Index
Please note that index links point to page beginnings from the print edition. Locations are approximate in e-readers, and you may need to page down one or more times after clicking a link to get to the indexed material.
A
access drivers, 221
actions
administrative, 153–154
character set compatibility, 87
administration
downtime and, 122
lockdown profiles, 98–101
new features, 122–131, 155, 196
online table redefinition, 122–128
partitioned tables and, 129–131
separation of duties, 153–154
SYSRAC role, 5
user/password management, 154
administrative actions, 153–154
ADO (Automatic Data Optimization), 208–209
Advanced Index Compression, 204–208
Advanced Replication, 29
agility, 108
ALTER PLUGGABLE DATABASE command, 88, 97, 113, 116
ALTER SYSTEM command, 116
application common objects, 112–113
application containers, 108–119. See also CDBs
creating, 109–111
creating application in root container, 111–113
described, 108
hints, 118–119
installing, 116
patching, 116–117
PDBs and, 93
starting, 110–111
application PDBs, 108, 113–116
application seed, 117–118
applications
compatibility, 52–53
e-commerce, 212
partitions and, 212
APPROX_* functions, 246
APPROX_COUNT_ DISTINCT function, 245
approximate query processing, 245–247
approximation, 245–247
archive files, 89, 97, 158, 164, 271
ARCHIVELOG mode, 158, 159, 163
archives, 89, 97, 158, 164, 271
ARIA algorithm, 138
array inserts, 208
ASM (Automatic Storage Management)
considerations, 29
disk space requirements, 7
oracleasm command, 29
prioritized rebalancing, 135–136
RAC. See RAC entries
setting up, 29–41
starting up, 30–39
ASM Configuration Assistant (ASMCA), 29
ASM disk groups, 28, 30, 134–136, 198
ASM instances, 31–33, 37–41, 43
ASMCA (ASM Configuration Assistant), 29, 39–41
ASMLib driver, 29
ATO (Authority to Operate) certification, 155
auditing, 149–151
AUDSYS schema, 151
Authority to Operate (ATO) certification, 155
Automatic Data Optimization (ADO), 208–209
AUTOMATIC keyword, 218–219
automatic list partitioning, 214, 217–219
Automatic Storage Management. See ASM
Automatic Workload Repository (AWR), 180
auxiliary instances, 160
availability
global, 134
high. See high availability
maximum, 93
normal, 93
AWR (Automatic Workload Repository), 180
B
BACKUP command, 163
backups
on Exadata, 163–164
PDBs, 95–96
physical, 54–55
source database, 54–55
sparse, 163–164
base release, 2
base tables, 227
BEGIN INSTALL option, 113, 116
binutils, 8
C
CAST function, 238–240
CDB profile directives, 104, 105
CDBs (container databases). See also multitenant entries
application containers. See application containers
creating, 42–43
local undo mode, 83–85
moving PDBs between, 92–94
new features, 104–106
pluggable databases. See PDBs
Resource Manager changes, 104–106
upgrading, 71–76
character sets, 86–88
cloning, 83–85, 90, 162–163, 174
Cloud Control, 253–272
application containers and, 110
configuring repository, 254–259
installing, 260–271
new features, 271–272
plugging in PDBs via, 166–174
RMAN and, 164–174
unplugging PDBs via, 164–166
Cloud Control instances, 31
cluster resource activity log, 132–133
Cluster Verification Utility (CVU), 132, 134
clusters, 47, 132–134. See also RAC entries
Clusterware/RAC upgrades, 47
columns
copying, 131
hidden/unused, 131
multicolumn list partitioning, 213, 214, 219–221
redacted, 142
COMPATIBLE parameter, 53–56, 66, 162, 208, 248
composite partitioning, 213
COMPRESS ADVANCED HIGH option, 204, 206–208
COMPRESS ADVANCED LOW option, 204, 206, 208
compress join groups, 192–193
COMPRESS option, 205–208
compression, 195–210
Advanced Index Compression, 204–208
Hybrid Columnar Compression, 208–209
In-Memory feature, 187, 192–193
join groups, 192–193
connectivity, 49
container databases. See CDBs; multitenant entries
containers, application. See application containers
CONTAINERS hint, 119
CONTAINERS query, 118–119
CREATE PLUGGABLE DATABASE command, 85–86, 92–93, 109–110
CREATE TABLE AS SELECT (CTAS) command, 67, 131
CREATE TABLE statement, 224
cross-container queries, 108
CSV files, 222–226
CTAS (CREATE TABLE AS SELECT) command, 67, 131
CVU (Cluster Verification Utility), 132, 134
D
data. See also metadata
aggregate, 118–119
backing up. See backups
compressed. See compression
Exadata, 163–164
replication, 115
seed, 115
sharing, 115
data dictionary views, 204, 248, 249–251
data disk group, 29, 30–32, 43
DATA option, 115
data types, 188, 238–245, 248–249
data warehouses, 29, 130, 208, 252
Database Configuration Assistant. See DBCA
Database File System. See DBFS
Database Resource Manager, 101, 104–106, 194
Database Upgrade Assistant (DBUA), 46, 52, 55–63, 67–70
Database Vault (DBV), 145–148
databases. See also Oracle Database 12c
cloning, 83–85, 90, 162–163, 174
container. See CDBs
migration, 162–163
multitenant. See multitenant databases
pluggable. See PDBs
scalable, 108
sharded, 136
snapshot copies of, 163
source, 54–55
sparse, 163–164
standby, 47
tuning, 204
Virtual Private Database, 122, 151
dba (OSDBA group), 9
DBA_IDENTIFIERS view, 251
DBA_INDEX_USAGE option, 248
DBA_INDEX_USAGE view, 177, 178–180, 250
DBA_STATEMENTS option, 248
DBA_STATEMENTS view, 251
DBCA (Database Configuration Assistant), 41–45
DBCA templates, 254–255
DBFS (Database File System), 196, 197–200
DBFS file systems, 196, 197–200
DBMS_REDEFINITION package, 123–128
DBUA (Database Upgrade Assistant), 46, 52, 55–63, 67–68
dbupgrade command, 64, 70, 72–73, 76
DBV (Database Vault), 145–148
decryption, 137–138
DEFAULT clause, 239
DEFAULT partition, 217, 218–219
DEFAULT_SHARING parameter, 116
deinstalling Oracle Database, 26
DFB files, 164
diff utility, 151
file system, 222
Oracle inventory, 20–21, 34, 36
directory objects, 223
downloading Oracle Database, 2–3
dynamic memory, 188–189
dynamic performance views, 177, 180, 204, 250
E
eDelivery service, 3
ENABLE ON QUERY COMPUTATION clause, 227
encryption algorithms, 138
ETL (extract, transform, and load), 130, 131
exachk utility, 132–134
Exadata, 163–164
EXPLAIN PLAN, 250
exporting items
expressions, 240–242
EXTENDED DATA option, 115
external partitioning, 212
external tables, 221–226, 232–233
F
FastStart, 191–192
features, new. See new/enhanced features
file attributes, 132–134
file groups, 134–135
file system directories, 222
file systems
HDFS, 221
files
archive, 89, 97, 158, 164, 271
CSV, 222–226
DFB, 164
listener.ora, 69
log. See log files
time zone, 89
Flashback features, 91–92
FOR EXCHANGE clause, 131
function library, 238
functions
APPROX_*, 246
approximate query processing, 245–247
new/enhanced, 238–245
password complexity, 155
PL/SQL, 190
G
GI (Grid Infrastructure)
configuring, 30–39
RAC and, 132–134
storage requirements, 6–7
GI instances, 2
grid disks, 32
Grid Infrastructure. See GI entries
grid user, 9
gridSetup.sh script, 30
GROUP BY clause, 242
groups. See also users
file, 134–135
oinstall, 9
OS, 32
OSDBA, 9
OSOPER, 9
privileges, 21–22
quota, 134–135
rows, 242
HA. See high availability
Hadoop Distributed File System (HDFS), 221
hardware compatibility, 53
HAVING clause, 244
HCC (Hybrid Columnar Compression), 208–209
HCC array inserts, 208
HDFS (Hadoop Distributed File System), 221
hidden parameters, 180
high availability (HA)
new features, 131–136
NFS and, 203
RMAN, 161–164
hints, 118–119
Hybrid Columnar Compression (HCC), 208–209
I
identifier length, 248–249
IM (In-Memory) feature
described, 176
FastStart, 191–192
INMEMORY_SIZE, 188–189
scheduler jobs, 233–235
importing items
INCLUDING NEW VALUES clause, 227
indexes
Advanced Index Compression, 204–208
local, 130
migrating, 130
monitoring usage of, 176–181
partitioned, 130
tables, 130
updating, 130
infrastructure compatibility, 52–53
initialization parameters, 187–188
In-Memory. See IM entries
INMEMORY_SIZE parameter, 188–189
installation, 12–26
Cloud Control, 260–271
completing preinstall steps, 11–12
configuring kernel parameters, 10
Create and configure a database, 14
creating groups/users, 5, 9, 139
creating Oracle environment, 9
deinstalling Oracle Database, 26
deprecated/desupported features, 29, 76–79
environment setup, 13
filenames, 3
Grid Infrastructure, 25–26, 29–41
Install database software only, 15, 16
keyfile systems/devices, 4
memory requirements, 7
options, 14–17
Oracle RAC database, 16–17
Oracle RAC One Node database, 17
with Oracle Universal Installer, 13–24
OS updates and, 6
OS versions, 5
overview, 28–29
package descriptions, 3
patches, 10–11
preparing OS for, 4–12
prerequisite checks, 32, 34–37, 57–58, 262
procedure for, 12–24
Single instance database installation, 16, 17, 18
specifying location for, 11, 12, 19, 20
storage requirements, 6–7
Upgrade an existing database, 15, 16
installation guides, 5–6, 28–29
installation task list, 4–12
instance caging, 105
instances
auxiliary, 160
Cloud Control, 31
GI, 2
INTERVAL clause, 214–215
interval partitioning, 213, 214–216
interval subpartitioning, 213
job scheduler, 233–235
join groups, compress, 192–193
K
kernel parameters, 10
L
Linux packages, 3
Linux systems
DBFS file system, 197–198
deinstalling Oracle Database, 26
installing Oracle Database, 4, 12–24
OFS and, 197
Oracle Linux, 6
packages, 8–9
Red Hat Linux, 8
system requirements, 6–9
updates, 6
versions supported, 8–9
list partitioning, 212, 213, 216–221
LISTAGG function, 242–245
listener.ora files, 69
listeners, 61
local undo mode, 83–85
lockdown profiles, 98–101
log files
ARCHIVELOG mode, 158, 159, 163
cluster resource activity log, 132–133
DBUA, 70
moving, 23
RESETLOGS option, 92
upgrades, 52
lsof utility, 26
M
materialized views, 226–227, 228
memory
dynamic, 188–189
Grid Infrastructure, 7
In-Memory. See IM entries
installation requirements, 7
PDBs, 101–104
swap space, 7
system global area, 101–104
metadata. See also data
Data Pump, 230–232
PDB, 167
XML, 163
migrated tables, 130
MONITORING USAGE clause, 176
multicolumn list partitioning, 213, 214, 219–221
multitenant databases
container databases. See CDBs
creating, 41–45
new features, 81–106
performance, 101–106
pluggable databases. See PDBs
RMAN and, 160
upgrades, 70–76
My Oracle Support documentation, 6
My Oracle Support portal, 5
N
new/enhanced features
administration, 122–131, 155, 196
auditing, 149–151
CDBs, 104–106
Cloud Control, 271–272
data dictionary views, 204, 249–251
Flashback, 91–92
high availability, 131–136
multitenant databases, 81–106
PDBs, 82–106
performance, 175–194
RAC, 132–134
rcovery, 157–174
RMAN, 157–174
NFS server, 196–204
NONE option, 115
objects
application common, 112–113
application containers, 116
application PDBs, 113–116
directory, 223
identifiers and, 248
names, 248
partitioned, 129–131
rules, 184–185
schemas, 114
ODB12c. See Oracle Database 12c
OEM Cloud Control. See Cloud Control
OEM Database Control, 54
OFA (Optimal Flexible Architecture), 12, 19
offline encryption, 141–142
OFS (Oracle File System), 196, 197, 200–204
oinstall (Oracle inventory group), 9
OLH (Oracle Loader for Hadoop), 232–233
ON OVERFLOW ERROR option, 243
ON OVERFLOW TRUNCATE clause, 243, 244
online encryption, 138–142
online table redefinition, 122–128
oper (OSOPER group), 9
operating system (OS)
compatibility, 53
file system, 222–223
file system directories, 222
installing Oracle Database. See installation
kernel parameters, 10
Linux. See Linux systems
new features. See new/enhanced features
OS groups, 32
patches, 10–11
system passwords, 259
updates to, 6
versions, 5
Optimal Flexible Architecture (OFA), 12, 19
Optimizer Statistics Advisor (OSA), 181–187
orachk utility, 132–133
Oracle ASM. See ASM
Oracle Data Pump, 230–232
Oracle Data Pump dump file, 160
Oracle Database 12c (ODB12c). See also databases
compatibility issues, 52–54
creating new multitenant database, 41–45
deinstalling, 26
deprecated/desupported features, 29, 76–79
downloading, 2–3
editions, 18
getting started with, 1–26
installation guides, 5–6, 28–29
installing. See installation
new features. See new/enhanced features
preparing operating system for, 4–12
upgrading. See upgrades
Oracle Database Express, 54, 61
Oracle Database Upgrade Guide, 28–29
Oracle eDelivery service, 3
Oracle Enterprise Manager. See OEM entries
Oracle Enterprise Manager Cloud Control. See Cloud Control
Oracle File System (OFS), 196, 197, 200–204
Oracle inventory directory, 20–21, 34, 36
Oracle inventory group (oinstall), 9
Oracle Loader for Hadoop (OLH), 232–233
oracle OS account, 9
Oracle Scheduler, 233–235
Oracle software owner, 9
Oracle Technology Network (OTN), 2–3
Oracle Universal Installer (OUI), 12, 13–24, 30–39
oracleasm command, 29
ORACLE_BASE directory, 11, 19, 33, 34
ORACLE_DATAPUMP driver, 221
ORACLE_HDFS access driver, 221
ORACLE_HIVE driver, 221
ORACLE_HOME parameter, 20
ORACLE_LOADER driver, 221
ORDER BY clause, 242
ORGANIZATION EXTERNAL clause, 232–233
OS. See operating system
OSA (Optimizer Statistics Advisor), 181–187
OSA actions, 182, 183, 186–187
OSDBA group (dba), 9
OSOPER group (oper), 9
OTN (Oracle Technology Network), 2–3
OUI (Oracle Universal Installer), 12, 13–24, 30–39
OVERWATCH schema, 142
P
PA (privilege analysis), 151–153
package descriptions, 3
package versions, 5
packages
deinstaller, 26
Linux distributions, 8–9
parallelism, 231–232
parameters
CDB-level, 101–102
deprecated, 78
desupported, 78–79
hidden, 180
initialization, 187–188
kernel, 10
memory-related, 101–102
PARTITION BY clause, 223–224
PARTITION BY LIST clause, 224
partition mapping, 212
partitioning, 212–226
benefits of, 212
composite, 213
converting nonpartitioned tables, 129–130
creating new partitioned table, 130–131
extensions, 213–214
external, 212
external tables, 221–226
multicolumn list, 213, 214, 219–221
reference, 213
subpartitions, 214–216
system, 212
types of, 212–213
virtual column-based, 214
passwords
case sensitivity, 78
complexity of, 155
management, 154
system, 259
patches
application containers, 116–117
compatibility issues and, 53
OS patches, 10–11
Software Updates, 261
PATH environment, 12
PDB archives, 89, 97, 158, 164, 271
PDB file sets, 171
PDB metadata, 167
PDB profile directives, 104, 106
PDB resource plans, 106
PDBs (pluggable databases), 41, 42, 43
application containers and, 93
application PDBs, 108, 113–116
character sets, 86–88
considerations, 89
creating application containers from, 108, 111
Flashback features, 91–92
limiting I/O rates for, 105–106
lockdown profiles, 98–101
maximum number of, 83
memory, 101–104
moving across platforms, 94–97
naming, 169
naming convention, 118
new features, 82–106
plugging/unplugging, 73–75, 97, 164–174
provisioning options, 164, 165, 174
rebalancing and, 135–136
refreshing, 90–91
relocating, 92–94
Resource Manager changes, 104–106
security features, 98–101
SGA space and, 101–104
time zones, 88–89
unplugging, 164–166
upgrading, 71–76
performance
DBA_INDEX_USAGE view, 178–180
described, 176
dynamic views, 177, 180, 204, 250
In-Memory enhancements, 187–193
materialized views, 226–227, 228
monitoring index usage, 176–181
multitenant databases, 101–106
new features, 175–194
Optimizer Statistics Advisor, 181–187
per-process PGA limits, 193–194
tuning databases, 204
V$INDEX_USAGE_INFO view, 180–181
PGA (program global area), 193–194
physical backups, 54–55
PL/Scope, 251
PL/SQL functions, 190
pluggable databases. See PDBs
plug-in compatible, 88
point-in-time recovery, 160
Pre-Upgrade Information Tool, 51–52
preupgrade_fixups.sql, 52
preupgrade.jar file, 51
preupgrade.log, 52
preuprd.sql file, 51
PRIVATE_DBAAS profile, 99
privilege analysis (PA), 151–153
privileges
auditing by role, 149
groups, 21–22
users, 151–153
program global area (PGA), 193–194
ps utility, 26
PUBLIC_DBAAS profile, 99
Q
queries
approximate query processing, 245–247
CONTAINERS, 118–119
cross-container, 108
partitioned external tables, 224–225
query expressions, 189–190
quota groups, 134–135
quota management, 134–135
quoted identifiers, 249
R
RAC (Real Application Clusters). See also clusters
ASM. See ASM entries
considerations, 122
disk space requirements, 7
Grid Infrastructure and, 132–134
high availability and, 132–134
new features, 132–134
SYSRAC role, 5
RAC database installation option, 16–17
RAC One Node database installation, 17
RAC upgrades, 47
range partitioning, 212, 213, 214
READ WRITE mode, 90
Real Application Clusters. See RAC
real-time materialized views, 212, 227, 228
rebalancing capabilities, 135–136
recovery
on Exadata, 163–164
Flashback features, 91–92
options for, 60–61
point-in-time, 160
table recovery enhancements, 158–161
Recovery Manager. See RMAN
recovery-related files, 39, 43
Red Hat Enterprise Linux (RHEL), 6
Red Hat Linux, 8
redacted columns, 142
reference partitioning, 213
rekeying, 137–138
RESETLOGS option, 92
Resource Manager, 101, 104–106, 194
resource plans, 106
restoring partially upgraded database, 68–69
restoring tablespaces, 158–161
RHEL (Red Hat Enterprise Linux), 6
RMAN (Recovery Manager)
Cloud Control and, 164–174
cross-platform transport via, 162–163
high availability, 161–164
multitenant databases and, 160
new features, 157–174
overview, 158
plugging in PDBs via, 166–174
point-in-time recovery, 160
security, 161–164
table recovery enhancements, 158–161
TDE tablespace duplication, 162
unplugging PDBs via, 164–166
RMAN backups, 60, 158–169, 173, 174
RMAN RECOVER command, 159–160
roles
auditing by, 149–151
SYSRAC, 153–154
rollbacks, 125–128
rows, grouping, 242
rpm command, 8
RPM package, 9
runInstaller program, 13–14
RUN_NAME parameter, 151
runtime jobs, 234–235
S
SAAS profile, 99
scheduler, 233–235
scheduler job, 164
SEC_CASE_SENSITIVE_ LOGON parameter, 154
security
auditing features, 149–151
Database Vault, 145–148
lockdown profiles, 98–101
passwords. See passwords
pluggable databases, 98–101
privileges. See privileges
RMAN, 161–164
separation of duties, 153–154
Virtual Private Database, 122, 151
Security Technical Implementation Guides (STIG), 155
SEED algorithm, 138
seed data, 115
seed database, 73, 83, 85, 117–118
separation of duties, 153–154
servers
cross-platform transport, 162
Exadata, 162
NFS server, 196–204
parallel, 162
SGA (system global area), 101–104
SGA_MIN_SIZE parameter, 101, 102–103
SGA_TARGET parameter, 101, 102–104
sharding, 136
SHARING parameter, 115
snapshot copies, 163
Software Updates, 261
source database, backups, 54–55
sparse databases, 163–164
SQL Developer, 161
SQL hints, 118–119
SQL*Loader utility, 221
staging tables, 131
standby databases, 47
STARTUP UPGRADE command, 69
STIG (Security Technical Implementation Guides), 155
subpartitions, 214–216
swap space, 7
system global area (SGA), 101–104
system partitioning, 212
T
tables
accepting/rejecting changes, 127–128
base, 227
creating, 67, 115, 131, 139, 220
importing/exporting, 230–232, 233
indexes, 130
joins, 192–193
migrated, 130
partitions. See partitioning
recovery enhancements, 158–161
redefinitions, 122–128
rollbacks, 125–128
staging, 131
syncing, 126
tablespaces
default, 85–86
encryption, 137–142
PDBs, 85–86
TDE, 162
UNDO, 83–85
TDE (Transparent Data Encryption), 122, 137–145
TDE key, 162
TDE tablespaces, 162
testing process, 49–51
TFA (Trace File Analyzer), 23
time zones, 88–89
/tmp directory, 7
Trace File Analyzer (TFA), 23
Transparent Data Encryption. See TDE
transport, 48
transportable tablespaces, 65–67, 96–97
tuning databases, 204
U
UEK (Unbreakable Enterprise Kernel), 8, 9
Unbreakable Enterprise Kernel (UEK), 8, 9
UNDO tablespace, 83–85
unified audit trail, 151
unified auditing, 149–151
UNTIL TIME clause, 159–160
UPDATE INDEXES clause, 130
updates
operating system, 6
Software Updates, 261
Upgrade an existing database, 15, 16
upgrade paths, 46–48
upgrades, 46–76
application containers, 116, 117
compatibility issues, 52–54
container databases, 71–76
CREATE TABLE AS SELECT command, 67
defined, 48
direct, 46
indirect, 47
listeners, 61
log files, 52
methods, 55–67
pluggable databases, 71–76
preparing for, 48–67
Pre-Upgrade Information Tool, 51–52
restarting, 69–70
restoring partially upgraded database, 68–69
scenarios, 67–68
testing process, 49–51
via transportable tablespaces, 65–67
upgrades, multitenant, 70–76
upgrades, traditional, 46–70
U.S. Government Sector (USGS), 155
users
grid, 9
groups of. See groups
lockdown profiles, 98–101
management, 154
materialized views and, 226–227
oracle OS account, 9
passwords. See passwords
privileges, 151–153
USERS tablespace, 124–126
USGS (U.S. Government Sector), 155
utlupkg.sql file, 51
V
VALIDATE_CONVERSION function, 240–242
VALUES clause, 226
V$INDEX_USAGE_INFO view, 177, 180–181
virtual column-based partitioning, 214
virtual machines (VMs), 3
Virtual Private Database (VPD), 122, 151
VMs (virtual machines), 3
V$OBJECT_USAGE view, 177
VPD (Virtual Private Database), 122, 151
W
WHERE clause, 225
X
X terminal session, 12
X Windows session, 13
XML metadata file, 163
Y