PROC SQL Basics
What Is PROC SQL?
PROC SQL is the
SAS implementation of Structured Query Language (SQL). SQL is a standardized
language that is widely used to retrieve and update data in tables
and in views that are based on those tables.
The following table
compares terms that are used in data processing, SAS, and SQL.
This book uses all of
these terms.
|
Data Processing
|
SAS
|
SQL
|
|---|---|---|
|
file
|
SAS data set
|
table or view
|
|
record
|
observation
|
row
|
|
field
|
variable
|
column
|
PROC SQL can often be
used as an alternative to other SAS procedures or the DATA step. Use
PROC SQL for tasks such as these:
-
retrieve data from and manipulate SAS tables
-
add or modify data values in a table
-
add, modify, or drop columns in a table
-
create tables and views
-
join multiple tables (when they contain columns with the same name)
-
generate reports
PROC SQL Syntax
The SQL procedure is
initiated with a PROC SQL statement. You can use multiple statements
within a PROC SQL step. Each statement defines a process and is executed
immediately. Each statement must end with a semicolon. The SQL procedure
is terminated with a QUIT statement.
|
Syntax, SQL procedure:
PROC SQL <options>;
statements;
QUIT;
|
Last updated: October 16, 2019
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