Index

A

• Application Binary Interface (ABI)
  • about / CPU architectures
• applications
  • debugging, GDB used / Debugging applications using GDB
• ARM machine numbers
  • references / Without a device tree
• Autotools
  • about / Autotools
  • SQLite library / An example: SQLite

B

• Babeltrace
  • URL / Using LTTng
• Barebox
  • about / Barebox
  • URL / Barebox
  • reference / Barebox
  • obtaining / Getting Barebox
  • building / Building Barebox
• BCH (Bose-Chaudhuri-Hocquenghem)
  • about / NAND flash
• BeagleBoard
  • URL / The BeagleBone Black
• BeagleBone Black
  • about / The BeagleBone Black
  / BeagleBone Black
• binutils
  • URL / What is a toolchain?
• block devices
  • defining / Block devices
• board-specific files
  • about / Board-specific files
• board vendors
  • about / The players
• bootloader / The four elements of embedded Linux
  • defining / What does a bootloader do?
  • moving, to kernel / Moving from bootloader to kernel
  • selecting / Choosing a bootloader
• boot ramdisk
  • creating / Creating a boot ramdisk
  • standalone ramdisk / Standalone ramdisk
  • ramdisk, booting / Booting the ramdisk
  • booting, with QEMU / Booting with QEMU
  • BeagleBone Black, booting / Booting the BeagleBone Black
  • proc, mounting / Mounting proc
  • ramdisk cpio, building / Building a ramdisk cpio into the kernel image
  • kernel, building with ramdisk / Another way to build a kernel with ramdisk
  • initrd format / The old initrd format
• boot sequence
  • about / The boot sequence
  • ROM code / Phase 1: ROM code
  • SPL / Phase 2: SPL
  • TPL / Phase 3: TPL
• BSD (Berkeley Software Distribution)
  • about / Licenses
• Buildroot
  • init scripts / Buildroot init scripts
  • setting up / Setting up Buildroot
• Buildroot menuconfig
  • BR2_LINUX_KERNEL_TOOL_PERF / Building perf with Buildroot
  • BR2_ENABLE_DEBUG / Building perf with Buildroot
  • BR2_STRIP = none / Building perf with Buildroot
• Buildroot project
  • URL / Buildroot
  • defining / Buildroot, Background
  • reference / Buildroot
  • stable releases and support / Stable releases and support
  • installing / Installing
  • configuring / Configuring
  • running / Running, Overlay
  • package, adding / Adding a package
  • license compliance / License compliance
• Buildroot User Manual
  • URL / Installing
  • references / Further reading
• build systems
  • defining / Build systems
• BusyBox
  • about / BusyBox to the rescue!
  • building / Building BusyBox
  • URL / Building BusyBox
  • alternative, ToyBox / ToyBox – an alternative to BusyBox
  • init program / BusyBox init

C

• Callgrind
  • about / Callgrind
• C development toolkit (CDT)
  • about / Eclipse
• character devices
  • defining / Character devices
• C libraries
  • glibc / Choosing the C library
  • eglibc / Choosing the C library
  • uClibc / Choosing the C library
  • musl libc / Choosing the C library
• C library
  • selecting / Choosing the C library
  • components / Looking at the components of the C library
• CMake
  • URL / The art of cross compiling
• code
  • adding / Adding your own code
• commands, toolchain
  • addr2line / Other tools in the toolchain
  • ar / Other tools in the toolchain
  • as / Other tools in the toolchain
  • c++filt / Other tools in the toolchain
  • cpp / Other tools in the toolchain
  • elfedit / Other tools in the toolchain
  • g++ / Other tools in the toolchain
  • gcc / Other tools in the toolchain
  • gcov / Other tools in the toolchain
  • Gdb / Other tools in the toolchain
  • gprof / Other tools in the toolchain
  • ld / Other tools in the toolchain
  • nm / Other tools in the toolchain
  • objcopy / Other tools in the toolchain
  • objdump / Other tools in the toolchain
  • ranlib / Other tools in the toolchain
  • readelf / Other tools in the toolchain
  • size / Other tools in the toolchain
  • strings / Other tools in the toolchain
  • strip / Other tools in the toolchain
• common flash interface (CFI)
  • about / NOR flash
• CompactFlash (CF)
  • about / Other types of managed flash
• compiling
  • about / Compiling
• Completely Fair Scheduler (CFS)
  • about / Timeshare policies
• components, GNU toolchain
  • Binutils / What is a toolchain?
  • GNU Compiler Collection () / What is a toolchain?
  • C library / What is a toolchain?
• configuration header files
  • about / Configuration header files
• copy-on-write (CoW)
  • about / Creating a new process
• core files
  • about / Core files
  • GDB, using / Using GDB to look at core files
• CPU architects
  • about / The players
• CPU architecture
  • about / CPU architectures
• croostool-NG downloads section
  • URL / Installing crosstool-NG
• cross compiling
  • URL / What is a toolchain?
  • defining / The art of cross compiling
  • makefiles / Simple makefiles
  • Autotools / Autotools
  • package configuration utility / Package configuration
  • problems / Problems with cross compiling
• Cross Linux From Scratch
  • URL / Finding a toolchain
• crosstool
  • URL / Building a toolchain using crosstool-NG
• crosstool-NG
  • URL / Building a toolchain using crosstool-NG
• cross toolchain
  • versus native toolchain / Types of toolchain - native versus cross toolchain
  • about / Types of toolchain - native versus cross toolchain
• custom BSP
  • creating / Creating a custom BSP
  • U-Boot / U-Boot
  • Linux / Linux
  • build / Build
• cyclictest
  • about / cyclictest

D

• daemon process
  • starting / Starting a daemon process
• Data display debugger (DDD) / Data display debugger
• debug
  • defining / Preparing to debug
• debug session
  • starting / Starting to debug
• device drivers
  • defining / The role of device drivers
  • character / The role of device drivers
  • block / The role of device drivers
  • network / The role of device drivers
  • finding / Finding the right device driver
  • in user-space / Device drivers in user-space
  • GPIO / GPIO
  • LEDs / LEDs
  • I2C / I2C
  • SPI / SPI
  • anatomy / Anatomy of a device driver
  • compiling / Compile and load
  • loading / Compile and load
• device nodes
  • about / Device nodes, A better way of managing device nodes
  • example, using devtmpfs / An example using devtmpfs
  • example, using mdev / An example using mdev
  • static device nodes / Are static device nodes so bad after all?
• device tables
  • filesystem images, creating with / Creating filesystem images with device tables
• device trees
  • about / Introducing device trees
  • URL / Introducing device trees
  • defining / Device tree basics
  • reg property / The reg property
  • phandles / Phandles and interrupts
  • interrupts / Phandles and interrupts
  • include files / Device tree include files
  • compiling / Compiling a device tree, Compiling device trees
• drivers
  • finding, at runtime / Finding out about drivers at runtime
  • sysfs, defining / Getting information from sysfs
  • /sys/devices / The devices: /sys/devices
  • /sys/class / The drivers: /sys/class
  • /sys/block / The block drivers: /sys/block
• dynamic linking
  • defining / Linking with libraries: static and dynamic linking

E

• Eclipse / Eclipse
• EFI System Partition (ESP)
  • about / Booting with UEFI firmware
• eglibc
  • URL / Choosing the C library
• elements, embedded Linux
  • toolchain / The four elements of embedded Linux
  • bootloader / The four elements of embedded Linux
  • kernel / The four elements of embedded Linux
  • root filesystem / The four elements of embedded Linux
• embedded Linux
  • elements / The four elements of embedded Linux
• Embedded MMC (eMMC)
  • about / eMMC
• EmbToolkit
  • URL / What is a toolchain?, Build systems
• events
  • tracing / Tracing events
• example, kernel panic
  • about / Kernel panic
• eXecute In Place (XIP)
  • about / NOR flash
• Extended Application Binary Interface (EABI)
  • about / CPU architectures

F

• field update
  • about / Updating in the field
  • granularity / Granularity: file, package, or image?
  • atomic image update / Atomic image update
• file permissions
  • problems / Problems with file permissions
• Filesystem
  • selecting / Filesystem choices
• Filesystem Hierarchy Standard (FHS)
  • about / Directory layout, Additional reading
  • URL / Additional reading
• filesystem images
  • creating, with device tables / Creating filesystem images with device tables
• filesystems
  • mounting / Mounting filesystems
  • defining, for flash memory / Filesystems for flash memory
  • flash translation layers / Flash translation layers
• filesystems, for managed flash
  • defining / Filesystems for managed flash
  • Flashbench / Flashbench
  • Discard and TRIM / Discard and TRIM
  • Ext4 / Ext4
  • F2FS / F2FS
  • FAT16/32 / FAT16/32
• Filesystems, for NOR and NAND flash memory
  • about / Filesystems for NOR and NAND flash memory
  • JFFS2 / Filesystems for NOR and NAND flash memory, JFFS2
  • YAFFS2 / Filesystems for NOR and NAND flash memory, YAFFS2
  • UBIFS / Filesystems for NOR and NAND flash memory, UBI and UBIFS
  • UBI / UBI and UBIFS
• Flash-Friendly File System (F2FS)
  • about / F2FS
• Flashbench
  • about / Flashbench
  • URL / Flashbench
• flash memory
  • accessing, from bootloader / Accessing flash memory from the bootloader
  • accessing, from Linux / Accessing flash memory from Linux
• flash memory, from bootloader
  • U-Boot and NOR flash / U-Boot and NOR flash
  • U-Boot and NAND flash / U-Boot and NAND flash
  • U-Boot and MMC / U-Boot and MMC, SD and eMMC
  • SD / U-Boot and MMC, SD and eMMC
  • eMMC / U-Boot and MMC, SD and eMMC
• flash memory, from Linux
  • memory technology devices (MTD) / Memory technology devices
  • MMC block driver / The MMC block driver
• flash translation layer
  • about / Flash translation layers
  • deploying / Flash translation layers
• forks and threads
  • debugging / Debugging forks and threads
• Ftrace
  • about / Introducing Ftrace
  • preparing / Preparing to use Ftrace
  • CONFIG_FUNCTION_TRACER / Preparing to use Ftrace
  • CONFIG_FUNCTION_GRAPH_TRACER / Preparing to use Ftrace
  • CONFIG_DYNAMIC_FTRACE / Preparing to use Ftrace
  • using / Preparing to use Ftrace
  • dynamic Ftrace / Dynamic Ftrace and trace filters
  • trace filters / Dynamic Ftrace and trace filters
  • trace events / Trace events

G

• GDB
  • used, for debugging applications / Debugging applications using GDB
  • and gdbserver, connecting / Connecting GDB and gdbserver
  • command files / GDB command files
• GDB commands
  • about / Overview of GDB commands
  • breakpoints / Breakpoints
  • running and stepping / Running and stepping
  • information commands / Information commands
  • running, to breakpoint / Running to a breakpoint
• gdbserver
  • used, for remote debugging / Remote debugging using gdbserver
  • and GDB, connecting / Connecting GDB and gdbserver
• genext2fs utility
  • URL / Ext4
• glibc
  • URL / Choosing the C library
• GNU assembler
  • URL / What is a toolchain?
• GNU Autoconf
  • URL / Autotools
• GNU Automake
  • URL / Autotools
• GNU components
  • CPU / CPU architectures
  • Vendor / CPU architectures
  • Kernel / CPU architectures
  • operating system / CPU architectures
• GNU debugger
  • about / The GNU debugger
  • URL / The GNU debugger
  • user interfaces / GDB user interfaces
  • Terminal user interface (TUI) / Terminal user interface
  • Data display debugger (DDD) / Data display debugger
  • Eclipse / Eclipse
• Gnulib
  • URL / Autotools
• GNU Libtool
  • URL / Autotools
• GNU project
  • URL / What is a toolchain?
• GNU toolchain
  • components / What is a toolchain?
• GPIO
  • about / GPIO
  • interrupts, handling from / Handling interrupts from GPIO
• GPL
  • URL / Licensing
• gprof
  • about / Other profilers: OProfile and gprof
• GRUB 2
  • about / Booting with UEFI firmware
  • URL / Booting with UEFI firmware
• gummiboot
  • about / Booting with UEFI firmware
  • URL / Booting with UEFI firmware

H

• hardware, for embedded Linux
  • about / Hardware for embedded Linux
• hardware configuration
  • discovering / Discovering hardware configuration
  • device trees / Device trees
  • platform data / Platform data
  • hardware, linking with device drivers / Linking hardware with device drivers
• Heartbleed / The players
• Helgrind
  • about / Helgrind
• high resolution timers
  • about / High resolution timers

I

• init program
  • defining / The init program
• init programs
  • defining / Introducing the init programs
• inter-process communication
  • defining / Inter-process communication
  • message-based IPC / Message-based IPC, Summary of message-based IPC
  • shared memory-based IPC / Shared memory-based IPC
• inter process communication (IPC)
  • about / Process or thread?
• interrupt shielding
  • about / Interrupt shielding
• IOCTL
  • MEMGETINFO / The MTD character device, mtd
  • MEMERASE / The MTD character device, mtd
  • MEMWRITEOOB / The MTD character device, mtd
  • MEMREADOOB / The MTD character device, mtd
  • MEMLOCK / The MTD character device, mtd
  • MEMUNLOCK / The MTD character device, mtd
  • MEMGETREGIONCOUNT / The MTD character device, mtd
  • MEMGETREGIONINFO / The MTD character device, mtd
  • MEMGETOOBSEL / The MTD character device, mtd
  • MEMGETBADBLOCK / The MTD character device, mtd
  • MEMSETBADBLOCK / The MTD character device, mtd
  • OTPSELECT / The MTD character device, mtd
  • OTPGETREGIONCOUNT / The MTD character device, mtd
  • ECCGETLAYOUT / The MTD character device, mtd
  • OTPGETREGIONINFO / The MTD character device, mtd
• ioctl functions
  • URL / The MTD character device, mtd
• ISR (interrupt service routine)
  • about / Understanding scheduling latency
• Itsy PacKage format (ipk)
  • about / Package formats and package managers

J

• JFFS2
  • about / JFFS2
  • summary nodes / Summary nodes
  • clean markers / Clean markers
• JFFS2 filesystem
  • creating / Creating a JFFS2 filesystem
• just-in-time debugging
  • about / Just-in-time debugging

K

• Kconfig
  • about / Kconfig and U-Boot
• kernel / The four elements of embedded Linux
  • defining / What does the kernel do?
  • selecting / Choosing a kernel
  • development cycle / Kernel development cycle
  • stable and long term support releases / Stable and long term support releases
  • URL / Stable and long term support releases
  • vendor support / Vendor support
  • licensing / Licensing
  • building / Building the kernel
  • source, obtaining / Getting the source
  • configuration, defining / Understanding kernel configuration
  • identifying, LOCALVERSION used / Using LOCALVERSION to identify your kernel
  • modules / Kernel modules
  • booting / Booting your kernel
  • BeagleBone Black / BeagleBone Black
  • QEMU / QEMU
  • messages / Kernel messages
  • command line / Kernel command line
  • loading, TFTP used / Using TFTP to load the kernel
• kernel boot messages
  • defining / Running
• kernel code
  • debugging / Debugging kernel code
  • debugging, with kgdb / Debugging kernel code with kgdb
  • sample debug session / A sample debug session
  • early code, debugging / Debugging early code
  • modules, debugging / Debugging modules
  • debugging, with kdb / Debugging kernel code with kdb
  • oops, defining / Looking at an oops
  • oops, preserving / Preserving the oops
• kernel device driver
  • writing / Writing a kernel device driver
  • character device interface, designing / Designing a character device interface
• kernel image
  • compiling / Compiling the kernel image
• kernel modules
  • about / Kernel modules
  • defining / Loading kernel modules
  • reasons / Loading kernel modules
• kernel preemption
  • about / Kernel preemption
• kernel sources
  • cleaning / Cleaning kernel sources
• kernel space memory layout
  • defining / Kernel space memory layout
• kgdb
  • kernel code, debugging with / Debugging kernel code with kgdb
  • URL / Debugging kernel code with kgdb

L

• layers, Yocto Project
  • references / Layers
  • BitBake and recipes / BitBake and recipes
• Lesser General Public License (LGPL)
  • about / Licenses
• libraries
  • linking with / Linking with libraries: static and dynamic linking
• licenses, open source / Licenses
• Linaro
  • URL / Finding a toolchain
• Linux
  • boot, automating with U-Boot scripts / Automating the boot with U-Boot scripts
  • porting, to new board / Porting Linux to a new board
  • porting, with device tree / With a device tree
  • porting, without device tree / Without a device tree
• Linux-tiny or Linux Kernel Tinification
  • URL / How much memory does the kernel use?
• Linux Kernel Newbies website
  • references / Kernel development cycle
• Linux Weekly News
  • URL / Preserving the oops
• LLVM project
  • URL / What is a toolchain?
• logical erase blocks (LEB)
  • about / UBI
• LTTng
  • about / Using LTTng
  • using / Using LTTng
  • URL / Using LTTng
  • components / Using LTTng
  • and Yocto / LTTng and the Yocto Project
  • and Buildroot / LTTng and Buildroot
  • for kernel tracing / Using LTTng for kernel tracing

M

• managed flash
  • about / Managed flash
  • MultiMediaCard (MMC) / MultiMediaCard and secure digital cards
  • secure digital cards / MultiMediaCard and secure digital cards
  • eMMC / eMMC
  • defining / Other types of managed flash
• memory
  • mapping, with mmap / Mapping memory with mmap
  • used, for applications / How much memory does my application use?
• memory leaks
  • identifying / Identifying memory leaks
  • mtrace / mtrace
  • Valgrind / Valgrind
  • running out, of memory / Running out of memory
• memory management unit (MMU)
  • about / Hardware for embedded Linux, Virtual memory basics
• memory technology devices
  • MTD partitions / MTD partitions
  • MTD device drivers / MTD device drivers
  • MTD character device, mtd / The MTD character device, mtd
  • MTD block device, mtdblock / The MTD block device, mtdblock
  • kernel oops, logging to MTD / Logging kernel oops to MTD
  • NAND memory, simulating / Simulating NAND memory
• memory technology devices (MTD) / Memory technology devices
• memory usage
  • defining, for kernel / How much memory does the kernel use?
• message-based IPC
  • about / Message-based IPC
  • Unix (or local) sockets / Unix (or local) sockets
  • FIFOs and named pipes / FIFOs and named pipes
  • POSIX message queues / POSIX message queues
• mmap
  • memory, mapping with / Mapping memory with mmap
  • used, for allocating private memory / Using mmap to allocate private memory
  • used, for sharing memory / Using mmap to share memory
  • used, for accessing device memory / Using mmap to access device memory
• MMC block driver
  • about / The MMC block driver
• modules
  • compiling / Compiling modules
• MultiMediaCard (MMC)
  • about / MultiMediaCard and secure digital cards
• musl libc
  • URL / Choosing the C library
• mutual exclusion
  • deadlock / Mutual exclusion
  • priority inversion / Mutual exclusion
  • poor performance / Mutual exclusion

N

• NAND flash / NAND flash
• Native POSIX Thread Library (NPTL)
  • about / Threads
• native toolchain
  • versus cross toolchain / Types of toolchain - native versus cross toolchain
  • about / Types of toolchain - native versus cross toolchain
• network
  • configuring / Configuring the network
  • components, for glibc / Network components for glibc
• network devices
  • defining / Network devices
• NFS
  • used, for mounting root filesystem / Mounting the root filesystem using NFS
• non-determinism
  • sources, identifying / Identifying the sources of non-determinism
• Ångström Distribution
  • URL / Background

O

• observer effect
  • about / The observer effect
  • symbol tables / Symbol tables and compile flags
• OEMs
  • about / The players
• Old Application Binary Interface (OABI)
  • about / CPU architectures
• OpenEmbedded
  • URL / Build systems, Background
• open NAND flash interface (ONFi)
  • about / NAND flash
  • URL / NAND flash
• open source
  • about / Open source
  • licenses / Licenses
• open source community
  • about / The players
• OpenWrt
  • URL / Background
• operating system
  • selecting / Selecting the right operating system
• OProfile
  • about / Other profilers: OProfile and gprof
  • reference / Other profilers: OProfile and gprof
• out of band (OOB)
  • about / NAND flash
• overlay
  • defining / Overlay

P

• package configuration utility
  • URL / Package configuration
• package formats
  • defining / Package formats and package managers
• package managers
  • defining / Package formats and package managers
• page faults
  • avoiding, in real-time application / Avoiding page faults in a real-time application
• PCMCIA (Personal Computer Memory Card International Association
  • about / Other types of managed flash
• per-process memory usage
  • about / Per-process memory usage
  • vss (virtual set size) / Per-process memory usage
  • rss (resident set size) / Per-process memory usage
  • top and ps, using / Using top and ps
  • smem, using / Using smem
  • tools, defining / Other tools to consider
• perf
  • about / Introducing perf
  • kernel, configuring / Configuring the kernel for perf
  • building, with Yocto Project / Building perf with the Yocto Project
  • building, with Buildroot / Building perf with Buildroot
  • profiling with / Profiling with perf
  • call graphs / Call graphs
  • annotate / perf annotate
• performance measurement unit (PMU) / Introducing perf
• physical erase blocks (PEB)
  • about / UBI
• poor man's profiler
  • URL / Poor man's profiler
• preemptible kernel locks
  • about / Preemptible kernel locks
• PREEMPT_RT patches
  • about / Getting the PREEMPT_RT patches
  • reference / Getting the PREEMPT_RT patches
• process
  • defining / Process or thread?
  • creating / Creating a new process
  • terminating / Terminating a process
  • different program, running / Running a different program
  • daemons / Daemons
  • inter-process communication / Inter-process communication
• processes
  • defining / Processes
• process memory map
  • defining / Process memory map
• proc filesystem
  • about / The proc and sysfs filesystems
• procrank
  • URL / Other tools to consider
• profiling
  • about / Beginning to profile
  • with top / Profiling with top
  • poor man's profiler / Poor man's profiler
• program
  • executing / After the kernel has booted
• project life-cycle
  • about / Project lifecycle
• proportional set size (Pss)
  • about / Using smem
• ps_mem
  • URL / Other tools to consider

Q

• QEMU
  • about / QEMU
• qemu-system-arm / QEMU
• qemu-system-mips / QEMU
• qemu-system-ppc / QEMU
• qemu-system-x86 / QEMU

R

• read-only compressed filesystems
  • about / Read-only compressed filesystems
  • squashfs / squashfs
• read-only memory (ROM)
  • about / Storage options
• real-time application
  • page faults, avoiding / Avoiding page faults in a real-time application
• real-time Linux kernel (PREEMPT_RT)
  • about / The real-time Linux kernel (PREEMPT_RT)
• real-time operating systems (RTOS)
  • about / Process or thread?
• real-time policies
  • about / Real-time policies
  • SCHED_FIFO / Real-time policies
  • SCHED_RR / Real-time policies
• real-time programming
  • about / What is real-time?
  • examples / What is real-time?
• Red Hat Package Manager (RPM)
  • about / Package formats and package managers
• roll your own (RYO) process
  • defining / No more rolling your own embedded Linux
• root filesystem / The four elements of embedded Linux
  • defining / What should be in the root filesystem?
  • components / What should be in the root filesystem?
  • directory layout / Directory layout
  • staging directory / Staging directory
  • programs / Programs for the root filesystem
  • init program / The init program
  • shell / Shell
  • utilities / Utilities
  • BusyBox / BusyBox to the rescue!
  • libraries / Libraries for the root filesystem
  • size, reducing by stripping / Reducing size by stripping
  • transferring / Transfering the root filesystem to the target
  • ramdisk / Transfering the root filesystem to the target
  • disk image / Transfering the root filesystem to the target
  • network / Transfering the root filesystem to the target
  • mounting, NFS used / Mounting the root filesystem using NFS
  • testing, with QEMU / Testing with QEMU
  • testing, with BeagleBone Black / Testing with BeagleBone Black
• root filesystem read-only
  • creating / Making the root filesystem read-only
• root filesytem
  • mounting, onto SD card / Putting the root filesytem onto an SD card
• RYO (roll your own)
  • about / BusyBox init

S

• scheduling
  • about / Scheduling
  • fairness, versus determinism / Fairness versus determinism
  • timeshare policies / Timeshare policies, Niceness
  • real-time policies / Real-time policies
  • policy, selecting / Choosing a policy
  • real-time priority, selecting / Choosing a real-time priority
• scheduling latency
  • about / Understanding scheduling latency
  • measuring / Measuring scheduling latencies
  • cyclictest / cyclictest
  • Ftrace, using / Using Ftrace
  • cyclictest, combining with Ftrace / Combining cyclictest and Ftrace
• Scratchbox2
  • URL / Types of toolchain - native versus cross toolchain
• Secondary Program Loader (SPL)
  • about / Kconfig and U-Boot
• secondary program loader (SPL)
  • about / Building U-Boot
• Secure Digital (SD) cards
  • about / Managed flash
• Serial Peripheral Interface (SPI)
  • about / MultiMediaCard and secure digital cards
• shared libraries
  • about / Shared libraries
  • version numbers, defining / Understanding shared library version numbers
  • benefits / Understanding shared library version numbers
  • debugging / Debugging shared libraries
  • Yocto Project / The Yocto Project
  • Buildroot / Buildroot
  • other libraries / Other libraries
• shared memory-based IPC
  • about / Shared memory-based IPC
  • POSIX shared memory / POSIX shared memory
• Shellshock / The players
• SLC (single level cell)
  • about / NAND flash
• smem
  • URL / Using smem
• SoC vendors
  • about / The players
• SPI (Serial Peripheral Interface)
  • about / Phase 1: ROM code
• Sqlite3
  • about / Problems with cross compiling
• staging directory
  • about / Staging directory
  • POSIX file access permissions / POSIX file access permissions
  • file ownership permissions / File ownership permissions in the staging directory
• static libraries
  • about / Static libraries
• static linking
  • defining / Linking with libraries: static and dynamic linking
• storage options
  • defining / Storage options
  • NOR flash / NOR flash
  • NAND flash / NAND flash
  • managed flash / Managed flash
• strace
  • used, for displaying for system calls / Using strace to show system calls
• swapping
  • about / Swap
  • to compressed memory (zram) / Swap to compressed memory (zram)
• sys filesystem
  • about / The proc and sysfs filesystems
• sysroot
  • setting / Setting the sysroot
• system calls
  • displaying, strace used / Using strace to show system calls
• systemd
  • about / systemd
  • building, with Yocto Project / Building systemd with the Yocto Project and Buildroot
  • building, with Buildroot / Building systemd with the Yocto Project and Buildroot
  • targets, defining / Introducing targets, services, and units, Targets
  • services, defining / Introducing targets, services, and units, Services
  • units, defining / Introducing targets, services, and units, Units
  • used, for booting system / How systemd boots the system
  • service, adding / Adding your own service
  • watchdog, adding / Adding a watchdog
  • implications, for embedded Linux / Implications for embedded Linux
• systemd system and Service Manager
  • reference / Further reading
• System V init
  • about / System V init
  • inittab / inittab
  • init.d scripts / The init.d scripts
  • new daemon, adding / Adding a new daemon
  • services, starting / Starting and stopping services
  • services, stopping / Starting and stopping services

T

• .tar file
  • URL / Getting the source
• TAR archive
  • URL / Installing
• tarball
  • URL / Building U-Boot
• task
  • about / What is real-time?
• temporary filesystems
  • about / Temporary filesystems
• Terminal user interface (TUI) / Terminal user interface
• Tertiary Program Loader (TPL)
  • about / Kconfig and U-Boot
• TFTP
  • used, for loading kernel / Using TFTP to load the kernel
• third stage program loader (TPL)
  • about / Phase 2: SPL
• thread
  • defining / Process or thread?
• threaded interrupt handlers
  • about / Threaded interrupt handlers
• Thread IDs (TIDs)
  • about / Creating a new thread
• thread local storage (TLS)
  • about / Inter-thread communication
• threads
  • about / Threads
  • new thread, creating / Creating a new thread
  • terminating / Terminating a thread
  • program, compiling with / Compiling a program with threads
  • inter-thread communication / Inter-thread communication
  • mutual exclusion / Mutual exclusion
  • conditions, changing / Changing conditions
  • problem, partitioning / Partitioning the problem
• timeshare policies
  • about / Timeshare policies
• toolchain / The four elements of embedded Linux
  • defining / What is a toolchain?
  • finding / Finding a toolchain
  • crosstool-NG, installing / Installing crosstool-NG
  • selecting / Selecting the toolchain
  • anatomy / Anatomy of a toolchain
  • cross compiler, defining / Finding out about your cross compiler
  • sysroot / The sysroot, library, and header files
  • library / The sysroot, library, and header files
  • header files / The sysroot, library, and header files
  • tools / Other tools in the toolchain
• toolchain types
  • native toolchain, versus cross toolchain / Types of toolchain - native versus cross toolchain
• tri-level cell (TLC) chips
  • about / NAND flash
• Trivial File Transfer Protocol (TFTP)
  • about / Loading images

U

• U-Boot
  • about / U-Boot, Kconfig and U-Boot
  • URL / U-Boot
  • building / Building U-Boot, Building and testing
  • installing / Installing U-Boot
  • using / Using U-Boot
  • environment variables / Environment variables
  • Boot image format / Boot image format
  • images, loading / Loading images
  • Linux, booting / Booting Linux
  • porting, to new board / Porting U-Boot to a new board
  • testing / Building and testing
  • Falcon mode / Falcon mode
• UBIFS
  • about / UBIFS
• uClibc
  • URL / Choosing the C library
• UEFI firmware
  • booting with / Booting with UEFI firmware
• UFS (universal flash storage)
  • about / Block devices
• unique set size (Uss)
  • about / Using smem
• Universal Extensible Firmware Interface (UEFI)
  • about / Booting with UEFI firmware
  • URL / Booting with UEFI firmware
• universal flash storage (UFS)
  • about / Other types of managed flash
• unsorted block image (UBI)
  • about / UBI and UBIFS, UBI
• user accounts
  • configuring / Configuring user accounts
  • adding, to root filesystem / Adding user accounts to the root filesystem
• User Mode Linux (UML)
  • about / QEMU
• user space
  • defining / Early user space
• user space memory layout
  • defining / User space memory layout

V

• Valgrind
  • about / Valgrind, Using Valgrind for application profiling
  • URL / Valgrind
  • for application profiling / Using Valgrind for application profiling
• virtual memory
  • defining / Virtual memory basics
  • advantages / Virtual memory basics

Y

• YAFFS2 filesystem
  • about / YAFFS2
  • URL / YAFFS2
  • creating / Creating a YAFFS2 filesystem
  • reference / Creating a YAFFS2 filesystem
• Yocto
  • and PREEMPT_RT / The Yocto Project and PREEMPT_RT
• Yocto Project
  • references / Finding a toolchain, Installing the Yocto Project, Further reading
  • URL / Build systems, The Yocto Project
  • about / The Yocto Project
  • defining / Background
  • components / Background
  • stable releases and support / Stable releases and support
  • installing / Installing the Yocto Project
  • configuring / Configuring
  • building / Building
  • running / Running
  • layers / Layers
  • images, customizing via / Customizing images via local.conf
  • image recipe, writing / Writing an image recipe
  • SDK, creating / Creating an SDK
  • License audit / License audit
  • setting up / Setting up the Yocto Project