Index
A
academic disciplines
in business schools, 339, 371, 373
combining knowledge from multiple, 17, 414–15
crossing boundaries between, 48–49, 51, 392–93
limits of, 373–74
academics
assumptions made by, 273
attitude of, toward practice, 261–62
collaboration between consultants and, 189–207
in fieldwork, 352
influencing organizational practice, 226–28
language system of, 320–21, 411
relationship between practitioners and, 233–34, 235–46, 244–47, 262–63, 273, 322–23, 412
Academy of Management (AOM), 12, 25, 258–60, 262, 264, 271, 315, 356, 373
Academy of Management Journal, 259, 352–53, 357, 358, 359
Academy of Management Learning and Education, 259, 357
Academy of Management Perspectives, 259
Academy of Management Review, 259
action research
benefits of, 157–58
on campus, 178–79
characteristics of, 83–84, 123, 332–33
evolution of, 391
scarcity of, in business schools, 333
terminology for, 332
adaptation, importance of, 129
Advanced Institute of Management (AIM), 10, 84, 85, 86, 357
Agilent Technologies, 175
Alderfer, Clay, 116
Allen, Tom, 170
Alliance for Organizational Psychology, 312
Alper, Richard, 115
Alpha Power Company, 237
American Society for Training and Development, 131
America’s Next Twenty Years (Drucker), 371
Apple, 38
applied behavioral science, 107–8
Argyris, Chris, 37, 104, 116, 123, 151, 242, 282, 293
Aristotle, 213–14, 228, 375, 397, 401
The Art of Japanese Management (Pascale and Athos), 294, 298, 304
aspirations vs. resources, 140–41
Association to Advance Collegiate Schools of Business (AACSB), 314
B
Badaracco, Joseph, 293
The Balanced Scorecard (Kaplan and Norton), 296, 297, 306
Bartlett, Christopher, 293, 378
Bartunek, Jean, 233–47, 250, 401
Becton Dickinson (BD), 155–56, 159, 160, 161, 163, 164
Beer, Michael, 81, 84, 87–88, 147–68, 170, 324–25, 353, 378, 379, 399–400, 410
Belbin, R. Meredith, 293
Benedictine University, 211–12, 214, 222, 401
Bennis, Warren, 293, 298, 370, 372–73, 380
Benson, George, 125, 289–308, 401, 410
Berlin, Isaiah, 374
Berry, Leonard, 293
“best practices,” 139, 142, 197, 263, 356, 408
The Black Swan (Taleb), 296, 297
Blanchard, Ken, 298
Blink (Gladwell), 292, 296, 297
Blue Ocean Strategy (Kim and Mauborgne), 297, 299
Blumenthal, Michael, 126
BOC, 175
Bohmer, Richard, 41
Booz and Company, 133, 371, 378
Boston University, 125–26, 194, 198
Boudreau, John, 125, 269–83, 287, 397–98
boundaries, crossing, 47–49, 82, 84, 99, 164–65, 392–93
Bowers, Dave, 117
Brandenburger, Adam, 293
bridging institutions, 244–46
British Sky Broadcasting, 99
Brown University, 114
Buchholz, Rogene, 382
Built to Last (Collins and Poras), 294, 297, 300, 304
Bullock, R. J., 121
business schools
academic disciplines in, 339, 371, 373
barriers to useful research at, 333–40
changing reward system of, 152, 314, 316, 341–43, 380
competitive pressure on, 334–36, 354
criticisms of, 331, 355–56, 370
cross-disciplinary issues and, 381
enablers to useful research at, 340–47
faculty of, 338–39, 354–55, 379–80, 381–82
forces shaping research at, 333–34
government funding of, 337
impact of, 331
limitations of, 131
recruiters at, 336
relationship between universities and, 339–40
research centers at, 345–47
rigor and relevance at, 130–31, 172–73, 310–11, 340, 370, 376, 382
trends in, 381–82
Business Week, 292, 297–98, 299, 301, 307
C
California, University of (Berkeley), 114–15
Cammann, Cortland, 121
Cascio, Wayne, 251–65, 267, 353, 356, 401, 411
Case Western Reserve, 212, 223, 401
Center for Creative Leadership, 131, 245
Center for Effective Organizations (CEO), 57–59, 69–71, 76, 124–25, 128, 133, 151, 245, 319, 421
Christensen, Clayton, 293, 299
Cialdini, Robert, 303
Circuit City, 133
CNN, 142
co-authors, 361–62
Cole, Nina, 315–16
collaboration
between academics and consultants, 189–207
benefits of, 159–61
creating structure and processes for, 161–62, 226–27
definition of, 352
in design research, 60–61
engaged scholarship and, 390
importance of, 159
across knowledge boundaries, 47–49, 392–93
in Knowledge Work Teams research program, 62–71
relationships between problems, fieldwork, and, 50–51
between researchers and practitioners, 311, 332, 343–47, 395–98
Collins, Jim, 133, 295, 298, 301, 378–79
Columbia University, 319
Commerce, U.S. Department of, 120
Competing for the Future (Prahalad and Hamel), 138, 140–41, 293, 294, 304
competitive advantage, 139
Complexity (Waldrop), 298, 305
Concept of the Corporation (Drucker), 371
consultants. See also scholar-practitioners
collaboration with, 133, 189–207
depth of academic knowledge of, 236–39
typical approaches used by, 195–96
context, value of, 28–29
Cooke, Robert, 121
cooperation
antecedents to, 91
signature processes of, 91–92
within teams, 87
Cooperative Advantage Research Consortium, 85, 90, 95
Cornell University, 170
Corning Inc., 149, 152–55, 158–59, 164, 170
The Corporate Culture Survival Guide (Schein), 240–41
Covey, Steven, 298
The Critical Path to Corporate Renewal (Beer, Eisenstat, and Spector), 147, 155, 160
Cummings, Thomas, 99, 331–47, 350
D
Dell, 142
Delta Consulting Group, 319
design research
challenges for, 74–76
collaboration in, 60–61
premises underlying, 58–60
differentiation and integration (D and I), 159
Digital Equipment Corporation, 124, 243
Drexler, Jack, 121
Drucker, Peter, 371–75
E
Edmondson, Amy, 37–53, 55, 83, 353, 392–93, 413, 416, 417
Eisenhart, Kathleen, 25
Emotional Intelligence (Goleman), 297, 299, 305
engaged scholarship
alternative forms of, 389–92, 395
benefits of, 402
definition of, 388
diamond model of, 388–89
elaborating and extending, 392–95
pursuing path of, 399–402
researchers’ identity and, 402–3
European Work and Organizational Psychology (EAWOP), 312
Evans, Reg, 293
EXec EXcel Group, 319
executive education programs, 173–82, 211–12, 223, 244, 344–45
F
Fannie Mae, 133
fault lines, development of, 91
Fichman, Mark, 121
fieldwork
amount of time in, 393–95, 410
new variables emerging from, 46
relationships between problems, collaboration, and, 50–51
scholarly value of, 351–55
strategies for, 43–44
surprises from, 44–46
types of, 43
Finegold, Dan, 72
Ford Foundation, 120
The Fortune at the Bottom of the Pyramid (Prahalad), 138–39
forums, joint interpretive, 343–44
Frayne, Collette, 315–16
Freakonomics (Levitt and Dubner), 296, 297
Fuller, Buckminster, 38
The Future of Competition (Prahalad and Ramaswamy), 138
The Future of Work Consortium, 85, 99
G
Galbraith, Jay, 125
Gates, Bill, 140
General Electric, 62, 124, 132, 181
General Motors, 38, 142, 371–72
General Radio, 169
George Washington University, 212
Getting to Yes! (Fisher, Ury, and Patton), 298
Ghoshal, Sumantra, 13, 81, 82, 84, 86, 91, 293
Gladwell, Malcolm, 270, 303, 316
Global Research and Education Network, 129
Goodman, Paul, 104
Good to Great (Collins), 133, 290, 292, 297, 300, 301, 305
Google, 140
Graduate Management Research Council, 356
Grant, David, 242
Graphic Controls Corporation, 123
Gratton, Lynda, 81–99, 101, 357, 395, 396, 414, 416
Gruenfeld, Leo, 170
Gupta, Nina, 121
H
Hackman, J. Richard, 40, 103–10, 116, 117, 151, 190, 191, 396
Hammer, Michael, 295
Harreld, Bruce, 174
Harrison, Roger, 116
Harvard Business Review, 132, 271, 295, 299, 307, 357
Harvard Business School, 149–50, 151, 155, 175, 401
Hay Group, 189, 191, 192, 195, 198, 396
Health, Education, and Welfare, U.S. Department of, 118
Heidrick and Struggles, 133
Heneman, Herb, Jr., 362
Herman, Jeanne, 121
Herzberg, Fred, 152
Hewlett-Packard (HP) Corporation, 66–71, 73–74
High Commitment, High Performance (Beer), 147
holism vs. reductionism, 122
Honeywell, 124
Hudson Institute, 131
Human Resource Management, 254
Human Resource Planning Society (HRPS), 257–58, 264
human resource professionals
associations for, 253–58
DVD series for, 256
effective practice guidelines for, 255–56
Human Side of Enterprise (McGregor), 152
I
IBM, 114, 132, 142, 174–75, 181
Industrial Relations Research Association (IRRA), 260
Infosys, 140
“innovator” mindset, 95
The Innovator’s Dilemma (Christensen), 294, 297, 298, 299, 305
In Search of Excellence (Peters and Waterman), 133, 290, 292, 293, 294, 296, 297, 298, 299–301, 304, 372
Institute for Scientific Information (ISI), 353, 355, 357
Institute for Social Research (ISR), 117, 121, 123, 127
Intellectual Capital (Stewart), 298, 305
International Association of Applied Psychology (IAAP), 312
Irving Oil, 175
J
James, William, 161
Japan Inc. (Ishinomori), 298, 306
Jenkins, Douglas, 121
Johns Hopkins University, 223
Journal of Applied Behavioral Science, 245
Journal of Applied Psychology, 254, 358, 359
Journal of Organizational Behavior, 358, 359
journals, 357–59. See also individual journals
K
Kahn, Bob, 117
Kanter, Rosabeth Moss, 293, 372
Kaplan, Robert, 293
Katz, Dan, 117
Katz, Ralph, 170
Kelman, Herb, 103
Khurana, Rakesh, 381
Klein, Jan, 72
knowing-doing relationships, 173–79, 180
knowledge
actionable vs. relevant, 148–49
co-creation of, 128–30
combining, from different communities, 16–17, 28, 69–71, 412–16
commercialization of, 10
distributed generation of, 10–11, 25
as linear value stream, 23–26
movement of, 16
as network, 26–27
principles for developing, 150–65
relevance of, 113
translating into tools, 323–24
The Knowledge-Creating Company (Nonaka and Takeuchi), 297, 298, 306
knowledge networks, 344
Knowledge Work Teams (KWT) research program, 62–71
Korn/Ferry, 133
Kouzes, James, 293
Kram, Kathy, 198
Kuhn, Thomas, 222
L
Labor, U.S. Department of, 120
Labor and Employment Relations Association (LERA), 260–61, 264
Latham, Gary P., 12, 309–18, 353
Lawler, Edward E., III, 9–30, 57, 113–33, 135, 151, 323, 324, 353, 399, 402–3, 407–18
leadership
business schools and, 375–79
Leadership Pulse, 292
Leary, Timothy, 115
Lewin, Kurt, 37, 60, 104, 113, 123, 237, 243, 309, 391, 415
Locke, Edwin, 313
London Business School, 82, 99
Lorsch, Jay, 151, 159, 369, 381
M
Macy, Barry, 121
Made to Stick (Heath and Heath), 270
management
communicating research to, 326–27
relationship of researchers and, 160–61
responsibilities and, 371, 375
influential, 292–95, 302, 303, 307, 311
number of, 289
popular, 289, 290–91, 296–99, 307
practice and, 295–96
research and, 299–303
style of, 298–99
target audience for, 298
timing of, 298
Management (Drucker), 371
Management Education Research Institute (MERI), 356
March, Jim, 325
Marketing Science Institute (MSI), 344
Marshak, Bob, 242
Marshall School of Business, 57
Marsh and McLennan Companies, 319
Martin, Joanne, 238
McKinsey, 133, 296, 300, 311, 371, 378
McMahan, Gary, 125
Meade, Margaret, 313
Medfield, Massachusetts, 152–53
mentors, 362
Michael, Don, 124
Michigan, University of, 14–15, 22, 114, 117–23, 131, 395, 416
Mill, John Stuart, 370–71
Mintzberg, Henry, 293
Mirvis, Philip, 113–14, 117, 121, 123–33, 135, 399, 402–3, 414, 416, 417
MIT, 170
Mitroff, Ian, 104
Moch, Michael, 121
Moerk, Hallstein, 95
Mohrman, Allan M., Jr., 57–76, 79, 125, 397, 410, 414
Mohrman, Susan Albers, 9–30, 57–76, 79, 125, 151, 325–26, 397, 402, 407–18
Molinsky, Andy, 43–44
Moran, Peter, 81
Multinational Mission (Prahalad and Doz), 137, 138
Murthy, N. R. Narayana, 140
N
Nadler, David, 121, 319, 320–21, 323–27
Nahapiet, Janine, 86
Nalebuff, Barry, 293
Napster, 139–40
National Institutes of Health (NIH), 10
National Science Foundation (NSF), 10, 356
National Training Laboratories (NTL), 243, 244–45
NBC, 142
Nembhard, Ingrid, 49
The New Age of Innovation (Prahalad and Krishnan), 137, 138
New Management, 372
“next practices,” 139–40, 142–43, 263
Nexus for Change, 242
Nieva, Veronica, 121
The No Asshole Rule (Sutton), 299
Nohria, Nitan, 378
Nokia, 82, 83, 85–91, 91, 95–97, 98–99
Nonaka, Ikujiro, 293
Non-Linear Systems, 153
Northeastern University, 169
Northrop Grumman Corporation, 319
Norton, David, 293
O
Oath Project, 381
The One Minute Manager (Blanchard and Johnson), 292, 297, 298
O’Reilly, Charles, 82, 173, 174
Organizational Research Methods, 358
Organization and Environment (Lawrence and Lorsch), 159
Organization Culture and Leadership (Schein), 240–41
organization development
characteristics of, 235
conceptual roots of, 235
definition of, 234
organizations
artifactual nature of, 14–15, 58–59
boundaries within, 47–48
change in, 22
cooperative signatures of, 91–92
decision management of, 272
high-commitment, high-performance, 147
participation by, in research, 22–23, 28
research on behavior of, 106–7
understanding, 60
Organization Science, 358, 359
Ouchi, William, 293
Our Iceberg Is Melting (Kotter), 299
Out of the Crisis (Demming), 293, 294, 298, 304
P
Pasteur’s Quadrant (Stokes), 171–72, 401
People & Strategy, 257
Pepperdine University, 212
performance management studies, 62–65
Perkins, Dennis, 121
Personnel Psychology, 254, 358, 359
Perspectives on Work, 260
Peters, Tom, 133, 295, 296, 298, 299–301, 372, 378
Peterson, Mark, 121
Pettigrew, Andrew, 104
phronesis, 213–14
Planning for Quality (Juran), 294, 298, 304
Posner, Barry, 293
practice
academics’ attitude toward, 261–62
assessing effectiveness of existing, 205–6
bridging multiple communities of, 15–18
gap between research and, 9–15, 29–30, 171, 251–52, 402–3
impact of research on, 18–27
management books and, 295–96
organizations as artifacts shaped by, 14–15
university-based research programs aimed at, 133
The Practice of Management (Drucker), 372
practitioners. See also scholar-practitioners
collaboration between researchers and, 311, 332, 343–47, 395–98
definition of, 251
perspectives of, 319–27
presenting research findings to, 240–42, 273–82, 410, 411
relationship between academics and, 233–34, 235–46, 244–47, 262–63, 273, 322–23, 412
research evidence and, 264–65, 271–72, 309–16
Prahalad, C. K., 133, 137–45, 293, 400
problems
emphasis on solving, 324–25
relationships between fieldwork, collaboration, and, 50–51
research motivated by, 39–42, 52, 61–62, 104, 109, 152, 332–33, 413
Procter & Gamble, 123
professional associations, 131, 251, 252–65, 312–13, 411. See also individual associations
prospect theory, 270
Q
Quality of Employment study, 118
Quality of Worklife program, 14–15, 22, 118–23, 395, 414, 416
R
Ram Dass, Baba, 115
recruiters, power of, 336
reductionism vs. holism, 122
Reengineering the Corporation (Hammer and Champy), 293, 294, 304
Reflections, 245
relevance
business schools and, 172–73
instrumental rationales for, 10–12
of knowledge, 113
knowledge loop and, 16
from nonacademic researchers, 131–32
rigor vs., 122–23, 130, 137–44
values-based rationales for, 12
young academics and, 359–60
Reputation Institute, 133
research. See also sticky findings
accessibility of, 11, 23–25, 274–77, 281
action, 83–84, 123, 157–58, 178–79, 332–33, 391
approaches to, 142–44
barriers to useful, 333–40
centers, 345–47
choosing questions for, 21–22, 362
co-authors for, 361–62
communicating findings of, 240–42, 273–82, 397–98, 410, 411
competitive practices applied to, 133
context and, 28–29
enablers to useful, 340–47
engaged, 76
environment and, 127–28
forces shaping, at business schools, 333–34
foresight and, 129
funding for, 10
future of, 361–63
gap between practice and, 9–15, 29–30, 171, 251–52, 402–3
generalizability of, 122
impact of, on practice, 18–27
influence of prior, 50–51
knowledge co-creation and, 128–30
longitudinal, 161
management books and, 299–303
managing, 129
into multiple projects simultaneously, 362–63
organizational participation in, 22–23, 28
paradigm-driven, 104
practitioners’ use of, 264–65, 271–72, 309–16
problem-motivated, 39–42, 52, 61–62, 104, 109, 152, 332–33, 413
product continuum for, 104, 133, 323–24
professional associations and, 131, 251, 252
profession-oriented, 340–41
programmatic, 62–65
publication of, 357–59
recursive, 71–72
worrisome trends in, 130–32
researchers
career path of, 126–27
collaboration between practitioners and, 311, 332, 343–47, 395–98
collegiality of, 128
goal setting by, 361
influences on, 113
key questions for, 18–29
mentors for, 362
niches for, 361
relationship of management and, 160–61
relevance and, 18
as research instruments, 129
sense of identity of, 113, 116, 126–27, 402–3
resources vs. aspirations, 140–41
rigor
business schools and, 130–31, 172–73, 310–11, 340, 370, 376, 382
importance of, 416–17
relevance vs., 122–23, 130, 137–44
risk matrix, 82
Rogers, Everett, 397
Rosenthal, Sandra, 382
Rothlisberger, Fritz, 157
Rousseau, Denise, 12, 16, 19, 121, 269–83, 286, 313, 397–98
Royal Bank of Scotland, 86, 91
Rynes, Sara L., 351–63, 368, 410
S
Saari, Lise, 312
scaffolding, 220–21
Schein, Edgar, 151, 170, 233–47, 250, 293, 401
Schneider, Ben, 116
scholar-practitioners. See also consultants
career path of, 149–52, 165–66
collaboration and, 161–62
depth of academic knowledge of, 236–39
education of, 211–12
effectiveness of, 221–23
focus of, 163–64
as independent operators, 224
learning from practice, 242–43
as research partners, 224–25
role of, 214–21
Schon, Donald, 293
scientist-practitioner model, 252
Seashore, Stan, 104, 117, 118, 123, 124
self-designing, 20
Senge, Donald, 293
Senior Leadership Teams (Wageman), 190
The 7 Habits of Highly Effective People (Covey), 290, 292, 296, 297, 298
Siebel Systems, 175
Singapore Ministry of Manpower, 83, 85, 87, 88, 93–95, 97, 98, 99
social psychology, 106–7
Social Science Research Network (SSRN), 355
Society for Human Resource Management (SHRM) Foundation, 131, 253–56, 264, 265, 312–13, 356
Society for Industrial and Organizational Psychology (SIOP), 252–53, 263, 264, 312–13, 315, 356
Society for Organizational Learning (SoL), 245
Standard Chartered, 82
Steele, Fritz, 116
sticky findings
characteristics of, 270, 273–82
definition of, 269
implications of, 282–83
need for, 270–73
Stokes, Donald, 171–72
Strategic Fitness Process, 154, 156, 157, 160, 161–62, 163
strategic leadership forums (SLFs), 174–75
sustainability, 143
T
Takeuchi, Hirotaka, 293
teams
assessing effectiveness of, 190
boosting performance of, 92–93
for conducting useful research, 415–16
cooperation within, 87
fault lines and, 91
healthy, 92
virtual learning signature of, 92–93
technological transitions, 169–70
Tenkasi, Ram, 72, 125, 211–28, 231, 401, 415
Theory Y management, 152
think tanks, 131
Thought Leaders Retreat, 255
The Tipping Point (Gladwell), 270, 292, 296, 297
Toronto, University of, 315–16
total quality management (TQM), 174
Towers Watson, 133
Toyota, 142
TruePoint Partners, 150, 151, 156
Tucker, Anita, 49
turns, 219–20
Tushman, Mike, 82, 151, 169–82, 185, 378, 400, 401–2
U
United States Postal Service, 175
The Unseen Revolution (Drucker), 371
USC (University of Southern California), 57, 69, 103, 124–25, 127, 401
Useem, Michael, 293
utility analysis, 271
Van de Ven, Andy, 213, 353, 387–405, 413, 416, 417
Voigt, Andreas, 86
Volvo, 118
W
Wageman, Ruth, 189–207, 209, 353, 395–96, 411, 416–17
Wal-Mart, 140
Walton, Richard, 74, 104, 118, 151, 206, 378
Walton, Sam, 140
Washington, University of, 315
Waterman, Bob, 133, 296, 299–301, 372, 378
Wayne State, 114
Weber, Allan, 300
Welbourne, Theresa, 125
Welch, Jack, 311
Weyerhaeuser, 314
What Color Is Your Parachute? (Bolles), 290
Who Moved My Cheese? (Johnson), 290, 296, 297, 298
Whyte, William, 170
Wolfe, Gerrit, 116
Working with Emotional Intelligence (Goleman), 299
workshops, action-learning, 180–82, 343
Worley, Chris, 125
X
Y
Yale University, 115–17, 122, 131, 381
Yip, Leo, 93
Z
Zeigarnik effect, 237
Zlotkowski, Edward, 403