On the 3D View header, in the Select menu, you’ll find all the selection methods discussed above as well as several others. Those mentioned above are generally used most often, but you are encouraged to check out the rest of them as you may find others that are useful. Also, keep in mind that you can always go to the Select menu in case you don’t remember the keyboard shortcut for any of the methods described above. (Proportional Editing is not in that menu; it’s accessed from the 3D View header.)
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