Index
Symbols and numbers
’ (apostrophe key), 250
] (right bracket key), 240
3D Animation Basics video, 3
See also animation
3D cameras. See cameras
3D Garage resources, 357
3D Links Web site, 358
3D modeling basics, 3
See also modeling
3D Palace Web site, 358
3D World Web forum, 358
8-bit vs. 24-bit images, 135
A
AblanGallery.com, 360
about this book, xvii–xviii
Action Center, 36
activating bones, 320, 323, 325
Add category
Items tab, 67
Setup tab, 73
Add Dynamic drop-down, 293
Add Keys button, 200
Add Node menu, 112
Add Particle Emitter panel, 268–269, 270
Add Plug-ins option, 355
Add Points option, 221
Additive option, 327
Adobe Photoshop, 135
Advanced camera, 169
Affect OpenGL option, 139
Align to Path option, 283
Align tool, 302
Alpha channels
saving, 347
ambient light, 125–126
angles, camera, 166–168
Animation: From Script to Screen (Culhane), 357
animation
color channel, 211–213
defined, 173
dynamic effects, 289–312
hard-body, 291–309
modeling for, 299–303
soft-body, 309–312
types of, 290
particle, 267–288
collisions, 278–281
control options, 270–274
editing options, 286–288
emitters, 268–270
images, 285–286
surfaces, 281–284
wind and, 274–278
rendering, 339–349
batch, 348
general-purpose, 342–346
range-type, 341–342
saving renders, 346–347
selected objects, 348
setup for, 341–342
single-frame, 342
speeding up, 284
text and logo, 215–229
backdrop images, 217–222
beveling text, 225–226
creating text, 222–223
importing EPS files, 228
lighting, 228
pivot points, 227–228
setting up in Layout, 228
surfacing text, 224–225
animation I/O plug-ins, 353
animation UV plug-ins, 353
Animator’s Workbook, The (White), 357
antialiasing, 156–157, 284, 343–344
apostrophe key (’), 250
arbitrary rendering, 342
ray-traced shadows and, 138
working with, 138–140
Art of 3D: Computer Animation and Imaging, The (Kerlow), 357
aspect ratios. See pixel aspect ratios
Attract setting, 298
audiovisual resources, 357, 359–360
Auto Frame Advance option, 345, 348
Auto Key Create option, 175, 180, 183
Auto Key feature, 175–180
caution about, 180
creating keyframes with, 47–49
exercise on using, 175–180
manual keyframing with, 181–187
recording of motion by, 331
auto weight map feature, 335
Axis drop-down list, 296
B
backdrop images, 217–222
building elements over, 219–222
deleting from Modeler, 222
hiding/displaying, 221
saving, 219
setting up, 217–219
Backdrop tab, 217
background curves, 200–201
background layers, 13–14
baking process, 50
bananas, modeling, 232–243
Basic tab, Surface Editor, 91–93
batch rendering, 348
Bend tool, 242
Bevel tool, 225–226
beveling text, 225–226
Bezier splines, 207–208
Bezier tool, 222
bias, 189
Billowing effect, 284
Birth Rate setting, 272
Blend option, 327
Blending Mode settings, 97
blur effects
Motion Blur option, 158–159
Particle Blur option, 160
reflection and refraction, 94
Blur Length setting, 159
Bone Icon Size setting, 321
Bone Properties panel, 317, 318, 322, 324, 330–331
Bone Setup: MirrorHierarchy panel, 325
Bone Weights tool, 326
bones, 313–338
adding to objects, 316–318
controls for, 72
creating, 314–316
editing, 325
explained, 314
hierarchies of, 318–325
adding child bones, 318–321
setting up multiple, 321–325
rest length of, 317–318
Skelegons, 332–337
creating, 332–336
tips about, 336–337
using in Layout, 336
video tutorials, 314, 333, 337, 338
weights, 325–331
assigning, 330–331
creating, 328–330
settings for, 326–327
book resources, 356–357
Boolean functions, 21
borders, limited region, 151–152, 153
bounce cards, 131
Bounce setting
hard-body collisions, 298, 309
particle collisions, 280
Bounce/Bind Power option
hard-body collisions, 294–295, 298, 307
particle collisions, 280
Bounding Box Threshold option, 80
bowls
filling with fruit, 258–261
steps for modeling, 256–257
Box setting, 297
Box tool
still-life objects and, 232, 261
brightness
setting for lights, 121
Bump option, 93
C
C button, 40
Calculate button, 287, 294, 295, 305–306
Camera Properties panel, 144
Current Camera selection list, 154
Field Rendering option, 148, 160
Mask Options tab, 164
Motion Effects tab, 158
Render Globals panel and, 144, 146, 340–341
Soft Filter option, 158
Stereo and DOF tab, 160
Use Global option, 146, 159, 340, 343
Camera Selector plug-in, 145
Camera view, 148–149, 308, 343
cameras, 143–172
adaptive sampling settings, 158
angle settings, 166–168
antialiasing settings, 156–157
depth of field settings, 161–163
field of view settings, 156
field rendering option, 148
focal distance setting, 161–162
f-stop settings, 162
lens focal length, 154–156
limited region settings, 151–153
mask options, 164
motion effects, 158–160
overview of, 143–144
pixel aspect ratios, 147–148
range finder for, 162–163
resolution settings, 146–147
rule of thirds and, 165–166
segment memory settings, 153–154
selecting, 154
setting up, 144–146
Soft Filter option, 158
stereoscopic rendering option, 160
Advanced camera, 169
Classic camera, 168
Orthographic camera, 169–170
Perspective camera, 170
Real Lens camera, 170
Surface Baking camera, 171
Tilt Shift camera, 171
virtual, 176
zoom factors, 154–156
Catmull, Edwin, 36
Catmull-Clark subdivisions, 36, 239, 246–247, 255
caustics, 128
Center Current Item button, 53
CG Talk Web forums, 358
Change Surface dialog box, 38
still-life modeling and, 248, 252, 255, 262
channel filter plug-ins, 353
channels
animating color, 211–213
displaying color, 89
footprints used for, 203–205
removing from Curve Bin, 195
selecting noncontiguous, 193
setting up in Graph Editor, 191–193
character modeling
bones for, 313–338
adding, 316–318
child, 318–321
creating, 314–316
hierarchies of, 318–325
weights of, 325–331
Skelegons for, 332–337
creating, 332–336
tips about, 336–337
using in Layout, 336
Child Bone button, 315
child bones, 315
activating, 320
child layers, 12
Clark, Jim, 36
Class on Demand, 357
Classic camera, 168
Classic motion blur, 159
Clear All Lights button, 121–122
Clear Scene command, 55
Clip setting, 327
Clips tab, 285
Clone button, 125
cloning
lights, 124–125
particles, 288
Close All Objects command, 222
cloth
animating, 312
modeling, 261–265
Collada file format, 352
Collision By option, 296
Collision Detect setting, 311
collision dynamics
controls for, 297–299
particle, 278–281
soft-body, 310–312
collision effectors
hard-body collisions, 304–307
particle collisions, 279
Collision option, 279
Collision Size value, 311
color
cycling, 213
safe area outline, 149
Color category, 25
Color Channel option, 89
color channels
animating, 211–213
displaying, 89
color connections, 114
Color control settings, 91–92
color picker, 81
color space, 347
color vertex maps, 40
Combine tools, 21
Commands category
Layout, 74
Modeler, 28
Comment field, 93
composition issues
camera angles, 166–168
rule of thirds, 165–166
Composition Overlay, 165
Configure Keys panel, 58
Configure Menus panel, 58–60, 100
connections in Node Editor
connection types, 113–114
making node connections, 113, 116
unhooking node connections, 116
Constant setting, 205
Construct tab, 20
content directory, xx–xxi, 2, 10, 41, 91
Content Manager, 56
continuity, 188–189
contrast, background image, 218, 219
Convert Skelegon command, 337
Convert tools, 22
cookies, 135
coordinate system, 69–70
Copy Time Slice feature, 198–199
copying/pasting
keyframes, 51
surfaces, 109
Create category, 78
Create Motion Key panel, 183
Create Skelegons tool, 335
Create tab, 16–18
Create Vertex Color Map option, 40
Create Weight Map panel, 329
Creating 3D Animation (Lord), 357
Creative COW Web site, 358
Crumple node, 112
cucoloris, 135
Culhane, Shamus, 357
Current Camera selection list, 154
Current Item selector, 46
Current Light drop-down list, 122
Curve Bin, 190
adding channels to, 192–193
removing channels from, 195
reordering items in, 192
selecting all curves in, 200
Curve Controls zone, 191
Curve Window, 190
creating keys in, 200–201
editing curves in, 193–194
moving keyframes in, 197
navigation of, 202
Numeric Limits option, 202
selecting all keyframes in, 204
curves, 23
adjusting values for, 210–211
controlling with Move TCB tool, 187–189
creating in Graph Editor, 209–211
editing in Graph Editor, 193–194, 199–200
foreground and background, 200–201
importing into Graph Editor, 202
multicurve editing, 199–200
selecting in Curve Bin, 200
spline controls, 206–208
stepped transitions, 208–209
Curves category
Create tab, 17–18
Detail tab, 23
Curves tab, Graph Editor, 205–211
custom object plug-ins, 353
customizing Modeler viewports, 7–8
Cvt Skelegons command, 337
cycling lights, 213
cyclorama, 128
D
dark lights, 122–123
Deform tab, 311
deformation tools, 314
Delete category, 68
Delete Motion Key dialog box, 186
deleting
images, 222
keyframes, 186
particles, 288
plug-ins, 355
Skelegons, 335
See also removing
Density setting, 283
depth of field (DOF), 161–163
focal distance and, 161–162
f-stop settings and, 162
range finder for, 162–163
DeRose, Tony, 36
deselecting selections, 33, 35
Desktop Images Web site, 357
destination nodes, 112
Detail tools
Layout, 73
Modeler, 22–24
Digital Character Animation 3 (Maestri), 356
Digital Cinematography & Directing (Alban), 357
Digital Lighting & Rendering (Birn), 121, 356
Digital Photography for 3D Imaging and Animation (Alban), 356
direct light, 125
Direction setting, 275
displacement plug-ins, 353
Display command, 89
Display Options panel
Backdrop tab, 217
Bounding Box Threshold option, 80
Hide Toolbar option, 100
Image Resolution setting, 218
Interface tab, 250
Layout, 79–80
Modeler, 40–41
Show Safe Areas option, 149
Display SubPatch Level setting, 317
displaying
backdrop images, 221
color channels, 89
menus, 100
panels, 151
surface subdivisions, 317
toolbars, 100
See also viewing options
distant lights, 120
dome lights, 120
Double Sided option, 93
Drag tool
backdrop images and, 221
glass window modeling and, 301
positioning bones using, 338
still-life modeling and, 236, 242, 247, 264
Draw Skelegons mode, 334
Drill tool, 221
drop-down menus, 55
Duplicate tools, 20
dutch camera angle, 167–168
DVD included with book, xx–xxi, 359–360
loading files from, 360
playing videos on, 360
setting content directory for, xx–xxi, 91
system requirements for, 360
tech support website, 359
Dynamic Obj button, 268
Dynamic Obj drop-down menu, 275, 279, 303, 307
collision, 293–299, 303–309, 310–312
controls for, 290–291, 297–299
explained, 290
hard-body, 291–309
collision controls, 297–299
creating, 291–296
modeling for, 299–303
shattering glass, 303–309
tips for working with, 309
soft-body, 309–312
types of, 290
Dynamics tab, 272, 279, 290, 293, 297, 299
E
E buttons, 61, 173–174, 211–212, 298
EdgeBevel tool, 233–234, 241, 245
Detail tab, 23
Selection tab, 30
Edges selection mode, 233, 244
Edit By modes, 87–88
Edit category, 73
Edit Keyboard Shortcuts panel, 57–58
Edit menu, 56–60
Edit Plug-ins panel, 355
editing
bones, 325
keyboard shortcuts, 57–58
lights, 124
menus, 58–60
particles, 286–288
editors
Scene Editor, 64–66
Virtual Studio, 63
See also menus
effectors
smoke, 278
wind, 275–278
Effects panel
plug-ins accessed from, 354
Embedded Alpha setting, 285
emitters, particle, 268–274
control options, 270–274
creating, 268–270
explained, 268
Enable Radiosity setting, 131, 132, 133
Envelope tool, 174
environment plug-ins, 353
EPS files, 228
Erase setting, 298
Event setting, 298
Expand button, 54
Expert mode, 337
Explosion setting, 273
Export category, 79
Export submenu, File menu, 56, 352
exporting scenes/objects, 352
expressions, 174
Extend category, 19–20
Extra Ray Trace Optimization setting, 345
Extrude tool, 223
eye objects, 324
F
Falloff setting, 326–327
FBX file format, 352
FiberFX category, 27
field of view (FOV), 156
Field Rendering option, 148, 160
File drop-down menu, 9
file formats, 218
File menu, 55–56
fill light, 131
Filter By modes, 88
Filtering tab, 343–344
filters
Reconstruction Filter, 157
Soft Filter, 158
Fix Power option, 298
focal distance, 161–162
focal length, 154–156
fonts, 222–223
footprints, 203–205
Force option, 295
forced perspective, 169
foreground curves, 200–201
foreground layers, 13–14
forums, Web-based, 358
forward kinematics, 318
Foundation3D Web site, 358
fractional keyframes, 51
frame buffer plug-ins, 354
Frame End Beep option, 345
frames
rendering, 146
See also keyframes
Free setting, 296
Friction Power control, 298
Front Face Wireframe style, 316, 317
fruit bowl
filling, 258–261
modeling, 256–257
fruit modeling, 231–255
bananas, 232–243
grapes, 249–255
oranges, 243–248
f-stop settings, 162
function connections, 114
FX_Collision Properties panel
hard-body dynamics, 304
particle collisions, 279–280
FX_Emitter panel, 269, 271–272, 287
FX_Wind properties panel, 275
G
General Options panel
Layout, 80–81
Modeler, 41
General tool category
Layout
Modify tab, 68–70
Setup tab, 72
Modeler Map tab, 25
Generator Size options, 272
glass surfaces, 103–106
glass windows
modeling for dynamics, 299–303
shattering, 303–309
Global Illumination panel, 127–128
Enable Radiosity option, 131, 133
Global Illumination tab, 103, 126–127
global plug-ins, 354
Glossiness control, 92, 103–104
GLSL shading option, 77
Go To Frame requester, 49, 185
gobos, 135–137
creating, 135–137
explained, 135
tips for using, 137
grapes, modeling, 249–255
accessing, 190
adjusting values in, 210–211
animating color channels in, 211–213
channels setup in, 191–193
controls used in, 173–174
Copy Time Slice feature, 198–199
curves in
background curves, 200–201
creating/adjusting, 209–211
foreground curves, 200–201
selecting all, 200
Curves tab, 205–206
footprint creation, 203–205
light color and, 122
maximizing the window for, 192
moving keyframes in, 197–198
multicurve editing, 199–200
opening with E buttons, 61, 174, 211–212
overview of zones in, 190–191
plug-ins accessed from, 354
quadrant size, 192
resizing, 194
right-clicking in, 202–203
spline controls, 206–208
Bezier splines, 207–208
Hermite splines, 207
TCB splines, 206
stepped transitions, 208–209
summary points on using, 213–214
timing adjustments, 194–198
tool icons, 197
updating, 194
zoom factor and, 156
graphics. See motion graphics; text and logo animation
grid
focal distance determined using, 162
size control options for, 77
Grid category, 77
Grid Size control, 77
ground collisions
hard-body dynamics, 307–308
soft-body dynamics, 310–312
Group drop-down list, 297
G-Toggle Subpatch, 78
H
handles, 69–70
hard-body dynamics, 291–309
collision controls, 297–299
creating, 291–296
modeling for, 299–303
shattering glass, 303–309
tips for working with, 309
HardFX controls, 294, 299, 305–306, 309
Help menu, 60
Hermite splines, 207
Hide Toolbar option, 100
hiding/showing
backdrop images, 221
menus, 100
panels, 151
surface subdivisions, 317
toolbars, 100
hierarchies of bones, 318–325
child bones, 318–321
explained, 318
multiple, 321–325
Hierarchy view option, 14
horizontal FOV setting, 156
HSV color values, 102
HW Shading option, 77
HyperTexture tab, 284
HyperVoxels, 268, 269, 281–284
HyperVoxels panel, 282–284, 285
I
IK Boost Tool, 70–71, 337, 338
IKB Calculate button, 71
Illusion of Life: Disney Animation, The (Thomas and Johnston), 357
image I/O plug-ins, 354
Image Map setting, 97
image processing plug-ins, 354
Image Seam Angle control, 94
Image Viewer, 106, 129, 139, 345
Image Viewer FP, 345
Image World plug-in, 133
images
backdrop, 217–222
building over, 219–222
deleting from Modeler, 222
particle, 285–286
projection, 135–137
Impact Effect setting, 295, 296, 307
Import category, 79
Import submenu, File menu, 56
importing
curves, 202
EPS files, 228
in-betweening process, 178, 199
incremental save, 220
info area, 35
Info panel
Modeler, 38
Node Editor, 114
Initial Value option, 329
Inside button, 280
installing LightWave 3D, xix–xx
integer connections, 114
intensity, light, 121, 122–123, 127
interactive particles, 278–281
Layout, 44–54
Modeler, 4–15
interlacing, 148
Inverse Distance values, 327
inverse kinematics, 70–71, 318
item selection buttons, 46
Items tab, 67–68
J
Johnston, Ollie, 357
Joint bones, 314
K
Kerlow, Isaac V., 357
key light, 131
keyboard shortcuts
assigning, 58
editing, 57–58
saving, 58
adjusting values of, 211
Auto Key feature, 47–49, 175–180
controlling curves for, 187–189
deleting, 186
displaying info about, 194
Dope Track, 49–51
fractional, 51
frame number for, 198
keeping track of, 48
lasso selection of, 197
manually setting, 180–187
motions created with, 174–189
Move TCB tool and, 187–189
moving in Graph Editor, 197–198
rendering, 342
rule of thumb for, 189
selecting all, 204
TCB values, 188–189
Kurv Studios, 357
L
Lasso select mode, 33–34
Lasso tool, 197
Lathe tool, 257
Layer Opacity option, 97
layers, 9–15
background, 13–14
explained, 9–10
foreground, 13–14
naming, 12
parent and child, 12
reversing, 250
viewing, 14
Layers category, 31
Layers panel
opening, 10
viewing layers in, 14
Layout, 43–82
bones, 314–318
adding to objects, 316–318
creating, 314–316
Dope Track, 49–51
editors
Graph Editor, 62–63
Image Editor, 62
Node Editor, 110–118
Scene Editor, 64–66
Virtual Studio, 63
Expert mode, 337
hiding toolbars/menus in, 100
interface overview, 44–54
item selection buttons, 46
Auto Key feature, 47–49
creating, 47–49
Dope Track, 49–51
menus, 54–60
Edit menu, 56–60
File menu, 55–56
Help menu, 60
Windows menu, 60
Parent in Place button, 66
positioning objects in, 258–261, 264–265
Preferences panel, 79–81
Display Options, 79–80
General Options, 80–81
Skelegons in, 337
tabs, 67–79
Items tab, 67–68
Modeler Tools tab, 78–79
Modify tab, 68–72
Render tab, 74–76
Setup tab, 72–73
Utilities tab, 73–74
View tab, 76–78
timeline, 45–46
viewports, 51–54
movement controls, 53–54
multiple viewports, 52–53
VPR feature, 52
workspace, 44
layout command plug-ins, 354
layout tool plug-ins, 354
Layout tools, Modeler, 27
Left Button Item Select feature, 181
lens focal length, 154–156
Life Time setting, 274, 278, 281
Light Name panel, 123
Light Properties panel, 121–122
Light view, 135
lights, 119–141
adding, 123–124
ambient, 125–126
area, 138–141
caustics, 128
cloning, 124–125
cycling, 213
global illumination options, 126–128
HDR images used as, 133–134
intensity of, 121, 122–123, 127
mirroring, 125
overview of, 119–120
projection images on, 135–137
rotating, 123–124
selecting, 125
studio, 128–132
text and logo, 228
types of, 120–121
volumetric, 126
Lights button, 121
Lights in Scene display, 122
LightWave 3D
CORE technology, xiv
installing, xix–xx
NewTek manual, xv–xvi
plug-ins, 353–356
reference materials, 356–360
supported file formats, 218
Lightwave Tutorials on the Web, 358
Limited Region settings, 151–153
Linear setting, 205
lintography, 160
List view option, 14
Load category, 67
Load Items from Scene command, 55–56, 67
Load Object button, 67
Load Object dialog box, 258
Load Scene command, 182
Load submenu, File menu, 55
loading
plug-ins, 355–356
local zone, 50
Lock Selected Keys option, 198
logo animation. See text and logo animation
Lord, Peter, 357
LScript category
Layout, 74
Modeler, 28
LScript Commander, 74
Luminosity setting
HyperVoxels panel, 283
Luxigons, 26
LWO files, 9
Lynda.com, 357
M
M button, 40
Macintosh computers
Maestri, George, 356
Magic Bevel tool, 253–255
Make Bone Weight Map panel, 326
Make button, 39
manual keyframing, 180–187
Map tab, 24–26
mapping, reflection, 93
Maps category, 30
Mask options, 164
Max OpenGL Lights option, 139
Maximize viewport button, 6, 7, 219
Maximum Render Level setting, 139, 320
MD Arts Web site, 358
Measure category, 24
memory
system, xviii–xix
video, xix
menus
editing, 58–60
hiding, 100
Layout, 54–60
Edit menu, 56–60
File menu, 55–56
Help menu, 60
Windows menu, 60
Modeler, 15
See also editors
metallic surfaces, 106–108
Metamesh Toggle, 78
Mirror button, 125
Mirror Hierarchy tool, 325
Mirror tool, 338
mirroring lights, 125
Mode drop-down, 298
Modeler, 1–42
Action Center, 36
backdrop images, 217–222
building elements over, 219–222
hiding/displaying, 221
saving, 219
setting up, 217–219
Change Surface panel, 38
deleting images from, 222
Display Options panel, 40–41
General Options panel, 41
importing EPS files into, 228
Info panel, 38
interface, 4–15
layers, 9–15
explained, 9–10
foreground/background, 13–14
naming, 12
parent/child, 12
viewing, 14
Make button, 39
menus, 15
Numeric panel, 37
objects, 9–12
explained, 9
loading, 11–12
overview of, 2–3
pivot points, 227–228
selection modes, 32–35
Skelegons in, 332–337
creating, 332–336
tips about, 336–337
Statistics panel, 37
SubD-Type options, 36–37
tabs, 15–32
Construct tab, 20–22
Create tab, 16–18
Detail tab, 22–24
Map tab, 24–26
Modify tab, 18–19
Multiply tab, 19–20
Selection tab, 29–30
Setup tab, 26–27
Utilities tab, 28
View tab, 30–31
text development in, 222–226
creating text, 222–223
surfacing/beveling text, 223–226
toolset, 15
vertex map tools, 39–40
viewports, 4–8
customizing, 7–8
position controls, 6
styles, 7–8
Modeler Tools tab, 78–79
modeling
cloth, 261–265
fruit, 231–255
bananas, 232–243
grapes, 249–255
oranges, 243–248
plug-ins for, 354
still-life objects, 231–265
bowl, 256–261
fruit, 231–255
positioning and, 258–261, 264–265
tablecloth, 261–265
windows for dynamics, 299–303
Modes category, 29
Modes menu, 235
Modified Channels mode, 183, 269, 270
Modify category
Modeler Tools tab, 79
Setup tab, 73
Modify Selection category, 29
Modify tab
Layout, 68–72
Modeler, 18–19
Morph feature, 40
Morph tools, 26
Motion Blur setting
Camera Properties panel, 158–159
Render Globals panel, 344
motion effects, 158–160
motion graphics, 215–229
overview of, 215–216
video on lighting, 228
See also text and logo animation
Motion Lighting video, 228
Motion Options panel, 354
motion paths, 179–180, 183–184, 288
motion plug-ins, 354
Motion tab, 273
motions
automatic keyframing, 175–180
controlling curves, 187–189
manual keyframing, 180–187
Motions category, 73
mouse buttons, xv, 34
Move button, 53
Move edit button, 197
Move tool
Auto Key feature and, 177
bone positioning and, 317
collision dynamics and, 305, 310
Graph Editor and, 197–198
manual keyframing and, 185
particle animation and, 270, 280, 288
right mouse button and, 259
still-life modeling and, 236, 259, 263
wind effectors and, 276–278
multicurve editing, 199–200
Multiply tab, 19–20
Multiprocessing option, 346
Multishift tool, 234, 237–238, 245
Multithreading option, 346
N
naming/renaming
layers, 12
plug-ins, 355
weight maps, 331
negative lights, 122–123
Network Render tool, 76
NewTek resources, 358
n-gons, 239
Add Node menu, 112
connection types, 113–114
gradient controls, 114–117
info panel, 114
move and zoom controls, 111
opening with Edit Nodes, 111
Surface Editor and, 110
nodes
collision dynamics and, 296
destination, 112
gradient, 114–117
surfacing using, 110–118
unhooking, 116
numeric keypads, 7
Numeric Limits option, 202
Numeric Move selection, 198
Numeric panel, 37
Bevel tool, 225
EdgeBevel tool, 234
Lathe tool, 257
Multishift tool, 234
Size tool, 235
Skelegons, 334
Text tool, 222–223
O
object importer plug-ins, 354
Object Properties panel
Dynamics tab, 272, 279, 290, 293, 297, 299
plug-ins accessed from, 354
object replacement plug-ins, 354
objects, 9–12
adding bones to, 316–318
explained, 9
exporting, 352
rendering selected, 348
Object-Subdiv setting, 297
Offset Repeat setting, 205
off-white lights, 136
Opacity setting
HyperVoxels panel, 283
Layer Opacity option, 97
Operator tab, 311
Options category, 75
oranges, modeling, 243–248
Orthographic camera, 169–170
Oscillate setting, 205
Output tab, 346–347
overlay color options, 149
Overlay settings, 346
P
Package Scene option, 352–353
PAL video standard, 147
panels
hiding/showing, 151
nonmodal nature of, 213–214
See also specific panels
parent bones, 316
Parent in Place button, 66
parent layers, 12
Particle Blur setting, 160
Particle Size setting, 283
Particle Weight setting, 274
particles, 267–288
colliding, 278–281
controlling, 270–274
deleting, 288
editing, 286–288
emitters for, 268–270
images on, 285–286
interactive, 278–281
Life Time value, 274, 278, 281
overview of, 267–268
Perspective camera and, 170
repositioning, 288
surfacing, 281–284
wind and, 274–278
Parts category, 24
Parts option, 305–306
pasting. See copying/pasting
Patches category, 22
Path Wind Mode, 276
Pattern field, 88
penguin modeling exercise
adding bones to objects, 316–318
hierarchies of bones, 318–325
weights of bones, 325–331
Perspective camera, 170
Perspective view, 5, 44, 51, 220
Phong shader, 104
photometric lights, 120
Photoshop application, 135
Piece Mode setting, 305–306
pillow collision dynamics, 310–312
pivot points, 227–228
Pivot Shift value, 309
Pivot tool, 227
pixel aspect ratios, 147–151
explained, 147–148
working with, 148–151
Pixel Lattice Deformation (PLD), 157
Plane option
hard-body collisions, 297, 307, 308
particle collisions, 279
soft-body collisions, 310
plug-ins, 353–356
categories of, 353–354
deleting, 355
finding, 354–355
loading, 355–356
LScript, 356
renaming, 355
scanning for, 355
Plugins category
Point Clone Plus tool, 250–251
point lights, 120–121
point sets, 312
points
adding, 221
pivot, 227–228
Points category
Create tab, 17
Detail tab, 23
Selection tab, 29
Points selection mode, 32–33, 235
polygons
beveling, 236–237
selecting, 302
Polygons category
Create tab, 17
Detail tab, 23
Selection tab, 30
Polygons selection mode, 33, 261, 264, 302, 328
Position channel, 193
position controls, Modeler viewport, 6
positioning
particles, 288
Powergons, 26
pre- and post-behaviors, 205
Preferences panel, 79–81
Display Options, 79–80
General Options, 80–81
prebuilt surfaces in, 90
storing surfaces in, 88
Presets folder, 90
preview window
Surface Editor, 89
previews
EdgeBevel tool, 233
particle animation, 281, 283, 284
Render Options panel, 139
Primitives category, 16–17
Probability setting, 298
procedural textures, 97
Procedural Type option, 97
processing power, xix
project files on DVD, xx–xxi, 360
projection images, 135–137
creating, 135–137
explained, 135
tips for using, 137
Projects folder, xxi
Properties panel
Bone, 317, 318, 322, 324, 330–331
Cameras, 144
Q
quad view, 220
quality settings, area lights, 140, 141
Quantize dialog box, 301
QuickTime player, 360
R
Radius setting, 275
Radius/Level setting, 279, 298, 304, 307
RAM. See memory
Random Points tool, 250
range finders, 162–163
range-type rendering, 341–342
Ray Recursion Limit setting, 345
Ray Tracing + Spherical Map option, 107
Raytrace Reflection option, 105, 345
Raytrace Refraction option, 345
Raytrace Shadows option, 139, 345
Raytrace Transparency option, 345
ray-traced images
reflections, 93, 105, 108, 345
ray-tracing process, 93
ReadMe file on DVD, 360
Real Lens camera, 170
Realistic Render Mode, 345
Reconstruction Filter, 157
Reduce category, 21
reference materials, 356–360
audiovisual resources, 357
book resources, 356–357
companion DVD, 359–360
Web resources, 358
Reflection Blurring control, 94
Reflection Map control, 94, 107
reflection mapping, 93
Reflection Options control, 94, 105
reflections
applying to surfaces, 100–103
surfacing for, 103–108
Refraction Blurring control, 94
Refraction Index option, 92
Refraction Map control, 94
Refraction Options control, 94
removing
backdrop images from Modeler, 222
channels from Curve Bin, 195
See also deleting
Rename command, 89
Rename Skelegon command, 336
renaming. See naming/renaming
Render category, 76
Render Display options, 129
Render End Beep option, 345
Render Globals panel, 75, 144, 340–341
Auto Frame Advance option, 345, 348
Camera Properties panel and, 144, 146, 340–341
Enable Radiosity option, 131, 133
Filtering tab, 343–344
Global Illumination tab, 126–127
Image Viewer setting, 106, 129, 139, 345
Limited Region setting, 151–153
Motion Blur setting, 344
Output tab, 346–347
Preview setting, 139
Raytrace Reflection option, 105, 345
Raytrace Shadows option, 139, 345
Resolution option, 343
Segment Memory Limit option, 153–154, 343
Shutter Efficiency option, 344
Render Mode setting, 345
Render Options panel, 106, 139
Render SubPatch Level setting, 317
Render tab, 74–76
rendering, 339–349
batch, 348
defined, 146
frames, 146
general-purpose, 342–346
LightWave engine for, 340
plug-ins for, 354
range-type, 341–342
saving renders, 346–347
selected objects, 348
setting up for, 341–342
single-frame, 342
speeding up, 284
thoughts on, 349
RenderQ control, 348
Repeat setting, 205
Replace category, 68
repositioning particles, 288
Reset setting, 205
Resistance setting, 309
resizing. See sizing/resizing
resolution
display options and, 218
pixel aspect ratio and, 150, 151
setting for cameras, 146–147, 343
system memory and, 153
Resolution Multiplier, 147, 343
resources. See reference materials
Rest Length setting, 317–318
reversing layers, 250
right bracket key ( ] ), 240
right mouse button
Mac computers and, xv, 34
moving and rotating with, 259
Right view, 5
Rotate button, 53
Rotate category
Layout, 68
Modeler, 18
Rotate tool
Auto Key feature and, 178
bone positioning and, 317
manual keyframing and, 184, 185
right mouse button and, 259
still-life modeling and, 241, 259, 262
rotating
lights, 123–124
wind effectors, 275
Rotation channel, 193
Rotation tab, 309
Roughness setting, 298
RTV file format, 346
rule of thirds, 165–166
S
S button, 40
safe areas, 149
Save All Objects command, 67, 88
Save Animation option, 346–347
Save command, 88
Save RGB button, 347
Save Scene As command, 55
Save Scene command, 88
Save Scene Increment feature, 55
Save Surface Preset command, 90
saving
Alpha channels, 347
backdrops, 219
fonts, 223
incremental, 220
keyboard shortcuts, 58
renders, 346–347
scalar connections, 114
Scan Directory option, 355
Scatter option, 298
Scene button, 182
Scene Editor, 64–66
Dope Sheet in, 66
editing lights in, 124
exercise on working with, 64–65
Scene list, 191–192
scene master plug-ins, 354
scenes
exporting, 352
packaging, 352–353
Segment Memory Limit setting, 153–154, 343
segmented box modeling, 299–300, 302
Sel Object option, 348
Sel Switch command, 234, 236, 245
Select category, 77–78
Select Connected command, 252
Select Loop option
dynamics modeling and, 300
still-life modeling and, 240
selecting
cameras, 154
channels, 193
curves, 200
lights, 125
polygons, 302
surfaces, 108
Selection modes, 32–35
Action Center, 36
exercise on using, 32–34
Lasso mode, 33–34
Points mode, 32–33
Polygons mode, 33
Symmetry mode, 35
Selection Sets category, 30
Selection tab, 29–30
selections
hiding/unhiding, 31
Self Interaction drop-down, 307
Set Value dialog box, 236, 256, 257
Setup tab
Layout, 72–73
Modeler, 26–27
Shaded Solid option, 320
shaders, 104
shadows
shadow maps, 131
shattering glass, 303–309
Show Handles option, 181
Show Motion Paths option, 180, 184
Show Safe Areas option, 148–149
showing. See displaying
Shutter Efficiency option, 344
Simple Wireframe Points option, 250
Simply LightWave Web site, 358
single-frame rendering, 342
single-point polygons, 268, 269
Size Variation setting, 283
sizing/resizing
bones, 317–318
Graph Editor, 194
limited regions, 152
Surface Editor, 102
Skelegons, 332–337
creating, 332–336
deleting, 335
Numeric panel, 334
splitting, 336
tips about, 336–337
using in Layout, 337
See also bones
Skelegons category, 27
Sketch tool, 222
slices, 283
Sliders tool, 71
smoke
simulating with particles, 270–274
surfacing particles for, 282–284
smoke effector, 278
Smooth Threshold option, 93
snapping keyframes, 51
Soft Filter option, 158
soft-body dynamics, 309–312
SoftFX dynamics panel, 290, 311
Solid Drill tool, 221
Specialty category, 30
Specularity setting, 92, 103–104
spherical lights, 121
SpinQuad Forums, 358
Spline Control tool, 71
Spline Draw tool
still-life modeling and, 256
text/logo creation and, 222
Bezier splines, 207–208
controlling in Graph Editor, 206–208
Hermite splines, 207
TCB splines, 206
Split Skelegon option, 336
spotlights, 121
Stam, Jos, 36
Start By Collision option, 299, 306
Statistics panel, 37
bone weights and, 328
glass window modeling and, 302
stepped transitions, 208–209
stereoscopic rendering, 160
Stick setting, 298
still-life modeling, 231–265
fruit, 231–255
bananas, 232–243
grapes, 249–255
oranges, 243–248
fruit bowl, 256–261
filling, 258–261
modeling, 256–257
positioning objects in, 258–261, 264–265
tablecloth, 261–265
Stop By Collision option, 299
Stretch Direction setting, 283, 285
studio lighting, 128–132
styles, Modeler viewport, 7–8
Subdivide tools, 20
subdivision methods, 239
SubD-Type options, 36–37, 239, 255
Subtract option, Bone Weights panel, 327
Surface Baking camera, 171
accessing, 84
Basic tab, 91–93
commands, 88–90
Edit By modes, 87–88
Filter By modes, 88
Pattern field, 88
resizing, 102
Surface Name list, 85–87
VIPER tool and, 94–99
Surface Editor button, 224
Surface Name list, 85–87
surface normal, 220
Surface Preset panel, 90
surfaces, 84
color settings, 102–103
copying/pasting, 109
glass, 103–106
metallic, 106–108
Node Editor and, 110–118
organizing, 85–87
particle, 281–284
prebuilt, 90
reflections applied to, 100–108
saving to Preset shelf, 90, 109
selecting existing, 87–88, 108
setting up, 91–94
Surface Editor and, 83–110
text, 224–226
working with, 88–90
SVGA mode, 146
SWXGA mode, 146
Symmetry mode, 35
system requirements
for Lightwave 10, xviii–xix
for using the DVD, 360
T
Tab key, 239
tabs
Layout, 67–79
Items tab, 67–68
Modeler Tools tab, 78–79
Modify tab, 68–72
Render tab, 74–76
Setup tab, 72–73
Utilities tab, 73–74
View tab, 76–78
Modeler, 15–32
Construct tab, 20–22
Create tab, 16–18
Detail tab, 22–24
Map tab, 24–26
Modify tab, 18–19
Multiply tab, 19–20
Selection tab, 29–30
Setup tab, 26–27
Utilities tab, 28
View tab, 30–31
Tarantino, Quentin, 171
TCB spline controls, 206
technical support, xx, 359
telephoto lens, 156
television monitors, 149
Template Drill panel, 221
tension, 188
text and logo animation, 215–229
backdrop images, 217–222
building elements over, 219–222
hiding/displaying, 221
saving, 219
setting up, 217–219
general overview of, 216–217
importing EPS files, 228
Layout setup for, 228
lighting for, 228
motion graphics and, 215
setting pivot points, 227–228
text development, 222–226
creating text, 222–223
surfacing/beveling text, 223–226
Text category, 17
Text tool, 222–223
Texture category, 25
Texture mode, 39
Textured Shaded Solid option, 139
node-based, 110
procedural, 97
See also surfaces
Thomas, Frank, 357
three-point lighting, 131
Threshold Value setting, 327
Tilt Shift camera, 171
timeline, 45–46
timing adjustments, 194–198
title-safe area, 149
Toggles category, 78
toolbars, hiding, 100
tools
deformation, 314
vertex map, 39–40
See also specific tools
Tools category, 70–72
Top view, 5
Transform category
Layout, 68
Modeler, 19
transitions, stepped, 208–209
Translate category
Layout, 68
Modeler, 18
Translucency control, 93
Transparency control, 92
troubleshooting DVD problems, 359
Tunnel operation, 221
Tuong-Phong, Bui, 104
tutorials
DVD-based, 360
Web-based, 358
two-button mouse, xv, 34
type animation. See text and logo animation
Type drop-down list, 297
U
undo operations, 41, 56–57, 81, 331
Use Global option, 146, 159, 340, 343
Use Threshold setting, 327
Utilities category, 76
Utilities tab
Layout, 73–74
Modeler, 28
plug-in options, 355
V
Vaughan, William, 332
vector connections, 114
Velocity setting, 272, 273–274
vertex map tools, 39–40
vertical FOV setting, 156
vertices, 235
VGA mode, 146
Vibration setting, 273
video memory, xix
video-safe area, 149
View category, 31
View Layout category, 77
View tab
Layout, 76–78
Modeler, 30–31
viewing options
for bones, 317
for object layers, 14
for viewports, 51
See also displaying
viewports
Layout, 51–54
movement controls, 53–54
multiple viewports, 52–53
VPR feature, 52
Modeler, 4–8
customization, 7–8
position controls, 6
styles, 7–8
Layout, 76–77
Modeler, 31
VIPER button, 95
VIPER tool, 76
particle surfacing and, 283, 284
Texture Editor and, 97–98
tips for using, 99
tutorial on, 95–99
VPR feature vs., 76
virtual cameras, 176
Virtual Studio, 63
VisualParticle movie, 278, 280
Volumetric Antialiasing option, 284
volumetric lights, 126
Volumetrics tab, 282
VPR feature, 52
particle surfacing and, 283, 284
tips for using, 100
VIPER tool vs., 76
W
W button, 39
WaveCycle setting, 311
WaveSize setting, 311–312
Web animation, 153
Web resources, 358
Weight category, 25
weight maps, 325–326
bone, 326–331
Weight Shade mode, 330
weights
bone, 325–331
assigning, 330–331
creating, 328–330
settings for, 326–327
particle, 274
Weights tool, 39
White, Tony, 357
wide-angle lens, 156
wind, particle, 274–278
wind effectors, 275–278
Wind Mode options, 275
windows
modeling for dynamics, 299–303
shattering, 303–309
Windows drop-down menu
Layout, 60
Modeler, 10
X
X, Y, and Z axes, 3
XVGA mode, 146
Z
Z-axis bones, 314
Zoom button, 53
zoom factors, 154–156