The index that appeared in the print version of this title was intentionally removed from the eBook. Please use the search function on your eReading device to search for terms of interest. For your reference, the terms that appear in the print index are listed below.
3Com
50/5 Rule
“50-Year Seduction, The” (Dunnavant)
60/40 rule
100/15 Rule
“47,000 heroes”
A
Aadil, Naseem
Aaron, Tommie
Abbott, Mark
ABC
collegiate athletics
competitive balance and revenue sharing
emerging and niche leagues
NFL programming
NHL programming
Abrahamian, Ara
Abramovich, Roman
Academic Enhancement Fund
academic integrity
Academic Performance Program (APP)
academic performance, collegiate athletics and
Academic Progress Rate
academic qualifications, collegiate
athletics and
academic reform
academics
alumni giving and
college athletes
collegiate athletics and
collegiate athletics success and
Title IX and
university presidents and
accommodation, Title IX and
accounting
Ackerman, Val
AC Milan
action sports
Action Sports Network
Adair, Aaron
Adebayor, Emmanuel
Adidas
admissions, collegiate athletics and
advanced degrees, collegiate athletics and
advertising
athletic departments
economic downturn and
European sports ratings and
facility financing through
fan blogs
nontraditional
Super Bowl
XFL
“Advice for the Next Jeremy Bloom: An Elite Athlete’s Guide to NCAA Amateurism Regulations” (Callanan)
AEG
AEG Live project
African Americans. See race
agents
age-related issues, in women’s basketball
AIBA Executive Committee Bureau
AIG
Air Force Academy
airlines, broadcast licensing for
Ak Bars Kazan
Akmetov, Rinat, sports interests of
Alaskan Natives. See race
Albany Firebirds
Albany River Rats
Alderson, Sandy
Alexander, D. L.
All American Football League
Allen, Paul
Alli (Alliance of Action Sports)
All-NBA teams
All-Rookie Team (NBA)
Alou, Felipe
Alston, Walter
alternative league structure model
alternative ownership models
“NFL vs. Sherman Act: How the NFL’s Ban on Public Ownership Violates Federal Antitrust Laws”
Piece of the Rock (Or the Rockets), A
alternative player transfer methods
Altitude Sports and Entertainment Network (ASE)
alumni
alumni giving
Amateur Athletic Club of England
amateurism
college athletes, compensation for
collegiate athletics, costs and financing of
collegiate athletics, higher education and
collegiate athletics, historical transformation of
introduction
NCAA principle of
NCAA regulations
Olympics and
player compensation
Amateur Sports Act
Amato, Louis
Ambani, Mukesh
Ambrose
ambush marketing deals
America West Airlines
American Arbitration Association
American Association (baseball)
American Basketball Association (ABA)
American Basketball League (ABL)
American Council on Education (ACE)
American Express
American Football Conference (AFC)
American Football Conference Coach of the Year Award
American Football League (AFL)
American Indians. See race
American League (MLB)
Amherst College
Amon, Carol Bagley
amortization
Anaheim Angels
Disney
expansion fees
Moreno, Arte
payroll
price changes
team sale price and growth rates
Anaheim Arena
Anaheim Mighty Ducks
analytics. See sports analytics
“Analyzing the WNBA’s Mandatory Age/Education Policy from a Legal, Cultural, and Ethical Perspective” (Edelman and Harrison)
ancient Greeks
Anderson, Sparky
Angel, Juan Pablo
Anschutz, Phil
Anschutz Entertainment Group (AEG)
Anti-Corruption Programme
anti-discrimination provisions, in EU spectator racism management
Antitrust Division of the Department of Justice
antitrust exemption, for NFL/AFL merger
antitrust issues
Fraser v. Major League Soccer
MLS
NCAA
New York Rangers
NFL
regional sports networks
single-entity structure
Antonucci, Tonya
AOL Time Warner
Apostolopoulou, A.
appointment television
appreciation
limitations on
MLB franchises
See also capital gains
Aramark
arbitration. See salary arbitration
architecture, revenue and
Arena Football League (AFL)
arenas. See sports facilities
Arguello, Martin Vassallo
Arison, Mickey
Arizona Cardinals
Arizona Diamondbacks
Arlington Stadium
arms race, in collegiate athletics
Armstrong, Lance
Arrowhead Water Company
Arsenal Broadband Limited
Arsenal FC
“Arsenal FC Annual Report, 2008” (Hill-Wood)
Arsenal Soccer Schools
Ashforth, B. E.
Asian Champions League
Asian Football Confederation (AFC)
Asians. See race
Asian strategy, of Manchester United
asset appreciation
asset bubble, in valuation of pro sports teams
Associated Press (AP)
Association of Governing Boards of Universities and Colleges (AGB)
Association of Tennis Professionals (ATP)
Association of Tennis Professionals Anti-Corruption Hearing Officer
Association of Tennis Professionals Official Rulebook
Association of Tennis Professionals Tennis Anti-Corruption Program
Association of Tennis Professionals World Tour
Aston Villa
AstroArena
Astrodome
Astrodome Complex
Athens Organizing Committee (ATHOC)
Athens Stock Exchange
athlete compensation. See player compensation
athlete culture
athletes. See players
athletic administrations, gender inequalities in
athletic budgets, in college sports
athletic opportunities
Title IX and
women coaches and
athletic programs
Title IX and
women coaches and
athletic recruitment, for collegiate athletics
Athletics Contributions Questionnaire Revised Edition II
athletics directors
Athletics Reputation rule
Atlanta Beat
Atlanta Braves
AOL Time Warner
corporate ownership of
historical value
price changes
team sale price and growth rates
Atlanta Falcons
Atlanta Hawks
Atlanta Motor Speedway
Atlanta Organizing Committee (ACOG)
Atlanta Spirit LLC
Atlanta Thrashers
Atlantic Coast Conference (ACC)
Atlantic Yards
Atlantic Yards Development Company
ATP. See Association of Tennis Professionals
Attanasio, Mark
attendance
NHL
ticket pricing and
attribution problem
audience viewership, for NFL programming
Audina, Mia
Auerbach, Red
Australian Federal Government
Australian Tourist Commission (ATC)
Austrian ski team, doping by
Austrian Skiing Federation
Autry, Darnell
Autry, Gene
Autzen Stadium
Azerbaijan Field Hockey Federation (AFHF)
Azerbaijan National Olympic Committee (ANOC)
Azerbaijan women’s field hockey team, doping by
B
Baade, Robert
Baden
Baker, Dusty
Baker, Gene
Baku, Azerbaijan
balance. See competitive balance
Ball State University
Baltimore Colts
Baltimore Orioles
luxury tax
Moneyball and
price changes
team sale price and growth rates
television revenues
Baltimore Ravens
Bamzai, Sandeep
Bangalore Royal Challengers
Bank Danamon
Bank of America
Bank of America Stadium
Bank One Ballpark
bankruptcies, of pro sports teams
bankruptcy analysis
Banner 17 LLC
Bannister, Sir Roger
Barclays English Premier League
Barclays League
Barclays Premier League
bargaining. See collective bargaining
Barkley, Charles
Barr, Carol A.
Baseball Encyclopedia
base-case scenarios
Basic Agreement (MLB, 1973)
Basic Agreement (MLB, 1976)
Basketball Association of America (BAA)
Basketball Related Income (BRI)
batting average
batting skills, valuation of. See also Moneyball
Battista, James
“Battle of the Sexes” tennis match
Bayern Munich
Baylor, Don
Baylor University
Beane, Billy
bear markets, team sales related to
Bear Stearns
BEC Tero
Beckham, David
MLS and
MLS ticket sales and
Beeston, Paul
Beijing Laboratory
Beijing Olympics (2008)
Beijing Organizing Committee for the Olympic Games (BOCOG)
Belgian Football Association (URBSFA)
Belkin, Steve
Bell Canada
Beltran, Carlos
Beltre, Adrian
“Bend It for Beckham: A Look at Major League Soccer and Its Single Entity Defense to Antitrust Liability after the Designated Player Rule” (Bezbatchenko)
Benson, Cedric
Bentley, David
Berlocq, Carlos
Berlusconi, Silvio, sports interests of
Berra, Yogi
Berri, David J.
“Does One Simply Need to Score to Score?”
“Stars at the Gate: The Impact of Star Power on NBA Gate Revenues”
Bertarelli, Ernesto, sports interests of
Bertuzzi, Todd
Best, George
Betfair
BET Network
Bettman, Gary
“Beyond the Box Score: A Look at Collective Bargaining Agreements in Professional Sports and Their Effect on Competition” (Dryer)
Bezbatchenko, Tim
biased refereeing
Bidwell, Bill
Big East Conference
Big Eight Conference
“Big Six” Conferences
Big Ten Conference
Big Ten Council of Presidents
Big Ten football championship
Big Ten Network
Big Twelve Conference
Big West Conference
billionaires, sports interests of
Bird, Larry
Birmingham City
Biron, Martin
Birren, Genevieve F. E., “NFL vs. Sherman Act: How the NFL’s Ban on Public Ownership Violates Federal Antitrust Laws”
Black Coaches Association (BCA)
Blanco, C.
Blank, Arthur
Bloch, Richard
blogs, advertising on
Bloom v. National Collegiate Athletic Association
Bloom, Jeremy
Bloomberg, Michael
Bloomfield, Richard
Blue Ribbon Panel
BNZ
Board of Control for Cricket in India (BCCI)
Board of Directors (NCAA)
Board of Regents v. NCAA
Bodenheimer, George
Bodvarsson, Orn
Boise State University
Bolt, Usain
Bombay Dyeing
bonds
Bonds, Barry
Bosman, Jean-Marc
Bosman case
Boston Braves
Boston Celtics
dividends
fan ownership
Los Angeles Lakers and
public offering
stock market team
Boston Celtics LP
Boston College
Boston, Concord & Montreal Railroad Company
Boston Red Sox
60/40 rule and
globalization and
Moneyball and
payroll
price changes
public offerings and
regional sports network
team sale price and growth rates
team valuation
television revenues
Yawkey, Tom
Boucher v. Syracuse University
Bowen, W. G.
Bowl Championship Series (BCS)
commercialization and
professional sports teams and
revenues
television negotiations
boxing, refereeing bias in
Bracciali, Daniele
Brady, M. K.
Brand, Myles
branding. See sports branding
Brastow, Raymond T.
Bratschi, Peter
Bremmer, D.
Bridgeman Settlement Agreement
“Brief History of the National Collegiate Athletic Association’s Role in Regulating Intercollegiate Athletics, A” (Smith)
Briere, Daniel
broadcasting. See television
Broadcasting & Cable
broken-time payments
Brook, Stacey L.
“Does One Simply Need to Score to Score?”
“Stars at the Gate: The Impact of Star Power on NBA Gate Revenues”
Brooker, George
Brookheimer, Samuel
Brooklyn Dodgers
Brotherhood of Professional Baseball Players
Brown, Eleanor
Brown, G.
Brown, I. D.
Brown, Matthew T.
Brown County Convention & Visitors Bureau
Brown University
Brundage, Avery
Bryant, Bear
BSkyB
bubble, in valuation of pro sports teams
Bud Light
Budweiser
Buffalo Bills
Buffalo Sabres
Buffett, Warren, sports interests of
buildings. See facilities
Bundesliga
Burdekin, R. C. K.
Burden, Willie J.
Burger, J.
Bus, George W.
Busby, Matt
Busch, Augie
business model, of sports and television
“Business of College Sports and the High Cost of Winning, The” (Noll)
Business-to-Business (B-2-B)
Business-to-Consumer (B-2-C)
Butkus, Dick
Butler, J.
Butler University
Butt, Nicky
buy-and-hold strategy
Byers, Walter
Byrne, Jim
C
Cable Act (1992)
cable television. See also television
Cablevision Systems
Cairns, J.
Calgary Stampede
Callanan, Christopher A.
“Called Up to the Big Leagues” (Davis)
“Call to Action: Reconnecting College Sports and Higher Education” (Knight Foundation)
Cambridge University
Camden Yards
Canada, NHL television programming in
Canadian Broadcasting Corporation (CBC)
Canadian Currency Assistance Plan
Canadian Football League (CFL)
Canadian leagues, English football leagues and
Canadian Radio-Television and Telecommunications Commission
Canon League Divisions
Cantona, Eric
capital appreciation. See appreciation
capital gains
careers
collegiate athletics and
scholarships and
Carling Cup
Carnegie Foundation for the Advancement of Education
Carnegie Level I institutions
Carnegie Report
Carolina Panthers
Carolina Sports Entertainment Television (C-SET)
Carter, Anthony
Carter, Robert
cash flow, of Arsenal Football Club
cash flow analysis
Cass, Dick
Cass, Ronald A.
Cavelli, Gary
CBS
collegiate athletics
Knight Commission and
March Madness
NFL programming
NFL rights fees
NHLPA and
revenue sharing and competitive balance
vertical integration
CBS Sports
CCTV
Cedrone, Timothy
Centennial Games
Centerplate
centrally planned structures, mixed-mode
Cermak, Frantisek
Certificates of Participation (COPs)
certification program, for collegiate athletics
“Challenging the Myth: A Review of the Links Among College Athletic Success, Student Quality and Donations” (Frank)
Champions League (UEFA)
Champs Cola
Chandler, Albert “Happy”
Channel 4 (England)
Channel 7 (Australia)
Chappelet, Jean-Loup
chariot races
charitable contributions, tax deductions for
charity
Arsenal Football Club
collegiate athletics and
Charlotte Bobcats
Charlton, Bobby
Charlton Athletic
Charter Communications
Charter of Fundamental Rights
Chastain, Brandi
Chavez, Endy
Chavez, Eric
cheating, in college sports
Cheetham Bell
Chelsea FC
Chennai Super Kings
Chiba Lotte Marines
Chicago Bears
Chicago Blackhawks
Chicago Bulls
Chicago Cubs
price changes
regional sports networks and
team sale price and growth rates
television revenues
ticket pricing
Tribune Company and
variable ticket pricing
Chicago Fire
Chicago White Sox
price changes
team sale price and growth rates
television revenues
U.S. Cellular Field
Veeck, Bill
Chicago White Stockings
Chin, Lee
China
MLB in
NBA in
Chressanthis, George
Christiano, Kevin J.
Chronicle of Higher Education, The
Chunichi Dragons
Cincinnati Bengals
Cincinnati Red Stockings
Cincinnati Reds
“Circumstantial Factors and Institutions’ Outsourcing Decisions on Marketing Operations” (Burden and Li)
Citigroup
Citizens Bank Ballpark
Civil Rights Restoration Act
“Clarification of Intercollegiate Athletics Policy Guidance: The Three-Part Test” (OCR)
classroom performance, collegiate athletics and
Clemens, Roger
Clemson University
Cleveland Browns
Cleveland Browns Stadium
Cleveland Cavaliers, tax issues and
Cleveland Indians
discrimination issues
dividends
Jacobs, Dick
payroll
price changes
public offering
race
shareholder meetings
stock market team
tax issues
team sale price and growth rates
television revenues
variable ticket pricing
Veeck, Bill
Cleveland Indians Baseball Company
club-based private property structure
club seats
CMGI
CNN
CNN/SI
coaches
college
compensation
“Discrimination in Major League Baseball”
ethical issues
“Fritz Pollard Alliance, the Rooney Rule, and the Quest to ‘Level the Playing Field’ in the National Football League”
gender equity and
higher education and collegiate athletics
MLS
See also managers
Coalition of Presidents
Coalition on Intercollegiate Athletics
Coates, Dennis
Coca-Cola
Cochran, Johnnie L., Jr.
Cohen v. Brown University
Colangelo, Jerry
collateral coverage
collective bargaining
competition and
Fitch ratings and
MLB labor negotiations
NBA luxury tax
NHL
player compensation and
team valuation and
See also salary arbitration
collectivism. See revenue sharing
college athletes
academics and welfare of
compensation for
NCAA regulations and
rewards for
women’s rowing
See also players
college athletic conferences
college basketball fund (NCAA)
College Board’s Test-Takers Database (SAT database)
college coaches, gender equity and
College Division
college faculty
College Football Association (CFA)
College Football Officiating, LLC
College of Charleston
colleges. See collegiate athletics
collegiate athletics
costs and financing of
ethical issues facing
higher education and
historical transformation of
NBA and NFL
operating expenses
See also NCAA; NCAA member institutions; Title IX
collegiate athletics: amateurism and reform
collegiate athletics, costs and financing of
higher education
historical transformation
introduction
NCAA regulations
player compensation
collegiate athletics: history and structure
introduction
NCAA regulations
sports law cases and materials
sports management principles and practice
collegiate athletics success
student applications and
student quality and donations
Collegiate Sports, LLC
collusion, in MLB
Colonial League
Colorado Rockies
Colorado Xplosion
Columbia University
Columbus Blue Jackets
Columbus Quest
Combine. See NFL Scouting Combine
Combined Statistical Area (CSA)
Comcast Corporation
Comcast SportsNet (CSN)
Comerma, Gloria
“Coming Revenue Revolution in Sports, The” (Williams)
Comiskey, Charles
commercialism
collegiate athletics and
sports facilities and
Commission on Intercollegiate Athletics
Commission on Opportunities in Athletics
Committee on Infractions (NCAA)
common property system
communications industry
communities, professional managers and
community-based ownership
community sports, economic downturn and
compensation. See player compensation competence, in Manchester United sports brand
competition
collective bargaining agreements and
NCAA member institutions
regional sports networks and
structure of
Title IX and
competitive balance
globalization and
introduction
MLB
NFL
player drafts and
revenues and
revenue sharing and
“Thinking about Competitive Balance”
“Competitive Balance in Team Sports and the Impact of Revenue Sharing” (Kesenne)
Competitive Balance tax
competitive development, in Twenty20 cricket
competitive imbalance, natural demand for and supply of
competitive leagues
complex invasion team sports
compliance, with Title IX
computers, at stadium seats
CONCACAF
CONCACAF Champions League
concessions
facility financing through
team valuation and
Conference USA
conferences (NCAA). See also specific conferences
Congressional Budget Office (CBO)
Congressional Joint Committee on Taxation
congressional testimony
Demause, Neil
Humphreys, Brad R.
Conlin, Mike
Conroy, William T., “Impact of the Flat World on Player Transfers in Major League Baseball, The”
consensus building
consistency, in player performance
Constitutional Compliance Committee
Constitutional Treaty (2004)
construction risks
consumer demand, for NBA
Consumer Price Index for all Urban Employees (CPI-U)
consumers, regional sports networks and. See also fans
consumption value
Continental Basketball Association (CBA)
Continental League
Contingent Valuation Method (CVM)
contractually obligated revenues (COR)
Cook, Philip
Cooney, Gerry
Cooper, Cynthia
Coors
Coors Field
Cope Libertadores
Copeland, Jack
corporate ownership, NFL ban on
corporate spending
corporations
financial disclosure and
ownership by
sports facility naming rights and
third-generation league owners
See also public offerings; public ownership
corruption
cost of capital, in collegiate athletics
Costas, Bob
costs/expenses
collegiate athletics
FBS (2006)
menu costs
NCAA member institutions
Olympics
professional sports teams
public offerings and
teams
See also losses
Coughlin, C.
“Could the New Women’s Soccer League Survive in America?” (Edelman and Masterson)
Coulson, N. Edward, “Tax Revisions of 2004 and Pro Sports Team Ownership”
country-of-origin advantages
court advertising
Court of Arbitration for Sport (CAS)
Court of Arbitration for Sport Ad Hoc Division
Cousy, Bob
Cox
credit ratings, team valuation and
cricket
“Cricket in India: Moving into a League of Its Own” (India Knowledge@Wharton)
Cristobal, Mario
critical success factors, in Twenty20 cricket competition
Croom, Sylvester
Cross, Michael
Crowe, Martin
Crowley, Joseph
CSM Media Research
CSN Bay Area
CSN Chicago
CSN Mid-Atlantic
Cuban, Mark
cultural issues, in women’s basketball
cultural values, sports law and
culture, of college athletes
culture of sport
Cunningham, Michael
Curt Flood Act
customer relations, of Manchester United
CW
D
Daley, Richard
Dallas Cowboys
Monday Night Football
revenue sharing and
Thanksgiving Day games
ticket prices
Dallas Cowboys cheerleaders
Dallas Mavericks
Dallas Stars
Daly, Bill
Danielson, Michael
Dark, Alvin
Darling Harbour Authority (DHA)
Davidson, Gary
“David” strategy
Davis, Al
Davis, Michael
Davydenko, Nikolay
DC United
debt
debt limits, European sports ratings and
debt policies, in leagues
debt-service account (DSA)
debt-service coverage
Deccan Chronicle
decision making, ethical
Deficit Reduction Act (1984)
deflationary salary mechanisms: NBA luxury tax model
demand
attendance
balance and imbalance
NBA
new leagues and
Demause, Neil, congressional testimony from
Dempsey, Cedric
Dentsu
Denver Metropolitan Major League Baseball Stadium District
DePaul University
depreciation
Derby County
Designated Player Rule, in MLS
destination viewing
“Determinants of Franchise Values in North American Professional Sports Leagues: Evidence from a Hedonic Price Model” (Humphreys and Mondello)
Detroit Lions
Detroit Pistons
Detroit Red Wings
Detroit Tigers
DeVito, Basil, Jr.
DeVos, Rich, sports interests of
Dewey & LeBoeuf
Dey, Matthew S.
Dhoni, Mahendra Singh
differential racism
digital television
digital video recorders
Di Mauro, Alessio
Direct Broadcast Satellite (DBS)
Directive 2000/43/EC (Race Directive)
Directive 68/360
DirecTV
disclosure
discounted cash flow (DCF)
Discovery Communications
discretionary income
discrimination
MLB
NHL
See also gender equity; race; Title IX
“Discrimination in Major League Baseball” (Rimer)
Dish Network
Disney
Distorting Subsidies Limitation Act
diversity
college athletics and
NCAA divisional reclassification and
ownership
“Diversity, Racism, and Professional Sports Franchise Ownership” (Shropshire)
dividends
Division I
Division I-A
Division I-AA
Division I-AAA
Division I Academic Performance Program (APP) Supplemental Support Fund
Division I Board of Directors
Division I Football Bowl Subdivision
Division I Management Council
Division I Men’s Basketball Championship
Division I Men’s Basketball Committee
Division I Philosophy Statement
Division I Without Football Subdivision
Division I Women’s Basketball Championship
Division II
Division II Men’s and Women’s Basketball Championship
Division III
divisional reclassification, for NCAA member institutions
DNPV
Doby, Larry
“Does One Simply Need to Score to Score?” (Berri, Brook, and Schmidt)
“Do Firms Have Short Memories?: Evidence from Major League Baseball” (Healy)
Dolan, Larry
Domanski-Lyfors, Marika
Dome, D.
Donaghy, Tim
donations. See alumni giving; fundraising
Donovan, Landon
doping
“Doping in Sports: Legal and Ethical Issues: Corruption: Its Impact on Fair Play” (McLaren)
Doubleday, Abner
Doubleday, Nelson
Dowling, William
downstream pressure, in EPL
drafts. See player drafts
Drake Group
Draper, Peter
Dravid, Rahul
drugs, performance-enhancing
drug testing, in Beijing Olympics
Dryden, Ken
Dryer, Ryan T.
Duck Athletic Fund
Duderstadt, James J.
Duffy, William
Duke, Wayne
Duke University
Dungy, Tony
Dunnavant, Keith
Durocher, Leo
Duru, N. Jeremi
Dutch League
dynasties
E
Eagleson, Alan
earned run average
earnings. See income
EA Sports
Eastern Europe
Ebbets, Charles
Ebbets Field
Ebel
Ebersol, Dick
EBITDA
Ecclestone, Bernie
econometric issues, in NBA
economic background, for sports facilities
economic benefits, of public stadium financing
economic downturn, sports and
“Economic Evaluation of the Moneyball Hypothesis, An” (Hakes and Sauer)
economic generators
economic globalization
Manchester United
team valuation and
economic impact, of Olympics
economic logic, of revenue sharing
economics, of leagues
“Economics of Promotion and Relegation in Sports Leagues” (Noll)
economic theory, for competitive balance
Economist, The
Edelman, Marc
“Analyzing the WNBA’s Mandatory Age/Education Policy from a Legal, Cultural, and Ethical Perspective”
“Could the New Women’s Soccer League Survive in America?”
“Sports and the City: How to Curb Professional Sports Teams’ Demands for Free Public Stadiums”
Education Amendments
education policy, of WNBA
education-related issues, in women’s basketball
Edwards, Duncan
Edwards, Herman
Edwards, Martin
“Effects of Collegiate Athletics: An Interim Report”
El Hodiri, M.
eligibility, for collegiate athletics
Eligibility Center, LLC
Eliot, Charles William
Elkins Railroad Line
Ellison, Larry, sports interests of
Elseneer, Gilles
emerging/niche leagues
introduction
minor league baseball
MLS
women’s basketball
women’s soccer
XFL
Emerson, Patrick M.
Emirates Airline
Emirates Cup
Emirates Stadium
emotions, of ownership
“Empirical Effects of Collegiate Athletics: An Update to the Interim Report” (Orszag and Orszag)
Endowment Fund (University of Michigan)
England, amateurism in
England and Wales Cricket Board (ECB)
English Football Association (FA)
English Football Association Premier League
English Football League
English Premier League (EPL)
Arsenal FC
entry
Fitch ratings
globalization and
industry environment
revenues (2009)
revenue sharing
team performance analysis
enrollment, Title IX and
Enron Field
entertainment, as traditional revenue source
entertainment assets, sports franchises as
entertainment industry
entry. See league entry
“Environmental Review of Integrity in Professional Tennis”
environmental risks
Epstein, Robert
Epstein, Theo
equity, liquidation of
Equity in Athletics Disclosure Act (EADA)
Erekson, O.
Ergen, Charles, sports interests of
Ericsson Stadium
Escrow and Team Payment
ESPN
collegiate athletics and
emerging and niche leagues
globalization and
importance of
March Madness
MLB collective bargaining and
MMDs and
network umbrella of
NFL
online
regional sports networks
rights fees
WNBA
ESPN Classic
ESPN Star Sports
Essien, Michael
estate planning
estimation strategy
ethical decision making
“Ethical Issues Confronting Managers in the Sport Industry” (Hums, Barr, and Gullion)
ethics
doping and corruption
introduction
managers
Olympics
women’s basketball
ethnic diversity, NCAA divisional reclassification and
Eto’o, Samuel
Etzel, M. J.
Europe
European Champions Hockey League
European Champions League
European Commission
European Community
European Convention on Human Rights (ECHR)
European Council
European Court of Human Rights (CHR)
European Court of Justice (ECJ)
European Monitoring Center on Racism and Xenophobia (EUMC)
European Parliament
European sports ratings
European Sports Security Association
“European Union and Fan Racism in Europe” (Ryan)
Evans, Dena
events, competitive balance and
“Evolution of Olympic Sponsorship and Its Impact on the Olympic Movement (Giannoulakis and Stotlar)
Ewing, Patrick
excess demand, new leagues and
excitement, in Manchester United sports brand
exclusive agreements
Executive Committee
exits. See league exits
expansion
expansion fees
expenses. See costs/expenses; losses
Extreme Games
F
F1 races
facilities. See sports facilities
facility leases
facility tours
Faculty Summit
faculty, of colleges and universities
FA Cup
Fairfield University
fairness
Falconhead Capital
Fan Cost Index
Fannie Mae
fans
blogs (with advertising)
collegiate sports
competitive balance and
competitive leagues and
EPL and
headsets for
Manchester United
player compensation and
public offerings and
racism in European soccer stadiums
revenue sharing and competitive balance
winning and
See also consumers
FA Premier League (FAPL)
Favre, Brett
Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI)
Federal Communications Commission (FCC)
Federal Express
Federal League
Federal Mediation and Conciliation Service
Federal Trade Commission (FTC)
Federation Internationale de Football Associations (FIFA)
Federer, Roger
FedEx Field
Fedun, Leonid, sports interests of
Fehr, Don
Fehr, Steve
Fenton, Kevin
Fenway Park
Ferguson, Alex
Ferguson, Jim
field advertising
field hockey team (women’s), doping by
Fiesta Bowl
figure skating, refereeing bias in
Final Act to the Treaty of Amsterdam
Final Four
final-offer salary arbitration
financial accountability, of NCAA member institutions
financial aid
financial benefits, of ownership
financial cheating, in college sports
financial crisis, sports and
financial disclosure
financial information, access to
financial integrity, in collegiate athletics
financial management, for Olympics
financial overview/review
Arsenal Football Club
NCAA
NCAA divisional reclassification
financial profiles, team valuation and
financial stakes, in college sports
financial valuation. See team valuation
“Financial Valuation of Sports Franchises, The” (Ziets and Haber)
Financial World Magazine
financing
collegiate athletics
European sports
Olympics
sports facilities
See also public financing
“Financing and Economic Impact of the Olympic Games, The” (Humphreys and Zimbalist)
financing instruments
Finley, Charlie
First Basic Agreement (MLB)
first-generation league owners
First USA Bank
Fisher, Roger
Fitch
“Fitch Ratings-Criteria Report Global Sports Rating Guidelines, May 9, 2007” (Lewis, Soltz, Monnier, and George)
Fix: Soccer and Organized Crime, The (Hill)
Fleet Bank
Fleet Financial Group
Flood, Curt
Flood v. Knight
Florida International University
Florida Marlins
Florida Panthers
Florida Panthers Holdings Inc.
Flutie, Doug
Flutie effect
Football Against Racism in Europe (FARE)
Football Bowl Subdivision (FBS)
Football Championship Subdivision
“Football May Be Ill, But Don’t Blame Bosman” (Duffy)
Football Outsiders.com
Football Television Plan
Forbes
“Forecasting the Importance of Media Technology in Sport: The Case of the Televised Ice Hockey Product in Canada” (O’Reilly and Rahinel)
foreign exchange issues, of Arsenal Football Club
foreign fans, of EPL
foreign ownership
foreign players, Bosman case and
Forest City Enterprises, Inc.
Forsberg, Peter
Fort, Rodney D.
“Hard Ball”
“Pay Dirt: The Business of Professional Team Sports”
“Tax Revisions of 2004 and Pro Sports Team Ownership”
“Value of Major League Baseball Ownership, The”
Fortunato, John A.
Fox
MLB collective bargaining and
NFL programming
regional sports networks
rights fees
Fox Entertainment Group
Fox Network
Fox Soccer Channel
Fox Sports
Fox Sports Net (FSN)
Fox Sports Net Chicago
Fox Sports Net Prime Ticket
Fox Sports Net South
Fox Sports Net West
Fox Sports Net West II
Fox Sports New York
Fox Sports on MSN
Fox Sports World TV
Franchise Free Agency (NFL)
franchise players (NFL)
franchises. See ownership; teams; specific teams
Frank, Robert H.
Franklin v. Gwinnett County Public Schools
Fraser v. Major League Soccer, L.L.C.
Fraternity of Professional Baseball Players of America
Freddie Mac
free agency
importance of
MLB
NBA
NFL
restrictions on
See also player compensation
Freedom of Information Act (FOIA)
freedom of opportunity
free trade, NFL and
Frisco Roughriders
Fritz Pollard Alliance (FPA)
“Fritz Pollard Alliance, the Rooney Rule, and the Quest to ‘Level the Playing Field’ in the National Football League” (Duru)
front office personnel, professional managers and
Fuji
Fulham
full faith and credit obligations
fun activities, facility financing through
fundraising
collegiate athletics success and
major donor behavior
Funds From Operations (FFO)
Funk, D. C.
“Further Clarification of Intercollegiate Athletics Policy Guidance Regarding Title IX Compliance” (OCR)
G
G-3 Program
Gaborik, Marian
Galimberti, Giorgio
gambling
Game of Life, The (Shulman and Bowen)
games, facility financing through
gaming, as nontraditional revenue
source
Ganguly, Sourav
Garzon, Baltasar
Gaski, I. E.
Gaston, Cito
gate receipts
collegiate athletics
NBA stars and
NFL revenue sharing and
revenue streams and
sharing of
star players and
Gatorade
gender equity
collegiate athletics
financial aid
introduction
legal framework
NCAA
operational issues
Title IX policy guidance
women coaches and
women’s rowing
“Gender Equity in College Athletics: Women Coaches as a Case Study” (Rhode and Walker)
Gender Equity Report
gender inequalities
gender issues
gender, collegiate athletics and
women’s basketball
gender stereotypes
general corporate ownership
General Motors of Canada
general obligation bonds
general university funds
George Mason University
George Washington University
Georgia Tech University
Gerking, Shelby
Germany
Gerrard, Bill
Getz, M.
Giamatti, A. Bartlett
Giambi, Jason
Giannoulakis, Chrysostomos
Giants Stadium
Giggs, Ryan
Gillett, George
Gillette Stadium
Gilovich, Tom
giving. See alumni giving
giving rates, of alumni
Gladden, J. M.
Glasgow Rangers
glass ceilings, in ownership
Glazer, Malcolm
global economic downturn, sports and
global expansion. See international expansion
“Globalisation and Sports Branding: The Case of Manchester United” (Hill and Vincent)
globalization. See economic globalization
global leagues
cricket
introduction
local heroes
player markets
soccer
global player compensation, in soccer
global player drafts
global player transfer. See player markets
global values, Olympics and
GMR Holdings
Goldman Sachs
Goldstein, Paul
Gomez, Preston
Gonyo v. Drake University
Gonzaga University
Good Jobs New York
Goodenow, Bob
Goplerud, C. Peter
Goplerud, Peter, III
Gourdine, Simon
government financial support, for athletic departments
Governmental Accounting Standards Board Statement No. 33 (“GASB 33”)
grades
Graduation Rate Report
graduation rates
Graduation Success Rates (GSR)
grandfather clause
Grand Prix
Grand Slam Committee (GSC)
Grange, Red
Grantham, Charles
grants
grants-in-aid
Great American Ballpark
great teams
Great Western Bank
Great Western Forum
“Great White Hope”
Gree Electrics
Greek athletics
Green, Dennis
Green Bay Packers
Lambeau Field
NFL revenues and
public offerings
public ownership of
public ownership
shareholders meetings
Green Bay Packers Hall of fame
Greenberg, Hank
Greenberg, Martin J.
Greenberg, Steve
Gretzky, Wayne
grievance arbitration
Griffith, Calvin
Grimes, Paul W.
Grousbeck, Irving
Grousbeck, Wyc
Grove City v. Bell
Grow, Nathaniel
“Growth of NCAA Women’s Rowing: A Financial, Ethical and Legal Analysis, The” (Rosner)
Gullion, Laurie
Gunn, Ben
H
Haber, David
Hakes, Jahn K.
Halas, George
Halas family
Hall, S.
Hall of Fame
Hamilton, Barton Hughes
Hamm, Mia
Hams, Steve
Hansen, Tom
Hanshin Tigers
Hanson, Andrew P.
Hanssen, Andrew
“Hard Ball” (Quirk and Fort)
Hard Cap
Hard Rock Café
Harlem Globetrotters
Harrah, Toby
Harris, Louis
Harrison, C. Keith
Harvard Board of Overseers
Harvard Faculty Athletics Committee
Harvard University
Hatteberg, Scott
Hawk, Tony
headsets, for fans
Healy, Andrew
hedonic price model
Heineken
Helsinki Report
Hendricks, John
Henry, John
Henry, Thierry
Henson, Drew
Hicks, Tom
high definition television (HDTV)
Highbury Square
higher education, collegiate athletics and. See also academics
Hill, Declan
Hill, Grant
Hill, John S.
Hill, Jonathan
Hill-Wood, P. D.
hiring standards, in MLB (1975–1994)
hiring strategies, NFL revenue sharing and competitive balance
Hispanics. See race
historical precedent
Hleb, Alexander
Hoang, Ha
Hockey Canada
“Hockey Lockout of, The” (Staudohar)
Hokkaido Nippon Ham Fighters
hold strategy
Hollway, Sandy
Holmes, Larry
Home Depot
“Home Team” (Danielson)
homophobia
Honda
Hong, Gao
Horowitz, I.
housing, sports complexes and
Houston Astros
Houston Comets
Houston NFL Holdings, Inc.
Houston Rockets, globalization and
Houston Texans
Howard, Dennis R.
Howe, Don
Hoyte, Justin
Hsing, Y.
Huizenga, Wayne
Hulbert, William
human relations, MLB discrimination and
human resources management, in Olympics
Humphreys, Brad R.
congressional testimony from
“Determinants of Franchise Values in North American Professional Sports Leagues: Evidence from a Hedonic Price Model”
“Ticket Prices, Concessions and Attendance at Professional Sporting Events”
Hums, Mary A.
Hunt, J. W.
Hustler’s Handbook, The (Veeck)
Hyde, Christopher
I
IBM
ice advertising
ICP
Identity Salience Model
ideology, amateurism and
Idson, Todd L.
imbalance. See competitive imbalance
IMG
“Impact of College Sports Success on the Quantity and Quality of Student Applications” (Pope and Pope)
“Impact of Reclassification from Division II to I-AA and from Division I-AA to I-A on NCAA Member Institutions from 1993 to 2003”
“Impact of the Flat World on Player Transfers in Major League Baseball, The” (Rosner and Conroy)
implied senior unsecured ratings
“Inaugural (and Only) Season of the Xtreme Football League” (Willoughby and Mancini)
In Black and White: Race and Sports in America
incentives, performance and
income
collegiate athletics and
professional sports teams
scholarships and
income taxation, exemption from
incumbent teams, expansion and
Independent European Sports Review
India Cements
India Knowledge@Wharton
Indianapolis Colts
Indianapolis Star
Indiana Stadium and Convention Building Authority
Indiana University
Indian Cricket League (ICL)
Indian Premier League (IPL)
individual equity ownership model
individual salary caps
indoor variations, of outdoor sports
Industry Growth fund (IGF)
inflationary salary mechanisms
MLB
NHL and salary arbitration
information access
information management, in Olympics
Infractions Appeals Committee
initial public offerings (IPOs). See public offerings
inner market
innovation
media technology
traditional league structures and
Institute for Intercollegiate Athletics
institutional arrangements, competitive balance and
institutional financial support, for athletic departments
instrumental media use
Integrated Postsecondary Education Date System (IPEDS)
interactive television (iTV)
Intercollegiate Athletic Association (IAA)
Intercollegiate Athletic Association of the United States (IAAUS)
intercollegiate athletics. See collegiate athletics Intercollegiate Athletics Policy Interpretation
“Intercollegiate Athletics and the American University: A University President’s Perspective” (Duderstadt)
Intercollegiate Conference of Faculty Representatives (Big Ten Conference)
Intercollegiate Football Association
Internal Revenue Code
Internal Revenue Service (IRS)
International Amateur Athletics Federation
International Basketball Federation (FIBA)
International Boxing Association (AIBA)
international expansion, as traditional revenue source
International Federation of Associated Wrestling Styles (FILA)
International Federation of Association Football (FIFO)
International Federations (IFs)
International Hockey Federation (FIH)
International Hockey Federation Judicial Committee
International Ice Hockey Federation (IIHF)
international leagues. See global leagues
International Monetary Fund (IMF)
International Olympic Committee (IOC)
ethics and
Olympics management
revenue sources
sponsorship
International Olympic Committee Code of Ethics
International Olympic Committee Ethics Commission
international player transfer. See player markets
International Skating Union (ISU)
International Tennis Federation (ITF)
Internet
MLB and
sports programming and
sports-related Web sites
“In the Arena: The NCAA’s First Century” (Crowley)
intradependence, revenue sharing and
invasion team sports, complex
investment issues
investments
athletic departments
liquidation of
investors, in MLS
IPO. See public offerings
Irabu, Hideki
Irani, Daraius
“Is the Moneyball Approach Transferable to Complex Invasion Team Sports?” (Gerrard)
ITDA
ITV
Iverson, Allen
Ivy League
Izguilov, Vitaly
J
Jack Kent Cooke Stadium
Jackson, Derrick Z.
Jacksonville University
Jacobs, Dick
Jacobs Field
Jagr, Jaromir
James, Bill
Jamieson, Cathy
Japanese baseball
Jayasuriya, Sanath
Jeanrenaud, Claude
Jiobu, Robert M.
John S. and James L. Knight Foundation
Johnson, Bob
Johnson, Eddie
Johnson, Jack
Johnson, Norris R.
Johnson, Robert
joint venture, MLS as
Jones, Jerry
Jordan, Michael
Joyce Julius and Associates
Joyner-Kersee, Jackie
judging scandal (Salt Lake)
Junior X Games
Justice, David
K
Kafelnikov, Yevgeny
Kahn, Lawrence M.
“Sports Business as a Labor Market Laboratory, The”
Kahneman, Daniel
Kameni, Carlos
Kane County Cougars
Kansas City Athletics
Kansas City Monarchs
Kansas City Royals
expansion fees
price changes
revenue generation
team sale price and growth rates
Kaplan, Richard A.
Kasten, Stan
Kauffman, Ewing
Kaul, Ashish
Keenan, Diane
“Keeping Score: The Economics of Big-Time Sports” (Sheehan)
Keillor, Garrison
Keith, Floyd
Kelly, Jim
Kelly, Sharon Pratt
Kennedy, Jim, sports interests of
Kenyon, Peter
Kern, W.
Kesenne, S.
Kesselring, R.
Kessler, Jeffrey
Key bank
Khan, Shah Rukh
Khristoforov, Leonid
Killanin, Lord
Kim, Ho
King, Billie Jean
Kintetsu Buffaloes
Kirmani, Syed
Kirshner, Irwin
Klastorin, T. D.
Klements Sausage Haus
Knickerbocker Arena
Knight Commission on Intercollegiate Athletics
Knight Commission Summit on the Collegiate Athlete Experience
Knight, Bob
Knight, James L.
Knight, John S.
Knight, Michael
Knight, Phil, sports interests of
Kodak
Kohl Center
Kolkata Knight Riders
Koppett, Leonard
Kowet, Don
Kraft, Robert
Kraft Sports Group
Krasner, Jeremy
Kroc, Ray
Kroenke, E. Stanley
Kroenke Sports Enterprises (KSE)
Kronick, S.
Kuhn, Bowie
Kun-Hee, Lee, sports interests of
Kuypers, T.
Kypreos, Nick
L
Labatt Brewing Company
labor issues
MLB
single-entity structure
See player compensation
labor law issues, in NCAA
labor market
global
player salaries
team valuation and
See also player markets
labor market research, through sports business
labor negotiations, in MLB collective bargaining
“Labor Relations in Major League Baseball” (Zimbalist)
labor unions
collective bargaining agreements and competition
European sports leagues and
introduction
MLB labor negotiations
MLB labor relations
NHL lockout (2004–2005)
Lacity, M.
Ladies Professional Basketball Association (LPBA)
Lady Foot Locker
“Lake Wobegon Effect”
La Liga
L.A. LIVE
Lambeau, Curly
Lambeau Field
Lansing Lugnuts
Larry Bird Exception
La Salle University
Latinos. See race
laundry money
law, cases and materials
Law, Denis
law. See legal issues
Lawrence, Janet H.
Lawson, Robert
lawyers, collegiate athletics and
leadership
collegiate athletics and
emerging and niche leagues
IOC
women coaches
league debt policy
league entry
league exits
league membership agreements
league owners, generations of
leagues
competitor
European labor unions and
European sports ratings
public offerings and
revenues
rival
teams, number of
team valuation and
See also emerging/niche leagues; global leagues; teams; specific leagues
league strategies
league structure and background
alternative model
introduction
positioning in U.S. economy
professional model overview
traditional structure
women’s soccer (U.S.)
“League Think” philosophy
lease revenue bonds
Lecavalier, Vincent
legal issues
collegiate sports
MLS
NCAA
ownership diversity
sports law
team valuation
Title IX
women’s basketball
legal structures, of American professional sports leagues
“Legislation for the Glory of Sport: Amateurism and Compensation” (Shropshire)
Lehman Brothers
Leiweke, Tim
Leonhardt, David
Leonsis, Ted
Leopold, Craig
Lerner, Al
Lerner, Randy
lesbian coaches
“Letter Clarifying Apportionment of Financial Aid in Intercollegiate Athletics Programs” (OCR)
leverage
Levi Strauss
Levitt, Arthur
Levy Restaurants
Lewis, Chad
Lewis, K. A.
Lewis, Marvin
Lewis, Michael
Leyland, Jim
Li, Ming
Liberty Basketball Association (LBA)
Liberty Media
licensing
broadcasting on trains and airlines
merchandise sales and
personal seat
Lidstrom, Nicklas
Lieweke, Tim
Lifetime Network
Ligue
limited partnerships
limited-tax general obligation bonds
Linden, Trevor
Lindsay, Ted
liquidity
Litan, Robert E.
Liverpool FC
Llodra, Michael
loan to value (LTV)
local communities, professional managers and
local economic benefits, from professional sports
local heroes
local revenues
European sports and
NFL revenue sharing and
local sports, economic downturn and
local television rights
location
emerging and niche leagues
minor league baseball teams
Olympics
lockbox mechanisms/accounts
lockout, in NHL (2004–2005)
Lohse, Kyle
Long, James E.
Long, Judith Grant
Long, Russell
Lopez, Jennifer
Los Angeles, NFL relocation and
Los Angeles Angels
Los Angeles Dodgers
free agency
globalization and
Murdoch, Rupert
New Corporation and
price changes
team sale price and growth rates
television revenues
Los Angeles Forum
Los Angeles Galaxy
Los Angeles Kings
Los Angeles Lakers
Los Angeles Memorial Coliseum Commission v. National Football League
Los Angeles Olympics (1984)
Los Angeles Organizing Committee (LAOCOG)
Los Angeles Raiders
Los Angeles Rams
Los Angeles Sparks
losses. See also costs/expenses
Louisiana Superdome
Low-A minor league baseball
LPGA Tour, global economic downturn and
Lucas Oil
Lucchino, Larry
Lurie, Jeffrey
luxury suites
luxury taxes
MLB
NBA
NHL
team valuation and
Luzzi, Federico
M
MacCracken, Henry Mitchell
Mackey v. National Football League
Madden, Janice
Madison Square Garden
Madison Square Garden LP
Madison Square Garden Sports Network (MSG)
Mael, F.
Mahony, D. F.
Major Indoor Soccer League (MISL)
majority ownership
Major League Baseball (MLB)
advertising, on-field
appreciatiom
attendance
bubble in
collective bargaining
competitive balance
credit program
discrimination in
entertainment aspects of
ethical issues
Fan Cost Index and
Fitch ratings
franchise sale price versus market size
free agency
global economic downturn and
globalization and
inflationary salary mechanisms
international expansion
international player transfers
Internet and
Labor Relations Department
labor relations
local revenues
luxury taxes
media revenues
minor league baseball and
MLS and
Moneyball and
Nielsen ratings
nomenclature
Olympics
online packages
ownership in
player compensation
player performance
player transfers
player unions
profit maximization in
promotion and relegation
public ownership
race
reserve clause
revenue generation
revenue multiples
revenues
revenue sharing
revenue sources
rival leagues
salary arbitration
sponsorships
sports facilities
stadium subsidies
strike (1994–1995)
tax issues
team debts
team valuation
television rights
ticket pricing
“Value of Major League Baseball Ownership, The”
variable ticket pricing in
work stoppages
See also specific teams
Major League Baseball Extra Innings
Major League Baseball Players Association (MLBPA)
collective bargaining
free agency and
luxury taxes and
MLB Draft and
MLB labor relations
Major League Lacrosse
Major League Soccer (MLS)
antitrust liability
Beckham, David
emerging and niche leagues
FIFA and
LLC Agreement
management fees
player unions
promotion and relegation
race
single-entity structure
sponsorships
ticket sales and David Beckham
majors, of college athletes
major television networks
Malkin, Evgeni
Mallya, Vijay
Maloof, Joe
management, by Olympics organizing committees
Management Councils
“Management of the Olympic Games: The Lessons of Sydney” (Chappelet)
management strategy, Moneyball and
managerial skills, knowledge, and abilities
managers
“Discrimination in Major League Baseball”
ethical issues facing
“Fritz Pollard Alliance, the Rooney Rule, and the Quest to ‘Level the Playing Field’ in the National Football League”
Manchester City
Manchester United
globalization and sports branding
media ventures of
team performance analysis
Mancini, Chad
mandatory age/education policy, in NBA
Mara, Wellington
Mara family
Marburger, D.
March Madness
March Madness on Demand (MMOD)
marginal revenue product (MRP)
Maricopa County Stadium District
Mariucci, Steve
market appropriation, by emerging and niche leagues
market characteristics, for NBA teams
marketing
Dallas Cowboys
ownership and
XFL
Marketing Magazine
marketing operations, of NCAA member institutions
market ownership
Markham, Jesse
Marple, David P.
Marquette National Bank
Marquette University
Marshall University
Martinez, Marty
Martino, Thomas
Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)
Master Agreement (NFL revenue sharing)
Masteralexis, Lisa Pike
Master Card International
Masterson, Elizabeth
match-fixing
Matsuzaka
McCloud, George
McCormick, Robert
McCourt, Frank
McCray, Nikki
McCurdy, James R.
McDonald’s
McEvoy, Chad D.
McFarland, Victor
McGraw, John
McGuire, Pierre
MCI Center
McLaren, Richard H.
McMahon, Vince
McNair, Robert
McNally, Dave
McRae, Hal
Meca-Medina
media
athletic departments and
future of
introduction
league perspectives
league television deals
NFL television programming
NHL television programming (Canada)
regional sports networks
sports television, future of
See also regional sports networks; television
Media Access Charge (MAC)
media companies, ownership by
media contracts
media revenues, by league
media rights
Mediate, Rocco
Medvedev, Andrei
Mehri, Cyrus
Mellon Foundation
member institutions. See NCAA member institutions
Member States
Memorial Stadium (Baltimore)
Memphis Grizzlies
menu costs
merchandise sales
merchandising
athletic departments
EPL
mergers, of regional sports networks
Merrill Lynch
Mertinak, Michal
Messersmith, Andy
Metrodome
Metropolitan Intercollegiate Basketball Association (MIBA)
M-Go Blue Shops
Mi, Xhou
Miami Dolphins
club seats
globalization and
Thanksgiving Day NFL games
Miami Heat
Michener, James
Michigan Stadium
Mid-American Conference
Mid-Atlantic Sports network (MASN)
Middle Tennessee State University
Midwest Express Airlines
Mikitani, Hiroshi, sports interests of
Milan Stock Exchange
Millen, Matt
Miller, Bode
Miller, Marvin
MillerCoors
Miller Lite
Miller Park
Milwaukee Braves
Milwaukee Brewers
price changes
relocation
revenue generation
revenue sharing
sports facilities
tax issues and
team sale price and growth rates
Milwaukee County Stadium
Minge, David
Minnesota North Stars
Minnesota Timberwolves
Minnesota Twins
community ownership
Moneyball and
price changes
salary arbitration
tax issues
team sale price and growth rates
Minnesota Vikings
Minnesota Wild
minorities. See race
Minority Opportunity and Interests Committee
minority ownership
minor leagues
baseball
hockey and basketball
player unions
Mississippi State University (MSU)
Mitchell Report
Mittal, Lakshmi, sports interests of
mixed-mode centrally planned structures
Mixon, Franklin
MLB. See Major League Baseball
MLBAM
MLB Draft
MLB.TV Premium
MLS Shootout
Moag, J.
mobile multimedia devices (MMDs)
Modell, Art
Modi, Lalit
Monday Night Football
Mondello, Michael
money
Moneyball (Lewis)
complex invasion team sports and
economic evaluation of
Monmouth University
Monnier, Laurence
monopolies
monopoly price determination, model of
monopsony
Montcourt, Mathieu
Montreal Expos
Moody’s
Moonves, Leslie
Moore, Harold
Moores, John
Moorhead, Clay
Moreno, Arte
Morgan, Lynn
Mornhinweg, Marty
Moss, Diana
Motivation of Athletics Donors
motivations
Hard Ball
Sport as Business
Value of Major League Baseball Ownership, The
Motorola
Motton, Curt
Mountain West Conference
MTV Networks
Muamba, Fabrice
Mueller’s
MU Finance
MU International
multi-channel video programming distributors (MVPDs)
multipliers
multi-video programming (MVP), markets for
MU Mobile
municipal bonds
Municipal Stadium (Kansas City)
Murakami, Masanori
Murdoch, Rupert
Murphy, Dennis
Murphy, Robert G.
Murray, Andy
MU Travel
MUTV
Myllari, Leo
N
NACUBO
Nadal, Rafael
Nagel, Mark S.
NAIA
“Name Is the Game in Facility Naming Rights, The” (Greenberg and Anderson)
naming rights
facility financing through
NCAA facilities
Nets Sports and Entertainment, LLC and Subsidiaries
sports facilities
team valuation and
Nankai Hawks
Nardinelli, Clark
NASCAR
global economic downturn and
globalization and
housing and
television rights
NASDAQ
Nashville Predators
National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP)
National Association of Baseball Clubs
National Association of College and University Business Officers (NACUBO)
National Association of Intercollegiate Athletics (NAIA)
National Association of Securities Dealers
National Basketball Association (NBA)
amateurism and collegiate athletics reform
appreciation
attendance
Bettman, Gary
bubble in
collective bargaining
college basketball and
credit facility in
entertainment aspects of
ethical issues
Fan Cost Index and
fees
Fitch ratings
franchise sale price versus market size
free agency
gate receipts and star players
global economic downturn and
globalization and
inner market and outer market
international expansion
international player transfers
labor relations timeline
league structure
lockout (1998–1999)
luxury taxes
match-fixing and gambling
media revenues
MLS and
NHL and
Nielsen ratings
nomenclature
Olympics and
online packages
ownership in
pension plans in
player compensation
player jersey sales (2008–2009)
player unions
race
revenue multiples
revenues
revenue sharing
revenue sources (traditional)
rival leagues
salary cap
sports analytics
sports facilities
stadium naming rights
stadium subsidies
substitutes for
tax issues
team debts
team merchandise sales
team valuation
television rights
ticket pricing
See also specific teams
National Basketball League (NBL)
National Basketball Players Association (NBPA)
National City Bank
National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA)
academic reform
amateurism and
authority and rules
BCS conference finances
budget (2009)
collegiate athletics, historical transformation of
ethical issues
FBS and
financial overview
gender equity
higher education and collegiate athletics
infractions case
introduction
organizational structure and governance
origin of
player compensation and sports law
race
regulations
revenue distribution plan (2008–2009)
sports facility naming rights
State of the Association speech (2009)
subsidiaries and
television coverage
Title IX and
See also NCAA member institutions; Title IX
National Football Conference (NFC)
National Football League (NFL)
AFL and
AFL-NFL merger
amateurism and collegiate athletics reform
appreciation
Arena Football League and
attendance
bubble in
collective bargaining
college football and
competitive balance
competitiveness in
corporate ownership ban in
credit program
entertainment aspects of
ethical issues
Fan Cost Index and
Fitch ratings
Franchise Free Agency
franchise sale price versus market size
free agency
global economic downturn and
globalization and
international expansion
labor relations timeline
league structure
media revenues
“NFL vs. Sherman Act: How the NFL’s Ban on Public Ownership Violates Federal Antitrust Laws”
Nielsen ratings
nomenclature
ownership in
player compensation
player contracts
player jersey sales (2008)
player performance
player unions
public ownership prohibition
race
revenue generation
revenue multiples
revenues
revenue sharing
revenue sources (traditional)
revenue trends
rival leagues
salary cap
sponsorships
sports analytics
sports facilities
stadium naming rights
stadium subsidies
strike (1987)
substitutes for
tax issues
team advertising revenue
team debts
team merchandise sales (2008)
team valuation
television programming schedule
television rights
ticket pricing
USFL and
XFL and
See also specific teams
National Football League Players Association (NFLPA)
National Governing Bodies (NGBs)
national higher education associations
National Hockey League (NHL)
appreciation
bubble in
collective bargaining
discrimination in
ethical issues
Fitch ratings
franchise sale price versus market size
global economic downturn and
globalization and
international player transfers
labor relations timeline
lockout (2004–2005)
media revenues
MLS and
Nielsen ratings
nomenclature
online packages
ownership
player compensation
player unions
public ownership
race
revenue generation
revenue multiples
revenues
revenue sharing
rival leagues
salary arbitration and
sports facilities
stadium subsidies
substitutes for
tax issues
team debts
team valuation
television programming (Canada)
television rights
ticket prices
variable ticket pricing
work stoppages
See also specific teams
“National Hockey League and Salary Arbitration: Time for a Line Change” (Yoost)
National Hockey League Players Association
National Indoor Soccer League (NISL)
National Invitation Tournament (NIT)
National Junior College Athletic Association (NJCAA)
National Labor Relations Board (NLRB)
National Lacrosse League
National League (MLB)
National Letter of Intent program
National Olympic Committee (NOC)
revenue sources
sponsorship
National Organization for Women
National Pro Fastpitch
National Women’s Law Center
National Wrestling Coaches Association
Nationwide Football League
Native Americans. See race
NBA. See National Basketball League
NBA All-Star Game
NBA Board of Governors
NBA Board of Governors Audit Committee
NBA Constitution
NBA D-League
NBA Draft
NBA Efficiency
NBA Individual Cap
“NBA Luxury Tax Model: A Misguided Regulatory Regime” (Kaplan)
NBA Team Cap
NBC
collegiate athletics
emerging and niche leagues
NFL
NHL
revenue sharing and competitive balance
rights fees
NBC Sports
NBDL
NCAA Amateur Code
NCAA Basketball Championship
NCAA Basketball Tournament
NCAA Board of Directors
NCAA Bylaws
NCAA Committee on Infractions
NCAA Constitution
NCAA Convention (1994)
NCAA Convention (2006)
NCAA Council
NCAA Division I Athletic Directors’ Association
NCAA Division I Board of Directors
NCAA Division I Football Bowl Subdivision
NCAA Division I Philosophy Statement
NCAA Division I Without Football Subdivision
NCAA Eligibility Code
NCAA Elite Eight
NCAA Executive Committee
NCAA Executive Director
NCAA Football Television Plan
NCAA Gender Equity Report
NCAA Gender Equity study
NCAA Gender Equity Task Force
NCAA Manuals
NCAA member institutions
collegiate athletics operating expenses
collegiate athletics success, student applications and
collegiate athletics success, student quality and donations
divisional reclassification
fundraising
institutional impact overview
introduction
Knight Commission Summit on the Collegiate Athlete Experience
operational issues
physical capital stock
tax issues
University of Michigan Athletics Department
NCAA Minority Opportunity and Interests Committee
NCAA National Office
NCAA Presidents Commission
NCAA Presidents Council
NCAA Special Assistance Fund
NCAA Student Opportunity Fund
NCAA v. Board of Regents
NCAA v. University of Oklahoma Board of Regents
negotiations
MLB collective bargaining
NHL lockout (2004–2005)
Negro American League
Negro Leagues
Negro National League
Nets Sports and Entertainment, LLC and Subsidiaries
Neville, Gary
Neville, Phillip
Newark Eagles
New England Blizzard
New England Patriots
New England Revolution
New England Sports Network (NESN)
New Frontier Era (stadium financing)
New Jersey Generals
New Jersey Nets. See also Nets Sports and Entertainment, LLC and Subsidiaries
New Mexico State University
New Orleans Hornets
New Orleans Saints
“new school” owners
News Corporation
Newton Health Lancashire and Yorkshire Football Club
New York Athletic Club
New York Cosmos
New York Giants (baseball)
New York Giants (football)
New York Jets, relocation of
New York Knicks
New York Liberty
New York Mets
expansion fees
globalization and
Moneyball and
price changes
team sale price and growth rates
television revenues
variable ticket pricing
New York Power
New York Rangers
New York Red Bulls
New York Stock Exchange (NYSE)
New York Times
New York University
New York Yankees
CBS purchase of
globalization and
luxury tax
Madison Square Garden Network and
Manchester United and
Moneyball and
payroll
price changes
race
revenue generation
revenue sharing
Ruppert, Jacob
stadium deal
team sale price and growth rates
television
ticket prices
variable ticket pricing
YES Network and
New Zealand Cricket Council
New Zealand Cricket Inc.
NFL. See National Football League
NFL Charities
NFL Constitution
NFL Films
NFL Internet Network
NFL Management Council
NFL Network
“NFL Programming Schedule: A Study of Agenda-Setting” (Fortunato)
NFL Properties
NFL Scouting Combine
NFL Sunday Ticket
NFL Team Cap
NFL Trust
“NFL vs. Sherman Act: How the NFL’s Ban on Public Ownership Violates Federal Antitrust Laws”
NHL. See National Hockey League
NHL Individual Cap
Nice Declaration
niche leagues. See also emerging/niche leagues
Nielsen Media Research
Nike
Ning, Zhang
Nintendo Company
Nippon Ham
Nippon Professional Baseball (NPB)
Nissan
Nissan Pavilion
NIT, LLC
Noll, R. G.
“Business of College Sports and the High Cost of Winning, The”
“Economics of Promotion and Relegation in Sports Leagues”
nomenclature, overview of
Nomo, Hideo
non-resident aliens. See race
nonstatutory labor exemption
nontraditional revenue sources
Norman, Dick
North, Douglas
North American leagues, English football leagues and
North American Soccer League (NASL)
North American strategy, of Manchester United
North American Television Systems Committee (NTSC)
North Texas State University
Northwestern University
Notre Dame. See University of Notre Dame
Nucci, Robert
O
Oakland Athletics
globalization and
Moneyball and
price changes
tax issues and
team performance and payroll
team sale price and growth rates
Oakland Raiders
objectives
owners
revenue sharing and competitive balance
Obreja, Rudel
O’Brien, Seamus
obsolescence, of facilities
O’Donoghue, Tandy
Office for Civil Rights (OCR)
Oh, Sadaharu
Ohio State University
Okner, B. A.
“old boys network”
Oldsmobile Park
Oliver, Dean
OLN
Olympiad
Olympic Coordination Authority (OCA)
Olympic Movement
Olympic Myth of Greek Amateur Athletics, The (Young)
Olympic Roads and Transport Authority (ORTA)
Olympics
Beijing (2008)
doping
financing and economic impact
global values and
introduction
Los Angeles (1984)
match-fixing and gambling
NBC television coverage
online coverage
organizing committee management
organizing committee revenue sources
refereeing, biased
sponsorship
Sydney (2000)
Torino (2006)
“Olympics and the Search for Global Values, The” (Smith)
Olympic Security Command Center (OSCC)
“Olympic Sponsorship: Evolution, Challenges and Impact on the Olympic Movement” (Giannoulakis and Stotlar)
O’Malley, Walter
O’Malley family
on-base percentage
O’Neal, Shaquille
O’Neill, Patrick J.
O’Neill, Tip
on-field/on-court/on-ice advertising
“On The Global Economic Downturn and Sports” (Shropshire and Rosner)
open competition models
open leagues
“Open to All: Title IX at Thirty” (Commission on Opportunities in Athletics)
operating expenses, for collegiate athletics
Operating Fund (University of Michigan)
operating profits
operating revenues and expenses, by NCAA member institutions
operating rights, exclusive
operating subsidiary
operational issues
NCAA member institutions
Title IX
Opta Index
O’Reilly, Norm
organization, sports brands as
organizational management, in Olympics
Organizing Committee for the Olympic Games (OCOG)
Beijing Olympics (2008)
financial arrangements (contemporary)
Los Angeles Olympics (1984)
management
revenue sources
sponsorships and
Sydney Olympics (2000)
Orlando Predators
Orr, Bobby
Orszag, Jonathan M.
“Empirical Effects of Collegiate Athletics: An Update to the Interim Report”
“Physical Capital Stock Used in Collegiate Athletics, The”
Orszag, Peter R.
“Empirical Effects of Collegiate Athletics: An Update to the Interim Report”
“Physical Capital Stock Used in Collegiate Athletics, The”
Osborne, Tom
outer market
out-of-contract player
outsourcing, of collegiate athletics marketing operations
Ovechkin, Alex
Ownership
alternative models
emerging and niche leagues
introduction
labor relations and
objectives of
personalities and motivations
player compensation and
race issues
revenue sharing and
tax considerations
value of
ownership collusion, in MLB
ownership glass ceilings
Ozanian, Michael
P
Pac-10 Conference
Pacific Bell Park
Pagliuca, Stephen
Paige, Rod
Paige, Satchel
Palmer, Arnold
Panasonic
“Panel I: The Future of Sports Television” (Cass, Abbott, Kirshner, Ruskin, and Vickery)
parity. See competitive balance
Parkhouse, B.
parking, facility financing through
Parliament and Council (Tobacco Directive)
Parliament’s Directive
Parmar, Arvind
participation, Title IX and
Patriot Place
Pauwels, W.
“Pay Dirt: The Business of Professional Team Sports” (Quirk and Fort)
pay-per-view (PPV)
payroll caps. See also salary caps
payrolls, winning and
Pearson, Drew
Pedowitz, Lawrence B.
peer review process
Pell Grant
Penn State University
pension plans, NBA
Pepsi
Pepsi Arena
Pepsi Max
Perez, Florentino
Perez, Oliver
Perez, Tony
performance, MLB and inflationary salary mechanisms. See also Moneyball
performance-enhancing drugs
personalities
Hard Ball
Sport as Business
Value of Major League Baseball Ownership, The
personality attributes, of sports brands
personal seat license (PSL)
personal video recorders (PVRs)
personnel management, MLB discrimination and
persons, sports brands as
Petco Park
“Peterson’s Guide to Four Year Colleges”
Petrov, Gennady
PGA Tour, global economic downturn and
Phelan, Gerard
Phelps, Michael
Philadelphia 76ers
Philadelphia Athletics
Philadelphia Eagles
Philadelphia Flyers
Philadelphia Phillies
Philips Arena
Phillips, Godfrey
Phillips, Jeff
Phoenix Cardinals
Phoenix Coyotes
Phoenix Suns
“Physical Capital Stock Used in Collegiate Athletics, The” (Orszag and Orszag)
“Piece of the Rock (Or the Rockets), A” (Schaffer)
Pilson, Neil
Pittsburgh Penguins
Pittsburgh Pirates
Pittsburgh Steelers
Plant Fund (University of Michigan)
player agents. See agents
player compensation
amateurism and
college athletes
European sports ratings and
framework
global framework: soccer
introduction
labor market research
league revenues and
MLB inflationary salary mechanisms
Moneyball and
NBA deflationary salary mechanisms
NHL and salary arbitration
race and
salary structures
sports analytics
See also salary caps
player contracts
player drafts
competitive balance and
free agency and
MLB Draft
NBA Draft
reverse-order
worldwide
player issues, Designated Player Rule (MLS). See also player compensation
player markets
alternative player transfer methods
conclusion
historical precedent
introduction
posting process
posting process alternatives
posting process suboptimalities
workings of
See also labor markets
player performance
consistency of
incentives and supervision
player productivity (NBA), player salaries and
Player Relations Committee (MLB)
players
Arsenal Football Club
competitive balance and
Designated Player Rule (MLS)
gate receipts and star players
labor relations and
MLB managers and
MLS
NBA stars
out-of-contract
professional managers and
racial composition of
See also college athletes
player salaries
MLS
NHL
salary arbitration
transition and franchise players (NFL)
See also salary caps
player scarcity, in EPL
Players Inc.
player strikes
player transfers, Bosman case. See also player markets
player unions. See labor unions
playoff ticket sales
PNC Arts Center
Pohlad, Carl
Policy, Carmen
Policy Interpretation (OCR)
“Policy Interpretation: Title IX and Intercollegiate Athletics” (OCR)
Ponting, Ricky
Pope, D.
Pope, J.
population, competitive balance and
Porter, P.
Portland State University
Portland Trail Blazers
Portsmouth
positioning, of sports
posting process
alternatives to
suboptimalities of
power, professional team sports and
preferences, competitive balance and
Prehistoric Era (stadium financing)
President’s Club
Presidents Commission
Presidents Council (NCAA)
price growth, of MLB franchises
“Price of Winning” (Philadelphia Inquirer)
pricing, of naming rights
Princeton University
principled negotiations, in MLB collective bargaining
Principles and Practice of Sport Management (Masteralexis, Barr, and Hums)
Pritchard, Adrian
private athletic clubs
private equity (PE) investment
private financing, of sports facilities
private property structure, in professional sports leagues
Procter & Gamble
product attributes, of Manchester United
product scope, of Manchester United
professional athletes, definition of
Professional Golf Association (PGA)
professional league structure model, overview of
professional managers, ethical issues facing
professional sports franchises. See ownership
professional sports leagues. See ownership
professional sports nomenclature, overview of
“Professional Sports: The Next Evolution in Value Creation” (Phillips and Krasner)
professional team sports. See ownership
Pro Football Hall of Fame
profit maximization, MLB
profit orientation
profits
Arsenal Football Club
MLS teams
operating
Prohorov, Mikhail, sports interests of
project finance
Prokhorov, Mikhail
Prokom Open
promotion
property, of Arsenal Football Club. See also real estate; sports facilities
property structure, in professional sports leagues
proportionality
Proposition
Protocol 30 of the Treaty of Amsterdam
ProZone
psychological benefits, of ownership
public financing
congressional testimony on
sports facilities
team valuation and
publicity
public offerings
advantages of
disadvantages of
fans and
notes on
public ownership structure
viability of
public ownership
economic aspects of
majority versus minority ownership
NFL ban on
structuring
See also public offerings
public relations, variable ticket pricing and
Purdue University
Q
qualitative research, on costs and financing of collegiate athletics
quality/value, of Manchester United product
“Quantitative and Qualitative Research with Football Bowl Subdivision Presidents on the Costs and Financing of Intercollegiate Athletics” (Knight Commission on Intercollegiate Athletics)
quantitative research, on costs and financing of collegiate athletics
Quasi-Endowment Funds
Quirk, J.
“Hard Ball”
“Pay Dirt: The Business of Professional Team Sports”
R
race
college athletic recruitment and
fan racism in European soccer stadiums
hiring practices in collegiate athletics
introduction
managers and coaches
ownership
player demographics
player salaries
player transfers and
Race Directive
Racial Equality Directive
racism
ownership and
soccer (European)
radio, revenues from
Radulov, Alexander
Rahinel, Ryan
Ramirez, Manny
Rascher, D.
ratio analysis
Ratner, Bruce
Ravitch, Richard
Raycom Sports
Raymond James & Associates
Raymond James Stadium
RBC Financial
RCA Dome
RC Liege
Reagan, Ronald
real estate
sports complexes and
team valuation and
real estate structures, team valuation and
Real Madrid
reclassification, for NCAA member institutions
recreational sports, economic downturn and
recruitment, for collegiate athletics
Red Bull
Red Chillies Entertainment
Red Cinema Complex
Reebok
Rees, Jeffrey
refereeing bias
reform. See collegiate athletics: amateurism and reform
regional identity
regional sports networks (RSNs)
“Regional Sports Networks, Competition, and the Consumer” (Moss)
regular season ticket sales
regulation
NBA luxury taxes
regional sports networks
NCAA
Reinsdorf, Jerry
relegation
Reliance Industries
Reliant Energy
relocation
competitive balance and
minor league baseball teams
NFL teams
North American leagues
professional sports nomenclature and
public ownership and
public stadium financing and
revenue sharing and
Renaissance Era (stadium financing)
Renfro, Wallace I.
Rensing case
repeat-player problem
“Report to the Board of Governors of the National Basketball Association” (Pedowitz)
reservation wage
reserve clause
Resolution G-3 of 1999 (G-3 Program)
Resolution JC-1
resource-based view (RBV)
Ressler, R.
restaurants, facility financing through
restricted free agency
retail stores, facility financing through
revenue bonds
revenue distribution plan (NCAA, 2008–2009)
revenue enhancements, competitive balance and
revenue gap, in NFL
revenue generation
revenue revolution, in sports
revenues
athletic departments
collegiate athletics
European sports ratings
FBS (2006)
gate receipts and star players
leagues
MLB
NBA
NCAA and
NCAA member institutions
NFL
NHL
nontraditional sources of
Olympics
Olympics organizing committees
player compensation and
professional sports teams
teams
team valuation and
traditional sources of
University of Michigan Athletics Department
winning and
See also concessions; ticket sales
Revenues and Expenses of Intercollegiate Athletics Programs report
revenue sharing
competitive balance and
intradependence
introduction
MLB
NBA
NFL
team valuation and
“Revenue Sharing and the Salary Cap in the NFL” (Moorhead)
reverse-order player drafts
Revolution Era (stadium financing)
Reyes, Jose
Reyna, Claudio
Reynolds, Gerald A.
Reynolds, Tom
RFK Stadium
Rhoads, Thomas
Rhode, Deborah L.
Rhodes, Ray
Rice University
Rich, Lauren
Richards, Brad
Richardson, Mark
Richmond Rage
Rich Products Corporation
Rich Stadium
Rich Who Own Sports, The (Kowet)
Rickey, Branch
Riggs, Bobby
Rimer, Edward, “Discrimination in Major League Baseball”
risks
Arsenal Football Club
construction
environmental
ritualized media use
rival leagues
Robbie, Joe
Robertson, Oscar
Robertson Settlement Agreement (RSA)
Robinson, Frank
Robinson, Glen
Robinson, Jackie
Rockies Youth Foundation
Rodriguez, Alex
Roenick, Jeremy
Rogers Communications
Rogers Wireless
Rogge, Jacques
Rojas, Cookie
Rolnick, Arthur
Rome, Jim
Romney, Mitt
Ronaldinho
Ronaldo, Christiano
Rookie Cap
Rookie Scale Contracts (NBA)
Rooney, Art
Rooney, Dan
Rooney, Wayne
Rooney Rule
Roosevelt, Theodore
Rose, Pete
Rose Bowl
Rosner, Scott R.
“Growth of NCAA Women’s Rowing: a Financial, Ethical, and Legal Analysis”
“Impact of the Flat World on Player Transfers in Major League Baseball, The”
“On The Global Economic Downturn and Sports”
roster depreciation allowance (RDA)
roster size limits
Rothenberg, Alan
Rottenberg, S.
Rotwitt, Jeff
Route 2 Digital
Rovell, D.
rowing, women’s
Rozelle, Pete
Rozelle Rule
Ruby League
Rudd, Jessica Soltz
Ruiz, Carlos
Ruppert, Jacob
Ruskin, Brad
Russell, Bill
Russian Kontinental Hockey League (KHL)
Rutgers University
Ryan, Michael
S
Sachs, M.
Sack, Allen
Sacramento Kings
Sacred Heart University
Safin, Marat
St. Joseph’s University
St. Louis Blues
St. Louis Browns
St. Louis Cardinals (baseball)
St. Louis Convention and Visitors Commission
St. Louis Rams
St. Louis University
salaries. See player compensation
salary arbitration
MLB
NBA
NHL
competitive balance and
Fitch ratings and
MLB
NBA
NFL
NHL
rules
salary floors
sales prices, of MLB franchises
Salt Lake City (SLOC)
Salt Lake City Organizing Committee (SLOCOG)
Salt Lake Olympics judging scandal
Samaranch, Juan Antonio
Samson, David
Samu, Sridhar
Samurgashev v. FILA
San Antonio Spurs
San Diego Chargers
San Diego Padres
San Francisco 49ers
San Francisco Giants
Sanchez, Hugo
Sanders, Barry
Sanderson, Allen R.
Sanity Code
Santana, Johan
Saperstein, Abe
Sarkozy, Nicolas
Saskin, Ted
SAT scores
satellite radio, revenues from
satellite television
Sauer, Raymond D.
scandals
scarcity, team valuation and
Schaffer, Ryan
Schaefer Brewing Company
Schaefer Field
scheduling, in NFL
Schembechler, Bo
Schmidt, Martin B.
“Does One Simply Need to Score to Score?”
“Stars at the Gate: The Impact of Star Power on NBA Gate Revenues”
scholarships
Scholes, Paul
Schott, Marge
Schultz, Richard
Schweitzer, William H.
“Scoreboards vs. Mortarboards: Major Donor Behavior and Intercollegiate Athletics” (Stinson and Howard)
S corporations
Scott, Frank A., Jr.
Scottish premier League
Scouting Combine
Scudamore, Richard
Scully, G.
SDTV
season ticketholders, contracts with
season ticket sales
Seattle Coliseum
Seattle Mariners
Seattle Pilots
Seattle Reign
Sebago Associates
Second Basic Agreement (MLB)
second-generation league owners
Securities Act (1933)
Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC)
Securities Exchange Act (1934)
securitization
Seibu Lions
Seitz, Peter
Selig, Bud
collective bargaining
competitive balance
congressional testimony
labor relations
revenue sharing and
roster depreciation allowance
Selig v. U.S.
sell strategy
Senate Finance Committee
senior secured ratings
Senior Woman Administrator
Serie A
Setanta Sports
settlement, of NHL lockout (2004–2005)
Seymour, Harold
Shanahan Summit
Shannon, Randy
shares. See public offerings; public ownership Shea, William
Shea Stadium
Sheehan, Kathleen
Sheehan, Richard G.
Sheffield United
Shell, Art
Sherer, Peter D.
Sherman Antitrust Act
shirking
Shorey, Paul
Shropshire, Kenneth L.
“Diversity, Racism, and Professional Sports Franchise Ownership”
“Legislation for the Glory of Sport: Amateurism and Compensation”
“On The Global Economic Downturn and Sports”
traditional league structures
Shubik, Martin
Shulman, J. L.
Siegel, Jeremy
Siegelman, Lee
Siegfried, J.
Siena College
signing bonuses
Simon, Curtis
Singapore GP
Singell, L.
single-entity structure
centrally planned
MLS
WNBA
WUSA
single sports channels
skating
skiing
ski team (Austrian), doping by
Sky (pay-TV operator)
Sloane, Peter
slugging percentage
SMG
Smith, Adam
Smith, Alex
Smith, Joe
Smith, John Milton
Smith, Lovie
Smith, Rodney K.
Smulyan, Jeff
snowboarding
Snyder, Dan
soccer
European Union and fan racism
global leagues
global player compensation
match-fixing and gambling
See also English Premier League; Major League Soccer; women’s soccer
soccer clubs (British)
soccer schools
social democracy
socialism, in NFL
social sciences, collegiate athletics and
societal values, sports law and
Society for American Baseball Research (SABR)
socioeconomics, college athletic recruitment and
sociological issues. See ethics; race
Softbank Hawks
Soldier Field
Somppi, Ken
Son, Masayoshi, sports interests of
Sony
Sony Ericsson WTA Tour
Soriano, Alfonso
Southeastern Conference (SEC)
Southeast Missouri State University
Southeast Wisconsin Professional Baseball Park District
Southern Methodist University
Southwest Conference (SWC)
Southwest Sports Group
Spalding, Albert
Special Assistance Fund
special-purpose vehicle (SPV)
special tax bonds
Specter, Arlen
speculative bubble. See bubble
Sperber, M.
Spire Capital
Spiro, Richard
sponsorships
economic downturn and
emerging and niche leagues
European sports ratings and
NCAA and
Nets Sports and Entertainment, LLC and Subsidiaries
NFL
Olympics
sports facilities
team valuation and
“Sport as Business” (Zimbalist)
S’porter
sporting events, competitive balance and
“Sporting Labour Markets Are Becoming Global. But What About Sports Themselves?” (The Economist)
Sport Interest Inventory (SII)
sport managers. See managers
Sport Marketing Surveys (SMS)
sports, positioning of
sports analytics
“Sports and the City: How to Curb Professional Sports Teams’ Demands for Free Public Stadiums” (Edelman)
sports branding, of Manchester United
Sports Broadcasting Act (SBA)
“Sports Business as a Labor Market Laboratory, The” (Kahn)
Sports Business Journal
sports camps, by athletic departments
SportsChannel
sports complexes. See sports facilities
sports entertainment. See XFL
SportService
sports events, top-rated (2008)
sports facilities
athletic departments
congressional testimony from Demause, Neil
congressional testimony from Humphreys, Brad R.
economic downturn and
European sports ratings and
fan racism and European Union
financing and economic background
housing related to
introduction
naming rights
NCAA and naming rights
NCAA costs associated with
obsolescence of
Olympics
public financing
public offerings and
real estate opportunities and
recent construction
revenue generation through
team valuation and
traditional revenue sources
sports franchises. See ownership; teams
Sports in America (Michener)
sports labor markets. See labor markets; player markets
sports law
“Sports Law: Cases and Materials” (Yasser, McCurdy, Goplerud, and Weston)
sports management, principles and practice of
sports media. See media
SportsNet Chicago
SportsNet New York (SNY)
sports nomenclature, overview of
sports-related cable networks. See cable television networks
sports sponsorships, diversity, NCAA divisional reclassification and
“sports strategies”
sports television. See television
Sport-Universal Process
Springsteen, Bruce
stadiums. See sports facilities
Stake, R. E.
Staley, Dawn
Standard & Poor’s
Stanford University
Stanley Cup Finals
Staples Center
Starace, Potito
star players
gate receipts and
NBA
“Stars at the Gate: The Impact of Star Power on NBA Gate Revenues” (Berri, Schmidt, and Brook)
State of the Association speech (NCAA)
statistical significance
statistics. See sports analytics
Staudohar, Paul D.
Staurowsky, E. J.
Stein, Gil
Steinbrenner, George
Stephenson, E. Frank
Stern, David
Stevens, John Paul
Still, Valerie
Stinson, Jeffrey L.
stock market teams
stocks. See public offerings; public ownership
Stony Brook University
Stotlar, David
strategic decision making, in English football leagues
stress-case scenarios
strikes
student applications, collegiate athletics success and
Student-Athlete Opportunity Fund (SAOF)
student athletes. See also college athletes
student fees
student quality, collegiate athletic success and
Student Right to Know Act
subsidiaries
NCAA
subsidiarity
subsidies
congressional testimony on
stadiums
Sugar Bowl
Sullivan, William H.
Summer X Games
Summit on the Collegiate Athlete Experience
Sun Belt Conference
Sundberg, Jeffrey
Sunderland
Sun Jihai
Super Bowl
Superdome. See Louisiana Superdome
super-leagues
supervision, performance and
supplemental revenue redistribution, in NFL
supply, balance and imbalance
support agreements/guarantees
sustainability, of FBS
Suzuki, Ichiro
Swatch Timing
Swoopes, Sheryl
“Sydney 2000”
Sydney Olympic Broadcast Organization (SOBO)
Sydney Olympics (2000)
Sydney Organizing Committee for the Olympic Games (SOCOG)
symbols, sports brands as
“Symposium: Sports Law as a Reflection of Society’s Laws and Values: Pay for Play for College Athletes: Now, More Than Ever” (Goplerud III)
Syracuse University
system arbitration
Szymanski, S.
T
TAFE NSW
Tagliabue, Paul
Takacs, Artur
Tampa Bay Buccaneers
Tampa Bay Devil Rays
Tampa Bay Lightning
Tampa Bay Storm
Tanzer, Tommy
Tata Tea
Tax and Revenue Anticipation Notes (TRANs)
tax-exempt bonds
tax-exempt commercial paper
tax issues
luxury taxes
NCAA
NCAA member institutions
revenue sharing
sports teams
See also luxury taxes
Taxpayer Relief Act
“Tax Preferences for Collegiate Sports, May 2009” (Congressional Budget Office)
Tax Reform Act (1986)
“Tax Revisions of 2004 and Pro Sports Team Ownership” (Coulson and Fort)
tax shelters
conclusions
hold and sell strategies
introduction
policy assessment
roster depreciation allowance
tax shelter model
TBS Superstation
team activities, financing of
team management, public ownership and
Team Marketing Report
Team Millennium
team performance, in NBA
team quality, in English football leagues
teams
“Coming Revenue Revolution in Sports”
emerging and niche leagues
European sports ratings and
Franchise Free Agency (NFL)
introduction
legal structures
Manchester United: globalization and sports branding
Moneyball and
Nets Sports and Entertainment, LLC and Subsidiaries
number of
star players and gate receipts
ticket pricing
transactions
winning and payroll
winning and revenues
See also NCAA member institutions; sports facilities; specific teams
team salary caps
team sports. See ownership
team strategies, in English football leagues
team valuation
“Financial Valuation of Sports Franchises, The”
appreciation limitations
bear markets, sales related to
credit ratings
determinants of
Forbes (2010)
future of
introduction
leagues and
Tejada, Miguel
television
cable networks
college conferences
collegiate athletics
distribution channel diversity in
economic downturn and
emerging and niche leagues
EPL and
European sports ratings and
Fitch ratings and
future of
globalization and
interactive
league bids
league deals
NCAA
NFL
NHL
Olympics
regional sports networks
rights contracts
rights fees
sports events, top-rated (2008)
team valuation and
See also regional sports networks; specific television networks
television markets, largest
Tendulkar, Sachin
tennis, match-fixing and gambling in
Tennis Anti-Corruption Code
Tennis Anti-Corruption Program
Tennis Integrity Unit
Teplitz, Paul
territorial rights
Test-Takers Database (SAT database)
Texas A&M
Texas Christian University
Texas League
Texas North Stars
Texas Rangers
Texas Tech
TGI Friday’s
Thanksgiving Day NFL games
The Olympic Partners (TOP)
The Olympic Program (TOP)
“Thinking about Competitive Balance” (Sanderson and Siegfried)
third-generation league owners
Thirteenth Angel, The
Thomas, Bill
Thomson Corporation
three-part test (OCR)
“Ticket Prices, Concessions and Attendance at Professional Sporting Events” (Coates and Humphreys)
ticket pricing
attendance and concessions
player salaries and
variable
ticket sales
athletic departments
MLS
Olympics
team valuation and
See also revenues
Tide
Tiger Beer
time limits, for collegiate athletics
Time (magazine)
time management, in Olympics
time series modeling
Time Warner
Time Warner Cable
Tinsley, Maurice
Title IX
collegiate sports financing and
financial aid
gender equity and
history of
introduction
legal framework
operational issues
policy guidance and compliance
women coaches and
Title IX Investigator’s Manual
TiVo
TNN
TNT
Tobacco Directive
Today League
Tokhtakhounov, Alimzhan
Tolbert, Bernie
Toma, Douglas
Toolson v. New York Yankees
TOP VI
TOP VII
Torino Olympics (2006)
Torino Organizing Committee (TOROC)
Toronto Blue Jays
corporate ownership of
expansion fees
price changes
Rogers Communications
team sale price and growth rates
television revenues
variable ticket pricing
Toronto Maple Leafs
Tottenham Hotspur
Tour de France
tours, of sports facilities
traditional revenue sources
trains, broadcast licensing for
Trandel, Gregory
transfer fee system
Transfer of Olympic Knowledge (TOK)
transfers. See player markets
transition players (NFL)
transparency, in collegiate athletics
TransWorld Dome
Trask, Amy
Travelcare
treasury, of Arsenal Football Club
Treaty of Amsterdam
Treehouse
“Trend Toward Principled Negotiation in Major League Baseball Collective Bargaining” (Hanson)
Tribune Corporation
trophy assets
Tropicana Field
Troy University
Trump, Donald
Trustees of the Knight Foundation
Tucker, Irvin
tuition
Turin Organizing Committee (TOROC)
Turner, Ted
Turner Broadcasting System (TBS)
Tursunov, Dmitry
Tversky, Amos
Twenty20 Cricket
“Twenty20 Cricket: An Examination of the Critical Success Factors in the Development of Competition” (Hyde and Pritchard)
U
UBA
UB Group
UCLA
Ueberroth, Peter
UEFA Champions League
UEFA Cup
Umbro
“Unbound: How a Supreme Court Decision Tore Apart Football Television and Rippled Through 25 Years of College Sports (Copeland)
uncertainty
Arsenal Football Club
competitive balance and
Union College
Union Federal Bank
Union Federal Football Center
Union of European Football Associations (UEFA)
Bosman case
globalization and
international player transfers
race
sports ratings and
Union of European Football Associations Cup
unions. See labor unions
United Center
United Football League
United National Gridiron League
United Nations (UN)
United States
amateurism in
English football leagues and
women’s soccer in
U.S. Attorney’s Office for the Eastern District of New York
U.S. Cellular Field
U.S. Congress
MLB and
public stadium financing testimony
Selig, Bud
U.S. Department of Education
U.S. Department of Health, Education and Welfare
U.S. Department of Justice
U.S. economy, positioning of sports in
United States Football League (USFL)
United States Grand Prix (GP)
U.S. House of Representatives Subcommittee on Oversight and Investigation
U.S. News and World Report
United States Olympic Committee (USOC)
U.S. Open
United States Soccer Federation (USSF)
U.S. Supreme Court
U.S. Women’s Soccer Team
United Steelworkers of America
universities. See collegiate athletics
University at Albany
University at Buffalo, the State University of New York
University Division
university faculty
University Investment Pool (UIP)
University of Alabama
University of Alabama at Birmingham
University of Arkansas
University of California at Berkley
University of Central Florida
University of Cincinnati
University of Connecticut
University of Florida
University of Georgia
University of Houston
University of Idaho
University of Louisville
University of Miami
University of Michigan
University of Michigan Athletic Department
University of Michigan Center for Postsecondary and Higher Education
University of Michigan Department of Intercollegiate Athletics
University of Michigan Golf Course
University of Minnesota
University of Nebraska
University of New Haven
University of North Carolina-Charlotte
University of Notre Dame
University of Oklahoma
University of Oregon
University of Oregon Benefactor database
University of Oregon Foundation
University of Pennsylvania
University of South Florida
University of Texas
University of Texas-El Paso
University of Tulsa
University of Virginia
University of Washington
University of Wisconsin
university presidents and trustees
unrelated business income tax (UBIT)
unrestricted free agency
“Unsportsmanlike Conduct” (Byers)
UPN
upstream pressures, in EPL
Ury, William
U.S. Airways Arena
USA Track & Field (USATF)
US Dunkerque
Usmanov, Alisher, sports interests of
Utah Skier Survey
Utah State University
V
valuation. See team valuation
value enhancements
“Value of Major League Baseball Ownership, The” (Fort)
values
Manchester United
Olympics and
sports law and
Vancouver Canucks
Vancouver Organizing Committee (VANOC)
Vanderbeek, Jeff
Vander Hill, C. Warren
van Mil, Loek
variable ticket pricing (VTP)
“Variable Ticket Pricing in Major League Baseball” (Rascher, McEvoy, Nagel, and Brown)
Varsity Tennis Center
Veeck, Bill
“Vend It Like Beckham: David Beckham’s Effect on MLS Ticket Sales” (Lawson, Sheehan, and Stephenson)
Venturi, Robert
venues. See facilities
Verizon Center
Versus
vertical integration
Veteran Cap
viability, of naming rights
Vicente, Fernando
Vickery, Alan
Victory Sports
video on demand (VOD)
Vinamilk
Vincent, Fay
Vincent, John
Virginia Rage
Virginia Tech
Virgin Media
Visa
Vodafone
Volkswagen
Vrooman, J.
W
Wadia, Ness
wage discrimination
Wages of Wins, The (Berri, Schmidt, and Brook)
Walda, John
walk-away rights
Walker, Christopher J.
Walker, Francis Amasa
Walker, Herschel
walks. See on-base percentage
Wallace, Michael
Waller, Mark
Walt Disney. See Disney
Walter Camp Commission on College Football
Walters, Norby
Walters, S.
Ward, John Montgomery
Warne, Shane
Washington Capitals
Washington Freedom
Washington Mutual
Washington Nationals
Washington Redskins
Washington Senators
Washington Wizards
Weather Channel
Weaver, Earl
Web sites. See also Internet
weighting problem
Weiner, Michael
Weinke, Chris
Weisman, Mike
Wenger, A.
Werner, Tom
Western Athletic Conference (WAC)
Westley, Wes
Weston, Maureen A.
WGN
White, Byron
White Paper on Sport
Willcocks, L.
Williams, Jack F.
Williams, Ricky
Williams, Serena
Williams, Venus
Williams College
Willoughby, Keith
Willow Foundation
Wills, Maury
Wilpon, Fred
Wilson
Wimbledon
win maximization league
winner’s curse
winner-take-all markets
winning
collegiate athletics and
competitive balance and
Moneyball and
NBA gate receipts and star players
student applications and
student quality and alumni donations
team revenues and
See also Moneyball
winning teams
Winslow, Kellen, Sr.
Winter X Games
Wirtz, Rocky
Wirtz, William
women, collegiate athletics hiring practices and
women athletes, collegiate athletics and
women coaches, gender equity and
women’s basketball. See also Women’s National Basketball Association
women’s field hockey team, doping by
Women’s National Basketball Association (WNBA)
Women’s National Basketball Players Association (WNBPA)
Women’s Professional Basketball League (WBL)
Women’s Professional Soccer
women’s rowing
women’s soccer
Women’s Soccer Initiative, Inc. (WSII)
Women’s Sports Association Professional Basketball League (WSAPBL)
Women’s Sports Foundation
women’s sports leagues. See also specific leagues
Women’s Tennis Association (WTA)
Women’s United Soccer Association (WUSA)
Women’s World Basketball Association (WWBA)
Women’s World Cup
Women’s World Hockey
Wood, William
Woods, Tiger
Wooten, John
workers, free movement of
workers’ compensation issues, in NCAA
Workplace Diversity Committee
work stoppages
World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA)
World Bank
World Baseball Classic
World Cup
World Football League (WFL)
World Hockey Association (WHA)
World Series
World Sports Group (WSG)
world team tennis
World War II
World Wrestling Federation (WWF)
worldwide expansion. See international expansion
worldwide leagues. See global leagues
worldwide player transfer. See player markets
wrestling, refereeing bias in
Wrigley, Phil
Wrigley, William
X
Xerox
XFL
XFL All Access
X Games
Y
Yahoo! Sports
Yale University
Yao Ming
Yasser, Ray
Yawkey, Tom
YES Network
Yi Jianlian
Yomiuri Corporation
Yomiuri Giants
Yongbo, Li
Yoost, Stephen M.
Yost Ice Arena
You Don’t Know Where I’ve Been (Adair)
Young, David C.
Young, Steve
youthfulness, in Manchester United sports brand
YouTube
Yulyev, Salavat
Z
Zell, Sam
Zenit St. Petersburg
Zheng Zhi
Ziets, Mitchell
Zimbalist, Andrew
“Financing and Economic Impact of the Olympic Games, The”
globalization and
“Labor Relations in Major League Baseball”
MLB collective bargaining
“Sports as Business”
Zinn, Z. M.
Zinta, Preity
Zoro, Marc
Zylstra, Warren