PEid and TrID are the tools that are able to detect the type of file, the compiler used, the encrypting tool, and the packer and protector used. Compressed executables are better known as packers. Some examples of these packers are UPX, PECompact, and Aspack. Protectors, on the other hand, are somewhat like packers, but rather more advanced in the sense that the original compiled code would be protected from being reversed easily. Examples of protectors include Themida, AsProtect, and Enigma Protector.
Protector software is usually commercial software. Neither tool is updated anymore but both still work very well. Here's a screenshot of PEiD's main interface:
Here's a screenshot of how TrID can be used in a Linux Terminal:
At the time of writing, these tools could be downloaded at the following links:
PEid is available from http://www.softpedia.com/get/Programming/Packers-Crypters-Protectors/PEiD-updated.shtml.
TriD is available at http://mark0.net/soft-trid-e.html.
PEid is available from http://www.softpedia.com/get/Programming/Packers-Crypters-Protectors/PEiD-updated.shtml.
TriD is available at http://mark0.net/soft-trid-e.html.