Table of Contents

Title Page

Copyright

Dedication

Foreword

Preface

List of Symbols

Acronyms and Abbreviations

Chapter 1: Radio Wave Fundamentals

1.1 Maxwell's Equations

1.2 Free Space Propagation

1.3 Uniform Plane Wave Propagation

1.4 Propagation of Electromagnetic Waves in Isotropic and Homogeneous Media

1.5 Wave Polarization

1.6 Propagation Mechanisms

1.7 Propagation in the Earth's Atmosphere

1.8 Frequency Dispersion of Radio Waves

References

Chapter 2: Radio Wave Transmission

2.1 Free Space Transmission

2.2 Transmission Loss of Radio Waves in the Earth's Atmosphere

2.3 Attenuation Due to Propagation into Buildings

2.4 Transmission Loss due to Penetration into Vehicles

2.5 Diffraction Loss

2.6 Diffraction Loss Models

2.7 Path Loss Due to Scattering

2.8 Multipath Propagation: Two-Ray Model

2.9 General Multipath Propagation

2.10 Shadow Fading: Medium Scale

2.11 Measurement-Based Large-Scale Path Loss Models

References

Chapter 3: Radio Channel Models

3.1 System Model for Ideal Channel: Linear Time-Invariant (LTI) Model

3.2 Narrowband Single Input–Single Output Channels

3.3 Wideband Single Input–Single Output Channels

3.4 System Functions in a Linear Randomly Time-Variant Channel

3.5 Simplified Channel Functions

3.6 Coherence Functions

3.7 Power Delay Profile and Doppler Spectrum

3.8 Parameters of the Power Delay Profile and Doppler Spectrum

3.9 The Two-Ray Model Revisited in a Stochastic Channel

3.10 Multiple Input–Multiple Output Channels

3.11 Capacity Limitations for MIMO Systems

3.12 Effect of Correlation Using Stochastic Models

3.13 Correlation Effects with Physical Channel Models

3.14 Effect of Number of Scatterers on Channel Capacity

3.15 Keyholes

3.16 Rician Channels

3.17 Wideband MIMO Channels

References

Chapter 4: Radio Channel Sounders

4.1 Echoes of Sound and Radio

4.2 Definitions and Objectives of Radio Sounders and Radar

4.3 Waveforms

4.4 Single-Tone CW Waveforms

4.5 Single-Tone Measurements

4.6 Spaced Tone Waveform

4.7 Pulse Waveform

4.8 Pulse Compression Waveforms

4.9 Coded Pulse Signals

4.10 Serial Correlation Detection of Coded Transmission

4.11 Comment Regarding Coded Transmission

4.12 Frequency Modulated Continuous Wave (FMCW) Signal

4.13 Range Doppler Ambiguity of Chirp Signals: Advanced Waveforms

4.14 Architectures of Chirp Sounders

4.15 Monostatic Operation of FMCW Sounder/Radar

4.16 Single and Multiple Antenna Sounder Architectures

4.17 Ultra-wideband (UWB) Channel Sounders

4.18 Sounder Design

4.19 Performance Tests of a Channel Sounder and Calibration

4.20 Overall Data Acquisition and Calibration

References

Chapter 5: Data Analysis

5.1 Data Validation

5.2 Spectral Analysis via the Discrete Fourier Transform

5.3 DFT Analysis of the FMCW Channel Sounder Using a Heterodyne Detector

5.4 Spectral Analysis of Network Analyzer Data via the IDFT

5.5 DFT Analysis of CW Measurements for Estimation of the Doppler Spectrum

5.6 Estimation of the Channel Frequency Response via the Hilbert Transform

5.7 Parametric Modelling

5.8 Estimation of Power Delay Profile

5.9 Small-Scale Characterization

5.10 Medium/Large-Scale Characterization

5.11 Multiple Antenna Array Processing for Estimation of Direction of Arrival

5.12 Practical Considerations of DOA Estimation

5.13 Estimation of MIMO Capacity

References

Chapter 6: Radio Link Performance Prediction

6.1 Radio Link Simulators

6.2 Narrowband Stochastic Radio Channel Simulator

6.3 Wideband Stochastic Channel Simulator

6.4 Frequency Domain Implementation Using Fast Convolution

6.5 Channel Block Realization from Measured Data

6.6 Theoretical Prediction of System Performance in Additive White Gaussian Noise

6.7 Prediction of System Performance in Fading Channels

6.8 Bit Error Rate Prediction for Wireless Standards

6.9 Enhancement of Performance Using Diversity Gain

References

Appendix 1

A.1 Probability Distribution Functions

A.2 The Gaussian (Normal) Distribution

A.3 The Rayleigh Distribution

A.4 The Rician Distribution

A.5 The Nakagami m-Distribution

A.6 The Weibull Distribution

A.7 The Log-Normal Distribution

A.8 The Suzuki Distribution

A.9 The Chi-Square Distribution

References

Appendix 2

Index

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