A |
Chemical species |
Ac |
Cross-sectional area (m2) |
Ap |
Total external surface area of particle (m2) |
ap |
External surface area of catalyst per unit bed volume (m2/m3) |
a |
Area of heat exchange per unit volume of reactor (rrr1) |
ac |
External surface area per volume of catalyst pellets (m2/m3) |
B |
Chemical species |
BA |
Flux of A resulting from bulk flow (mol / m2 · s) |
Bo |
Bodenstein number |
C |
Chemical species |
Ci |
Concentration of species i(mol/dm3) |
Çpi |
Heat capacity of species i at temperature T (cal/gmol · K) |
Cpi |
Mean heat capacity of species i between temperature T0 and temperature T (cal/mol · K) |
Ĉpi |
Mean heat capacity of species i between temperature TR and temperature T (cal/mol · K) |
c |
Total concentration (mol/dm3) (PDF Chapter 14) |
D |
Chemical species |
Da |
Damköhler number (dimensionless) |
DAB |
Binary diffusion coefficient of A in B (dm2/s) |
Da |
Dispersion coefficient (cm2/s) |
De |
Effective diffusivity (dm2/s) |
DK |
Knudsen diffusivity (dm2/s) |
D* |
Taylor dispersion coefficient |
E |
Activation energy (cal/gmol) |
(E) |
Concentration of free (unbound) enzyme (mol/dm3) |
Fi |
Molar flow rate of species i (mol/s) |
Fi0 |
Entering molar flow rate of species i (mol/s) |
f |
volumetric flow rate ratio, υ/ υ0 |
G |
Superficial mass velocity (g / dm2 · s) |
Gi |
Rate of generation of species i (mol/s) |
Gοi(T) |
Gibbs free energy of species i at temperature T (cal/gmol· K) |
Hi (T) |
Enthalpy of species i at temperature T (cal/mol i) |
Hi0(T ) |
Enthalpy of species i at temperature T0 (cal/mol i) |
Hοi |
Enthalpy of formation of species i at temperature TR (cal/gmol i) |
h |
Heat transfer coefficient (cal /m2 · s · K) |
JA |
Molecular diffusive flux of species A (mol/m2 · s) |
KA |
Adsorption equilibrium constant |
Kc |
Concentration equilibrium constant |
Ke |
Equilibrium constant (dimensionless) |
Kp |
Partial pressure equilibrium constant |
k |
Specific reaction rate (constant) |
kc |
Mass transfer coefficient (m/s) |
Mi |
Molecular weight of species i (g/mol) |
mi |
Mass of species i(g) |
Ni |
Number of moles of species i (mol) |
n |
Overall reaction order |
Nu |
Nusselt number (dimensionless) |
Pe |
Peclet number (PDF Chapter 17) |
Pi |
Partial pressure of species i (atm) |
Pr |
Prandtl number (dimensionless) |
Q |
Heat flow from the surroundings to the system (cal/s) |
R |
Ideal gas constant |
Re |
Reynolds number |
r |
Radial distance (m) |
rA |
Rate of generation of species A per unit volume (gmol A/s · dm3) |
–rA |
Rate of disappearance of species A per unit volume (mol A/s · dm3) |
−r′A |
Rate of disappearance of species A per mass of catalyst (mol A/g · s) |
−r′′A |
Rate of disappearance of A per unit area of catalytic surface (mol A/m2 · s) |
S |
An active site (Chapter 10) |
(S) |
Substrate concentration (gmol/dm3) (Chapter 7) |
Sa |
Surface area per unit mass of catalyst (m2/g) |
SD/U |
Instantaneous selectivity (Chapter 8) |
S˜D/U |
Overall selectivity of D to U |
Sc |
Schmidt number (dimensionless) (Chapter 10) |
Sh |
Sherwood number (dimensionless) (Chapter 10) |
SV |
Space velocity (s-1) |
T |
Temperature (K) |
t |
Time (s) |
U |
Overall heat transfer coefficient (cal /m2 · s · K) |
V |
Volume of reactor (dm3) |
V0 |
Initial reactor volume (dm3) |
υ |
Volumetric flow rate (dm3/s) |
υ0 |
Entering volumetric flow rate (dm3/s) |
W |
Weight of catalyst (kg) |
WA |
Molar flux of species A (mol /m2 · s) |
X |
Conversion of key reactant, A |
Yi |
Instantaneous yield of species i |
Y˜i |
Overall yield of species i |
y |
Pressure ratio P / P0 |
yi |
Mole fraction of species i |
yi0 |
0 Initial mole fraction of species i |
Z |
Compressibility factor |
z |
Linear distance (cm) |