Defining a catch Handler to Process a DivideByZeroException

You saw in Section 7.10 that exceptions are processed by catch handlers. At least one catch handler (lines 37–41) must immediately follow each try block. An exception parameter should always be declared as a reference to the type of exception the catch handler can process (DivideByZeroException in this case)—this prevents copying the exception object when it’s caught and allows a catch handler to properly catch derived-class exceptions as well. When an exception occurs in a try block, the catch handler that executes is the first one whose type matches the type of the exception that occurred (i.e., the type in the catch block matches the thrown exception type exactly or is a direct or indirect base class of it). If an exception parameter includes an optional parameter name, the catch handler can use that parameter name to interact with the caught exception in the body of the catch handler, which is delimited by braces ({ and }). A catch handler typically reports the error to the user, logs it to a file, terminates the program gracefully or tries an alternate strategy to accomplish the failed task. In this example, the catch handler simply reports that the user attempted to divide by zero. Then the program prompts the user to enter two new integer values.