Characters are the fundamental building blocks of C++ source programs. Every program is composed of a sequence of characters that—when grouped together meaningfully—is interpreted by the compiler as instructions used to accomplish a task. A program may contain character constants. A character constant is an integer value represented as a character in single quotes. The value of a character constant is the integer value of the character in the machine’s character set. For example, 'z'
represents the integer value of z
(122 in the ASCII character set; see Appendix B), and '
'
represents the integer value of newline (10 in the ASCII character set).
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