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Oracle WebLogic Server 11gR1 PS2: Administration Essentials
by Michel Schildmeijer
Oracle WebLogic Server 11gR1 PS2: Administration Essentials
Oracle WebLogic Server 11gR1 PS2: Administration Essentials
Oracle WebLogic Server 11gR1 PS2: Administration Essentials
Credits
About the Author
About the Reviewers
www.PacktPub.com
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Preface
What this book covers
What you need for this book
Who this book is for
Conventions
Reader feedback
Customer support
Downloading the example code
Errata
Piracy
Questions
1. Oracle WebLogic: Your First Step into the Middleware World!
The very first steps into middleware
The pre-middleware era
What is a middleware environment?
The Java EE Application Server
The case: Your company needs middleware!
The Oracle Fusion Middleware Solution
From OC4J to WebLogic
Oracle WebLogic architecture and terminology
Oracle WebLogic: A JEE Server
Oracle WebLogic technology facts
The WebLogic domain structure
Administration Server
Managed Servers
Resources
Oracle WebLogic a JEE server… but what is JEE?
The JEE distributed system
JEE Resources
Java Servlets
Java Server Pages (JSP)
Java Naming and Directory Interface (JNDI)
Enterprise JavaBeans (EJB)
Java Database Connectivity (JDBC)
Java Transaction API (JTA)
Java Message Service (JMS)
Java Authentication and Authorization Service (JAAS)
JMX
Java EE Connector Architecture (JCA)
Secondary components in the JEE architecture
HTTP clients and servers
Proxy servers
Firewalls
Key players in the middleware market
IBM WebSphere
TIBCO
SAP
Open source-like Apache Software Foundation
The big day: Presenting your research!
Presentation to the board
Decisions to make
Your presentation…
Summary
2. The Beginning: Planning and Installation
Choosing your hardware
Operating system
Other prerequisites
Preparing your installation
Different types of installers
Choosing your installation mode
GUI-based installation for WLS 10.3.3
Considerations/best practices
Installation done
Installation in console mode
Silent and scripted installation
What is a silent mode installation?
Silent installation: step by step
Generating a silent XML file
Running the silent installation
Using a pre-installed Java home
Exit codes
Scripted installations
Summary
3. Oracle WebLogic Software Installed; What's Next?
The next steps
The WebLogic domain
Creating and configuring a domain
Different modes explained
The domain's directory structure
Domain creation explained: Domain templates
Different types of templates
The pack command
Other ways of domain creation
Console-based domain creation
Domain creation with the WebLogic Scripting Tool (WLST)
Server and domain start scripts
An important configuration file: config.xml
WebLogic Domain restrictions
Other Domain resources
Summary
4. Getting in Control: Operation Basics
Getting started: Start your WebLogic domain
Using the startup script (startWebLogic)
Using the java weblogic.Server command
Using the Windows Start menu
Using WLST with and without Node Manager
Starting other servers using the WebLogic Admin console
Things to know before starting up for the first time
Boot identity issues
Using java weblogic.Server command to create a Boot Identity file
Alternative to boot.properties
Keeping boot.properties at user-defined location
Server states and transitions
An overview of Server states and transitions
Stopping the WebLogic Server
Ease of use: The Administration Console
Components of the Administration Console
The Change Center
The Domain Structure
The System Status
Breadcrumbs
Disabling and enabling the Administration Console
Set the Administration Port
Guarding your WebLogic Server: Protect against overload
Limiting requests by throttling the thread pool
Limiting HTTP sessions
"Out of Memory" exceptions
Stuck thread handling
Overview of the available System Administrator tools
Administration Console
WebLogic Scripting Tool
Configuration Wizard
Apache Ant tasks
SNMP
JMX
MBeans the heart of the JMX specification
Deployment API
Logging API
WLDF
Summary
5. Managed Servers and the Node Manager
Managed Servers
Managed Servers configuration
Domain Configuration Wizard
Creation through the WebLogic Administration Console
Creation with WebLogic Scripting Tool
Starting Managed Servers
Start using the startManagedWeblogic script
WLST and the Node Manager
Start with the Admin Console
Running modes of a Managed Server
Start as a Windows service
Create a script
The WebLogic Server Lifecycle
The Node Manager
Versions of Node Manager
Script-based Node Manager
Configuring a script-based Node Manager
Java-based Node Manager
Configuring a Java-based Node Manager as an xinetd service
Running a Node Manager as a Windows service
Summary
6. Deploy Your Applications in Oracle WebLogic
Deployment
Deployment components and terminology
The deployment standard: JSR-88
Different types of deployment
Archive type
Exploded type
Deployment tools for WebLogic
The WebLogic Admin Console
Weblogic.Deployer tool
WLST (WebLogic Scripting Tool)
Autodeploy
The deployment plan
Handling parallel application versions and retirement
Summary
7. Connecting to the Outside World: JDBC and JMS
WebLogic resources
JDBC
How does JDBC work
WebLogic JDBC
WebLogic JDBC drivers
Connection pool
Creating a Data Source with the Administration Console
Some advanced settings
Monitoring and testing a Data Source
JMS
JMS messaging models
Oracle WebLogic JMS features
WebLogic JMS tasks
Creating and monitoring JMS servers
Create JMS modules
Creating a JMS System Module
Creating connection factories, queues, and topics
Connection factories
Topics and Queues
Summary
8. Making your WebLogic Mission-Critical: Clustering
Definition of a cluster
Benefits of clustering
Components that can be clustered
Basic recommended architecture
Other WebLogic clustering architecture models
When to use Multi-Tier Recommended Architecture?
WebLogic cluster communications
Unicast
Multicast
Configuring clusters
Cluster address
Load balancing
Cluster creating with WLST
Creating a cluster with the Configuration Wizard
Syntax of the Pack command
Best practices in a WebLogic cluster
Hardware
Administration Server
IP addresses and hostnames
Use the cluster address
Firewall
Deploying applications
Deploying to a cluster
HTTP session failover in a WebLogic cluster
HTTP session failover
HTTP in-memory replication
Load balancer requirements
Load balancing and clustering EJBs and RMIs
Configuration
Migratable targets
Preventing possible cluster problems
Check the multicast address
Check the CLASSPATH value
Summary
9. The Heart of Oracle WebLogic Server: The JVM
The Java Virtual Machine (JVM)
What is a Java Virtual Machine?
The Java memory model
The execution environment (JRE)
JVM a bytecode interpreter
JVM threading models
Oracle WebLogic offers two JVMs
Sun's HotSpot versus JRockit
Sun JDK uses interpreter (Interpreter and JIT in previous releases)
Oracle JRockit uses only JIT compiler (Just In Time)
Memory spaces
Memory and other JVM tunings
JVM crashes
Tools for performance tracking
The JVM in relation to Oracle WebLogic Server
JVM startup commands
Configure your JVMs for WebLogic
Setting the JVM HeapSize
Setting the JVM through the Admin console
Setting the JVM in the startManagedWeblogic script
Setting the JVM in the setDomainEnv script
Setting the JVM in the Java Weblogic.Server startup command
Some optional JVM arguments
Basic Sun JVM arguments
Basic JRockit JVM arguments
Common JVM issues
Out of memory
Memory leak
JVM crash
Sun JVM diagnostic tools
JRockit diagnostic tools
Summary
10. What if Something Goes Wrong?
Diagnostic patterns
Server core dump pattern
Gathering core dump data for Linux
Core files from a Sun's JVM JIT Compiler
Generic Server Hang Pattern
EJB_RMI Server Hang
ServerHang application deadlock
JDBC server hang pattern
JVM hang pattern
Debug your JVM Garbage Collect
JMS problems
Another action you could take is to enable JMS message logging
WebLogic diagnostic tools
WebLogic Diagnostic Framework (WLDF)
Application logging and WebLogic logging
Some JVM consoles
Oracle JRockit Mission Control
JConsole
Additional: Oracle Enterprise Manager console
Summary
11. Configuring and Analyzing Logging
WebLogic Logging Services
Components of Logging Services
Oracle WebLogic Server logs
Logging Services attributes/severities
Log severity level
Server subsystem messages
Server and domain logs
Viewing log files
Viewing log files in the Admin Console
Using exportDiagnosticData with WLST
Viewing log files on the operating System
Configure logging
Configure logging using the Administration Console
Configure Advanced Logging properties
Integrating Application Logging
Enabling Log4j Logging
Some other Advanced Logging settings
Configure log filters
Oracle Diagnostics Logging (ODL)
Summary
12. Keeping your WebLogic Secure: Security and Protection
Oracle WebLogic security concepts
The Oracle WebLogic Security Service architecture
Oracle WebLogic security concepts
A simple authentication scenario
Security mechanisms used in WebLogic Server
Security realms
Users and groups
Roles and policies
Default global roles in WebLogic Server
Application scope security roles
Security policies
Authentication Providers
Credential mapping
Other ways of protecting Oracle WebLogic
Secure transport (for example, SSL)
Single sign-on share logon between apps
Prevention of/protection against attacks
Man-in-the-middle attacks
Denial of Service (DoS) attacks
Large buffer attacks
Connection starvation attacks
Summary
13. WLST: Makes an Administrator's Life Easier
The WebLogic Scripting Tool explained
The Python language
The Jython module
JMX
MBeans
The modes of WLST
Offline mode
Online mode
Interactive mode
Scripted mode
Embedded mode
Operational use of WLST
Starting WebLogic Server instances
Starting with the Node Manager
Starting without the Node Manager
Using CMO (Current Management Object)
WLST deployment
Using WLST as an ANT task
Using the Console Script Recording feature
Command-line editing in a UNIX environment
Summary
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