Producing Frequency Tables Using PROC FREQ
The FREQ procedure
is a descriptive procedure as well as a statistical procedure. It
produces one-way and n-way
frequency tables, and it concisely describes data by reporting the
distribution of variable values. Use the FREQ procedure to create
crosstabulation tables that summarize data for two or more categorical
variables by showing the number of observations for each combination
of variable values.
PROC FREQ Syntax
The FREQ procedure can include many statements and options
for controlling frequency output.
|
Syntax, FREQ procedure:
PROC FREQ
<options>;
RUN;
|
You can specify the
following options in the PROC FREQ statement:
COMPRESS
begins display of the
next one-way frequency table on the same page as the preceding one-way
table if there is enough space to begin the table. By default, the
next one-way table begins on the current page only if the entire table
fits on that page. The COMPRESS option is not valid with PAGE=option.
FORMCHAR(1,2,7)= "formchar-string"
defines the characters
to be used for constructing the outlines and dividers for the cells
of crosstabulation table displays. formchar-string should
be three characters long. The characters are used to draw the vertical
separators (1), the horizontal separators (2), and the vertical-horizontal
intersections (7). If you do not specify the FORMCHAR= option, PROC
FREQ uses FORMCHAR(1,2,7)='|-+' by default.
NLEVELS
displays the "Number
of Variable Levels" table, which provides the number of levels
for each variable named in the TABLES statements.
NOPRINT
suppresses the display
of all output. Use the NOPRINT option when all you want to create
is an output data set.
ORDER=DATA | FORMATTED | FREQ | INTERNAL
specifies the order
of the variable levels in the frequency and crosstabulation tables,
which you request in the TABLES statement. By default, ORDER=INTERNAL.
The FORMATTED and INTERNAL orders are machine-dependent. The ORDER=
option does not apply to missing values, which are always ordered
first. The ORDER= option can take the following values.
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Value of ORDER=
|
How Levels Are Ordered
|
|---|---|
|
DATA
|
Order of appearance
in the input data set
|
|
FORMATTED
|
External formatted value,
except for numeric variables with no explicit format, which are sorted
by their unformatted (internal) value
|
|
FREQ
|
Descending frequency
count; levels with the most observations come first in the order
|
|
INTERNAL
|
Unformatted value
|
By default, PROC FREQ
creates a one-way table with the frequency, percent, cumulative frequency,
and cumulative for of all variables in a data set. This can produce
excessive or inappropriate output. It is recommended that you always
use a TABLES statement with PROC FREQ.
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Variable
|
Frequency
|
Percent
|
Cumulative Frequency
|
Cumulative Percent
|
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Value
|
Number of observations
with the value
|
Frequency of the value
divided by the total number of observations
|
Sum of the frequency
counts of the value and all other values listed above it in the table
|
Cumulative frequency
of the value divided by the total number of observations
|
For example, the following
FREQ procedure creates a frequency table for each variable in the
data set Finance.Loans. All the unique values are shown for the variables
Department and Job Category.
proc freq data=finance.usa; run;
Figure 9.12 Frequency Table for Department and Job Category (partial HTML
output)
Last updated: January 10, 2018
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