Index

 

 

 

A

Absolute subtraction, 20

Add noise filter, 24t

Adobe software After Effects, 25f, 176f

OnLocation, 127

Photoshop, 11, 26, 195–196

After Effects software (Adobe) dynamic adjustments, 25f

Mesh War p, 38f

timing, 176f

AIFF, transcoding, 27

Algorithms sharpening, 47

speed-changing sequence, 174

tracking, 18

Aliasing, pixel fix, 98

Altemark, Mikael, 56f

Amazon S3, as storage option, 30

Analogue audio into digital, 116

overview, 109–110

waveform, 110f

AppleScript, 195–196

Apple software Compressor, 27f

Motion software, 25f

OS comparison, 31

Aspect ratios and composition, 154–155

pixels, 105, 159–161

protection, 158

video and graphics pixels, 161

Atmosphere, skies with, 164

Audio analogue and digital overview, 109–110

analogue waveform, 110f

continuity, 120–121

digital, anatomy, 111f, 110–111

digital corruption, 96

file compression, 104

masking, 188

monitoring and calibration, 113

M/S model, 118

noise reduction, 115–116

pop and click removal, 116–117

retiming, 113–114

stereo from mono, 118

stereo into surround, 119

stereophonic and multichannel, 117–118

sync correction, 114–115

transcoding, 27

volume consistency, 112–113

wave file transcoding, 27

Audio manipulation tools operations, 21t

purpose, 21

Automatic dialogue recording (ADR), 119–120

 

B

Banding, 99–100

Band of Brothers, 147

Barrel distortion correction, 36–38

example, 36f, 37f

from fisheye lens, 36f

Bass, 117–118

Bilinear interpolation, 153f

Bitrates, 102

Black and white from color, 137–138

color correction, 136–137

Blade Runner, 4

Bleach bypass example, 138f

process, 138–140

Blending modes exposure correction, 127

with layers, 11

Blue-green transfer example, 142f

process, 141–142

Blu-ray, 30

Blur filter camera filter simulation, 53t

cell phone video emulation, 90

description, 24t

with masks, 15f

sharpening, 47f

Boom, 162–163

Bowman, Doug, 180f

Brakmann, Paul No‘l, 87f

Brightness camera filter simulation, 53t

color correction, 18–19

description, 19t

dynamic adjustment, 25

frame highlight details, 125f

highlight detail loss, 125f

layering, 12–13

masking, 13–14

shadow detail loss, 126f

shot slow-down, 174

vignettes, 38–39

Broadcast video color legalization, 131

definition, 55

Budgets film look with video, 75

postproduction, 5

 

C

Cadence, video footage, 64f

Calibration audio, 113

color, 129

Calibration probes, 129

Camera filters, simulation, 53

Camera shake adding, 43–44

cell phone video emulation, 90

frame registration correction, 82

HD video emulation, 88

as problem, 41–42

removal, 42–43

security camera video emulation, 92

CD storage, 30

Cell phone video, 91f, 90–91

Censoring, objects, 163

The Cheerleading Company, 73f

Cintiq 12WX graphics tablet, 29f

Circle of confusion, 46f

Clicks filtering, 117

removal, 116–117

Clipping basic concept, 123–127

frame example, 125f

Cloning film gates removal, 83

frame registration correction, 82

lens flare, 53f

purpose, 12

tramline removal, 79–80

CLUTs, see Color lookup tables (CLUTs)

Color balance, 136

Color calibration, 129

Color casts, 136

Color change color correction, 140

keys, 17f

Color correction black and white, 136–137

bleach bypass, 138–140

blue-green transfer, 141–142

cell phone video emulation, 90–91

clipping and crushing, 123–127

color cast removal, 136

color change, 140

color into B&W, 137–138

and color space, 129–130

cross processing, 140–141

day-into-night, 146f, 143–147

description, 19t

exposure issues, 127–129

fades, 192

“film look”, 72

and flash frames, 189f

flicker reduction, 180

grain addition, 87

HD video emulation, 88

highlights and shadows, 134–135

legalization, 131–132

neutral desktops, 136

operations, 19t

practice, 19

purpose, 18

security camera video emulation, 92

sky replacement, 164

tone and contrast, 132–133

tools, 126

vibrance boost, 144f, 142–143

Color fringes characteristics, 49

example, 50f

removal, 50

removal example, 51f

Colorists, day-into-night, 143

Color lookup tables (CLUTs), 132

Color matching, 130

Color sampling, 103

Color space changing, 132

and color correction, 129–130

Color temperature, 135

Color filter, 53t

Comb filter, 23t

Compositing system, 80

Composition aspect ratio, 154–155

basic, 162

cropping, 149

definition, 13

digital scaling, 151–152

frame extension, 166–168

HD into SD, 156–157

high-quality scaling, 154

letterbox, 151

logo replacement, 164–166

object censoring, 163

object removal from shots, 162–163

pixel aspect ratio, 159–161

pixel resizing, 153f

pseudo-reflection addition, 168–169

SD into HD, 157–158

shoot and protect, 158

sky replacement, 163–164

Compression audio, 104

bitrates, 102

color sampling, 103

damage, 103–104

Compression (Continued) description, 21t

digital media, 101f

lossless, 102

overview, 101–102

Compressor software, 27f

Continuity audio, 120–121

maintenance, 187–188

Contrast black and white, 136

bleach bypass, 138

camera filters, 53t

cell phone video, 90

color correction, 18, 132–133

color legalization, 131

description, 19t

digital sharpening, 46–47

enhancement, 132–133

film like HD video, 88

histograms, 127

lens flare, 52

security camera video, 92

shot slow-down, 174

video like film, 72

Conversion lossless, 102

24 FPS footage, 196–197

video formats, 70–71

Corruption, data audio, 110

basic problem, 96

drop-out, 66

noise reduction, 115–116

pixel fix, 97

timing, 171

CPU cores, performance, 30

Credit rollers, 98

Crop frame example, 150f

purpose, 149

Cross-fade, 21t

Cross processing, color correction, 140–141

Cross-talk, 70

Crushing basic concept, 123–127

frame example, 125f

Custom transitions, 192

Cuts description, 22t

soft, characteristics, 190

 

D

Damage compression, 103–104

film, see Film damage frames, replacement, 179

video drop-out, 66

vignettes, 40

DarkAdapted, 32

Data corruption audio, 110

basic problem, 96

drop-out, 66

noise reduction, 115–116

pixel fix, 97

timing, 171

Day-into-night Band of Brothers, 147

via color correction, 146f, 143–147

dB, see Decibels (dB)

dBFS, see Decibels full scale (dBFS)

Decibels (dB), 111

Decibels full scale (dBFS) definition, 111

meter, 112f

volume consistency, 113

De-click filter, 23t

De-interlacing example, 60f

“film look”, 72

plug-ins, 60

video footage, 58–59

Delay filter, 23t

Delete, 22t

Deleted files, 97

Desaturation cell phone video emulation, 91

flicker, 180

Difference mattes, 20

Digital artifacts compression damage, 103

pixel anti-aliasing, 98

removal, 97

scaling removal, 152

Digital audio from analogue, 116

anatomy, 111f, 110–111

corruption, 96

overview, 109–110

Digital cinema projector, 29

Digital Compositing for Film and Video (Wright), 6

Digital drop-out, 67

Digital intermediates, 105

Digital Intermediates for Film & Video, 105

Digital magic, as myth, 3–4

Digital media banding reduction, 99–100

benefits, 95

compression, 101f

essence and metadata, 103

format outputs, 105–106

multiple formats, 104–105

noise reduction, 98–99

number crunching, 11

stills for print, 106–107

Digital photography frame extension, 166–168

saturation adjustment, 142

sharpening, 46–47

Digital scaling high-quality, 154

purpose, 151–152

Digital sharpening out-of-focus shots, 48–49

process, 46–47

Displays, see also Monitors as output devices, 29

Dissolves, troubleshooting, 191

Distortion, see Lens distortion

Docker, Louise, 96f

Downing, Jenny, 10f

Draw, description, 21t

Drop-out digital, 67

example, 67f

removal, 66

Duplicate frames iterations, 178

removal, 176–177

Dust cell phone video emulation, 90

and mold and watermarks, 79

on scanned film, 77–78

security camera video emulation, 92

spotting, 78

DVD scaling video, 71

as storage option, 30

Dynamic adjustments, 25

Dynamic range basic concept, 111

definition, 123

 

E

Earth, 117f, 156f, 159f, 170f, 173f, 176f, 177f, 183f, 190f

Edge detection filter, 24t

Editing, see also Sequencing continuity maintenance, 187–188

custom transition creation, 192

dissolve troubleshooting, 191

duplicate edits, 177

Editing see also Sequencing (Continued) EDL mathematics, 199

flash frame correction, 189

frame patching, 198–199

frame rate metadata, 197

invisible edit removal, 189–190

multiple pull-downs, 196

pull-down reversing, 194–196

pull-downs, 192–194

reading recommendations, 6

ripple problem, 23

vs. sequencing, 22

shot slow-down, 173–174

shot speed-up, 172

soft cuts, 190f

timecode conforming, 198

timecode troubleshooting, 197–198

24 FPS footage conversion, 196–197

vertical, 22

EDL audit trails, 178

duplicate frame removal, 177

invisible edit removal, 189

mathematics, 199

sync correction, 114

timecode conforming, 198

Electronic noise, 115–116

Equalization (EQ) filter, 23t

Escobar Studios, 54f

Essence, 103

Exothermic Photography, 36f

Expand, 21t

Exposure correction, 127–129

description, 19t

Extend, 22t

 

F

Fades associated problems, 191

color correction, 192

FAT32 file format, 30

Fernandez, Steven, 101f

Field dominance correction, 62–63

reversed, 63f

Field order, 62

Fields concept, 57

incorrect cadence, 64f

stretched, removal, 64–65

Files, recovery, 97

Film, video emulation cell phone, 91f, 90–91

characteristics, 87–88

damaged video, 89

HD, 88–90

security camera, 91–93

Film damage cell phone video emulation, 90

dust, 77–78

frame registration correction, 80–82

gates removal, 83–84

grain, 84–85

grain addition, 86–87

grain example, 84f

grain reduction, 85

HD video emulation, 88

mold and watermark example, 77f

mold and watermark removal, 78–79

overview, 75

security camera video emulation, 92

splice repair, 82–83

tramline removal, 79–80

watermark and mold, 77f

“Film look” frame example, 73f

video, 71–72

on video budget, 75–77

Film shake, 42

Filters barrel distortion, 36–37

camera simulation, 53

filtering technique, 23

out-of-focus shots, 48

plug-ins, 25

pop and click, 117

types, 23t, 24t

Fisheye lens, 36f

FLAC, transcoding, 27

Flash frames and color correction, 189f

correction, 189

Flicker causes, 180

reduction, 180–181

Focus, typical problems, 45–46

4:3 ratio, 159f

Frame rate metadata changes, 197

video format conversion, 70

Frames brightness and highlights, 125f

brightness and shadows, 126f

clipping and crushing, 125f

concept, 56

cropping, 150f, 149

damaged, replacement, 179

drop-out example, 67f

duplicate, iterations, 178

duplicate, removal, 176–177

extension, 166–168

field sync, 64f

“film look” example, 73f

flash, color correction, 189f

flash, correction, 189

highlights and shadows, 135f

as interlaced fields, 57f

missing, regeneration, 179–180

patching, 198–199

progressive scan, 58f

registration correction, 80–82

removal, repeating frames, 178

reversed field dominance, 63f

single, removal, 177–178

splice damage repair, 82

watermark damage, 77f

Francis, Andrew, 50f, 51f, 69f, 74f, 76f, 77f, 84f, 89f, 104f, 130f, 133f, 138f, 140f, 142f, 144f, 146f, 150f, 151f, 182f, 186f

Fuse, as storage option, 30

 

G

Gain, 19t, 21t

Gamma changing, 32

description, 19t

difference matte, 20

Gamut, see Color space Garbage masks, 14

Garcia, Daniel, 172f

Gates, removal, 83–84

Ghosting, see also Ringing as problem, 70

Google, Fuse, as storage option, 30

GOP, see Group of pictures (GOP)

Grain addition, 86–87

example, 84f

film, 84–85

HD video emulation, 88

reduction, 85

Graphics, pixel aspect ratio, 161

Graphics tablets, 29

Grayscale, 15f

Group of pictures (GOP), 56

 

H

Hair in the Gate, 45

Haloing, see Ringing

Hardware toolbox color correction, 126

input devices, 27–29

output devices, 29

Hardware toolbox (Continued) performance, 30–31

storage, 29–30

Hart, Paul, 39f

High-definition (HD) video aspect ratio, 154–155

color space, 130

cropping, 150f, 149

film emulation of, 88–90

format outputs, 106

letterbox, 151

non-square pixels, 161f

safe areas, 156f

scaling, 71

from SD, 157–158

into SD, 156–157

Highlights color correction, 134–135

and frame brightness, 125f

frame example, 135f

High pass filter, 23t

Histograms, color correction, 127

Holography, 30

Hotkeys, 28

Hue color correction, 18

day-into-night, 147

description, 19t

and fl icker, 181

lens flare, 52

 

I

Icon Factory, xScope software, 31f

Image editors, 11

Image files, transcoding, 27

Image quality, and film grain, 85

Imagineer, Monet, 166

Infrared, scanned film, 77

Input devices, 28–29

Insert, 22t

Interframe compression, 102

Interlaced fields, 57f

Interlacing field dominance, 62–63

video footage, 60–61

video format conversion, 70

Internet-based storage systems, 30

Interpolation pixel resizing, 153f

speed-changing sequence, 174

In the Blink of an Eye (Murch), 6

Intraframe compression, 102

Invisible edits, 189–190

iPod, 96

 

J

James, Jack, 8f, 67f, 122f, 124f, 125f, 159f

Johnson, Steve, 135f

Jordan, Lee, 34f

JPEG compression, 101–102

transcoding, 27

 

K

K. Fogle Photography, 137f

Keyboard, as input device, 28

Key-framed adjustments, 25f

Keys color change, 17f

digital noise reduction, 98

film grain reduction, 85

with mask, 17f

with overlay, 17f

purpose, 16

 

L

Lanczos interpolation, 153f

Law, Keven, 45f

Layering tools calculations with, 11

purpose, 12

LCD monitor, 29

Legalization, colors, 131–132

Lens distortion barrel correction, 36–38

correction, 35

pincushion correction, 36–38

warping tools, 38

zoom lens, 38

Lens flare characteristics, 51–52

cloning out, 53f

example, 53f

removal, 52

Letterbox, 151

LFE, see Low-frequency emitter (LFE)

Lift, 19t

Light, color temperature, 135

Limiter filter, 23t

Line-up chart example, 84f

film gates removal, 83

Linux, 30

Lloyd, Timothy, 152f

Logo replacement, 164–166

Looping, 120

Lorenzo, Maria, 94f

Lossless compression characteristics, 101

conversion, 102

Lossy compression, 101–102

Low-frequency emitter (LFE), 117–118, 119

Low pass filter, 23t

Luminance banding reduction, 100

bleach bypass, 139

color casts, 136

color sampling, 103

cross processing, 140

digital noise reduction, 98

digital sharpening, 47

flicker reduction, 180–181

keying, 16

lens flare, 52

noise reduction, 98

out-of-focus shots, 48

sharpness from noise, 49

waveform monitors, 126

 

M

Mac OS X color calibration, 129

OS comparison, 31

Magil, Andrew, 108f

Mann, Jim, 84f

Margari, Paolo, 148f

Masks audio, 188

camera filter simulation, 53t

definition, 16

for enhancements, 14f

frame registration correction, 81

garbage masks, 14

grayscale representations, 15f

image blur, 15f

and keys, 17f, 16

out-of-focus shots, 49f, 48

overlays, 15f

purpose, 13

for removals, 14f

selections, 16

tramline removal, 79, 80

Mathematics, EDL, 199

Media digital, see Digital media

evaluation, 31

and interlaced footage, 58

optical, 30

Median filter, 24t

Merz, Jessica, 42f

Mesh Warp, 38f

Metadata definition, 103

frame rate, changing, 197

Meulemans, Joel, 36f

Mice teeth, 62–63

Mid-side encoding, 118

Mid-tones day-into-night, 147

enhancement, 133

film grain, 85, 87

film like HD video, 88

noise reduction, 98

out-of-focus shots, 48

ringing reduction, 69

video like film, 72

Missing frames, 179–180

Modulation filter, 23t

Mold damage with dust fixing, 79

example, 77f

removal, 78–79

Monet (Imagineer), 166

Monitoring, audio, 113

Monitors, see also Displays gamma changes, 32

as output devices, 29

waveform, 31

Mono audio, into stereo, 118

Motion blur addition, 182

cause, 181

cell phone video emulation, 91

“film look”, 72

reduction, 182–183

security camera video emulation, 92

Motion-estimation-based algorithms, 174

Motion software, 25f

Mouse, 28

MP3 audio compression, 104

transcoding, 27

MPEG compression, 102

and GOP, 56

transcoding, 27

Multichannel audio, 117–118

Murch, Walter, 6

 

N

Nearest neighbor interpolation, 153f

Network attached storage (NAS), 30

Neutral density filter, 53t

Neutral desktops, 136

Noise audio, reduction, 115–116

banding reduction, 100

cell phone video emulation, 90

electronic, as audio problem, 115–116

“film look”, 72

HD video emulation, 88

reduction, 98–99

security camera video emulation, 92

sharpness from, 49, 49f

Nondynamic applications, Photoshop as, 26

Non-square pixels approximation, 161f

DVCProHD,161f

NTSC color legalization, 131

definition, 55

pull-downs, 192–193, 194

Number crunching, 11

 

O

Objects blurred into focus, 4

censoring, 163

color fringing, 49

extend framing, 166

motion blur reduction, 183

out-of-focus shots, 48

removal from shots, 162–163

rotoscoping, 26

tracking, 18

OnLocation (Adobe), 127

Operating systems color calibration, 129

comparison, 31

Optical media, 30

Optimus Maximus keyboard, 28f

Out-of-focus shots, 48–49

Output devices, 29

Overexposure correction, 128f, 127

Overlays with key, 17f

with masks, 15f

Oversharpening cell phone video emulation, 90

film as HD video, 88

ringing reduction, 68

techniques, 46

Overwrite, 22t

 

P

Paint tool, 11–28

PAL, 55

Pan, 21t

Panasonic, P2, 55

Peaking filter, 23t

Pearson, Anna, 155f

Performance, hardware, 30

Phase-shift, 21t

Photographic filters, 53t

Photography black and white, 136–137

books for, 10

color space, 129

color temperature, 135

digital scaling, 151–152

digital sharpening, 46–47

field delays, 57

filter simulation, 53

flicker issues, 180

focus, 45–46

frame extension, 166–168

motion blur, 181

saturation adjustment, 142

Photoshop (Adobe) as image editor, 11

as nondynamic application, 26

pull-downs, 195–196

Picture line-up generators (PLUGEs), 129

Picture manipulation, 10

Pincushion distortion correction, 36–38

example, 36f, 37f

Pitch-shift, 21t

Pixels anti-aliasing, 98

aspect ratios, 105, 159–161

banding reduction, 99–100

corruption fix, 97

resizing examples, 153f

video and graphics aspect ratios, 161

PLUGEs, see Picture line-up generators (PLUGEs)

Plug-ins de-interlacing, 60

filters, 25

Polariser filter, 53t

Pops filtering, 117

removal, 116–117

Postproduction overview anticipating problems, 5

budgets, 5

digital magic, 3–4

dust issues, 77

history and progress, 3

Printers, 29

Prints, from stills, 106–107

Progressive footage, 60

Progressive scan, 58

Protection aspect ratio, 158

16:9 for 4:3, 159f

Pseudo-reflections, 168–169

P2 (Panasonic), 55

Pull-downs methods, 192–194

multiple, 196

reversing, 194–196

Pushing Daisies, 142

 

Q

QuickTime, 27

 

R

RAM, 30

RealMovie video format, 27

Reconstruction effect, 4

Recording, video fields, 58f, 57

Rectangular pixels, 160

RED format, 55

Reflections pseudo-reflections, 168–169

realistic simulation, 168

Registration correction, 80–82

Re-interlacing, 61

Rendering issues and compression, 102

performance, 30

Repeating frames, 178

Replace, 19t, 22t

Resample, 21t

Resolution cell phone video emulation, 90

HD video emulation, 88

security camera video emulation, 92, 93

video format conversion, 70

Responsiveness high-quality scaling, 154

performance, 30

Retiming, see alsoTiming audio, 113–114

footage, 171

quickly, 175

Reverberation filter, 23t

Reversals, shot, 172

Reversed dominance, 63f

RGB values color fringes, 50

digital sharpening, 47

Ringing example, 69f

as problem, 70

reduction, 68–70

reduction example, 69f

reduction improvement, 69

Ripple description, 22t

in editing, 23

Rotoscoping, 26

 

S

Safe areas characteristics, 156

film gates removal, 83

Sampling ratio, 103

Saturation bleach bypass, 138

cell phone video emulation, 91

description, 19t

flicker, 180

lens flare, 52

security camera video, 91–93

vectorscopes, 127

vibrance boosting, 142

video like film, 72

vignettes, 40, 41, 38–39

Saving Private Ryan, 138

Scaling digital, 151–152

high-quality, 154

video, 71

Scanned film, dust, 77–78

Scratches tramline removal, 79

wire removal tools, 80

SD video, see Standard definition (SD) video

Security camera video, 91–93

Selections, masks, 16

Sequencing, see also Editing vs. editing, 22

operations, 22t

purpose, 22

Shadows color correction, 134–135

and frame brightness, 126f

frame example, 135f

Shake camera shake, 41–42

film shake, 42

soft, 43

Sharpen filter description, 24t

out-of-focus shots, 48

Sharpness digital sharpening, 46–47

focus, 45

from noise, 49, 49f

SD into HD, 157

shot slow-down, 174

Shelving filter, 23t

Shooting, aspect ratio, 158

Shots object removal, 162–163

out-of-focus, 48–49

slow down, 173–174

speed up, 172–173

time-lapsed, 184

unsteady, smoothing, 44–45

Sin City, 142

Single frames removal, 177–178

splice damage, 82

16 mm film, HD video emulation, 88–89

16:9 ratio protected for 4:3, 159f

rectangular pixels, 160

Skies with atmosphere, 164

replacement, 163–164

Skin tones color casts, 136

vibrance boost, 143

Slide, 22t

Slip, 22t

Slow down description, 22t

shot, 173–174

Slow-mo process, 179

Smoothing, unsteady shots, 44–45

Soft cuts, 190

Soft focus/diffusion filter, 53t

Soft shakes, 43

Software tools audio manipulation, 21

capabilities and limitations, 10

cloning, 12

color correction, 18, 127

composition, 13

difference matte creation, 20

dynamic adjustments, 25

filtering, 23

for gamma changes, 32

grain reduction, 86

keys, 16

layering, 12

logo replacement, 166

masks, 13

nondynamic applications, 26

number crunching, 11

overview, 9–11

paint tool, 11–28

picture manipulation, 10

rotoscoping, 26

Software tools (Continued) for scaling, 154

sequencing, 22

tracking, 18

tramline removal, 80

transcoding, 27

Sony, XDCAM, 55

Speakers, 29

Speed change, 174

Speed up description, 22t

shot, 172–173

Splice damage, 82–83

Square pixels, 160f

Stabilization, 42

Standard definition (SD) video aspect ratio, 154–155

color space, 130

cropping, 150f, 149

extending, 158

format outputs, 106

from HD, 156–157

into HD, 157–158

letterbox, 151

Starburst filter, 53t

Starfactor filter, 53t

Steadicam, 44–45

Stereophonic audio from mono, 118

M/S model, 118

overview, 117–118

into surround sound, 119

Stills, into prints, 106–107

Storage, 29

Storage area network (SAN), 30

Stretched fields, 64–65

Stuefer, Josef F., 50f

Subtraction, absolute, 20

Subwoofer, 117–118

Surreal Road, 199f

Surround pan, 21t

Surround sound, 119

Synaesthesia, 199f

Sync audio, correction, 114–115

fields and frames, 64f

and flash frames, 189f

 

T

Tape systems, 30

Telecine, 194

Television picture digital corruption, 96

safe areas, 156

1080p, 55

35 mm film, HD video emulation, 88–89

TIFF, 27

Timecodes conforming, 198

troubleshooting, 197–198

Time-lapsed shots, 184

Time-warp, footage, 174–176

Timing, see also Retiming duplicate frame removal, 176–177

flicker, 180

flicker reduction, 180–181

missing frame regeneration, 179–180

motion blur, 181

motion blur addition, 182

motion blur reduction, 182–183

repeating frame removal, 178

shot slow-down, 173–174

shot speed-up, 172–173

single frame removal, 177–178

Tint, camera filter simulation, 53t

Tone black and white, 136

color casts, 136

color correction, 132–133

color legalization, 131

enhancement, 132–133

vibrance boost, 143

Tracking tools, 18

Tramlines, 79–80

Transcoding, formats, 27

Transitions, custom creation, 192

Trim, 22t

Troubleshooting dissolves, 191

timecodes, 197–198

24 FPS footage, conversion, 196–197

 

U

Ultrasound, 77

Underexposure correction, 128f, 127

Unsteady shot smoothing, 44–45

UV filter, 53t

 

V

Vectorscopes color correction, 127

purpose, 31

Venni, Fabi, 2f

Vertical editing, 22

Vibrance boosting, 144f, 142–143

Video broadcast, 55, 131

cell phone, 91f, 90–91

definition, 55

de-interlacing, 58–59

drop-out removal, 66

field dominance, 62–63

fields, 58f, 57

“film look”, 71–72, 75–77

format conversion, 70–71

frame example, 73f

frames, 56

ghosting and cross-talk, 70

GOP, 56

HD, see High-definition (HD) video incorrect cadence, 64f

interlacing, 60–61

pixel aspect ratio, 161

progressive scan, 58

re-interlacing, 61

reversed field dominance, 63f

ringing example, 69f

ringing reduction, 68–70

ringing reduction example, 69f

scaling, 71

SD, see Standard definition (SD) video security camera, 91–93

stretched field removal, 64–65

Video emulation cell phones, 91f, 90–91

damaged video, 89

with film, 89f, 87–88

security cameras, 91–93

Video file transcoding, 27

Video scopes, 126

Vignettes adding, 40

basic problem, 38–39

removal, 40–41

on simple pattern, 39f

Visual effects, 4

Visual toolbox, 31–32

Volume consistency, 112–113

 

W

Warping tools, 38

Water, scanned film, 77

Watermark with dust fixing, 79

example, 77f

removal, 78–79

security camera video emulation, 92

Wave audio files, 27

Waveform monitors color correction, 126

purpose, 31

Windows color calibration, 129

OS comparison, 31

Window's Media, file transcoding, 27

Wire removal tools, 80

Wright, Steve, 6

 

X

XDCAM (Sony), 55

xScope software, 31f

 

Z

Zoom lens distortion, 38