Endnotes

  1. 1. Green, S. (2013, February 8). Making tattoos and piercings a workplace issue without breaking the law. Corporate Counsel. www.law.com/corporatecounsel; Lebros, A. (2010, February 18). Discrimination based on tattoos, a sad reality for those who embrace their permanent inked bodies. The Famuan. www.thefamuanonline.com/opinions.

  2. 2. HR Focus. (2008, August). Why appearance may be your next discrimination law challenge, 6–7; Dwoskin, E. (2010, June 1). Is this woman too hot to be a banker? The Village Voice News. www.villagevoice.com.

  3. 3. Hall, F. S., and Hall, E. L. (1994). The ADA: Going beyond the law. Academy of Management Executive, 8, 17–26.

  4. 4. U.S. Equal Employment Opportunity Commission. (2013). www.eeoc.gov/employees/remedies.cfm.

  5. 5. Coie, P. (2001, December). Ninth circuit affirms $1.03 million jury verdict in race discrimination suit. Washington Employment Law Letter, 1.

  6. 6. Faircloth, A. (1998, August 3). Guess who’s coming to Denny’s? Fortune, 108–110.

  7. 7. Denny’s Web site. (2005). www.dennys.com/en/cms/diversity/.

  8. 8. Griggs v. Duke Power Co., 401 U.S. 424 (1971).

  9. 9. Wards Cove v. Antonio, 109 S.Ct. 2115, 49 FEP CASES 1523 (1989).

  10. 10. Hall, F. S., and Hall, E. L. (1994). The ADA: Going beyond the law. Academy of Management Executive, 8, 17–26.

  11. 11. Sites, J. (2005, May). Equal pay for the sexes. HR Magazine, 65–69.

  12. 12. Casserly, M. (2013, February 14). The gender pay gap got worse, not better, in 2012—and it’s great for women. Forbes. www.forbes.com/sites/meghancasserly/2013/02/14.

  13. 13. Strout, E. (2001, July). Tough sell. Sales & Marketing Management, 50–55.

  14. 14. Ledvinka, J., and Scarpello, V. G. (1991). Federal regulation of personnel and human resource management (2nd ed.). Boston: PWS-Kent; Twomey, D. P. (1990). Equal employment opportunity (2nd ed.). Cincinnati, OH: South-Western.

  15. 15. BNA’s Employee Relations Weekly. (1993, September 13). EEOC meets new, higher burden of proof in race bias case in California court. 11, 1991.

  16. 16. Griggs v. Duke Power Co., 401 U.S. 424 (1971).

  17. 17. HR News. (1994, February). No beard rule found to have disparate impact, 17.

  18. 18. Albemarle Paper Co. v. Moody, 422 U.S. 405 (1975).

  19. 19. McDonnell Douglas Corp. v. Green, 411 U.S. 792 (1973).

  20. 20. Equal Employment Opportunity Commission. (1978). Uniform Guidelines on Employee Selection Procedures, 29 Code of Federal Regulations, Part 1607, Sec. 6.A.

  21. 21. EEOC Web site. (2005). www.eeoc.gov/facts/fs-nator.html.

  22. 22. Uheling, A. (2002, April 29). Pregnancy Discrimination Act set clear management limits. Federal Human Resources Week, 1.

  23. 23. Ibid.

  24. 24. HR Reporter. (2001, June 4). City settles discrimination charge by pregnant police officer, 1.

  25. 25. Fitzgerald, L. F., Drasgow, F., Hulin, C., Gelfond, M., and Magley, V. J. (1997). Antecedents and consequences of sexual harassment in organizations: A test of an integrated model. Journal of Applied Psychology, 82, 578–589.

  26. 26. Gruber, J. E. (1998). The impact of male work environments and organizational policies on women’s experiences of sexual harassment. Gender & Society, 12, 301–321.

  27. 27. Hendrix, W. H. (1998). Sexual harassment and gender differences. Journal of Social Behavior and Personality, 13, 135–253.

  28. 28. BNA’s Employee Relations Weekly. (1994, January 31). Medical center employee awarded $1 million in Massachusetts suit, 12, 111–112.

  29. 29. Shepela, S. T., and Levesque, L. L. (1998). Poisoned waters: Sexual harassment and the college climate. Sex Roles, 8, 589–611; Shelton, N. J., and Chavous, T. M. (1999). Black and white college women’s perceptions of sexual harassment. Sex Roles, 40, 593–615.

  30. 30. Harris v. Forklift Systems, Inc. 114 S. Ct. 367 (1993).

  31. 31. Cole, J. (1999, March). Sexual harassment: New rules, new behavior. HR Focus, 1–15.

  32. 32. Muller, J. (1999, November 15). Ford: The high cost of harassment. BusinessWeek, 94–96.

  33. 33. Aronson, P. (2002, April 29). Mitsubushi comes back from disaster of 1998. National Law Review, A23.

  34. 34. Lewis, N. A. (1999, July 30). New penalty for Clinton in Jones case. New York Times, A15.

  35. 35. Sandomir, R. (2007, October 3). Jury finds Knicks and coach harassed a former executive. New York Times. www.nytimes.com/2007/10/03/sports/basketball/03garden.html.

  36. 36. The U.S. Equal Employment Commission. (2005). www.eeoc.gov/stats/harass.html.

  37. 37. Human Resource Management Ideas and Trends. (1996, February 14). Sexual harassment complaints no longer limited to women, 30.

  38. 38. The Economist. (1998, July 4). Men, women, work and law, 21–22.

  39. 39. Langer, G. (2011, November 16). One in four U.S. women reports workplace harassment. ABCNEWS. abcnews.go.com/blogs/politics/2011/11/one-in-four-u-s-women-reports-workplace-harassment.

  40. 40. Luthar, H., and Pastille, C. (2000). Modeling subordinate perceptions of sexual harassment: The role of superior–subordinate social-sexual interaction. Human Resource Management Review, 10, 211–244.

  41. 41. Flynn, G. (1999, May). Sexual harassment interpretations give cause for new concerns. Workforce, 105–106; Garland, S. B. (1998, July 13). Finally, a corporate tip sheet on sexual harassment. BusinessWeek, 39.

  42. 42. O’Leary-Kelly, A., and Bowes-Sperry, L. (2001). Sexual harassment as unethical behavior: The role of moral intensity. Human Resource Management Review, 11, 73–92.

  43. 43. Slade, M. (1998, July 19). A hint of clarity in harassment case law. New York Times, www.nytimes.com.

  44. 44. Kesluk and Silverstein Law Offices Web Site. (2013). Details of sexual harassment law in California. www.californialawattoryney.com.

  45. 45. Wards Cove Packing Co. v. Antonio, 409 U.S. 642 (1989).

  46. 46. Bureau of National Affairs. (1991, November 11). Civil rights act of 1991. Employee Relations Weekly (special supplement).

  47. 47. Carson, K. P. (1991, November 22). New civil rights law shoots itself in the foot. Wall Street Journal, A10.

  48. 48. Geyelin, M. (1993, December 17). Age-bias cases found to bring big jury awards. Wall Street Journal, B1.

  49. 49. Harper, L. (1994, April 5). Labor letter. Wall Street Journal, A1.

  50. 50. EEOC Web site. (2013). www.eeoc.gov.

  51. 51. Milkovich, G. T., and Newman, J. M. (2008). Compensation (9th ed.). Chicago: Irwin.

  52. 52. The Economist. (2006, February 18). Turning boomers into boomerangs, 65–67.

  53. 53. The Economist. (2011, April 9). Age shall not wither them, 78.

  54. 54. ADA Web site. (2010). www.ada.gov.

  55. 55. EEOC. (1992, January). A technical assistance manual on the employment provisions of the Americans with Disabilities Act.

  56. 56. Segal, J. (2010, May). Presumed disability. HRMagazine, 95–98; HR Focus. (2010, May). ADA Amendments Act update: Issues HR professionals must know, 12–15.

  57. 57. Mendez, J. (2012, March). Disability discrimination: Is the work environment getting any better? Insightintodiversity.com, 10–11.

  58. 58. Reinhard, C. (2008). A growing population: Morbid obesity and the ADA. The Metropolitan Corporate Counsel. www.metrocorpcounsel.com; Workers’ Comp Insider. (2006, September 14). Morbid obesity and the ADA: Maybe protected, maybe not. www.workerscompinsider.com/archives/.

  59. 59. Hatch, D., Hall, J., and Kobata, M. (2005, March). EEOC guidance on dealing with intellectual disabilities. Workforce Management, 16; EEOC Web site. (2005). www.eeoc.gov/facts/intellectual_disabilities.html.

  60. 60. Petesch, P. J. (1999, June). Are the newest ADA guidelines “reasonable”? HRMagazine, 54–58.

  61. 61. The Economist. (1998, April 18). The halt, the blind, the dyslexic, 25–26.

  62. 62. Martinez, M. N. (1990, November). Creative ways to employ people with disabilities. HRMagazine, 40–44, 101.

  63. 63. EEOC Web site. (2008). www.eeoc.gov.

  64. 64. HR Specialist: Employment Law. (2012, June). Accommodating mental disabilities: The 5 key Q & As, 7.

  65. 65. EEOC Web site. (2008). www.eeoc.gov.

  66. 66. EEOC Web site. (2008). www.eeoc.gov.

  67. 67. EEOC Web site. (2013). www.eeoc.gov.

  68. 68. Johnson v. Santa Clara County, Transportation Agency, Santa Clara County, 107 S.Ct. 1442, 43 FEP Cases 411 (1987); Nazario, S. L. (1989, June 27). Many minorities feel torn by experience of affirmative action. Wall Street Journal, A1; Roberts, S. V. (1995, February 13). Affirmative action on the edge. U.S. News & World Report, 32–38.

  69. 69. Regents of the University of California v. Bakke, 438 U.S. 265 (1978).

  70. 70. Brunner, B. (2010). Affirmative action history. www.infoplease.com.

  71. 71. The Economist. (1995, April 15). A question of colour, 13–14.

  72. 72. Wynter, L. (1996, February 7). Business and race. Wall Street Journal, B1.

  73. 73. Sovereign, K. L. (1994). Personnel Law (2nd ed.). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall.

  74. 74. Ledvinka, J., and Scarpello, V. G. (1991). Federal regulation of personnel and human resource management (2nd ed.). Boston: PWS-Kent.

  75. 75. BNA’s Employee Relations Weekly. (1994, March 28). Testing programs deter abuse, are cost effective, report says, 12, 349.

  76. 76. HR Focus. (2008, September). How to fight workplace discrimination: Tips from EEOC lawyers, 7–11.

  77. 77. HR News. (1994, March). Washington scorecard, 13, 4.

  78. 78. Hall, F. S., and Hall, E. L. (1994). The ADA: Going beyond the law. Academy of Management Executive, 8, 17–26.

  79. 79. HR News. (1994, March). Legal report, 18.

  80. 80. Miclat, C. (2000, January). Recognition policies protect from potential discrimination. Workforce, 72–73.

  81. 81. HR Focus. (2008, March). Interview questions that should be on every company’s “don’t” list, 9.

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