Contents

PART 1 Seeing People as a Strategic Resource

Chapter 1
Creating Value Through Human Resources

A Manager's Perspective   WHAT DO YOU THINK?
How Can Human Resource Management Make an Organization Effective?   BUILDING STRENGTH THROUGH HR: Trader Joe's
How Is Organizational Success Determined?   HOW DO WE KNOW? Does Effective Human Resource Management Increase Organizational Success?
      Success in Life-Cycle Stages    
      Success from Stakeholder Perspectives    
      The Chain of Success   HOW DO WE KNOW? Why Are Some Organizations More Effective than Others?
What Does Human Resource Management Provide to an Organization?   TECHNOLOGY IN HR: Using Web-Based Information to Manage People
      Core Human Resource Functions    
      Spreading Knowledge about Human Resource Practices    
What Do Human Resource Specialists Do?   BUILDING STRENGTH THROUGH HR: Edwards Lifesciences
      Human Resource Roles    
      Human Resource Competencies   BUILDING STRENGTH THROUGH HR: McDonald's
How Will Current Trends Affect Human Resource Management?    
      Population Trends    
      Labor Force Trends    
      Employment Trends    
      Trends in Education and Training    
      Globalizations Trends    
How Do Strategic and Functional Perspectives Combine to Direct Human Resource Practices?    
A Manager's Perspective Revisited    
Summary/Key Terms/Discussion Questions    
Cases   EXAMPLE CASE: Zappos
    DISCUSSION CASE: Curt's Cowboy Corner
Exercises   EXPERIENTIAL EXERCISE: Visit the SHRM Website
    INTERACTIVE EXPERIENTIAL EXERCISE: Building an HR Department at Mega Manufacturing

Chapter 2
Making Human Resource Management Strategic

A Manager's Perspective   WHAT DO YOU THINK?
How Can a Strategic Approach to Human Resources Improve an Organization?    
How Is Strategy Formulated?   BUILDING STRENGTH THROUGH HR: Southwest Airlines
      Gathering Information    
      Analyzing Information and Making Decisions   TECHNOLOGY IN HR: Twitter as an Opportunity for Business
What Are Common Competitive Business Strategies?   HOW DO WE KNOW? What Differentiates Fast-Food Restaurants?
      Cost Leadership Strategy    
      Differentiation Strategy    
      Combination Strategy    
What Are Basic Approaches to Human Resource Strategy?   HOW DO WE KNOW? Do Good Human Resource Practices Improve Performance?
      The Universalistic Approach    
      The Contingency Approach   BUILDING STRENGTH THROUGH HR: Fenmarc Produce Ltd
What Are Common Human Resource Strategies?    
      Internal/Cost HR Strategy: The Loyal Soldier    
      External/Cost HR Strategy: The Bargain Laborer    
      Internal/Differentiation HR Strategy: The Committed Expert    
      External/Differentiation HR Strategy: The Free Agent    
How Do Human Resource Strategies Align with Competitive Business Strategies?   HOW DO WE KNOW? Do Human Resource Practices Influence Customer Service?
      Research Supporting the Contingency Perspective    
      Putting it all Together    
A Manager's Perspective Revisited    
Summary/Key Terms/Discussion Questions    
Cases   EXAMPLE CASE: United Parcel Service
    DISCUSSION CASE: Mountain Bank
Exercises   EXPERIENTIAL EXERCISE: Explore Company Websites
    INTERACTIVE EXPERIENTIAL EXERCISE: HR Strategy in Action: Selling the HR Function at Mega Manufacturing

Chapter 3
Ensuring Equal Employment Opportunity and Safety

A Manager's Perspective   WHAT DO YOU THINK?
Why Is It Important to Understand Legal and Safety Issues?   BUILDING STRENGTH THROUGH HR: Responding to Discrimination Claims
What Is the Main Law Relating to Discrimination and Employment?   HOW DO WE KNOW? Do Courts Give Companies Credit for Good HR Practices?
      Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964    
      The Civil Rights Act of 1991   HOW DO WE KNOW? Who Is Most Likely to Unfairly Discriminate?
      Application of U.S. Laws to International Employers   TECHNOLOGY IN HR: Legal Issues with Internet and Email Use
What Are Other Important Employment Laws?    
      The Age Discrimination in Employment Act    
      The Americans with Disabilities Act    
      The Equal Pay Act    
      The Family and Medical Leave Act    
How Can Organizations Increase Diversity?   BUILDING STRENGTH THROUGH HR: PepsiCo
      Executive Order 11246    
      Restrictions on Affirmative Action Plans    
      Affirmative Action Plans Today    
What Are the Major Laws Relating to Occupational Safety?   BUILDING STRENGTH THROUGH HR: Union Pacific Corporation
      Occupational Safety and Health Act    
      Workers' Compensation    
What Specific Practices Increase Fairness and Safety?   HOW DO WE KNOW? What Can Organizations Do to Promote Safety?
      Employees    
      Leadership    
A Manager's Perspective Revisited    
Summary/Key Terms/Discussion Questions    
Cases   EXAMPLE CASE: Xerox
    DISCUSSION CASE: Jones Feed and Seed
Exercises   EXPERIENTIAL EXERCISE: Locating Government Resources on the Web
    INTERACTIVE EXPERIENTIAL EXERCISE: The Legal Side of HR: Handling Equal Employment Issues at Mega Manufacturing

PART 2 Securing Effective Employees

Chapter 4
Designing Productive and Satisfying Work

A Manager's Perspective   WHAT DO YOU THINK?
How Can Strategic Design of Work Tasks Improve an Organization?   BUILDING STRENGTH THROUGH HR: W. L. Gore & Associates
How Is Work Design Strategic?   HOW DO WE KNOW? Do Empowered Teams Have Higher Performance?
      Developing Autonomy    
      Developing Interdependence    
      Linking Autonomy and Interdependence to HR Strategy    
How Are Employee Jobs Determined?   BUILDING STRENGTH THROUGH HR: Purolator
      The Job Analysis Process    
      Specific Methods of Collecting Job Analysis Information    
      How Is Job Description Information Made Useful?    
      Job Analysis and Legal Issues    
      Competency Modeling    
How Do We Determine the Tasks Associated with Each Job?   BUILDING STRENGTH THROUGH HR: Leicester Royal Infirmary
      Mechanistic Approach    
      Motivational Approach   HOW DO WE KNOW? Do Employees Work Harder When They Think Their Tasks Matter?
      Perceptual Approach    
      Biological Approach    
      Combining Work Design Approaches    
How Can Work Be Designed to Improve Family Life?   BUILDING STRENGTH THROUGH HR: International Business Machines Corporation
      Flexible Work Scheduling    
      Alternative Work Locations   TECHNOLOGY IN HR: Potential Problems With Working From Home
A Manager's Perspective Revisited    
Summary/Key Terms/Discussion Questions    
Cases   EXAMPLE CASE: Coney Island Hospital
    DISCUSSION CASE: Josh's Toy Manufacturing
Exercises   EXPERIENTIAL EXERCISE: Assessing the Accuracy of Job Descriptions
    INTERACTIVE EXPERIENTIAL EXERCISE: Job Design: Creating New Positions at Graphics Design, Inc.

Chapter 5
Recruiting Talented Employees

A Manager's Perspective   WHAT DO YOU THINK?
How Can Strategic Recruiting Make an Organization Effective?   BUILDING STRENGTH THROUGH HR: Google
How Is Employee Recruiting Strategic?   HOW DO WE KNOW? Why Do Realistic Job Previews Reduce Employee Turnover?
      Broad Versus Targeted Skill Scope    
      Internal Versus External Sourcing    
      Realistic Versus Idealistic Messaging    
How Does Human Resource Planning Facilitate Recruiting?   BUILDING STRENGTH THROUGH HR: WellPoint Health Networks
      The Planning Process    
      Batch and Flow Approaches    
      Centralization of Processes    
Who Searches for Jobs?   HOW DO WE KNOW? Who Succeeds in a Job Search?
      New Workforce Entrants    
      Unemployed Workers    
      Workers Currently Employed    
What Characteristics Make an Organization Attractive?   HOW DO WE KNOW? Are Early Job Offers Better?
      Generally Attractive Characteristics    
      Fit Between People and Organizations    
What Are Common Recruiting Sources?   TECHNOLOGY IN HR: Staying in Touch with Recruits
      Job Posting    
      Employee Referrals    
      Print Advertising    
      Electronic Advertising    
      Employment Agencies    
      Campus Recruiting    
How Is Recruiting Effectiveness Determined?    
      Common Measures    
      Differences among Recruiting Sources    
A Manager's Perspective Revisited    
Summary/Key Terms/Discussion Questions    
Cases   EXAMPLE CASE: MITRE
    DISCUSSION CASE: Friendly Financial Works
Exercises   EXPERIENTIAL EXERCISE: Learning about Your Career Center
    INTERACTIVE EXPERIENTIAL EXERCISE: Strategic Recruitment: Finding the Right People for Graphics Design, Inc.

Chapter 6
Selecting Employees Who Fit

A Manager's Perspective   WHAT DO YOU THINK?
How Can Strategic Employee Selection Improve an Organization?   BUILDING STRENGTH THROUGH HR: United States Marine Corps
How Is Employee Selection Strategic?    
      Aligning Talent and HR Strategy    
      Making Strategic Selection Decisions   HOW DO WE KNOW? Which Type of Fit Is Most Important?
What Makes a Selection Method Good?    
      Reliability    
      Validity    
      Utility    
      Legality and Fairness    
      Acceptability    
What Selection Methods Are Commonly Used?   HOW DO WE KNOW? Is It Better to Be Smart or Beautiful?
      Testing   TECHNOLOGY IN HR: Administering Tests on the Internet
      Information Gathering   BUILDING STRENGTH THROUGH HR: Target
      Interviewing   HOW DO WE KNOW? Does It Matter How You Shake Hands in an Interview?
How Are Final Selection Decisions Made?    
      Predictor Weighting Approach    
      Minimum Cutoffs Approach    
      Multiple Hurdles Approach    
      Banding Approach    
A Manager's Perspective Revisited    
Summary/Key Terms/Discussion Questions    
Cases   EXAMPLE CASE: Outback Steakhouse
    DISCUSSION CASE: Stringtown Iron Works
Exercises   EXPERIENTIAL EXERCISE: Learning through Interviewing
    INTERACTIVE EXPERIENTIAL EXERCISE: Employee Selection: Choosing the Best of the Best for Graphics Design, Inc.

Chapter 7
Managing Employee Retention and Separation

A Manager's Perspective   WHAT DO YOU THINK?
How Can Strategic Employee Retention and Separation Make an Organization Effective?    
How Are Employee Retention and Separation Strategic?   BUILDING STRENGTH THROUGH HR: SAS Institute, Inc.
      Strategic Emphasis on Employee Retention    
      Strategic Emphasis on Employee Separation    
How Can Undesirable Employee Turnover Be Reduced?   BUILDING STRENGTH THROUGH HR: Convergys Corporation
      Recognizing Paths to Voluntary Turnover    
      Understanding Decisions to Quit   TECHNOLOGY IN HR: Computerized Orientation Programs
      Organizational Practices that Reduce Turnover   BUILDING STRENGTH THROUGH HR: FreshDirect
    HOW DO WE KNOW? Are Coworkers Contagious?
How Do Layoffs Affect Individuals and Organizations?    
      The Effect of Layoffs on Organizations    
      The Effects of Layoffs on Individuals    
      Reducing the Negative Impact of Layoffs    
What Are Common Steps in Disciplining Employees?   HOW DO WE KNOW? Do Managers Think Discipline Is Fair?
      Principles of Due Process    
      The Process of Progressive Discipline    
How Should Employee Dismissals Be Carried Out?    
      Outplacement Services    
      The Dismissal Meeting    
A Manager's Perspective Revisited    
Summary/Key Terms/Discussion Questions    
Cases   EXAMPLE CASE: Apparel Inc.
    DISCUSSION CASE: County General Hospital
Exercises   EXPERIENTIAL EXERCISE: Learning about Discipline Procedures
    INTERACTIVE EXPERIENTIAL EXERCISE: Turnover: Dealing with the Good, the Bad, and the Ugly at Global Telecommunications

PART 3 Improving Employee Performance

Chapter 8
Measuring Performance and Providing Feedback

A Manager's Perspective   WHAT DO YOU THINK?
How Can Performance Management Make an Organization Effective?    
How Is Performance Management Strategic?   BUILDING STRENGTH THROUGH HR: General Electric
      Emphasizing Either Merit or Parity    
      Linking Merit and Parity Systems to HR Strategy    
What Is Performance?    
      Task Performance    
      Citizenship Performance    
      Counterproductive Performance    
How Is Performance Measured?   TECHNOLOGY IN HR: Monitoring Electronic Activity
      Contamination and Deficiency as Sources of Inaccuracy   HOW DO WE KNOW? Who Is Most Likely to Provide Error-Free Ratings?
      General Types of Performance Measures    
      Common Problems with Performance Measures    
      Rating Formats    
Who Should Measure Performance?   HOW DO WE KNOW? Is Performance Management the Same Around the World?
      Multisource Performance Ratings    
      Rating Source Differences    
How Should Feedback Be Provided?   TECHNOLOGY IN HR: Feedback Through Twitter and Facebook
      Providing Positive and Negative Feedback   BUILDING STRENGTH THROUGH HR: Whirlpool Corporation
      Effectively Communicating Methods for Improvement    
      Reducing Negative Emotional Responses    
      Building High Expectations    
A Manager's Perspective Revisited    
Summary/Key Terms/Discussion Questions    
Cases   EXAMPLE CASE: Medical Center
    DISCUSSION CASE: Reliable Underwriters
Exercises   EXPERIENTIAL EXERCISE: Assessing Performance in Sports
    INTERACTIVE EXPERIENTIAL EXERCISE: Performance Appraisal: Delivering Positive and Negative Feedback at Global Telecommunications

Chapter 9
Training for Improved Performance

A Manager's Perspective   WHAT DO YOU THINK?
How Can Strategic Employee Training Improve an Organization?   BUILDING STRENGTH THROUGH HR: Rockwell Collins
How Is Employee Training Strategic?   BUILDING STRENGTH THROUGH HR: Apple
      Differentiation versus Cost Leadership Strategy    
      Internal Versus External Labor Orientation    
What Are Key Principles for Getting Benefits from Training?    
      Partnership    
      Systematic Process    
How Are Training Needs Determined?    
      Proactive Needs Assessment    
      Reactive Needs Assessment    
      Prioritizing and Creating Objectives    
How Is Effective Training Designed and Delivered?   HOW DO WE KNOW? Is There One Best Way to Train for Computer Skills?
      Content   TECHNOLOGY IN HR: Benefits and Drawbacks of e-Learning
      Training Methods   HOW DO WE KNOW? How Can Transfer Be Enhanced?
      Training Media    
      Transfer-Enhancement Techniques    
      Putting It All Together    
How Do Organizations Determine Whether Training Is Effective?    
      Purpose    
      Outcomes    
      Design    
      Results    
A Manager's Perspective Revisited    
Summary/Key Terms/Discussion Questions    
Cases   EXAMPLE CASE: Northwestern Memorial Hospital
    DISCUSSION CASE: Hypothetical Telecommunications
Exercises   EXPERIENTIAL EXERCISE: Finding an Off-the-Shelf Training Product
    INTERACTIVE EXPERIENTIAL EXERCISE: The Art of Training: Finding the Right Program for Global Telecommunications

Chapter 10
Developing Employees and Their Careers

A Manager's Perspective   WHAT DO YOU THINK?
How Can Strategic Employee Development Make an Organization Effective?   BUILDING STRENGTH THROUGH HR: Aflac
How Is Employee Development Strategic?    
      External Versus Internal Labor Orientation    
      Differentiation Versus Cost Strategy    
What Are Careers Like Today?    
How Can Organizations Help Employees Develop?   HOW DO WE KNOW? Can a Feedback Program Really Improve Performance?
      Formal Education   HOW DO WE KNOW? How Do We Maximize the Return on Mentoring?
      Assessments and Feedback    
      Work Experiences    
      Developmental Relationships    
How Do Organizations Integrate Development Efforts?   BUILDING STRENGTH THROUGH HR: LG Electronics
      Competency Model   TECHNOLOGY IN HR: National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA)
      Career Development Process    
      Technology    
What Are Some Important Career Development Challenges?    
      Orienting New Employees    
      Reducing Burnout    
      Helping Employees Balance Work with Personal Lives    
      Developing a Diverse Workforce    
      Managing International Assignments    
A Manager's Perspective Revisited    
Summary/Key Terms/Discussion Questions    
Cases   EXAMPLE CASE: Expanding into Switzerland
    DISCUSSION CASE: First Day on the Job
Exercises   EXPERIENTIAL EXERCISE: Creating a Personal Development Plan
    INTERACTIVE EXPERIENTIAL EXERCISE: Career Development: Building a Workforce for Long-Term Success at Global Telecommunications

PART 4 Motivating and Managing Employees

Chapter 11
Motivating Employees Through Compensation

A Manager's Perspective   WHAT DO YOU THINK?
How Can Strategic Employee Compensation Make an Organization Effective?   BUILDING STRENGTH THROUGH HR: Marriott International, Inc.
How Is Employee Compensation Strategic?    
      External Versus Internal Labor    
      Differentiation Versus Cost Strategy    
      Aligning Compensation with HR Strategy    
How Does Compensation Motivate People?   HOW DO WE KNOW? Do Contingent Rewards Really Improve Performance?
      Theories of Motivation    
      Linking Motivation with Strategy    
How Is Compensation Level Determined?   TECHNOLOGY IN HR: Be Careful When Obtaining Information
      Pay Surveys   BUILDING STRENGTH THROUGH HR: The Container Store
      Pay-Level Strategies    
      Linking Compensation Level and Strategy    
How Is Compensation Structure Determined?    
      Job-Based Pay    
      Skill-Based Pay    
      Linking Compensation Structure to Strategy    
How Do Government Regulations Influence Compensation?   HOW DO WE KNOW? Do People Lose Sleep Over Pay?
      Fair Labor Standards Act    
      State and Local Regulations    
A Manager's Perspective Revisited    
Summary/Key Terms/Discussion Questions    
Cases   EXAMPLE CASE: Delphi Corporation
    DISCUSSION CASE: Joe's Hamburger Grill
Exercises   EXPERIENTIAL EXERCISE: Conduct a Pay Survey Using BLS Data
    INTERACTIVE EXPERIENSTIAL EXERCISE: How Much to Pay: Finding the Right Balance at SuperFoods

Chapter 12
Designing Compensation and Benefit Packages

A Manager's Perspective   WHAT DO YOU THINK?
How Can a Strategic Compensation Package Make an Organization Effective?   BUILDING STRENGTH THROUGH HR: IKEA
How Do Compensation Packages Align with Strategy?   BUILDING STRENGTH THROUGH HR: Strategically Managing Compensation During a Recession
      At-Risk Compensation    
      Line of Sight    
      Common Elements of Compensation Packages    
What Are Common Approaches to Base Pay?   BUILDING STRENGTH THROUGH HR: Netflix
What Are Common Employee Benefit Plans?   BUILDING STRENGTH THROUGH HR: Burton Snowboards
      Legally Required Benefits    
      Discretionary Benefits    
      Flexible Benefit Programs    
What Are Common Individual Incentives?   TECHNOLOGY IN HR: Enterprise Incentive Management
      Piece-Rate Incentives   HOW DO WE KNOW? Does How Much You Make Depend on How Much You Weigh?
      Commissions    
      Merit Pay Increases    
      Merit Bonuses    
What Are Common Group and Organizational Incentives?   BUILDING STRENGTH THROUGH HR: Deere & Company
      Team Bonuses and Incentives    
      Gainsharing    
      Profit Sharing    
      Stock Plans    
How Do Strategic Decisions Influence a Compensation Package?    
A Manager's Perspective Revisited    
Summary/Key Terms/Discussion Questions    
Cases   EXAMPLE CASE: Best Buy
    DISCUSSION CASE: Collegiate Promotions
Exercises   EXPERIENTIAL EXERCISE: Learning Through Interviewing
    INTERACTIVE EXPERIENTIAL EXERCISE: Is It All about Base Salary? Explaining Compensation Issues at SuperFoods

Chapter 13
Working Effectively with Labor

A Manager's Perspective   WHAT DO YOU THINK?
How Can Good Labor Relations Make an Organization Effective?    
How Are Labor Relations Strategic?   BUILDING STRENGTH THROUGH HR: Kaiser Permanente
    BUILDING STRENGTH THROUGH HR: MidState Medical Center
How Has Organized Labor Evolved over Time?   HOW DO WE KNOW? Can Unions Make Life Better for Childcare Workers?
      The Influence of Government Regulations    
      Current Trends in Organized Labor    
      International Differences in Organized Labor    
      The Effect of Labor Unions on Nonunion Workers    
How Do Workers Become Part of a Union?    
      Union Organizing Campaigns    
      Decertification Campaigns    
      Factors Influencing Union Campaigns    
What Happens During Labor Negotiations and Collective Bargaining?   TECHNOLOGY IN HR: Replacing Laborers with Computers
      Bargaining Topics   HOW DO WE KNOW? Does Cooperating with Unions Help Organizations Succeed?
      Work Stoppages    
      The Bargaining Atmosphere    
      Interest-Based Negotiation    
What Is the Grievance Process?    
      Grievance Procedures    
      Determinants of Grievance Filing    
      Grievance Mediation    
A Manager's Perspective Revisited    
Summary/Key Terms/Discussion Questions    
Cases   EXAMPLE CASE: Energy Co.
    DISCUSSION CASE: Teaching Assistants at State University    
Exercises   EXPERIENTIAL EXERCISE: Investigating the Labor–Management Partnership
    INTERACTIVE EXPERIENTIAL EXERCISE: Unions: Negotiating a New Labor Contract for Mega Manufacturing

Chapter 14
Aligning Strategy with Practice

A Manager's Perspective   WHAT DO YOU THINK?
How Can Alignment of HR Practices Make an Organization Effective?   BUILDING STRENGTH THROUGH HR: Walt Disney World
What Are Two Basic Forms of Strategic Alignment?    
How Do HR Practices Align with One Another?   HOW DO WE KNOW? What Happens When Organizations Send Mixed Signals about the Value of Employees?
      External/Cost: Alignment for Bargain Laborers    
      Internal/Cost: Alignment for Loyal Soldiers   BUILDING STRENGTH THROUGH HR: U.S. Navy
      Internal/Differentiation: Alignment for Committed Experts    
      External/Differentiation: Alignment for Free Agents    
What Are Some Other HR Issues?   HOW DO WE KNOW? Does Working in a Foreign Country Require More Skill?
      Variations of Basic Strategies    
      HR as an Input to Competitive Strategy    
      The Role of HR in Small Businesses    
What Might the Future of HR Look Like?   BUILDING STRENGTH THROUGH HR: Ford Motor Company
      Volatile Economic Conditions    
      Increased Emphasis on Sustainabilty    
      Growth of Social Networking    
      Balancing of Work and Family    
      Adaptation of Healthcare Legislation    
A Manager's Perspective Revisited    
Summary/Key Terms/Discussion Questions    
Cases   EXAMPLE CASE: Portman Ritz-Carlton in Shanghai, China
    DISCUSSION CASE: Technology Consultants
Exercises   EXPERIENTIAL EXERCISE: Learning about Company Cultures
    INTERACTIVE EXPERIENTIAL EXERCISE: A Final Journey: Communicating the Strategic Importance of HR

APPENDICES (available online at www.wiley.com/college/stewart)

Appendix A
Occupational Outlook for HR Managers and Specialists

Appendix B
HR Certification Institute Bodies of Knowledge

Appendix C
HR People & Strategy Pillars of Knowledge

Appendix D
Organizations of Interest to HR Students and Professionals

Appendix E
Journals Useful to HR Students and Professionals

Glossary

Name and Company Index

Subject Index

Appendix Summary

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