| PANNING | Camera turns from one side to the other, pivoting horizontally on an axis, either right to left or left to right. |
| TILTING | Camera pivots vertically on an axis, tilting up or down. |
| TRACKING | Camera is physically moved forward or back, towards or away from the subject. |
| CRANING AND JIBBING | A movement by a camera mounted on a crane dolly. The dolly has a jib arm which can be raised and lowered rotating around its fulcrum. |
| Z/I | Zoom in. The camera is not moved but the focal length of the zoom lens is increased. This magnifies the subject without changing the perspective of the scene (as opposed to a track where the camera moves towards the subject and the perspective changes as if you were walking towards it). |
| Z/O | Zoom out. The lens is adjusted in the reverse direction from the above. |
Abbreviations Relating to Action
| A/B | As before |
| FAV | Favouring |
| F/G | Foreground |
| B/G | Background |
| F/WD | Forward |
| B/WD | Backward |
| X’s | Crosses or exits |
| CAM R | Camera right, i.e. as seen from the camera’s, and the viewer’s position when facing the action |
| CAM L | Camera left |
| O/S | Over the shoulder |
| OOV | Out of vision |
| OOFL(R) | Out of frame (left or right) |
Abbreviations Relating to Sound
| MUTE | Without sound |
| SYNC | Sound recorded synchronously with picture |
| W/T | Wildtrack (sound recorded without picture) |
| V/O | Voice-over |
| MIC | Microphone |
| F/X | Effects |
| ATMOS | Atmosphere |
Description of Shots
1. Wide angle (W/A). 2. Long shot (LS). 3. Three shot (3–s). 4. Two shot (2–s). 5. Two shot favouring X (2–s fav. X). 6. Over the shoulder two shot favouring Y (o/s 2–s fav. Y). 7. Mid shot (MS). 8. Medium close-up (MCU). 9. Close-up (CU). 10. Big close-up (BCU). 11. High angle (H/A). 12. Low angle (L/A). 13. Tracking (the camera is mounted on a dolly and physically moved). 14. Panning (the camera turns from one side to the other). 15. Tilting (the camera moves up and down).
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