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Chapter 8: BY-Group Processing
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Chapter 8: BY-Group Processing
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SAS Certification Prep Guide, 5th Edition
Title Page
Copyright
Accessibility Features of the SAS Certification Prep Guide
How to Prepare for the SAS Base Programming for SAS®9 Exam
Chapter 1: Setting Up Practice Data
Accessing Your Practice Data
Chapter 2: Basic Concepts
Getting Started
The Basics of the SAS Language
SAS Libraries
Referencing SAS Files
SAS Data Sets
Chapter Quiz
Chapter 3: Accessing Your Data
SAS Libraries
Viewing SAS Libraries
Chapter Quiz
Chapter 4: Creating SAS Data Sets
Referencing an External Data File
The IMPORT Procedure
Reading and Verifying Data
Using the Imported Data in a DATA Step
Reading a Single SAS Data Set to Create Another
Reading Microsoft Excel Data with the XLSX Engine
Creating Excel Worksheets
Writing Observations Explicitly
Chapter Quiz
Chapter 5: Identifying and Correcting SAS Language Errors
Error Messages
Correcting Common Errors
Chapter Quiz
Chapter 6: Creating Reports
Creating a Basic Report
Selecting Variables
Identifying Observations
Sorting Data
Generating Column Totals
Specifying Titles and Footnotes in Procedure Output
Assigning Descriptive Labels
Using Permanently Assigned Labels
Chapter Quiz
Chapter 7: Understanding DATA Step Processing
How SAS Processes Programs
Compilation Phase
Execution Phase
Debugging a DATA Step
Testing Your Programs
Chapter Quiz
Chapter 8: BY-Group Processing
Definitions
Preprocessing Data
FIRST. and LAST. DATA Step Variables
Chapter Quiz
Chapter 9: Creating and Managing Variables
Creating Variables
Modifying Variables
Specifying Lengths for Variables
Subsetting Data
Chapter Quiz
Chapter 10: Combining SAS Data Sets
How to Prepare Your Data Sets
Methods of Combining SAS Data Sets: The Basics
One-to-One Reading: Details
Concatenating: Details
Match-Merging: Details
Match-Merge Processing
Renaming Variables
Excluding Unmatched Observations
Chapter Quiz
Chapter 11: Processing Data with DO Loops
The Basics of DO Loops
Constructing DO Loops
Nesting DO Loops
Iteratively Processing Observations from a Data Set
Conditionally Executing DO Loops
Chapter Quiz
Chapter 12: SAS Formats and Informats
Applying SAS Formats and Informats
The FORMAT Procedure
Defining a Unique Format
Associating User-Defined Formats with Variables
Chapter Quiz
Chapter 13: SAS Date, Time, and Datetime Values
SAS Date and Time Values
Reading Dates and Times with Informats
Example: Using Dates and Times in Calculations
Displaying Date and Time Values with Formats
Chapter Quiz
Chapter 14: Using Functions to Manipulate Data
The Basics of SAS Functions
SAS Functions Syntax
Converting Data with Functions
Manipulating SAS Date Values with Functions
Modifying Character Values with Functions
Modifying Numeric Values with Functions
Nesting SAS Functions
Chapter Quiz
Chapter 15: Producing Descriptive Statistics
The MEANS Procedure
The FREQ Procedure
Chapter Quiz
Chapter 16: Creating Output
The Output Delivery System (ODS)
Creating HTML Output with ODS
Creating PDF Output with ODS
Creating RTF Output with ODS
Creating EXCEL Output with ODS
Chapter Quiz
Appendix 1: Quiz Answer Keys
Chapter 2: Basic Concepts
Chapter 3: Accessing Your Data
Chapter 4: Creating SAS Data Sets
Chapter 5: Identifying and Correcting SAS Language Errors
Chapter 6: Creating Reports
Chapter 7: Understanding DATA Step Processing
Chapter 8: BY-Group Processing
Chapter 9: Creating and Managing Variables
Chapter 10: Combining SAS Data Sets
Chapter 11: Processing Data with DO Loops
Chapter 12: SAS Formats and Informats
Chapter 13: SAS Date, Time, and Datetime Values
Chapter 14: Using Functions to Manipulate Data
Chapter 15: Producing Descriptive Statistics
Chapter 16: Creating Output
Index
Additional Resources
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Definitions
Chapter 8: BY-Group Processing
Definitions
Preprocessing Data
FIRST. and LAST. DATA Step Variables
Chapter Quiz
Last updated: August 23, 2018
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