Contents

About the Authors

Acknowledgments

Introduction

Foreword

image Part I: The Technologies

image Chapter 1: 21st Century Shop Teacher

What Is “Making?”

Who Is a 21st Century Shop Teacher ?

Joan: An Engineer and Educator Meets Making

Rich: The Hacker Path

How the Paths Merge

Defining Your Problem

Making a Scientist

Making and the Common Core

Educational Implications

Broader Social Implications

Making Prototyping Cheaper

Intellectual Property Issues

Summary

image Chapter 2: Arduino, Raspberry Pi, and Programming Physical Things

Processing and Arduino

Learning Processing

Arduino and Its Ecosystem

Interfacing an Arduino with the Real World

Shields

Stepper Motors

Circuit Design and Components

Resistors

LEDs

Power Supplies and Batteries

Raspberry Pi

Starting More Simply

Things You Need To Learn

Adult Supervision

Learning About Circuits

Learning to Code

Learning to Solder

Electrical Safety

Where to Learn Online

How Much Does Getting Started Cost?

Summary

image Chapter 3: 3D Printing

What Is 3D Printing?

Additive vs. Subtractive Manufacturing

Does 3D Printing Live Up to Its Hype?

Types of 3D Printers

The Consumer 3D Printer

Hardware

Firmware

Using a Consumer 3D Printer

Materials

3D Printer Limitations

Print Time and Print Size

Layer Lines And Feature Size

Printer Mechanical Issues

Suppose I Want a Metal or Glass Part?

Purchasing Considerations

Heated Bed

Bed Size

Filament Cartridges vs. Spools

Should I Buy a Kit?

Community Support

3D Printing for Educators

Safety

Using a Service Bureau

How Much Does Getting Started with 3D Printing Cost?

What Do I Have to Learn to Use 3D Printing?

Summary

image Chapter 4: Robots, Drones, and Other Things That Move

Types of Robots

The Technology of Hobbyist Robots

Making Robots Move

Controlling a Robot

Powering a Robot

Quadcopter Drones

Robotics as a Competitive Sport

What Do You Need to Know to Get Started?

Kits

Safety

What Does It Cost to Get Started?

Summary

image Part II: Applications and Communities

image Chapter 5: What’s a Makerspace (or Hackerspace)?

Types of Maker/Hackerspaces

Why Are Makerspaces Important?

Case Studies: Community Maker/Hackerspaces

Crashspace, Culver City, California

Vocademy: The Makerspace, Riverside, California

Artisan’s Asylum, Somerville, Massachusetts

Fab Labs, Worldwide

TechShop

Equipment Considerations

Biohacking

Makerspaces at Museums, Schools, and Libraries

Museums and Libraries

Case study: Windward School, West Los Angeles

How Students Use Creative Space

The Younger Set

What Do You Need to Learn to Start a Makerspace?

What Does It Cost to Start a Makerspace?

Summary

image Chapter 6: Citizen Science and Open Source Labs

Types of Citizen Science Projects

Amateurs Analyze Professionally Generated Data

Amateurs Take Data, Scientists Analyze It

Amateurs Take And Analyze Data

Citizen Science Case Study: Invasive Species

PSHB

iNaturalist.org

Instrumentation

Building Your Own Sensor Networks

Storing Data

Centralized Data Collection

Weather Considerations

Open Source Labs

Challenges and Constraints of DIY Lab Equipment

What Do You Need to Know to Get Started?

Websites

University Labs

Other Sources

What Does It Cost to Get Started?

Summary

image Chapter 7: Cosplay, Wearable Tech, and the Internet of Things

Basics of Arduino-type Wearables

Fashiontech

Cosplay

Georgian Gown Structural Analysis

From Knitting to Programmable Textiles

The Internet of Things

What Do You Need to Know to Get Started?

What Does It Cost to Get Started?

Summary

image Chapter 8: Circuits and Programming for Kids

Crowdfunded Inventions

Learning Programming

Learning About Hardware

MaKey MaKey

Drawing Circuits

Magnetic-Connector Circuits

Robot Kits with Programmable Microprocessor Boards

What Do You Need to Know to Get Started?

What Does It Cost to Get Started?

Summary

image Chapter 9: Open Source Mindset and Community

What Is Open Source?

The Early Days of Open Source

Perspectives on Collaboration

The Internet and the Open Source Hacker Learning Style

Open Hardware

Free Speech vs. Free Beer

Share Alike

What Does a Beginning Open Source User Need to Know?

Contributing to Open Source Yourself

Hackathons

The Challenges of Open Source

Summary

image Chapter 10: Creating Female Makers

The Engineering Life

Quiet, Please

Stupid Girl

About Bias

Purposeful Making

Getting More Girls Into Tech

One View: Why Are There So Few Women at Hackerspaces?

Why Focus on Female Makers?

The Numbers

The Problem

Case Studies

 Marlborough School: Robots, Visual Arts, and More

Castilleja School

Bridgette Mongeon

Vocademy: The Makerspace

Construction Toys for Girls

One Girl at a Time

What Do You Need to Learn To Get Started?

What Does It Cost to Start a “Maker Girls” Group?

Summary

image Chapter 11: Making at a Community College and Beyond

The Design Technology Pathway

The Facility

The Project

The Tactile Models

The Map

The Chemistry Models

The Eye

Further Implications

The Students Reflect on the Experience

Summary

image Part III: How Scientists Get Started

image Chapter 12: Becoming a Scientist

Beginnings

Joan’s Start

Building on Experience

The Equation

The Spark

Cowboys, Spaceships, and Baker Street

Finding Proto-Scientists

How Do We Imagine Scientists and Science?

 Science Reality Meets Science Fiction

Summary

image Chapter 13: How Do Scientists Think?

We See Only What We Believe

Different Ways of Doing Science

Observing

Curating and Protecting

Science Philosophy

Indirect Measurement

Beyond What We Can See

Designing Good Experiments

Developing a Theory

Science at All Ages

Summary

image Chapter 14: What Do Scientists Do All Day?

Science vs. Engineering

The Business of Science

The Daily Grind

Some Typical Scientists (and Engineers, and Mathematicians…)

Southern Crossings

Mental Frontiers

Bird Societies

Robot Crew

Looking Back, Looking Forward

Summary

image Part IV: Tying It All Together

image Chapter 15: Learning by Iterating

Failing and Frustration

Failures vs. Iteration

Grand Failures

Problem-Based Learning

Iteration for Robust Design

Case Study: Bar Clamps

Iterative Problem Solution as Career Training

Summary

image Chapter 16: Learning Science By Making

Learning the Science of Making

Learning by 3D Printing

Learning by Using Arduinos, Wearable Tech, and Sensors

Adding Making to a Traditional Science (or Math) Curriculum

Creating Equipment for Experiments

Visualizing Difficult Concepts

Mechanical Learning

Creating Instrumentation

Making Learning Aids for the Visually Impaired Student

Overcoming Barriers

Just Make Something!

Summary

image Chapter 17: What Scientists Can Learn from Makers

Practical Things Scientists Can Learn from Makers

3D-Printed Insect Traps

One-off Lab Automation

Using Maker Technologies to Visualize (or Teach) Abstract Concepts

How Hackers and Scientists Are Similar (and How They Differ)

Hacker Peer Review

Taking Risks

Making Change

Summary

image Appendix: Links

Index

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