All you need for the next recipe is to type it in the R prompt as we will use some base library functions to define a new error bar function. You can also save the recipe code as a script so that you can use it again later on.

First, let's create a graph that has a lot of overlapping points:

x <- rbinom(1000, 10, 0.25)
y <- rbinom(1000, 10, 0.25)
plot(x,y)

Now, let's add some noise to the data points to see whether there are overlapping points:

plot(jitter(x), jitter(y))

In the first graph, we plotted 1,000 random data points generated with the rbinom() function. However, as you can see in the first graph, only a few data points are visible because there are multiple data points in the exact same location. Then, when we plotted the points by applying the jitter() function to the x and y values, we saw a lot more of the thousand points. We can also see that most of the data is in the range of x and y values of 2 to 4, respectively.