Lines 9–11
int number1 = 0; // first integer to add (initialized to 0)
int number2 = 0; // second integer to add (initialized to 0)
int sum = 0; // sum of number1 and number2 (initialized to 0)
are declarations. The identifiers number1
, number2
and sum
are the names of variables. These declarations specify that the variables number1
, number2
and sum
are data of type int, meaning that these variables will hold integer values. The declarations also initialize each of these variables to 0
.
Error-Prevention Tip 2.1
Although it’s not always necessary to initialize every variable explicitly, doing so will help you avoid many kinds of problems.
All variables must be declared with a name and a data type before they can be used in a program. Several variables of the same type may be declared in one declaration or in multiple declarations. We could have declared all three variables in one declaration by using a comma-separated list as follows:
int number1 = 0, number2 = 0, sum = 0;
This makes the program less readable and prevents us from providing comments that describe each variable’s purpose.
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