Contents
1.4.1 Quantitative Research Approach
1.4.2 Qualitative Research Approach
1.5.4 Analysis and Hypothesis Formulation
1.5.5 Presentation and Interpretation
1.5.7 Case Study: Sample Research Problem
1.6.1 Problems Faced by Researchers
2 Research Formulation and Literature Review
2.1 Problem Definition and Formulation
2.1.2 Necessity of Problem Definition
2.2.4 Objectives of Literature Review
2.2.5 Importance of Literature Review
2.3 Characteristics of a Good Research Question
2.4.1 Primary and Secondary Sources of Literature
2.4.2 Identifying Literature Review Gaps
2.4.3 Literature Review Pitfalls
3.1 Primary and Secondary Data
3.2 Primary and Secondary Data Sources
3.4.1 Types of Data Processing
3.5.1 Quantitative and Qualitative Data
3.5.2 Discrete and Continuous Data
3.5.3 Univariate and Bivariate Data
4.2 Measures of Central Tendency
4.2.2 Geometric and Harmonic Mean
4.3.2 Relationship of Mean and Median
4.5.4 Exponential Distribution
5.5 Principle Component Analysis
5.6.2 Characteristics of Good Sample Design
5.6.4 Steps in Sampling Process
5.7 SPSS: A Statistical Analysis Tool
6.3.1 Exploratory Research Design
6.3.2 Conclusive Research Design
6.3.3 Experimental Research Design
7 Hypothesis Formulation and Testing
7.3 Types of Research Hypothesis
7.3.1 Characteristics of Qualitative Methods
7.3.2 Characteristics of Quantitative Methods
7.3.3 Generation of Research Hypothesis
7.4.2 Test the Level of Significance
7.8 Making a Decision: Types of Errors
7.8.2 Quantification of Classification
8.1 Parametric and Non-parametric Tests
8.2.1 Tricks and Technique – ANOVA
8.2.2 One-way and Two-way ANOVA
8.3.1 How to Perform Mann-Whitney Test in SPSS?
8.4.1 Step-by-Step Kruskal-Wallis Test
8.4.2 Steps for Kruskal-Wallis Test in SPSS
8.5.2 Chi-Square Test Procedure in SPSS Statistics
8.5.3 Example – Chi-Square Test
8.6.1 Test Procedure in SPSS-MANOVA
9 Models for Science and Business
9.2 Methods of Scientific Research
9.4.1 Types of Simulation Models
10.1 Theory of Social Research
10.1.1 Social Research Characteristics
10.1.2 Scope of Social Research
10.1.3 Objectives of Social Research
10.2 Perspectives of Social Research
10.2.1 Complementary Perspectives
10.3 Methods of Social Research
10.4 Social Science Approaches
10.4.2 Interdisciplinary Approaches
10.6 Quantitative and Qualitative Social Research
10.6.1 Quantitative Research Methods
10.6.2 Qualitative Research Methods
10.6.3 Comparison of Quantitative and Qualitative Research
10.7 Ethics and Politics in Social Research
10.7.1 Principles in Research Ethics
11 Presentation of the Research Work
11.1.1 Planning a Business Report
11.1.2 Structuring of Business Report
11.2.1 Components of Technical Report
11.3.3 Supplementary Materials
11.4 General Tips for Writing Report
11.4.2 Goal of Technical Writing
11.4.3 Foundations of Effective Technical Writing
11.4.4 Qualities of Good Technical Writing
11.6.2 Advantages of Oral Communication
11.6.3 Disadvantages of Oral Communication
11.6.4 Effective Oral Presentation
11.7 Bibliography and References
11.7.2 Numeric (Vancouver) Style
11.7.3 References Organization
11.8 Intellectual Property Rights
11.8.5 Geographical Indications (GI)
12 LaTeX-Document Generation Tool
12.1 Document Generation Tools
12.4.1 Page Setup, Page Numbering and Headings
12.4.4 Font Size and Formatting
12.10 Preparation of Presentation