

Procedural Versus OO Programming

Moving from Procedural to Object-Oriented Development

Procedural Programming

What Exactly Is an Object?

Object Behaviors

What Exactly Is a Class?

Creating Objects

Using Class Diagrams as a Visual Tool

Encapsulation and Data Hiding

Implementations

A Real-World Example of the Interface/Implementation Paradigm

A Model of the Interface/Implementation Paradigm

Superclasses and Subclasses

Is-a Relationships

Has-a Relationships

2 How to Think in Terms of Objects

Knowing the Difference Between the Interface and the Implementation

The Implementation

An Interface/Implementation Example

Using Abstract Thinking When Designing Interfaces

Providing the Absolute Minimal User Interface Possible

Determining the Users

Object Behavior

Environmental Constraints

Identifying the Public Interfaces

Identifying the Implementation

3 More Object-Oriented Concepts

When Is a Constructor Called?

What’s Inside a Constructor?

The Default Constructor

Using Multiple Constructors

The Design of Constructors

Ignoring the Problem

Checking for Problems and Aborting the Application

Checking for Problems and Attempting to Recover

Throwing an Exception

The Importance of Scope

Local Attributes

Object Attributes

Class Attributes

Operator Overloading

Multiple Inheritance

Object Operations

4 The Anatomy of a Class

The Name of the Class

Public Interface Methods

Private Implementation Methods

5 Class Design Guidelines

Modeling Real-World Systems

Identifying the Public Interfaces

The Minimum Public Interface

Hiding the Implementation

Designing Robust Constructors (and Perhaps Destructors)

Designing Error Handling into a Class

Documenting a Class and Using Comments

Building Objects with the Intent to Cooperate

Designing with Reuse in Mind

Designing with Extensibility in Mind

Making Names Descriptive

Abstracting Out Nonportable Code

Providing a Way to Copy and Compare Objects

Keeping the Scope as Small as Possible

Designing with Maintainability in Mind

Using Iteration in the Development Process

Testing the Interface

Using Object Persistence

Serializing and Marshaling Objects

6 Designing with Objects

Design Guidelines

Performing the Proper Analysis

Developing a Statement of Work

Gathering the Requirements

Developing a System Prototype

Identifying the Classes

Determining the Responsibilities of Each Class

Determining How the Classes Collaborate with Each Other

Creating a Class Model to Describe the System

Prototyping the User Interface in Code

Object Wrappers

Structured Code

Wrapping Structured Code

Wrapping Nonportable Code

Wrapping Existing Classes

7 Mastering Inheritance and Composition

Reusing Objects

Generalization and Specialization

Design Decisions

Representing Composition with UML

Why Encapsulation Is Fundamental to OO

How Inheritance Weakens Encapsulation

A Detailed Example of Polymorphism

Object Responsibility

Abstract Classes, Virtual Methods, and Protocols

8 Frameworks and Reuse: Designing with Interfaces and Abstract Classes

Code: To Reuse or Not to Reuse?

What Is a Framework?

What Is a Contract?

Abstract Classes

Tying It All Together

The Compiler Proof

Making a Contract

System Plug-in Points

An E-Business Example

An E-Business Problem

The Non-Reuse Approach

An E-Business Solution

The UML Object Model

9 Building Objects and Object-Oriented Design

Composition Relationships

Building in Phases

Types of Composition

Using Associations and Aggregations Together

Avoiding Dependencies

Multiple Object Associations

Optional Associations

Tying It All Together: An Example

10 Design Patterns

Why Design Patterns?

Smalltalk’s Model/View/Controller

Types of Design Patterns

Creational Patterns

Structural Patterns

Behavioral Patterns

11 Avoiding Dependencies and Highly Coupled Classes

Composition versus Inheritance and Dependency Injection

Dependency Injection

12 The SOLID Principles of Object-Oriented Design

The SOLID Principles of Object-Oriented Design

1) SRP: Single Responsibility Principle

2) OCP: Open/Close Principle

3) LSP: Liskov Substitution Principle

4) IPS: Interface Segregation Principle

5) DIP: Dependency Inversion Principle

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