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by M Hall
Materials for Energy Efficiency and Thermal Comfort in Buildings
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Woodhead Publishing Series in Energy
Preface
This publication was sponsored by The Austin Company of UK Limited
Part I: Fundamental issues and building physics: understanding energy efficiency and thermal comfort in the built environment
Chapter 1: Heat and mass transport processes in building materials
Abstract:
1.1 Introduction
1.2 Heat transfer: the transport of energy
1.3 Mass transfer: the transport of matter
1.4 Summary
1.7 Appendix: Nomenclature
Chapter 2: Hygrothermal behaviour and simulation in buildings
Abstract:
2.1 Introduction
2.2 Hygrothermal loads
2.3 Modelling simultaneous heat and moisture transfer processes
2.4 Input data for hygrothermal calculations
2.5 Hygrothermal calculation results
2.6 Model validation and practical applications
2.7 Limitations of current hygrothermal models
2.8 Conclusions and future trends
Chapter 3: Ventilation, air quality and airtightness in buildings
Abstract:
3.1 Introduction
3.2 Ventilation systems
3.3 Physical mechanisms
3.4 Feasibility of natural ventilation
3.5 Natural ventilation design
3.6 Issues concerning materials
3.7 Future trends
Chapter 4: Heat energy storage and cooling in buildings
Abstract:
4.1 Introduction
4.2 Psychrometrics
4.3 Fundamentals of thermal energy storage
4.4 Materials for thermal energy storage
4.5 Thermal storage applications for building heating and cooling
4.8 Appendix: Nomenclature
Chapter 5: Thermal comfort in buildings
Abstract:
5.1 Introduction
5.2 Thermal comfort
5.3 Measurement of thermal comfort
5.4 The thermal index: an assessment technique
5.5 Thermal comfort indices
5.6 International Standards and thermal comfort
5.7 Behavioural thermoregulation, thermal comfort and the adaptive model
5.8 Equivalent clothing index (IEQUIV)
5.9 Equivalent clothing index, the comfort temperature range and temperature limits in offices
5.10 Sustainable thermal comfort
Chapter 6: Environmental health and safety in buildings
Abstract:
6.1 Introduction
6.2 Safety issues in occupied spaces
6.3 Combustion, fire and combustible materials
6.4 Infiltration of outdoor pollutants
6.5 Indoor emissions and outgassing
6.6 Occupant activity
6.7 Transformations within the interior
6.8 Particles in buildings that impact on environmental health and safety
6.9 Materials and toxicity
6.10 Advanced material requirements
6.11 Future trends
Part II: Materials and sustainable technologies: improving energy efficiency and thermal comfort in the built environment
Chapter 7: Life cycle assessment and environmental profiling of building materials
Abstract:
7.1 Materials sustainability
7.2 A life cycle approach to selecting building materials
7.3 A brief history of life cycle assessment (LCA)
7.4 Environmental labelling
7.5 Life cycle assessment (LCA) of building materials
7.6 Life cycle assessment (LCA) standardisation
7.7 UK context
7.8 Other issues
Chapter 8: Inorganic mineral materials for insulation in buildings
Abstract:
8.1 Introduction
8.2 Regulatory requirements
8.3 Building-related properties
8.4 Ecological and health aspects
8.5 Individual product profiles
8.6 Summary
Chapter 9: Natural fibre and fibre composite materials for insulation in buildings
Abstract:
9.1 Introduction
9.2 Regulatory requirements
9.3 Building-related properties
9.4 Ecological and health aspects
9.5 Individual product profiles
9.6 Reference buildings
9.7 Summary
Chapter 10: Polymeric foam materials for insulation in buildings
Abstract:
10.1 Introduction
10.2 Foams classification, materials and foaming mechanism
10.3 Processing technologies
10.4 Thermoplastic and thermosetting foams
10.5 Future trends
10.8 Appendix: Abbreviations
Chapter 11: Thermal insulation material for building equipment
Abstract:
11.1 Introduction
11.2 Insulation materials
11.3 Form pieces and form parts
11.4 Support and spacer ring constructions
11.5 Vapour retarder materials
11.6 Claddings
11.7 Insulation system
11.8 Heat loss of the operational installation in technical building equipment
Chapter 12: Reflective materials and radiant barriers for insulation in buildings
Abstract:
12.1 Background and definitions
12.2 Applications and assemblies
12.3 Basis for thermal performance
12.4 Measurement of thermal performance
12.5 Codes and standards
Chapter 13: Aerogel materials for insulation in buildings
Abstract:
13.1 Introduction
13.2 Processing material and properties
13.3 Aerogel formation
13.4 Physical properties of aerogels
13.5 Applications of aerogels
13.6 Future trends
13.7 Conclusions
Chapter 14: Hygrothermal materials for heat and moisture control in buildings
Abstract:
14.1 Introduction
14.2 Characterization of hygrothermal functional properties
14.3 Material classes
14.4 Applications in buildings and occupied spaces
14.5 Future trends
14.6 Sources of further information and advice
14.7 Acknowledgements
14.9 Appendix: Nomenclature
Chapter 15: Desiccant materials for moisture control in buildings
Abstract:
15.1 Introduction
15.2 Desiccant cycle
15.3 Desiccant applications
15.4 Health and comfort
15.5 Air quality
15.6 Natural and commercial desiccants: typical materials
15.7 Practical applications of commercial desiccants
15.8 Practical applications of natural desiccants for modifying building humidity
15.10 Appendix: Energy efficiency ratio (EER) and coefficient of performance (COP)
Chapter 16: Phase change materials for energy storage and thermal comfort in buildings
Abstract:
16.1 Introduction
16.2 Background
16.3 Selection of phase change materials (pcm) and fabrication of pcm-gypsum wallboards (pcmgw)
16.4 Full-scale testing facilities
16.5 Benefits of applying thermal energy storage
16.6 Computer simulation
16.7 Conclusions
Chapter 17: Porous materials for direct and indirect evaporative cooling in buildings
Abstract:
17.1 Introduction
17.2 Assessing the capacities of evaporative cooling systems and the associated requirements in materials
17.3 Comparative analyses of potential materials for evaporative cooling
17.4 Potential applications of porous materials in buildings
17.5 Conclusions
17.7 Appendix: Nomenclature
Chapter 18: Prefabricated building units and modern methods of construction (MMC)
Abstract:
18.1 Materials led building design
18.2 Offsite construction
18.3 Standardisation in construction
18.4 Types of offsite construction
18.5 Comfort factors in lightweight buildings
18.6 Design led materials for addressing lightweight performance issues
18.7 Delivering sustainable comfort: a question of balance
18.8 Thin solutions (insulation and mass)
18.9 Thermal mass in offsite potential
18.10 Phase change materials (PCMs)
18.11 Advancements in phase change materials for buildings
18.12 New membrane developments
18.13 Composite design
Chapter 19: Roofing materials for thermal performance and environmental integration of buildings
Abstract:
19.1 A question of design
19.2 Roof construction
19.3 Thermal performance of roofing materials
19.4 Vegetated roofing systems
19.5 Solar integrated roofing systems
19.6 Natural ventilation
19.7 Rainwater harvesting
19.8 The role of roofs in building rating systems
19.9 Conclusions
Chapter 20: Assessing and benchmarking the performance of advanced building façades
Abstract:
20.1 Advanced façades
20.2 Façade component options
20.3 Performance models and model parameter measurement
20.4 Integrated performance rating
20.5 Application in practice
20.6 Benchmarking façade performance
Part III: Application of advanced building materials and design: improving energy efficiency and thermal comfort in the built environment
Chapter 21: Advanced building materials and eco-building design
Abstract:
21.1 Introduction
21.2 Issues in eco-building design
21.3 Challenges of sustainable development for a designer
21.4 The eco-building design process
21.5 Heelis: brief case history
21.6 Future trends
Chapter 22: Materials for energy efficiency and thermal comfort in domestic buildings
Abstract:
22.1 Introduction
22.2 EU domestic housing stock
22.3 UK domestic housing
22.4 Building fabric heat loss and CO2 emissions
22.5 Architectural vernacular
22.6 Intervention strategies
22.7 Internal wall insulation
22.8 External wall insulation
22.9 Carbon payback time
22.10 Summary
Chapter 23: Materials for energy efficiency and thermal comfort in commercial buildings
Abstract:
23.1 Introduction
23.2 Energy efficiency and thermal comfort in offices
23.3 Energy efficiency and thermal comfort in retail spaces
23.4 Energy efficiency and thermal comfort in factories and warehouses
23.5 Embodied energy
23.6 Material choice
23.7 Modelling and monitoring thermal performance and comfort
23.8 Future trends in design and refurbishment
Chapter 24: Materials for energy efficiency and thermal comfort in high performance buildings
Abstract:
24.1 Introduction
24.2 User considerations
24.3 External considerations
24.4 Internal considerations
24.5 Process areas
24.6 People areas
24.7 Environmental design and computer modelling
24.8 Environmental and energy considerations
24.9 Building research establishment environmental assessment method (BREEAM®)
24.10 Future trends
Chapter 25: Materials for energy efficiency and thermal comfort in new buildings
Abstract:
25.1 Introduction
25.2 Challenges facing the new build construction sector
25.3 The role, shape and trend of legislation
25.4 Thermal mass
25.5 Phase change materials (PCMs)
25.6 Vegetation and reflective materials
25.7 Future trends
Chapter 26: Materials for energy efficiency and thermal comfort in the refurbishment of existing buildings
Abstract:
26.1 Introduction
26.2 Change of use in buildings
26.3 Approaches to low carbon retrofit systems/technologies
26.4 Post-occupancy evaluation (POE)
26.5 Sources of further information
26.6 Acknowledgements
Chapter 27: Application of design and passive technologies for thermal comfort in buildings in hot and tropical climates
Abstract:
27.1 Thermal comfort in different climates
27.2 Climate impact on urban pattern and building form and fabric
27.3 Climate impact on building fabric
27.4 Approaches and lessons learned from traditional hot-climate architecture
27.5 Applications of design and passive technologies in modern buildings
27.6 Thermal performance of passive solar systems
27.7 Conclusions
Index
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