Index

  1.  
  2. a
  3. absorbed glass mat (AGM VRLA)
  4. ac microgrid
    1. components
    2. distributed generation
    3. fixed and flexible loads
    4. fully centralized control
    5. fully decentralized approach
    6. interconnected mode
    7. islanded mode operation
    8. primary control
    9. secondary control
    10. tertiary control
  5. ac module inverter
  6. active frequency drift (AFD)
  7. active solar heating systems
    1. direct circulation systems
    2. indirect circulation systems
  8. active stall power control, of wind turbines
  9. ac-to-dc converters
    1. single-phase diode bridge rectifiers
    2. single-phase fully controlled rectifiers
    3. single-phase uncontrolled half-wave converter
    4. three-phase full-wave bridge diode rectifiers
    5. three-phase fully controlled bridge converter
  10. actuator disc model, of wind turbines
  11. AD see anaerobic digestion (AD)
  12. adjustable speed generators (ASGs)
  13. advanced carbon lead–acid battery
  14. aerodynamic brakes
  15. AFC see alkaline fuel cell (AFC)
  16. agriculture residues
  17. air heating systems, solar
  18. air turbines
  19. alkaline fuel cell (AFC)
    1. in Apollo space shuttle
    2. carbon-supported catalysts
    3. drawbacks
    4. lifetime
    5. schematic representation
  20. amorphous silicon (a-Si) solar cells
  21. amplitude modulation index
  22. anaerobic digestion (AD)
    1. acetic acid and carbon dioxide
    2. for dairy manure
    3. direct combustion biomass power plant
    4. mesophilic and thermophilic conditions
    5. stages
  23. angle of incidence
  24. Angstrom electrical compensation pyrheliometer
  25. aquifer underground pumped hydroelectric energy storage
  26. Archimedes wave swing (AWS) device
  27. automatic solar tracker design
  28.  
  29. b
  30. Bacon fuel cells see alkaline fuel cell (AFC)
  31. batch-type biogas plants
  32. Bernoulli's equation see conservation of energy
  33. Betz's coefficient
  34. binary cycle power plant
  35. biochemical/biological conversion
    1. anaerobic digestion
    2. definition
    3. fermentation
  36. biofuel resources
  37. biogas plants
    1. fixed-dome-type
    2. floating drum/constant pressure type
    3. slurry level
  38. biomass
    1. biochemical/biological conversion
    2. biofuel resources
    3. biogas plants
    4. conversion process
    5. electricity generation
    6. energy
    7. feedstocks
    8. mechanical extraction
    9. methods
    10. municipal solid waste
    11. production
    12. thermochemical conversion
  39. biostil process
  40. bipolar junction transistor (BJT)
  41. braking systems, for wind turbine generating system
  42. Brayton cycle
  43.  
  44. c
  45. cadmium sulfide (CdS) photoresistor
  46. cadmium telluride (CdTe) solar cells
  47. cage-type induction generator
  48. Campbell–Stokes sunshine recorder
  49. Carnot cycle
  50. cascaded multicell inverter (CMCI)
  51. catalysts for PEM fuel cell
  52. cellulosic ethanol
  53. centralized inverter
  54. central receiver concentrating solar power plants
  55. centrifugal pumps
  56. charcoal production with pyrolysis
  57. chemical storage (batteries)
    1. advanced battery energy storage
    2. compressed air energy storage
    3. lead–acid batteries
  58. Clausius statement
  59. climate change
  60. CO2 emissions
  61. combined ac/dc microgrid
    1. autonomous mode
    2. modelling of three-phase transmission lines
    3. operation and control
  62. combined heat and power (CHP) plants
  63. compact linear Fresnel reflector (CLFR) technology
  64. compound parabolic concentrator (CPC)
  65. compressed air energy storage (CAES)
  66. concentrated solar–thermal desalination plants
  67. concentrating photovoltaic systems
  68. concentrating type solar collectors
    1. cylindrical trough collector
    2. heliostat field collector
    3. linear Fresnel reflector
    4. parabolic collectors
    5. parabolic dish reflector
    6. parabolic trough collector
  69. condition monitoring system (CMS), for wind turbines
  70. conservation of energy
  71. conservation of mass
  72. conservation of momentum
  73. constant pressure type plants see floating drum plants
  74. constant-voltage (CV) method
  75. constant volume type plants see fixed-dome-type biogas plant
  76. continuous-type biogas plants
  77. copper indium diselenide (CIS) solar cell
  78. copper indium gallium diselenide (CIGS) solar cell
  79. copper indium selenide technology
  80. Coriolis force
  81. CPC see compound parabolic concentrator (CPC)
  82. cross-draft gasifiers
  83. cross-flow turbine
  84. crystalline silicon (c-Si) thin film solar cells
  85. current source inverter (CSI), three-phase
  86. cylindrical trough collector (CTC)
  87. Czochralski (CZ) crystal growth process
  88.  
  89. d
  90. Darrieus-type wind turbine
  91. dc microgrid
    1. application of
    2. control methods
    3. energy storage system
    4. grid-connected operation mode
    5. islanding operating modes
    6. layout
    7. power electronics technology
    8. static storage integration
  92. dc-to-ac converters
    1. multiple-pulse-width modulation
    2. single-phase current source inverters
    3. single-phase voltage source bridge inverter
    4. single-pulse-width modulation
    5. sinusoidal-pulse-width modulation
    6. square-wave PWM inverter
    7. three-phase voltage source inverters
  93. declination angle (δ)
  94. DERs see distributed energy resources (DERs)
  95. desalination, of water
  96. diffused solar radiation
  97. diode-clamped multilevel inverters
  98. direct/beam radiation
  99. direct combustion steam turbine system
  100. direct-drive conversion system
  101. direct-flow evacuated tube collectors
  102. direct methanol fuel cell (DMFC)
    1. applications
    2. CO removal
    3. methanol crossover rate
    4. vs. PEMFC
    5. schematic representation
  103. distributed energy resources (DERs)
  104. DMFC see direct methanol fuel cell (DMFC)
  105. doping process
  106. double-flash power plant
  107. double-sided linear permanent magnet synchronous machine
  108. doubly fed induction generator (DFIG)
    1. above and below synchronous speed
    2. braking systems
    3. equivalent circuit of
    4. operation of
    5. schematic illustration
    6. for super-synchronous speed operation
  109. downdraft gasifiers
  110. drain-back hot water system
  111. dry steam power plants
  112. dye-sensitized solar cells (DSCs) see also solar cells
  113.  
  114. e
  115. electrically excited synchronous generator (WRSG) see permanent magnet synchronous generator (PMSG)
  116. electric double-layer capacitors (EDLC) see supercapacitors
  117. electricity production from wood and solid biomass
  118. electrochemical capacitors see supercapacitors
  119. electrodynamic braking systems
  120. electrolytes for SOFC
  121. electromechanical storage
    1. compressed air energy storage
    2. flywheel storage
    3. pumped hydro storage system
    4. underground pumped hydroelectric energy storage
  122. energy conversion
  123. energy crops
  124. energy sources
    1. and environmental impact
    2. non-renewable
    3. renewable
  125. energy storage technologies
    1. chemical storage (batteries)
    2. electromechanical storage
      1. compressed air energy storage
      2. flywheel storage
      3. pumped hydro storage system
      4. underground pumped hydroelectric energy storage
    3. hydrogen
    4. supercapacitors
    5. superconducting magnetic energy storage
    6. thermal energy storage
    7. wind power generation system with
  126. enhanced geothermal systems (EGS)
  127. enthalpy
  128. environmental impact
    1. of wind energy systems
      1. aerodynamic noise
      2. electromagnetic interference
      3. mechanical noise
      4. swishing sound
  129. equivalent circuit
    1. of doubly fed induction generator
    2. of induction machine
    3. of permanent magnet synchronous generator
    4. photovoltaic solar cells
  130. evacuated tube collectors
    1. direct-flow
    2. heat-pipe
  131. extrinsic semiconductor
  132.  
  133. f
  134. fast pyrolysis system
  135. feedback diodes
  136. fermentation
  137. first law of thermodynamics
  138. five-level capacitor-clamped inverter
  139. five-level diode-clamped inverter
  140. fixed-dome-type biogas plant
  141. flat-plate collectors
    1. number of cover sheets
    2. schematic illustration
    3. thermal performance of
  142. floating drum plants
  143. float method
  144. flow batteries
  145. fluid dynamics
    1. conservation of energy
    2. conservation of mass
    3. conservation of momentum
  146. fluidized-bed boiler
  147. fluidized-bed gasifier
  148. flying-capacitor multilevel inverters
  149. flywheel energy storage system
  150. food and industrial wastes
  151. forebay tank
  152. forest industries
  153. forest residues
  154. forest thinnings
  155. fossil fuels
    1. benefits of
  156. Francis turbine
  157. frequency bias method see active frequency drift (AFD)
  158. frequency modulation ratio
  159. fuel cells
    1. alkaline
    2. application in automobile industry
    3. applications
    4. direct methanol
    5. liquid cooling
    6. molten carbonate
    7. phosphoric acid
    8. portable applications
    9. proton exchange membrane
    10. separate airflow cooling
    11. solid oxide fuel cell
    12. stacks
    13. stationary power applications
    14. steady-state model
    15. technologies
    16. types of
  160. full-wave bridge rectifier, advanatages of
  161.  
  162. g
  163. gasification
    1. applications
    2. cross-draft gasifiers
    3. downdraft gasifiers
    4. flow diagram
    5. fluidized-bed gasifier
    6. updraft gasifier
  164. gas reserves
  165. gate turn-off (GTO) thyristor
  166. gel batteries (GEL VRLA)
  167. geochemical techniques
    1. drilling
    2. gas geothermometers
    3. isotopes
    4. solute geothermometers
  168. geopressured resources
  169. geothermal energy
    1. combined heat and power plants
    2. combined/hybrid plants
    3. direct use
    4. electrical methods
    5. environmental impact
    6. geochemical techniques
    7. geopressured resources
    8. hard rock resources
    9. hydrothermal resources
    10. magnetic measurements
    11. methods
    12. origin of
    13. resources see geothermal resources
    14. thermal methods
  170. geothermal resources
    1. binary cycle power plant
    2. double-flash power plant
    3. dry steam power plants
    4. electricity generation
    5. energy content
    6. physical parameters
    7. single-flash steam power plant
    8. types of
  171. global warming, impacts of
  172. greenhouse effect
  173. grid-connected operational modes
    1. ac microgrid
      1. fully centralized and decentralized controls
      2. three-level hierarchical control
    2. dc microgrid
  174. grid-connected photovoltaic (PV) systems
    1. with battery storage
    2. bipolar inverter
    3. filters for
    4. functions
    5. galvanic isolation
    6. H-bridge inverter
    7. high-frequency transformer
    8. inner current loop
    9. inverters selection
    10. islanding detection methods
    11. line-frequency transformer
    12. power decoupling
    13. side dc/dc converter
    14. single-phase control
    15. synchronization
    16. three-phase control
    17. transformerless systems
    18. without battery storage
  175. grid-connected wind energy system
    1. doubly fed induction generator
    2. grid integration
    3. PMSG-based wind energy conversion system
  176. grid-connected wind energy system (contd.)
    1. power electronics
    2. variable-speed operation
  177. grid-scale energy storage see energy storage technologies
  178.  
  179. h
  180. hard dry rock resources
  181. HAWTs see horizontal-axis wind turbines (HAWTs)
  182. heat-pipe evacuated tube collectors
  183. heliostat field collector (HFC)
  184. high-speed flywheel-based energy systems
  185. high-temperature magnesium–antimony liquid metal battery
  186. hill-climbing techniques see perturb and observe (P&O) algorithm
  187. horizontal-axis wind turbines (HAWTs)
    1. advantages and disadvantages
    2. downwind wind turbine
    3. drag-type wind turbine
    4. drive train
    5. lift-type wind turbine
    6. nacelle
    7. towers of
    8. turbine blades of
    9. upwind wind turbine
    10. with wake rotation
      1. annular stream tube model
      2. optimal tip speed ratio
      3. tip speed ratio
  188. hot dry rock resources
  189. hotspots
  190. hour angle (ω)
  191. HPP see hydropower plants (HPP)
  192. hydraulic PTO systems
  193. hydraulic turbine
  194. hydrogen adsorption, in metal hydrides
  195. hydrogen energy storage technologies
  196. hydrogen storage
  197. hydropower plants (HPP)
    1. classification
    2. design of
    3. generation
    4. generators
    5. hydroelectric station
    6. large and small systems
    7. resource assessment
      1. direct and indirect methods
      2. float method
      3. flow records
      4. velocity area method
    8. system components
    9. turbines see turbines
  198. hydrothermal resources
    1. geothermal reservoir
    2. vapour-dominated systems
    3. water-dominated systems
  199.  
  200. i
  201. impedance measurement method
  202. impulse turbines
    1. cross-flow turbine
    2. Pelton turbine
    3. turgo turbine
  203. incremental conductance (IC) algorithm
  204. induction generator
  205. induction generators, for wind energy conversion systems
    1. DFIG systems
    2. equivalent circuit of induction machine
    3. for limited variable-speed turbine
    4. operating conditions
    5. torque–slip characteristics
    6. wound-rotor induction machine
  206. insolation
  207. insulated gate bipolar transistor (IGBT)
    1. advantages
    2. high-power applications
    3. n-channel equivalent circuit
  208. integrated collector storage system
  209. interior permanent magnet machine
  210. internal energy
  211. inverters, for PV system
    1. ac module
    2. central
    3. grid-side
    4. multi-string
    5. string
  212. islanding detection techniques
    1. active frequency drift method
    2. impedance measurement method
    3. remote and local techniques
    4. Sandia frequency shift
    5. slip-mode frequency shift method
  213.  
  214. j
  215. Joule's law
  216.  
  217. k
  218. Kaplan turbine
  219. Kelvin–Planck statement
  220.  
  221. l
  222. laminar flow
  223. latent heat storage (LHS)
  224. latitude
  225. light-activated SCR (LASCR)
  226. linear Fresnel reflector (LFR)
  227. linear generators
  228. linear induction generators
  229. linear permanent magnet synchronous machine
    1. advantages
    2. characteristics
    3. double-sided
    4. transverse-flux permanent magnet
    5. vernier hybrid generator
  230. line-commutated converters
  231. liquefaction
  232. liquid cooling
  233. liquid metal battery
  234. lithium–antimony–lead (Li-Sb-Pb) battery
  235. lithium-ion batteries
  236. load frequency control (LFC), in microgrids
  237.  
  238. m
  239. magma
  240. matrix converters
  241. maximizing power output, of photovoltaic array
    1. load matching, for optimal operation
    2. simple automatic solar tracker design
    3. solar trackers
    4. tracking methods
  242. maximum power point tracking algorithm
    1. constant-voltage method
    2. incremental conductance algorithm
    3. perturb and observe algorithm
  243. MCFC see molten carbonate fuel cell (MCFC)
  244. mechanical extraction
  245. memory effect
  246. metal–oxide–semiconductor field-effect transistor
  247. microgrids
    1. ac
    2. centralized and decentralized controls
    3. combined ac/dc
    4. dc see dc microgrid
    5. definition
    6. distribution system
    7. islanding detection techniques
    8. load frequency control
    9. single and multi-master operations
    10. stability analysis
    11. types of
    12. unplanned islanding process
  248. micromorph tandem solar cells
  249. molten carbonate fuel cell (MCFC)
  250. monocrystalline solar cells see also solar cells
  251. MSW see municipal solid waste (MSW)
  252. multi-junction solar cells see also solar cells
  253. multilevel inverters
    1. cascaded multicell inverter
    2. diode-clamped
    3. features of
    4. flying-capacitor
    5. structure of
  254. multiple-pulse-width modulation
  255. multi-stage flash (MSF) process
  256. multi-string inverters
  257. municipal solid waste (MSW)
    1. combustion gases
    2. composition of
    3. grate systems
  258.  
  259. n
  260. NDZ see Non-detection zone (NDZ)
  261. neutral-point clamped multilevel inverters
  262. Newton's second law of motion, for fluids
  263. nickel–cadmium (NiCd) batteries
  264. nickel–metal hydride (NiMH) batteries
  265. nickel–zinc (NiZn) batteries
  266. non-concentrating type solar collectors
    1. evacuated tube collectors
    2. flat-plate collectors
  267. non-detection zone (NDZ)
  268. non-renewable energy resources
  269.  
  270. o
  271. ocean
    1. energy of tides
    2. high and low tides
    3. Newton's law
    4. piezoelectric generators
    5. power takeoff systems
    6. spring and neap tides
    7. support structure
    8. thermal energy conversion
    9. tidal energy
    10. turbine technologies
    11. wave energy
  272. ocean thermal energy conversion (OTEC)
    1. closed-cycle system
    2. hybrid system
    3. open-cycle system
    4. technology
  273. offshore wind turbines
    1. advantages
    2. electrical connection and installation
    3. foundation system
    4. operation and maintenance
    5. technical modifications and system upgrades
  274. oil reserves
  275. organic photovoltaics (OPVs)
  276. oscillating body converters
  277. oscillating water column
  278. overtopping converters/terminators
  279.  
  280. p
  281. PACF see phosphoric acid fuel cell (PACF)
  282. parabolic collectors
  283. parabolic dish reflector
  284. parabolic trough collector (PTC)
  285. parallel resonant inverters
  286. partially molten rock see magma
  287. passive batch solar water heating
  288. passive stall power control, of wind turbines
  289. Pelton turbine
  290. PEM see proton exchange membrane (PEM) fuel cell
  291. PEMFC see proton exchange membrane (PEM) fuel cell
  292. penstock
  293. per capita annual energy consumption
  294. permanent magnet synchronous generator (PMSG)
    1. advantages
    2. axial-flux machines
    3. cost of
    4. current-source converter topology
    5. direct power conversion
    6. equivalent circuit
    7. interior/buried permanent magnet type
    8. modelling of
    9. MPPT controller
    10. radial-flux machines
    11. surface permanent magnet type
  295. perturb and observe (P&O) algorithm
  296. phase-changing materials (PCMs)
  297. phase control method
  298. phase-leg capacitor-clamped inverter
  299. phase-locked loop (PLL)
  300. phosphoric acid fuel cell (PACF)
  301. photovoltaic (PV) array
    1. design of
    2. maximizing power output of
      1. load matching, for optimal operation
      2. simple automatic solar tracker design
      3. solar trackers
      4. tracking methods
    3. power curve of
  302. photovoltaic effect
  303. photovoltaic energy systems
  304. photovoltaic power
  305. photovoltaic solar cells see also solar cells
    1. characteristics
      1. equivalent circuit
      2. PV array
      3. schematic illustration
      4. series and parallel connections
      5. solar PV module
      6. solar PV panel
    2. semiconductor technology
  306. photovoltaic (PV) system see grid-connected photovoltaic (PV) systems
  307. piezoelectric generators
    1. electrical circuit
    2. power extraction system
    3. schematic representation
  308. pitch control, of wind turbines
  309. plasma-enhanced chemical vapour deposition (PECVD)
  310. PMSG see Permanent magnet synchronous generator (PMSG)
  311. point-absorber wave energy converter
  312. polycrystalline silicon cells
  313. power conditioning system (PCS)
  314. power decoupling
  315. power electronic converters
    1. ac-to-dc converters
    2. dc-to-ac converters
    3. matrix converters
    4. multilevel inverters
    5. resonant converters
    6. semiconductor devices
  316. power semiconductor devices
    1. gate turn-off thyristor
    2. insulated gate bipolar transistor
    3. p–n diodes
    4. power bipolar junction transistor
    5. power MOSFET
    6. thyristor
  317. power takeoff (PTO) systems
    1. air turbines
    2. direct drive
    3. hydraulic systems
    4. inverted pendulum
    5. water turbines
  318. power transistors
    1. bipolar junction transistor
    2. insulated gate bipolar transistor
    3. metal–oxide–semiconductor field-effect transistor
  319. pressurized hydrogen technology
  320. propeller turbine
  321. propeller-type horizontal-axis wind turbines (HAWTs)
  322. proton exchange membrane (PEM) fuel cell
    1. catalysts for
    2. definition of
    3. electrochemical reactions
    4. fuel requirement
    5. hydrogen storage
    6. property
    7. reforming technologies
    8. water management
  323. pumped hydro storage (PHS) system
  324. pyranometer
  325. pyrheliometer
  326. pyrolysis
    1. biomass cycle
    2. charcoal production
    3. fast pyrolysis
    4. slow pyrolysis
    5. torrefaction
  327.  
  328.  
  329. r
  330. radiation meters, sources of errors
  331. Rankine cycle
  332. reaction turbine
    1. Kaplan turbine
    2. propeller
    3. reverse pump
  333. reciprocating hydrofoils
  334. redox flow battery (RFB)
  335. renewable energy sources
    1. benefits
    2. biomass
    3. geothermal energy
    4. hydrogen
    5. hydropower
    6. solar energy
    7. wind energy
  336. renewable energy system, technologies for
  337. resonant converters
    1. parallel resonant inverter
    2. resonant dc-link inverters
    3. series resonant converters
    4. zero-current switching
    5. zero-voltage switching
  338. resonant dc-link inverters
  339. reverse pump turbine
  340. runaway speed
  341. run-of-the-river hydropower systems
    1. diversion Weir
    2. forebay tank
    3. penstock
    4. pictorial representation
    5. power plant
    6. spillways
    7. water conductor system/channels
  342.  
  343. s
  344. Sandia frequency shift (SFS)
  345. secondary load-frequency control, of microgrid
  346. second law of thermodynamics
    1. Clausius statement
    2. coefficient of performance
    3. heat engine
    4. heat pump
    5. heat pump and heat engine
    6. Kelvin–Planck statement
    7. thermal reservoir
  347. sensible heat storage (SHS) systems
  348. series resonant converters
  349. side intake with/without Weir
  350. silicon
  351. silicon controlled rectifier (SCR) see thyristor
  352. simple automatic solar tracker design
  353. sine–triangle pulse-width modulation (STPWM) control method
  354. single-flash steam power plant
  355. single-phase current source inverters
  356. single-phase diode bridge rectifiers
  357. single-phase fully controlled rectifiers
  358. single-phase generator
  359. single-phase grid-connected PV systems
    1. block diagram
    2. configuration of
    3. grid-side inverter control
    4. inner current loop
    5. side dc/dc converter control
  360. single-phase uncontrolled half-wave converter
  361. single-phase voltage source bridge inverter
  362. single-pulse-width modulation
  363. sinusoidal-pulse-width modulation
  364. sinusoidal PWM three-phase inverter
  365. slip-mode frequency shift (SMS) method
  366. slip ring induction motor, with rotor resistance control.
  367. small hydropower plant see hydropower plants (HPP)
  368. SOFC see solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC)
  369. solar-cell pyranometers
  370. solar cells
    1. crystalline
      1. monocrystalline solar cells
      2. polycrystalline silicon cells
      3. silicon solar cells
    2. thin-film
  371. solar energy
    1. applications
      1. active solar systems
      2. air heating systems
      3. integrated collector storage systems
      4. solar water heating
      5. thermosiphon systems
    2. spectral distribution
    3. thermal power generation
    4. utilization of
  372. solar irradiance
  373. solar PV systems
    1. grid-connected photovoltaic systems
      1. with battery storage
      2. without battery storage
    2. stand-alone system
      1. design and control of
      2. schematic illustration
  374. solar radiations
    1. on different Earth surfaces
      1. angle of incidence
      2. declination angle
      3. hour angle
      4. latitude
      5. solar time
      6. surface Azimuth Angle
      7. tilt angle
      8. Zenith and Zenith angle
    2. on Earth
    3. on inclined surface
    4. measurement of
      1. pyranometer
      2. pyrheliometer
      3. radiation meters, sources of errors
      4. sunshine recorder
    5. wavelength band of
  375. solar thermal approach, advantages of
  376. solar thermal systems
    1. concentrating type solar collectors
      1. cylindrical trough collector
      2. heliostat field collector
      3. linear Fresnel reflector
      4. parabolic collectors
      5. parabolic dish reflector
      6. parabolic trough collector
    2. non-concentrating type solar collectors
      1. evacuated tube collectors
      2. flat-plate collectors
    3. residential and industrial applications
  377. solar time
  378. solar tracker design
  379. solar water heating
  380. solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC)
    1. characteristics
    2. discovery
    3. electrolytes
    4. principle of operation
  381. specific heat
  382. spectral distribution, of solar energy
  383. spillways
  384. square-wave PWM inverter
  385. squirrel-cage induction generator (SCIG)
  386. Staebler–Wronski effect
  387. stall power control, of wind turbines
  388. steady-state fuel cell model
  389. steam pressurization systems
  390. stoker boilers
  391. string inverter
  392. sunshine recorder
  393. supercapacitors
    1. advantage
    2. disadvantages
    3. equivalent capacitance
    4. equivalent circuit
    5. equivalent series resistance
    6. principle
  394. superconducting magnetic energy storage (SMES) system
  395. surface Azimuth Angle (Y)
  396.  
  397. t
  398. thermal energy storage (TES)
    1. definition
    2. latent heat storage
    3. sensible heat storage
    4. for solar thermal power plants
    5. thermochemical storage
  399. thermochemical conversion
    1. combustion
    2. gasification
    3. liquefaction
    4. pyrolysis
  400. thermochemical energy storage systems
  401. thermodynamic power cycles
    1. Brayton cycle
    2. Carnot cycle
    3. Rankine cycle
  402. thermodynamics
    1. definition
    2. enthalpy
    3. first law
    4. internal energy
    5. second law
    6. specific heat
    7. thermodynamic state of a system
    8. third law
    9. zeroth law
  403. thermoelectric pyranometer
  404. thermosiphon systems
  405. thin-film solar cells
    1. amorphous silicon
    2. cadmium telluride films
    3. CIS technology
    4. copper indium diselenide
    5. copper indium gallium diselenide
    6. crystalline silicon
  406. third law of thermodynamics
  407. three-level capacitor-clamped inverter
  408. three-level diode-clamped inverter
  409. three-phase full-wave bridge diode rectifiers
  410. three-phase fully controlled bridge converter
  411. three-phase generator
  412. three-phase grid-connected utility-scale systems
  413. three-phase voltage source inverters
  414. thyristor
    1. forced commutation
    2. line/natural commutation
    3. load commutation
    4. static V-I characteristics
    5. voltage commutation
  415. tidal energy
    1. dynamic tidal power generation
    2. hydroelectric power plant
    3. tidal barrage power
    4. tidal barrage technology
    5. tidal range power
    6. tidal stream power
  416. tidal technology structure
    1. floating foundations
    2. gravity base structures
    3. piled structures
  417. tilt angle (β)
  418. time equation
  419. torrefaction
  420. total energy consumption
    1. in industrialized country
    2. renewable energy share
  421. transverse-flux permanent magnet (TFPM) machine
  422. tubular permanent magnet linear wave generator (TPMLWG)
  423. turbines
    1. classes of
    2. conventional pumps
    3. impulse
    4. power
    5. reaction
    6. speed of
  424. turbine technologies
    1. horizontal-axis turbines
    2. reciprocating hydrofoils
    3. vertical-axis turbines
  425. turgo turbine
  426.  
  427. u
  428. UltraBattery
  429. ultracapacitors see supercapacitors
  430. underground pumped hydroelectric energy storage
  431. updraft gasifier
  432.  
  433. v
  434. valve-regulated lead–acid (VRLA) batteries
  435. vapour-dominated systems
  436. variable frequency control method
  437. VAWTs see vertical-axis wind turbines (VAWTs)
  438. velocity area method
  439. vernier hybrid generator
  440. vertical-axis wind turbines (VAWTs)
    1. advantages
    2. disadvantages
    3. drive train
    4. nacelle
    5. towers
    6. turbine blades
  441. VRLA batteries see valve-regulated lead–acid (VRLA) batteries
  442.  
  443. w
  444. water conductor system/channels
  445. water-dominated systems
  446. water flow rate
  447. water management, in PEMFC
  448. water turbines
  449. wave energy
    1. advantages
    2. converters
    3. and power
  450. wind
    1. energy and power in
    2. energy distribution curve
    3. origin of
    4. power potential
  451. wind energy conversion (WEC) system
    1. components of
    2. generator types
    3. induction generators
    4. linear induction generators
    5. linear PM synchronous machine
    6. permanent magnet synchronous generator
    7. tubular permanent magnet linear wave generator
  452. wind energy conversion systems (WECS)
    1. with doubly fed induction generator
    2. permanent magnet synchronous generators
    3. power generation capacity
    4. systems without power electronics
    5. wound rotor synchronous generators
  453. wind farm control, of wind turbines
  454. wind turbines see also grid-connected wind energy system
    1. active stall power control
    2. aerodynamics of
      1. actuator disc model
      2. momentum theory
    3. components of
      1. control system
      2. drive train
      3. nacelle
      4. towers
      5. turbine blades
    4. condition monitoring system
    5. environmental impact of
    6. generators for
    7. horizontal-axis
    8. offshore
    9. operational control
    10. passive stall power control
    11. pitch control
    12. subsystem control
    13. supervisory control
    14. vertical-axis
    15. wind farm control
    16. yaw control
  455. wound-rotor induction machine
    1. electronic control of rotor resistance
    2. slip ring induction motor, with rotor resistance control
    3. three-phase windings
    4. torque–slip characteristic
  456.  
  457.  
  458. y
  459. yaw control, of wind turbines
  460.  
  461. z
  462. Zenith and Zenith angle
  463. zero-crossing method
  464. zero-current switching (ZCS) resonant converters
  465. zeroth law of thermodynamics
  466. zero-voltage switching (ZVS) resonant converters
  467. zinc bromine flow battery
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