Index
50% reduction rule
52-53 week year
AAA (Accumulated Adjustments Account)
Ab“above the line” deductions (taxes)
alimony or separate maintenance payments
discrimination suit costs
interest on education loans
jury duty pay remitted to employer
moving expenses
penalties for time deposit premature withdrawals
property held for production of rents or royalties
qualified tuition and related expenses
reimbursed employee business expenses
retirement plan contributions
teachers’ expenses
Accelerated death benefits
Acceptance
contracts
defined
sales contracts
Accident benefits
Accommodation
negotiable instruments
sales contracts
Accountants’ responsibilities
common law liability to clients
common law liability to third parties (nonclients)
disciplinary systems
legal considerations affecting
regulation of the profession
statutory liability against
statutory liability to third parties
Accounting method
Accounting periods
defined
individual taxation
Accrual method
Accumulated Adjustments Account (AAA)
Accumulated earnings and profits (AEP)
Accumulated earnings credit
Accumulated earnings tax (AET)
Accuracy-related tax penalty
Acquisition
of personal property
Acquisition indebtedness, tax deduction for
Acts of employees
Actual authority
ADA (Americans with Disabilities Act)
ADEA (Age Discrimination in Employment Act)
Adjusted basis
Adjusted gross income (AGI)
defined
itemized deductions from
charitable contributions
interest expense
medical and dental expenses
miscellaneous deductions
personal casualty and theft gains and losses
taxes
Adoption expenses
as gross income exclusion
tax credit for
ADS (alternative depreciation system)
Adverse possession
AEP (accumulated earnings and profits)
AET (accumulated earnings tax)
Affiliated corporations
Age Discrimination in Employment Act (ADEA)
Agency
characteristics of
duties and rights
examples of principals and agents
key terms
liability to third parties
methods of creation
termination of principal-agent relationship
Agents
defined
duties to principal
examples of
termination of principal-agent relationship
AGI. See adjusted gross income
AICPA Code of Professional Conduct
AICPA Content and Skills Specification Outlines
Alcohol fuels tax credit
Alimony
as “above the line” tax deductions
included in gross income
Alimony recapture
Alternate valuation date (estate tax)
Alternative depreciation system (ADS)
Alternative minimum tax (AMT)
for corporations
for individuals
tax planning for
Alternative minimum taxable income (AMTI)
American Opportunity Tax Credit
Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA)
Amortization (individual taxation)
Amount realized
AMT. See alternative minimum tax
AMTI (alternative minimum taxable income)
Annual exclusion (gift tax)
Annuities
as gross income exclusion
included in gross income
Antifraud provisions
Securities Act of 1933
Securities Exchange Act of 1934
Antispam law
Antitrust law
Clayton Act of 1914
Federal Trade Commission Act of 1914
key terms
Robinson-Patman Act of 1936
Sherman Act of 1890
Apparent authority
Appeals, tax
Arbitration (contracts)
Articles of Incorporation
Artisan’s lien
Assessments
for improvements
tax deficiency
Asset acquisitions
stock purchases as
Asset(s)
capital
intangible
net
Assignment
for benefit of creditors
of commercial paper
of income
of rights under contracts
At-risk basis
partners
S corporations
At-risk limitation
Attachment
defined
liens
of security interests
Auctions
Auditors
defenses under Securities Act of 1933 and Securities Exchange Act of 1934
reliance on other auditors’ work
responsibilities under Private Securities Litigation Reform Act
responsibilities under Sarbanes-Oxley Act
Audits
duty to perform
environmental compliance
tax
Authority
actual
apparent
of agents
sources of federal tax authority
substantial
to practice, rules governing
Authorized stock
Averaging convention (depreciation)
Awards, in gross income
Bad debts, deduction of
Bailee
Bailments
Bailor
Bank debit cards
Bank draft
Banker’s acceptance
Banking
agencies involved in
Bankruptcy
alternatives to
and breach of contract
Bankruptcy Abuse Prevention and Consumer Protection Act of 2005
business reorganization (Chapter 11)
Chapter 7 bankruptcy proceedings
claims
debts adjustment plans (Chapter 13)
debts not discharged by
discharge of the debtor
filing petition for
involuntary (Chapter 7) bankruptcy
voluntary (Chapter 7) bankruptcy
key terms
priority of claims
reaffirmation
revocation of discharge
types of
Bankruptcy Abuse Prevention and Consumer Protection Act of 2005
Bankruptcy fees
Banks
checks presented to
electronic fund transfers
Bargain deeds
Basis
adjusted
at-risk
of partners
S corporations
carryover
modified carryover
of property
acquired by gift
acquired from a decedent
in transfers to controlled corporations
partnerships
mandatory adjustments to
original basis
partner’s basis in
reasonable
stock
and shareholder deductions
in transfers to controlled corporations
S corporations
Battle of forms (sales contracts)
Bearer paper
Bequests, as gross income exclusion
BFOQ (bona fide occupational qualification)
Bilateral contracts
Blue-sky laws (state)
Bona fide occupational qualification (BFOQ)
Bonds
defined
market discount
surety
tax exclusion of state or municipal bond interest
Bonuses, for corporate officers
Boot
Breach of contract
anticipatory
liability to clients for
sales contracts
Broker(s)
Brother-sister corporate groups
Built-in gains tax (S corporations)
Business bad debts, deduction of
Business energy tax credit
Business gifts
as gross income exclusion
deductions for
Business income and deductions (taxes)
at-risk limitation for losses
business use of home
gross income
net operating loss
ordinary and necessary expenses
passive losses and credits
Business judgment rule
Business property gains and losses
Section 1231
Section 1245 recapture
Section 1250 recapture
Section 291 recapture
Business reorganization (Chapter 11)
Business start-up costs, amortization of
Business structure
corporations
characteristics and advantages of
directors of
disadvantages of
financial structure of
formation of
liabilities of
officers of
powers of
stockholders’ liabilities
stockholders’ rights
Subchapter C
Subchapter S
substantial change in structure
types of
joint ventures
key terms
limited liability companies
partnerships
formation of
limited
limited liability
nature of
partners’ rights and operation of
relationship to third parties
termination of
sole proprietorships
Business use of home
C corporations
comparison of S corporations, partnerships, and
defined
taxable year for
Calendar year
Callable stock
Canceled stock
Capacity
as surety or guarantor
defined
legal
Capital asset(s)
contributed by partners
defined
Capital expenditures
for medical equipment
Capital gains and losses
exclusion for small business stock
for corporations
long-term
on property transactions
on sale of partnership interest
rollover of gains from publicly traded securities
short-term capital gains
Capital surplus
Carryover basis property
Cash method
and partnership tax treatment
defined
in tax accounting
Cashier’s check
Casualty losses
on property transactions
tax deductions for
tax planning for
CDs (certificates of deposit)
CEP (current earnings and profits)
CERCLA (Comprehensive Environmental, Compensation, and Liability Act)
Certificates of deposit (CDs)
Certification marks
Certified check
CFCs (controlled foreign corporations)
Change in taxable year
Chapter 7 bankruptcy
defined
involuntary bankruptcy petitions
proceedings
voluntary bankruptcy petitions
Chapter 11 bankruptcy (business reorganization)
Chapter 13 bankruptcy (debts adjustment plans)
Charitable contributions
corporate tax deductions for
individual tax deductions for
nondeductible contributions
qualified organizations for
Charitable gifts, taxes on
Checks
as type of draft
payment information on
presented to banks
Child and dependent care tax credit
Child support payments
as gross income exclusion
included in gross income
Child support, multiple support agreement for
Child tax credit (CTC)
Circuit Courts of Appeals
CISG (contracts for the international sales of goods)
Civil fraud penalty
Civil liability
Securities Act of 1933
Securities Exchange Act of 1934
Civil Rights Act of 1964, Title VII
Claims, bankruptcy
Clayton Act of 1914
Clean Air Act
Clean Water Act
Clients, common law liability to
Close corporations
Closing agreement (tax deficiencies)
COBRA (Consolidated Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act)
Code of Professional Conduct (AICPA)
Collateral
Collective marks
Combined corporate groups
Combined reporting
Commercial paper
agencies involved in banking
banks
drafts (bills of exchange)
Electronic Fund Transfer Act
functions of
fund transfers under UCC
holder in due course
key terms
liability of parties
negotiable
interpretation of ambiguities in
requirements of negotiability
transfer of documents of title
negotiation of
notes (promissory notes)
Regulation E
types of checks
Common carrier
Common law
defined
environmental law
Common law liability
to clients
to third parties (nonclients)
Common stock
Company-owned life insurance
Compensation
for corporate officers
unemployment
Workers’ Compensation Act
Compensatory damages
Complete liquidations
Complex trust
Composition agreement with creditors
Comprehensive Environmental, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA)
Compromise (tax deficiencies)
Computer Matching and Privacy Act
Computer technology rights. See intellectual property and computer technology rights
Concurrently held property
Consent dividends
Consideration
Consignment (security interest)
Consolidated Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act (COBRA)
Consolidations
as change in corporate structure
Constructive fraud
defined
liability to clients for
Constructive receipt
Constructive stock ownership rules
Consumer goods
defined
purchase money security interest in
Consumer Software Copyright Act
Contract liability
Contract price
Contracts
acceptance
assignment
consideration
corporations’ liability for
defined
delegation
discharge of
essential elements of
for sale of goods
forming
performance of
for the international sales of goods
formation defenses
interference with contractual relations
key terms
legal capacity
legality
offer
online
oral
performance of
remedies
third-party beneficiary
types of
written
and antispam law
and electronic payments
exceptions to requirement for
modifications of under UCC
online
parol evidence rule
requirement for
shrink-wrap licenses sales
Statute of Frauds
using faxes
Contracts for sale of land
Contracts for the international sales of goods (CISG)
Contractual liability (negotiable instruments)
Contributions
Contributions to capital
Contributory negligence
Controlled corporations (controlled groups)
defined
transfers to
Controlled foreign corporations (CFCs)
Controlled partnerships, transactions with
Controlling person
Conversions, in tax planning
Convertible preferred stock
Copyright
Copyright law
Corporate reorganizations
Corporate taxation
accumulated earnings tax
affiliated groups
combined groups
controlled groups
corporate reorganizations
dividends and distributions
key terms
personal holding companies
S corporations
built-in gains tax
election filings
eligibility requirements
Form 1120S filing
insurance premiums and fringe benefits
LIFO recapture
limit on deductible loss for shareholders
passive investment tax
shareholders
shareholders’ stock basis
termination of
treatment of distributions
Section 1244, small business corporation stock
transfers to controlled corporations
variations from individual taxation
alternative minimum tax
deductions
filing and payment of tax
gross income
order of calculations
reconciling book and taxable income
tax rates
Corporations
capital gain and loss rules for
characteristics and advantages of
comparison of C and S corporations, and partnerships
directors of
disadvantages of
financial structure of
formation of
liabilities of
officers of
powers of
stockholders’ liabilities
stockholders’ rights
Subchapter C See also C corporations
Subchapter S See also S corporations
substantial change in structure
taxable year for
types of
Cosmetic surgery
Cost method
for depletion
Cost of maintaining household, tax deduction for
Cost of property
Cosureties
Counterfeit Access Device and Computer Fraud and Abuse Act
Counteroffers
Covered opinion
Creditor beneficiary
Creditors
rights and duties of
rights and remedies in suretyship and guaranty
Creditor’s committee
Credits
from passive activities
tax. See tax credits
Crimes, corporations’ liability for
Criminal liability
Securities Act of 1933
Securities Exchange Act of 1934
Cross income
business income and deductions
passive losses and credits
Crummey trusts
CTC (child tax credit)
Cumulative preferred stock
Current distribution
Current earnings and profits (CEP)
Cybersquatting
Damages
compensatory
for injury or sickness
mitigation of
monetary
sales contracts
De facto corporations
De jure corporations
De minimis fringes
Debenture
Debt
Fair Debt Collection Practices Act
not discharged by bankruptcy
Debt issuance (by corporations)
Debt securities
Debt-financed portfolio stock
Debtor-creditor relationships
key terms
rights and duties of debtors and creditors
suretyship and guaranty
cosureties
creditor’s rights and remedies
nature of
surety bonds
surety’s/guarantor’s defenses
surety’s/guarantor’s rights and remedies
Debtors
defined
rights and duties of
Debts adjustment plans (Chapter 13 bankruptcy)
Decedent
income in respect of a
property acquired from
Deductions (tax)
“above the line”
corporations
defined
estate taxes
S corporations
trust taxes
Deed of trust
Deeds
defined
executing
recording
types of
Deemed paid credit
Default (secured transactions)
defined
rights of parties upon
Defenses
against holder in due course
in contract formation
of auditors under Securities Act of 1933 and Securities Exchange Act of 1934
surety’s/guarantor’s
Del credere
Delegation (contracts)
Dental expenses, tax deductions for
Dependent care assistance
Dependents, tax exemption for
Depletion (individual taxation)
Depreciation (taxation)
modified accelerated cost recovery system
property in service prior to 1981
Destination contract
Devises
Digital Millennium Copyright Act
Direct Public Offerings (DPO)
Directors (of corporations)
Disabled access
removal of structural barriers
tax credit for
Discharge
defined
of contracts
of indebtedness
of the debtor (bankruptcy)
revocation of
Disciplinary systems
Disclaimers (warranties)
Disclosed principal
Disclosure(s)
Fair Credit and Charge Card Disclosure Act
Sarbanes-Oxley Act requirements
Securities Exchange Act of 1934 requirements
Discrimination
Age Discrimination in Employment Act
deductible cost of lawsuit
employment
Pregnancy Discrimination Act
price
Dispute resolution, online
Dissociation
Dissolution
defined
of corporations
of limited partnerships
Distributable net income (DNI)
Distributable shares (in partnerships)
Distributions
from corporations
from partnerships
adjustment to basis upon
non–pro rata
pro rata
from S corporations
to related persons
Dividends
and corporate taxation
as gross income exclusion
basis of stock received as
consent
defined
on insurance policies
qualified
right to
Dividends received deduction (DRD)
Division of partnerships
DNI (distributable net income)
Doctrine of substantial performance
Dodd-Frank Act of 2010
Domestic corporations
Domestic production activities deduction (DPAD)
Donee beneficiary
DPO (Direct Public Offerings)
Draft (bill of exchange)
defined
types of
Drawee
commercial paper
defined
Drawer
commercial paper
defined
forged signature of
DRD (dividends received deduction)
Drug testing
Due care
Due diligence
defined
Securities Act of 1933
Duress (contracts)
Duties (obligations)
of agency
of bailees
of debtors and creditors
of lessees
Duties (obligations)
of agency
E-agents
Earned income tax credit
Earned surplus (retained earnings)
Earnings
of corporations
Easement
by prescription
defined
ECI (income that is effectively connected with a US trade or business)
Economic Espionage Act
Economic performance, in accrual method
Education expenses
as “above the line” tax deductions
Sec. 529 educational savings plan
unreimbursed by employer
Education IRAs, deductible contributions to
Education loans, deduction for interest on
Educational assistance programs
Educational gift exclusion
Ee“-ee“(sufix)
EIS (environmental impact statement)
Elderly and disabled tax credit
Electing large partnerships
Election filings (S corporations)
Electronic Fund Transfer Act
Electronic payments
Electronic signatures and electronic records
Elementary teachers, deductible expenses for
E-mail, employer rights to
Embedded computer software
Emergency Planning and Community Right-to-Know Act
Employee benefits
Employee discounts
Employee fringe benefits
Employee Polygraph Protection Act
Employee Retirement Income Security Act (ERISA)
Employee safety laws
Employee stock purchase plans
Employee(s)
as agent
defined
independent contractors vs.
Employer
as principal
defined
rights to employee e-mail
Employer social security tax credit
Employer-owned life insurance
Employer-provided child care tax credit
Employment
Employment discrimination
Employment law
employee safety
employer rights to e-mail
employment discrimination
Federal Consolidated Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act
Federal Employee Polygraph Protection Act and Drug Testing
Federal Fair Labor Standards Act
Federal Social Security Act
key terms
National Labor Relations Act
pensions
Worker Adjustment and Retraining Notification Act
Workers’ Compensation Act
Empowerment zone employment tax credit
Endangered Species Act
Endorsement
defined
of commercial paper
Energy Independence and Security Act
Entertainment (business), tax rules for
Environmental compliance audits
Environmental impact statement (EIS)
Environmental law
common law
environmental compliance audits
Environmental Protection Agency
federal statutory laws
international ozone protection
key terms
Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)
Equal Credit Opportunity Act
Equal Pay Act
Equipment
ERISA (Employee Retirement Income Security Act)
Estate tax valuation misstatement penalty
Estate taxes
income taxation of
taxable year for
Estate(s)
defined
gross
termination of
Estimated tax
payments of
tax planning for
Estimates, in preparing tax returns
Exclusions (from gross income)
defined
employee benefits
life insurance proceeds
Exclusive agent
Exculpatory clauses
Excused performance
Executed contracts
Executory contracts
Exempt organizations
Exempt securities
Securities Act of 1933
Securities Exchange Act of 1934
Exempt transactions or offerings (Securities Act of 1933)
Exemptions
alternative minimum tax
for estate or trust taxes
individual taxation
Expense(s)
farming
in accrual method
on sale or disposition of property between related taxpayers
Express contracts
Express warranties
Face value
Fair Credit and Charge Card Disclosure Act
Fair Credit Billing Act
Fair Credit Reporting Act
Fair Debt Collection Practices Act
Fair disclosure, Securities Exchange Act of 1934 requirements
Fair Labor Standards Act (FLSA)
Fair use doctrine
Family and Medical Leave Act
Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act
Family partnerships
Farming income and expenses
Faxed contracts
FDAP (fixed and determinable annual or periodical income)
Federal Anticybersquatting Consumer Protection Act
Federal Environmental Pesticide Control Act
Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act
Federal Insurance Contributions Act (FICA)
Federal securities acts
and state “blue-sky,”
electronic signatures and electronic records
Internet Securities Offering
key terms
Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (SOX)
professional and legal responsibilities under
requirements for officers and directors
Securities Act of 1933
antifraud provisions
civil liability
criminal liability
defined
definitions under
exempt securities
exempt transactions or offerings
liability to third parties
purposes of
registration requirements
whistle-blower protection
Securities Exchange Act of 1934
and Foreign Corrupt Practices Act
antifraud provisions
civil liability
criminal liability
defined
disclosures required by
exempt securities
insider reporting requirements
liability to third parties
proxy solicitations
purposes
registration requirements
Regulation Fair Disclosure
remedies against violators of
sanctions available to SEC under
SEC reports required by
short-swing profits
statute of limitations for securities fraud
tender offers
Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection (Dodd-Frank) Act of 2010
Federal tax authority, sources of
Federal tax legislative process
Federal Telecommunications Act
Federal Trade Commission Act of 1914
Federal Unemployment Tax Act (FUTA)
Federal unemployment tax, computation of
Fee simple
Feeder organizations
Fees
bankruptcy
Fellowships
FICA. See Federal Insurance Contributions Act
Fictitious payee rule
Fiduciary duties
Field warehousing (secured transactions)
Filing requirements
for corporations
for exempt organizations
Filing status
Final regulations
Financial Modernization (Gramm-Leach Bliley) Act of 1999
Financial structure (corporations)
Financing statement
Firm offer
Fiscal year
Fitness for a particular purpose, warranty of
Fixed and determinable annual or periodical income (FDAP)
Fixtures
Floating lien
FLSA (Fair Labor Standards Act)
Foreign activities, US taxation of US persons on
Foreign base company income
Foreign base company sales income
Foreign corporations
transfer of property to
Foreign Corrupt Practices Act of 1977
Foreign earned income exclusion
Foreign personal holding company
Foreign persons, US taxation of
Foreign tax credit
Foreseeable party
Foreseen party
Forged endorsements
Form 1120 schedules
Form 1120S filing
Form 706
Formation defenses
contracts
defined
Foundations
Fraud
contracts
defined
liability to clients for
Fringe benefits
as gross income exclusion
S corporation taxation
Frivolous positions
Fund transfers, under UCC
FUTA (Federal Unemployment Tax Act)
Future interest
Gain(s)
capital
exclusion for small business stock
for corporations
long-term
on property transactions
on sale of partnership interest
short-term capital gains
in controlled partnerships
in transfers to controlled corporations
income tax consequences of
business property
capital
personal casualty and theft
on distribution of appreciated property
on involuntary conversions of property
on liquidation of subsidiaries
on sales and other dispositions of property
ordinary
on business property held one year or less
on sale of partnership interest
on sale or disposition of property
personal casualty and theft
realized
rollover of gains from publicly traded securities
S corporation built-in gains tax
Gambling winnings
Garnishment
General agents
General business credit
General partnerships
General power of appointment
Generation-skipping tax (GST)
Gift
defined
property acquired by
property transfer in part sale and part gift
Gift tax return (Form 709)
Gift tax valuation misstatement penalty
Gift taxes
Gift-splitting
Good faith
defined
in contract compliance
sales contracts
Goods
acquired in the future
as collateral
defined
Gramm-Leach Bliley (Financial Modernization) Act of 1999
Grant deeds
Grantor trusts
Gratuitous agency
Gross estate
Gross income
accounting periods
amortization
business income and deductions
at risk limitation of losses
business use of home
gross income
net operating loss
ordinary and necessary expenses
passive losses and credits
defined
depletion
depreciation
modified accelerated cost recovery system
property in service prior to 1981
domestic production activities deduction
exclusions from
employee benefits
life insurance proceeds
for a business
for an estate or trust
for corporations
itemized deductions from adjusted gross income
charitable contributions
interest expense
medical and dental expenses
miscellaneous deductions
personal casualty and theft gains and losses
taxes
items included in
Sec. 197 intangibles
tax accounting methods
Gross negligence, liability to clients for
Group-term life insurance premiums
GST. See generation-skipping tax
Guaranteed payments (partnerships)
Guarantor
Guaranty. See suretyship and guaranty
HDC. See holder in due course
Head of houshold tax filing status
Health benefits
Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act
Hobbies, taxable income from
Holder
defined
of negotiable instrument
Holder in due course (HDC)
defined
rights of
Holding period
for partners
for partnerships
Home equity indebtedness, tax deduction for
Homestead exemption
Horizontal restraints of trade
Identity theft
Identity Theft and Assumption Deterrence Act
Illegal acts by clients
Implied contracts
Implied warranties
Imposter rule
Incentive stock options
Incidental beneficiary
Income
alternative minimum taxable
assignment of
business income and taxes
at risk limitation for losses
business use of home
gross income
net operating loss
ordinary and necessary expenses
passive losses and credits
distributable net
farming
gross. See gross income
in accrual method
nonbusiness
partnership
passive investment
reconciling book and taxable income
unearned, kiddie tax on
unrelated business
Income distribution deduction, for estate or trust taxes
Income in respect of a decedent
Income taxes
and property transactions
business property gains and losses
capital gains and losses
key terms
personal casualty and theft gains and losses
sales and other dispositions
income tax paid as deductible
individual. See individual taxation
of estates and trusts
refund claims
Income that is effectively connected with a US trade or business (ECI)
Incompetent persons, contracts and
Indemnity contracts
Independent contractors
defined
employees vs.
Indispensable paper, as collateral
Individual Retirement Accounts (IRAs)
Individual taxation
“above the line” deductions
alimony or separate maintenance payments
discrimination suits costs
interest on education loans
jury duty pay remitted to employer
moving expenses
penalties for time deposit premature withdrawals
property held for production of rents or royalties
qualified tuition and related expenses
reimbursed employee business expenses
retirement plan contributions
self-employed premiums for medical insurance
self-employment tax paid
teachers’ expenses
“above the line” deductions qualified tuition and related expenses
estimated tax payments
exemptions
farming income and expenses
filing requirements
gross income on individual returns
accounting periods
business income and deductions
definition of gross income
depreciation, depletion, and amortization
domestic production activities deduction
exclusions from gross income
exclusions, deductions, and credits
items included in
tax accounting methods
itemized deductions from adjusted gross income
charitable contributions
interest expense
medical and dental expenses
miscellaneous deductions
personal casualty and theft gains and losses
taxes
key terms
tax computation
alternative minimum tax
federal unemployment tax
filing status
self-employment tax
social security
tax rate schedule
tax tables
tax credits
tax procedures
Information Infrastructure Protection Act
Inheritances
Injunction (contracts)
Innkeeper’s lien
Innocent misrepresentation (contracts)
Insider reporting requirements
Sarbanes-Oxley Act requirements
Securities Exchange Act of 1934
Insiders
defined
preferential transfers made to
Insolvent financial institutions, losses on deposits in
Installment methods (tax accounting)
Installment sales
tax planning for
Insurance
title
unemployment
Insurance policies
exchange of
life insurance
Insurance premiums
S corporation taxation
self-employed medical insurance
Intangible assets acquired, amortization of
Intangible property
Intangibles, as collateral
Intellectual property and computer technology rights
copyright law
Counterfeit Access Device and Computer Fraud and Abuse Act
Digital Millennium Copyright Act
Federal Telecommunications Act
Identity Theft and Assumption Deterrence Act
Information Infrastructure Protection Act
Internet treaties
invasion of privacy
Lanham Act
certification marks
collective marks
sevice marks
trademarks under
online dispute resolution
palming off
patent law
Semiconductor Chip Protection Act
trade secrets law
Uniform Computer Information Transactions Act
Intellectual property, charitable contributions of
Intentional torts
Interest
included in gross income
on education loans
on overpayment of taxes
on sale or disposition of property between related taxpayers
Interest expense, tax deductions for
Interest income, as gross income exclusion
Interests, in real property
Interference with contractual relations
Internal control
Internal Revenue Code (IRC)
Internal Revenue Service (IRS)
International ozone protection
International taxation
Internet Securities Offering (ISO)
Internet treaties
Interpretive regulations
Intoxication, legal capacity and
Intrastate issues
Inurement
Invasion of privacy
Inventory
and sale of partnership interest
contributed by partners
defined
Investment interest, tax deduction for
Involuntary bankruptcy petitions
Involuntary conversions of property
IRAs (Individual Retirement Accounts)
IRC (Internal Revenue Code)
IRS (Internal Revenue Service)
ISO (Internet Securities Offering)
Issued stock
Itemized deductions
from adjusted gross income
charitable contributions
interest expense
medical and dental expenses
miscellaneous deductions
personal casualty and theft gains and losses
taxes
tax planning for
JEEP (Joint Ethics Enforcement Program)
Joint and several liability
defined
environmental law
Joint Ethics Enforcement Program (JEEP)
Joint liability
Joint tenancy
Joint ventures
Judgment liens
Jury duty pay remitted to employer
Kiddie tax on unearned income
Knowledge of error (in tax return preparation)
Land, contracts for sale of land
Landlord
Lanham Act
certification marks
collective marks
service marks
trademarks under
Large corporations
defined
taxation of
Leadholds
Lease improvements
Lease(s)
defined
under UCC
Leasehold improvements
Legal capacity (contracts)
Legal responsibilities. See professional and legal responsibilities
Legality, of contracts
Legislative regulations
Lessor, replacement property for
Lessor-lessee relationship
Liability(ies)
and partner’s basis
civil
Securities Act of 1933
Securities Exchange Act of 1934
common law
to clients
to third parties (nonclients)
criminal
Securities Act of 1933
Securities Exchange Act of 1934
for credit card unauthorized charges
in agency relationships
in limited liability partnerships
in partnerships
in property exchanges
in suretyship and guaranty
of commercial paper parties
of corporate directors
of corporation stockholders
of corporations
of cosureties
product
statutory
against accountants
to third parties
Licenses sales, shrink-wrap
Liens
Life insurance proceeds
Life interest (life estate)
Lifetime learning tax credit
LIFO recapture (S corporations)
Like-kind exchanges
Limited liability companies (LLCs)
Limited liability partnerships (LLPs)
Limited partners
Limited partnerships
Liquidating distribution
Liquidation(s). See also Chapter 7 bankruptcy
complete
defined
of subsidiaries
LLCs. See limited liability companies
LLPs. See also limited liability partnerships
Lodging (business expense)
Long-term capital gain or loss
Long-term capital gain property, charitable contribution of
Loss(es)
at risk limitation for
capital
deposits in insolvent financial institutions
exclusion for small business stock
for corporations
on property transactions
on sale of partnership interest
casualty and theft
from passive activites
in controlled partnerships
in transfers to controlled corporations
income tax consequences of
business property
capital
personal casualty and theft
of S corporations
on involuntary conversions of property
on liquidation of subsidiaries
on sale of partnership interest
on sales and other dispositions of property
between related taxpayers
deposits in insolvent financial institutions
ordinary
as corporate deductions
on business property held one year or less
on SBC stock
partnership
personal casualty
realized
risk of
Low-income housing tax credit
Mailbox Rule
Majority rule
Maker
commercial paper
defined
forged signature of
Mandatory adjustments to basis of partnership property
Marine Protection, Research, and Sanctuaries Act
Marital deduction (gift taxes)
Market discount bonds
Material facts
Material participation
Materialman’s lien
Meals (business expense)
as gross income exclusion
tax rules for
Mechanic’s lien
Medical expenses
tax deductions for
tax planning for
Medical gift exclusion
Medical insurance, self-employed premiums for
Medical saving accounts (MSAs)
Merchant
Mergers
as change in corporate structure
defined
of partnerships
Minimum tax credit (corporations)
Minister’s allowances
Minority rule
Minors, contracts and
Mirror image rule
Misrepresentation (contracts)
Mistakes (contracts)
Mitigation of damages
Model Statutory Close Corporation Supplement
Modification of contracts
sales contracts
under UCC
Modified carryover basis
Modified Hope scholarship credit (American Opportunity Tax Credit)
Monetary damages (contracts)
Money order
Monopolization
Monopoly power
More likely than not standard
Mortgagee
Mortgages
Mortgagor
Moving expenses
as “above the line” tax deduction
as gross income exclusion
MSAs (medical savings accounts)
Multijurisdictional taxation
Multiple support agreement (taxes)
Municipal bonds interest
Mutual assent
National Environmental Policy Act
National Labor Relations Act (NLRA)
Negligence
defined
liability to clients for
product liability
Negligence penalty (taxes)
Negligent misrepresentation
Negotiable
Negotiable commercial paper
interpretation of ambiguities in
requirements of negotiability
transfer of documents of title
Negotiation
commercial paper
defined
NET Act (No Electronic Theft Act)
Net assets
Net capital loss
Net operating loss (NOL)
for corporations
of acquired corporations
tax deductions for
tax planning for
Ninety-day letter
NLRA (National Labor Relations Act)
No additional-cost services
No Electronic Theft Act (NET Act)
Noise Control Act
NOL. See net operating loss
Nonbusiness bad debts, deduction of
Nonbusiness income
Nondischargeable debts
Non–pro rata distributions from partnership
Nonqualified stock options
Nontaxable exchanges
No-par stock
Notes (promissory notes)
Notice
commercial paper
deed recording
Notice statute
Notice-race statute
defined
mortgages
recording deeds
Novation (mortgages)
Nuclear Waste Policy Act
Occupational Safety and Health Act (OSHA)
Offer
contracts
defined
sales contracts
Officers
compensation and bonuses for
of corporations
Oil Pollution Act
Online auctions
Online contracts
intent to accept
jurisdiction over defendant for
Online dispute resolution
Operational test (tax exemption)
Option (option contract)
Or“-or“(suffix)
Oral contracts
Order for relief
Order paper
Ordinary and necessary expenses (for businesses)
Ordinary gain
on business property held one year or less
on sale of partnership interest
on sale or disposition of property
Ordinary loss
as corporate deductions
on business property held one year or less
on SBC stock
Organizational expenditures
of corporations
deduction of
defined
of partnerships
Organizational test (tax exemption)
Original basis (partnerships)
OSHA (Occupational Safety and Health Act)
Outside salesman expenses
Outstanding stock
Ozone protection, international
Palming off
Parent-subsidiary corporate groups
Parol evidence rule
Partially disclosed principal
Participating preferred stock
Parties
in suretyship and guaranty
to secured transactions
Partner’s basis in partnership
Partner’s holding period
Partnership agreements
Partnership income and loss
Partnership interest
Partnership ordinary income or loss
Partnership(s)
comparison of C and S corporations with
defined
formation of
limited
limited liability
nature of
partners’ rights and operation of
relationship to third parties
tax treatment of
entity classification
formation of partnership
key terms
mandatory adjustments to basis of partnership property
non–pro rata distributions from partnership
partner’s basis in partnership
partnership agreements
partnership income and loss
pro rata distributions from partnership
sale of partnership interest
Sec. 754 adjustment to basis of partnership property
taxable year
termination or continuation of partnership
transactions with controlled partnerships
use of cash method
taxable year for
termination of
Partnership’s holding period
Par-value stock
Passive activities
for S corporations
in tax planning
loss limitations for
tax and losses and credits from
Passive credit
Passive investment income
Passive investment tax
Passive loss
defined
individual taxation
Pass-through entities
Patent law
Patents
charitable contributions of
defined
Payable to bearer
Payable to order
Payee
commercial paper
defined
Payments
electronic
of corporate taxes
Payroll factor
PCAOB. See Public Company Accounting Oversight Board
Penalties
for late tax filing or failure to file
for late tax payment
for tax return preparers
for time deposit premature withdrawals
Pension distributions
Pensions
as gross income exclusion
laws related to
Per se rule
Per share, per day rule
Percentage method (depletion)
Percentage-of-completion method
Perfect tender rule
Perfecting security interests
Perfection
Performance (contracts)
Periodic tenancy
Person, defined
Personal casualty gains and losses
on property transactions
tax deductions for
Personal defenses (against HDC)
Personal holding companies (PHCs)
Personal holding company tax
Personal interest
Personal property (personalty)
acquisition of
bailments
depreciation of
intellectual and computer technology rights
real property vs.
Personal property taxes (ARB 43)
Personal service corporations, taxable year for
Phaseout rule
PHCs (personal holding companies)
Piercing the corporate veil
Place of tender
Pledge
PMSI (purchase money security interest)
Political contributions
Political gifts
Pollution Prevention Act
Power of attorney
Powers
of corporate directors
of corporations
Practice before the IRS
Preemptive right
Preexisting debts
Preferential transfers
Chapter 7 bankruptcy
defined
Preferred stock
Pregnancy Discrimination Act
Preparer See also tax return preparers
Present interest
Price discrimination
Primary beneficiary
Primary liability
Principal residence, sale or exchange of
Principals
defined
disclosure of
duties to agents
examples of
termination of principal-agent relationship
Priorities, in secured transactions
Priority of claims (bankruptcy)
Privacy invasion of
Privacy laws
Private foundations
Private letter rulings
Private Securities Litigation Reform Act
Privileged communication
Privity of contract
Prizes
Pro forma information
Pro rata distributions from partnership
Product liability
Professional and legal responsibilities
accountants
common law liability to clients
common law liability to third parties (nonclients)
legal considerations affecting
statutory liability against
statutory liability to third parties
auditors’ responsibilities under Private Securities Litigation Reform Act
criminal liability
disciplinary systems
key terms
regulation of the profession
regulatory bodies
tax return preparers
AICPA Statements on Standards for Tax Services
penalties for
Treasury Department Circular 230
under Sarbanes-Oxley Act
Professional corporations
Profit (land interests)
Profits, of corporations
Promissory estoppel
Promissory notes
Promoters
Property
held for production of rents or royalties
personal
acquisition of
bailments
intellectual and computer technology rights
real property vs.
real
adverse possession
contracts for sale of land
easement by prescription
executing deeds
interests in
lessor-lessee
mortgages
personal property vs.
recording deeds
title insurance
types of deeds
Property factor
Property rights
Property settlements
Property transaction tax consequences
business property gains and losses
Section 1231
Section 1245 recapture
Section 1250 recapture
Section 291 recapture
capital gains and losses
key terms
personal casualty and theft gains and losses
sales and other dispositions
basis of property
gain or loss
losses on deposits in insolvent financial institutions
losses, expenses, and interest between related taxpayers
nontaxable exchanges
ordinary gain
securities sales and exchanges
taxable exchanges
transfer between spouses
transfers in part sale and in part gift
transfers to corporations
Proposed regulations
Prospectuses
Proxy
Proxy solicitations
Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (PCAOB)
creation of
defined
regulation by
Public Company Accounting Reform and Investor Protection Act See also Sarbanes-Oxley Act
Publicly traded partnerships
Purchase money security interest (PMSI)
Qualified dividends
Qualified retirement savings tax credit
Qualified terminable interest property gifts
Quitclaim deeds
Race statute
defined
mortgages
recording deeds
Racketeer Influenced and Corrupt Organization (RICO) Act
Ratification
Reaffirmation
bankruptcy
defined
Real defenses (against HDC)
Real estate contract
Real Estate Settlement Procedures Act (RESPA)
Real property (realty)
adverse possession
contracts for sale of land
defined
depreciation of
easement by prescription
executing deeds
interests in
lessor-lessee
mortgages
personal property vs.
recording deeds
title insurance
types of deeds
Real property taxes (ARB 43)
Realistic possibility standard
Realized gain or loss
Realized income
Reasonable basis
Receivables
contributed by partners
unrealized, on sale of partnership interest
Receiverships
Recission (contracts)
Recognition of income
Reconciliation, of book and taxable income
Recording
deeds
defined
Records
electronic
Recovery property
Recurring expenses, in accrual method
Redeemable stock
Reduced earned income credit
Reformation (contracts)
Reg FD (Regulation Fair Disclsoure)
Registered tax return preparers (RTRP)
Registration requirements
Securities Act of 1933
Securities Exchange Act of 1934
Registration statement (SEC)
Regulation
antitrust law
Clayton Act of 1914
Federal Trade Commission Act of 1914
Robinson-Patman Act of 1936
Sherman Act of 1890
employment law
employee safety
employer rights to e-mail
employment discrimination
Federal Consolidated Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act
Federal Employee Polygraph Protection Act and Drug Testing
Federal Federal Fair Labor Standards Act
Federal Social Security Act
National Labor Relations Act
pensions
Worker Adjustment and Retraining Notification Act
Workers’ Compensation Act
environmental law
common law
environmental compliance audits
Environmental Protection Agency
federal statutory laws
international ozone protection
Federal Telecommunications Act
identity theft
key terms
of the profession
Telephone Consumer Protection Act
Regulation D
Regulation E
Regulation Fair Disclosure (Reg FD)
Regulatory bodies
Rehabilitation expenditures tax credit
Reimbursed employee business expenses
Reimbursements
Related persons, distributions to
Related taxpayers
defined
losses, expenses, and interest between
Related-taxpayer transactions
Release (contracts)
Relevant market
Reliance opinion
Remainder
Remedies
contracts
in suretyship and guaranty
creditors’ remedies
suretys’ and guarantors’ remedies
under sales law
under Securities Exchange Act of 1934
Rental activity
Rents, tax accounting for
property held for production of rent
rents received in advance
Reorganization (rehabilitation) See also Chapter 11 bankruptcy (business reorganization)
Reorganizations, corporate
Replacement property, basis of
Residence interest, deductions for
Residence, sale or exchange of
Resource Conservation and Recovery Act
RESPA (Real Estate Settlement Procedures Act)
Respondeat superior
Restatement (third) of torts
product liability
Restitution (contracts)
Restraint of trade
Retained earnings
Retirement plan contributions
Retirement plan distributions, taxes on
Retirement savings, tax credit for
Revenue procedures
Revenue rolling
Revenue rulings
Reversion
Revised Business Corporation Act
Revised Uniform Limited Partnership Act (RULPA)
Revised Uniform Partnership Act (RUPA)
Revocation of discharge (bankruptcy)
RICO (Racketeer Influenced and Corrupt Organization) Act
Right to Financial Privacy Act
Rights
in limited partnerships
in partnerships
in suretyship and guaranty
cosureties’ rights
creditors’ rights
sureties’ and guarantors’ rights
of agency
of corporation stockholders
of debtors and creditors
of lessees
of parties upon default
Risk of loss
defined
sales
Robinson-Patman Act of 1936
Roth IRAs
Royalties, tax accounting for
property held for production of royalties
royalties received in advance
RTRP (registered tax return preparers)
Rule of reason
RULPA (Revised Uniform Limited Partnership Act)
RUPA (Revised Uniform Partnership Act)
S corporations
comparison of C corporations, partnerships, and
defined
taxation of
built-in gains tax
election filings
eligibility requirements
Form 1120S filing
insurance premiums and fringe benefits
LIFO recapture
limit on deductible loss for shareholders
passive investment tax
shareholders
shareholders’ stock basis
taxable year for
termination of
treatment of distributions
Safe Drinking Water Act
Sale deeds
Sale(s) See also sales and other disposition (of property)
contracts for sale of goods
forming
international sales
performance of
contracts for sale of land
key terms
leases under UCC
of a company
of partnership interest
product liability
remedies under sales law
risk of loss
transfer of title (property rights)
Sales and other dispositions (of property)
basis of property
gain or loss
losses on deposits in insolvent financial institutions
losses, expenses, and interest between related taxpayers
nontaxable exchanges
ordinary gain
securities sales and exchanges
taxable exchanges
transfer between spouses
transfers in part sale and in part gift
Sales contracts
forming
performance of
Sales factor
Sales of securities
SALT (state and local taxation)
Sanctions, under Securities Exchange Act of 1934
Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (SOX)
professional and legal responsibilities under
requriements for officers and directors
Savings bonds for higher education
Savings incentive match plan for employees (SIMPLE)
SBC (small business corporation) stock
Schedule M-1
Schedule M-2
Schedule M-3
Scholarships
Scienter
Scope of employment
SEC. See also US Securities and Exchange Commission
Secondary liability
defined
negotiable instruments
Secondary teachers, deductible expenses for
Section 1231 property
Section 1244 stock
Section 1245 property
Section 1245 recapture
Section 1250 property
Section 1250 recapture
Section 179 expense election
Section 197 intangibles
Section 291 recapture
Section 501(c)(3) organizations
Section 529 educational savings plan
Section 751 property
Section 754 election
adjustment to basis of partnership property
defined
Secured debt
Secured party
Secured transactions
attachment of security interests
collateral for
consignments
embedded computer software
field warehousing
goods acquired in the future
key terms
parties to
perfecting security interests
priorities
rights of parties
security agreement
Securities
debt
defined
exchange of
exempt
Securities Act of 1933
Securities Exchange Act of 1934
publicly traded, rollover of capital gain from
sales of
uncertificated
worthless
Securities Act of 1933
antifraud provisions
civil liability
criminal liability
defined
definitions under
exempt securities
exempt transactions or offerings
liability to third parties
purposes of
registration requirements
whistle-blower protection
Securities Exchange Act of 1934
and Foreign Corrupt Practices Act of 1977
antifraud provisions
civil liability
criminal liability
defined
disclosures required by
exempt securities
insider reporting requirements
liability to third parties
proxy solicitations
purposes
registration requirements
Regulation Fair Disclosure
remedies against violators of
sanctions available to SEC under
SEC reports required by
short-swing profits
statute of limitations for securities fraud
tender offers
Securities fraud, statute of limitations for
Securities sales and exchanges
Security agreement
defined
secured transactions
Security deposits, tax accounting for
Security interests
attachment of
consignment of
defined
in goods acquired in the future
perfecting
Self-employed premiums for medical insurance
Self-employment
deduction of self-employment tax paid
deductions for contributions to retirement plans
defined
Self-Employment Contributions Act
Self-employment tax
as “above the line” tax deductions
computation of
Semiconductor Chip Protection Act
SEP (simplified employee pension) plan
Separate maintenance payments
as “above the line” tax deduction
included in gross income
Service marks
Several liability
Shareholders (S corporations)
limit on deductible loss
stock basis
Shelter Rule
Sherman Act of 1890
Shipment contract
Short-swing profits
Short-term capital gains
Short-term capital losses
Shrink-wrap licenses sales
Sight draft
Signatures
electronic
negotiable instruments
SIMPLE (savings incentive match plan for employees)
Simple trust
Simplified employee pension (SEP) plan
SIP (state implementation plan)
Small business corporation (SBC) stock
Small business taxpayers
cash method in tax accounting
net operating loss
Small corporation exemption
Small issues
Social Security Act
Social security benefits, in gross income
Social security, computation of
Sole proprietorships
defined
nature of
taxable year for
Sourcing rules
Special rules (tax accounting)
Specific performance (contracts)
Spouses
tax exemption for
transfer of property between
Start-up costs
amortization of
State and local taxation (SALT)
State boards of accountancy
State bonds interest
State implementation plan (SIP)
State laws
based on Revised Business Corporation Act
State laws:
Stated capital (legal capital)
Statements on Standards for Tax Services
Statute of Frauds
Statute of limitations
and breach of contract
for sale of goods
for securities fraud
Statutory liability
against accountants
to third parties
Stay
Stock
authorized
callable
canceled
common
debt-financed
gain or loss on issuance of
incentive stock options
issued
nonqualified stock options
no-par
of S corporations
of small business corporations
outstanding
par-value
preferred
received as a dividend, basis of
redeemable
Sec. 1244
small-business, capital gains exclusion for
transfer between related taxpayers
treasury
unissued
watered
worthless
Stock basis
Stock options
Stock purchases, as asset acquisitions
Stock redemptions
and corporate transactions
defined
Stock rights
basis of
Stockholders’ liabilities
classes of
corporations
marketing of
Stockholders’ rights
Stop payment order
Straight bankruptcy. See Chapter 7 bankruptcy
Strict liability (environmental law)
Strict product liability
Subagents
Subchapter C corporations. See C corporations
Subchapter S corporations. See S corporations
Sublease
Subpart F income
Subrogation
Subsidiary, liquidation of
Substantial authority
Substantial change in structure
Substantial overstatement of pension liabilities penalty
Substantial performance, doctrine of
Substantial understatement of income tax penalty
Substantial valuation misstatement penalty
Sue, stockholder’s right to
Suffixes “-or” and “-ee”
Surety
Surety bonds
Suretyship and guaranty
cosureties
creditor’s rights and remedies
nature of
surety bonds
surety’s/guarantor’s defenses
surety’s/guarantor’s rights and remedies
Surplus
Tangible property
Tax accounting methods
Tax benefit rule
Tax court
Tax credits
adoption expenses
alcohol fuels
and alternative minimum tax
business energy credit
child and dependent care
child tax credit
defined
disabled access
earned income
elderly and disabled
employer social security
employer-provided child care
empowerment zone employment
foreign
general business credit
lifetime learning
low-income housing
minimum, for corporations
modified Hope scholarship
qualified retirement savings
rehabilitation expenditures
work opportunity
Tax filing requirements
Tax lien
Tax planning
conversion
income and deduction shifting
timing in
Tax procedures
Tax rates
corporations
individuals
Tax refunds, interest on
Tax return positions
Tax return preparers
AICPA Statements on Standards for Tax Services
penalties for
Treasury Department Circular 230
Tax shelter transactions
Tax tables
Taxable exchanges of property
Taxable year
and partnership tax treatment
for S corporations
Taxation
corporate. See corporate taxation
estate taxes
for partnerships. See partnership(s), tax treatment of
generation-skipping tax
gift taxes
income. See income taxes
individual. See individual taxation
key terms
multijurisdictional taxation
on property transactions. See property transaction tax consequences
sources of federal tax authority
tax planning
tax-exempt organizations
Taxes paid, individual tax deductions for
Tax-exempt organizations
Taxpayer exemption
Teachers’ expenses
Telephone Consumer Protection Act
Teller’s check
Temporary regulations
Tenancy at sufferance
Tenancy at will
Tenancy by the entirety
Tenancy for a term (for years)
Tenancy in common
Tenant
Tenants in common
Tender offers
defined
Securities Exchange Act of 1934
Termination
of an estate or trust
of leases
of partnerships
of principal-agent relationship
of S corporations
Theft gains and losses
on property transactions
tax deductions for
Third parties (nonclients)
agency relationships and liability to
common law liability to
defined
partnerships’ relationship to
statutory liability to
Third-party beneficiary contracts
Thirty-day letter
Time deposits premature withdrawal penalties for
Time draft
Tips income
Title insurance
Title VII, Civil Rights Act of 1964
Title, transfer of. See transfer of title (property rights)
Torts
and agency
corporations’ liability for
Toxic Substances Control Act
Trade acceptance
Trade secrets
Trade secrets law
Trademark Dilution Act of 1995
Trademarks
Transfer of property
between spouses
to controlled corporations
to foreign corporations
Transfer of title (property rights)
commercial paper
defined
warranty of
Transfer pricing
Transportation (business)
Transportation fringe benefits
Travel (business)
Traveler’s check
Treasury Department Circular 230
Treasury stock
Treble damages
Trustee (bankruptcy)
Trusts
income taxation of
property transferred to
taxable year for
termination of
Truth in Lending Act
Tuition
Tying arrangements
UBI (unrelated business income)
UCC. See Uniform Commercial Code
UCITA (Uniform Computer Information Transactions Act)
UDITPA (Uniform Division of Income for Tax Purposes Act)
Ultra vires acts
Uncertificated securities
Underwriters
Undisclosed principal
Undue influence
Unearned income, kiddie tax on
Unemployment compensation
Unemployment insurance
Uniform capitalization rules (UNICAP)
Uniform Commercial Code (UCC)
contract rules
contracts for the sale of goods
fund transfers under
leases under
modifications of written contracts under
Uniform Computer Information Transactions Act (UCITA)
Uniform CPA Examination
attributes for success in taking
common mistakes in taking
content of
Content Specification Outlines for
grading of
nondisclosure and computerization of
obtaining Notice to Schedule
planning for
process for sitting for
purpose of
researching income tax issues
scheduling of
self-study program for
Skill Specification outlines for
solutions approach to
strategy for taking
types of questions on
Uniform Division of Income for Tax Purposes Act (UDITPA)
Unilateral contracts
Unissued stock
Unitary businesses
Universal defenses (against HDC)
Unrealized receivables
contributed by partners
on sale of partnership interest
Unreimbursed employee expenses
Unrelated business income (UBI)
Unsecured debt
US Court of Federal Claims
US district courts
US Income Tax Return for Estate or Trust (Form 1041)
US obligations interest
US Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC)
civil remedies against 1934 Act violators
defined
registration statement
Regulation Fair Disclosure
responsibilities under Sarbanes-Oxley Act
sanctions available under Securities Exchange Act of 1934
Securities Exchange Act of 1934 requirements
fair disclosure
reporting
US Supreme Court
Vacation home expenses
Vehicles, charitable contribution of
Vertical restraints of trade
Vietnam Era Veterans Readjustment Assistance Act
Vocational Rehabilitation Act of 1973
Void contract
Voidable contracts
Voluntary bankruptcy petitions
Wages
Waiver (contracts)
Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act of 2010 (Dodd-Frank)
Warranty
defined
guaranty vs.
on negotiable instruments
Warranty deeds
Warranty liability
defined
negotiable instruments
Wash sales
Watered stock
Whistle-blower protection (Securities Act of 1933)
Whistle-Blower Protection Act
Winding up See also dissolution
Work opportunity tax credit
Worker Adjustment and Retraining Notification Act
Workers’ compensation
as gross income exclusion
defined
Workers’ Compensation Act
Working condition fringes
Working papers
Writ of execution
Written contracts
and antispam law
and electronic payments
exceptions to requirement for
for international sales of goods
for sales of goods
modifications of under UCC
online
parol evidence rule
requirement for
shrink-wrap licenses sales
Statute of Frauds
using faxes
