In this chapter, you learned how to use SVG to create various shapes, how to lay out the SVG elements using the SVG coordinates, and how layers affect the rendering. You also learned to perform transformation on SVG elements, which will be used frequently in examples throughout this book and form an essential part of creating visuals using D3.

In the next chapter, we move back to a focus on D3.js, and in particular we will take what we have learned in this chapter with SVG and use D3 to create a data-driven bar graph using D3.js selections and SVG elements.