Index
Δ-E (delta-E) values, 43, 186, 267, 533
3-channel encoding, 62
3-color dye-sub printers, 192–193
8-bit encoding, 61
16-bit color, 98
16-bit encoding, 62
24-bit color, 61
256 levels, encoding color for, 61–63
A
absolute colorimetric rendering, 89, 91, 291
Abstract profiles, 520
achromatic components, 32–34, 533
Acrobat. See also specific versions
Color Management preferences, 438–439, 444
and PDF versions, 424–425
and PDF workflows, 423
Preflight tool, 445–447
printing in, 439–440
Proof Setup feature, 445
third-party tools, 428, 453–455
additive primaries, 19–20, 21, 52, 533
Adobe
Acrobat. See Acrobat
black point compensation feature, 355–356
Camera Raw. See Camera Raw
color engine. See ACE
color-managed applications, 341. See also specific applications
consistency of user interface, 341, 379
Distiller. See Distiller
Illustrator. See Illustrator
InDesign. See InDesign
PageMaker, 290
Photoshop. See Photoshop
PressReady, 473
SWOP. See SWOP
Adobe Color Engine, 310, 325. See also ACE
Adobe RGB space, 278
afterimages, 22–23
AI files, 453
algorithms, screening, 57
ambient light, 212–215
Amplitude Modulation screening, 56, 57, 533
analog controls, monitor, 138–143
Apago, 455
aperture, 534
aperture size, spectrophotometer, 165–166
APIs, 307
Apple ColorSync. See ColorSync
Apple Computer, 85
Apple Preview, 323
AppleScript, 467, 475, 476, 477, 479–481
AppleScript Studio, 478
Application Programming Interfaces, 307
color-managed, 306–307, 324–326
CorelDRAW, 393–404
FreeHand, 381–392
Illustrator, 341–375
InDesign, 341–375
Photoshop, 341–375
QuarkXPress, 405–421
non-color-managed, 306–307, 326
overcoming limitations of, 457–458
Applied Science Fiction, 153
artificial light sources, 15. See also light sources
artificial trichromats, 21
Artisan Color Reference System, Sony, 130
in Adobe applications, 356–358
in color-managed applications, 93–94
in documents with multiple objects, 289
scripts for, 477–480
in untagged documents, 285–286
assumed-profile workflows, 283–284
assumed profiles, 534
assuming profiles, 282, 285, 295
autoexposure features, scanner, 116, 117, 153
automation, 457–482
with color servers, 458–464
with DeviceLink profiles, 464–467
with in-RIP color management, 473–474
with prepress solutions, 468–473
purpose of, 457–458
with scripting, 474–481
trade-offs inherent in, 482
automation products, 458
B
backing, measuring targets on black, 168
backwards transform, 102
Barco Calibrator V, 130
BasICColor Display, 130
BasICColor Print3c, 174, 190, 191
batch processors, 458
Bayer-pattern color filter array, 375–376
BestColor proofing RIP, 171
binding
premature, 281
biology, color events and, 6
Bitmap Export dialog box, CorelDRAW, 401
bits, 61
black
in CMYK model, 53
density of, 65
measuring targets against, 168
black generation, 197, 205–207, 534
black lights, 15
black point
and Adobe applications, 355–356
defined, 534
as device variable, 63
measuring, 65–66
and monitor calibration, 218–220
testing, 218–220
black point compensation, 355–356, 534
black-point test, 218–220
black scaling, 472
black start settings, 195, 196, 198, 199, 200
blackbody radiators, 10, 13, 534
blind spot, in human eye, 17
brighteners
brightness
as achromatic attribute, 32–34
detecting variations in, 32
of LCD displays, 138
non-linear response to, 31–32
representations of, 36–37
vs. lightness, 34
BtoATag, 518–519
bytes, 61
C
Calibrate controls, Camera Raw, 249–255
calibration, 126–146
adjustments made during, 126–128
and black level settings, 140–141
and black point, 218–220
choosing settings for, 133–135
and color constancy, 48
and color temperature settings, 142–143
common problems with, 217
and dynamic range, 138
and gamma settings, 133, 135, 220–222
goals of, 121–122
and monitor analog controls, 138–143
and monitor geometry settings, 137
and monitor refresh rate, 137
and monitor resolution, 137
and mouse point movements, 144
preparing for, 136–143
printer, 194–195
recommended frequency of, 136
role of measurement in, 119–122
tools available for, 128–132
using densitometers for, 38–39
and white luminance settings, 138–139
and white point, 65–66, 133, 134–135
Calibrator V, Barco, 130
calibrators, visual, 129, 145, 553
Callas, 455
camera metamerism, 29–30, 157, 161, 244, 535
Camera Raw, 375–379
built-in profiles, 161, 376–377
calibrating, 249–255
and color, 376–379
file formats, 375–376
input, 376–377
output, 377–379
and Photoshop, 375
purpose of, 375
recommended book on, 379
RGB spaces supported by, 250
White Balance controls, 377
workflow controls, 379
cameras. See also digital cameras
as artificial trichromats, 21
and color constancy, 47
color filter array, 157–158, 375–376
cathode-ray tube monitors. See CRT monitors
CCD arrays, 8
CCDs, 535
Champollion, Jean François, 79
characterization, 114
charge-coupled device arrays, 8
charge-coupled devices, 535
chemistry, color events and, 6
chroma, 535
chromatic components, 34–37, 535
chromaticAdaptationTag, 516
Chromix, 78. See also ColorThink/ColorThink Pro
CIE colorimetric system, 41–43, 45–46, 71
CIE LAB, 70–72. See also LAB model
and color-management workflows, 279
defined, 535
importance of, 70
official name for, 72
and opponency/trichromacy, 25
and perceived color, 84
primaries used by, 70
purpose of, 42
CIE L*a*b* (1976), 72
CIE LUV, 536
CIE L*u*v* (1976), 72
CIE models. See also specific models
caveats regarding, 45–49
official names for, 72
opponency/trichromacy in, 25
CIE Standard Illuminants, 11–12, 41
CIE uniform color spaces, 42
CIE xy diagram, 536
CIE xyY diagram, 41
CIE XYZ, 536
CIE XYZ (1931), 69, 72, 79, 84
CIE XYZ Primary System, 41
classes, profile, 100–102, 513, 515, 520–521
click-balancing, 536
CMM Type signature, 513
CMMs, 86–88
competition among, 87
defined, 536
specifying preferred, 513
storage location for, 311, 316
using multiple, 86
and white point adaptation, 87
CMSs, 79–98
assigning/embedding profiles with, 93–94
components of, 83–92
conveying color meaning to, 280
critical tasks performed by, 80
defined, 536
limitations of, 99
and one-way vs. two-way profiles, 100–101
and opponency, 25
performing conversions with, 94–97
role of PCS in, 82
and trichromacy, 25
CMYK dye-sub printers, 199–200
CMYK halftones, 55. See also halftones
CMYK inkjet printers, 196–198
device-specific nature of, 67
digital evolution of, 57–59
meaning of “K” in, 53
CMYK numbers
attaching color meaning to, 80, 84, 93–94
changing, for specific devices, 80
converting, with profiles, 94–97
CMYK printers, 57, 62, 64, 193–200
CMYK printing, 53
CMYK separations, 53, 179, 199
CMYK simulations, 500
and black preservation, 472, 498
in CorelDRAW, 393
and embedded profiles, 494
in FreeHand, 385
in PitStop Pro, 454
in CorelDRAW, 397
in FreeHand, 385
in PitStop Pro, 454
and PostScript RIPs, 185
color-banding, 256
color bars, 537
color blindness, 22
Color Checker, ProPhoto RGB, 250–251
color definitions, 63
color-difference calculations, 43
color events, 5–37
defined, 5
illustrated, 5
participants in, 5
role of light in, 6–12
role of object in, 12–15
role of observer in, 16–37
color filter array cameras, 157–158, 375–376
color filters, 152
color laser printers, 119, 194–196
color-managed applications. See also specific applications
benefits of, 306–307
differences among, 325
distinguishing from non-color-managed, 326
and ICC profiles, 324
and source profiles, 326
from specific companies
Adobe, 341
Corel, 393
Macromedia, 381
Quark, 405
color-managed workflows. See color-management workflows
color management
in applications, 306–307, 324–326
Acrobat, 438
CorelDRAW, 393–404
Distiller, 441
FreeHand, 381–392
Illustrator, 341–375
InDesign, 341–375
Photoshop, 341–375
QuarkXPress, 405–421
automating, 457–458, 493–494. See also automation
and color constancy, 47–48
and color gamut, 72–73, 74, 88
and colorimetry, 43–44
determining needs for, 490–494
disabling, 292
and dynamic range, 72–73
and fluorescence, 15
genesis of, 81–82
in-RIP, 473–474
key concepts regarding, 3–4, 50, 507–508
in operating system, 305–307. See also OS-level color management
and PDF workflows, 423–424
and PostScript, 425–427
in printer drivers, 327–337
and profile accuracy, 110, 113
profile-based, 85
in scanner drivers, 337–338
and screening algorithms, 57
and spectrophotometry, 45
stages of, 484–490
systems. See CMSs
ultimate goal of, 46
workflows. See color-management workflows
and WYSIWYG myth, 83
Color Management Modules. See CMMs
Color Management Policies settings, Adobe, 344–346, 431–433
color-management systems. See CMSs
color-management workflows, 271–304
basic steps in, 484–490
bringing color into, 296–297
as component of overall workflow, 296
conveying color meaning in, 280–285
defined, 272
determining needs for, 490–494
and display conversions, 274
early- vs. late-binding, 275–277, 280, 501
and hard proofing, 489
and non-color-managed environments, 296–303
questions to ask about, 502
and soft-proofing, 288–295, 489
timing of conversions in, 273–274, 275–280, 488
tools for, 494–501
variables that differentiate, 273–274
Color Manipulation Model, 86
and color gamut, 72–73
and dynamic range, 72–73
and lighting, 212
and metamerism, 28
Color Matching Method, 86
color meaning
assigning to CMYK/RGB numbers, 80, 84, 93–94
and color-management workflows, 273–274, 280
conveying, 280–285
defining, 484, 485–486, 503–504
color-mixing function, 73, 537
color models. See also specific color models
caveats regarding, 45–49
defined, 537
device-independent, 69–72
device-specific, 67–69
official names for, 72
color monitors, 54. See also monitors
color names, 48–49
color-negative scans, 147, 153
Color Reference System, Sony Artisan, 130
Color Rendering Dictionaries. See CRDs
Color Rendering Index, 539
color reproduction, 99
color samples, relationship between, 26
Color Savvy ColorMouseToo!, 169
color servers, 458–464
common features of, 458–459
examples of, 461–463
pros and cons of, 459–461
questions to ask about, 463–464
Color Settings dialog box
Illustrator, 342–356
InDesign, 342–356
Photoshop, 342–356
Color Solutions, 130
converting, 94–97
gray-balanced, 543
and trichromacy, 20–21
uniform, 42
vs. color gamut, 78
Color Space Arrays. See CSAs
color space profiles, 109
color space signatures, 513
and CIE Standard Illuminants, 11–12
and color constancy, 48
graph, 12
setting, for CRT monitors, 142–143
color vision
achromatic vs. chromatic components of, 32–37
and color constancy, 46
loss of, 22
and metamerism, 25–30
and non-linearity, 31–32
and opponency, 22–25
and saturation, 35–37
simulating, 21
and structure of human eye, 16–18
and trichromacy, 16–21
colorants
and device profiles, 100
tone-reproduction characteristics of, 100
ColorChecker, GretagMacbeth, 151–152, 223–224
colorimeters
and artificial trichromats, 21
defined, 538
limitations of, 43
and metamerism, 43
purpose of, 38
vs. spectrophotometers, 131, 165
colorimetric intent, 538
absolute vs. relative, 89, 91, 92, 291
and color constancy, 47–48
objective tests for, 210
and out-of-gamut colors, 89, 91
and soft-proofing, 291
colorimetric system, CIE, 41–43, 45–46
colorimetric values, 38
colorimetry, 40–44
as basis for quantification of colors, 50
and CIE colorimetric system, 41–43
and color management, 43–44
and colorimetric vs. perceptual renderings, 50
purpose of, 40
ColorLab, Logo, 225, 228–232, 261
ColorMouse Too!, Color Savvy, 169
color(s)
additive vs. subtractive, 19–20, 52
calculating differences between, 43
capturing with scanner/digital camera, 54–55
comparing, 186
complementary, 21
complexity of, 78
defining, 4–6, 484, 485–486, 503–504
displaying on monitors, 54
encoding, 59–62
how light affects, 5–6
matching. See color matching
metameric, 25. See also metamerism
normalizing, 484, 486–488, 504–505
plotting relationships between, 20–21
primary. See primary colors
process, 548
as property of light, 5
as property of objects, 4
psychological attributes of, 48–49
representing on computers, 51
reproducing, 99
spot, 486
ColorSpace Conversion profiles, 520
ColorSync, 307–322
control panel, 308–309
and CorelDRAW, 396
defined, 538
history of, 85
and Mac OS 9, 308–311
and Mac OS X Panther, 311–322
preferences, 316
ColorSync Consortium, 85
ColorSync Extension, 308
ColorSync Utility, 314, 316–322
ColorThink/ColorThink Pro, 78, 186, 236–237, 257, 261–262
Colortron, 169
ColorVision, 131, 138, 139, 141, 143
Commission Internationale de l’Eclairage, 11, 69. See also CIE
Common Unix Printing System, 325
Compass Pro XT, 419–421
composite CMYK printers, 193–200, 374, 385, 393, 416
composite printers
building profiles for, 193–200
and CorelDRAW, 397, 399, 402–404
and QuarkXPress, 409, 412, 414, 416
compression, tonal, 552
computer monitors. See monitors
Computer-To-Plate workflows, 205
computers, representing color on, 51
cones, in human eye, 17–18
continuous-tone color, 59–60
continuous-tone devices, 56, 57, 539
contone, 539
contrast
defined, 539
Conversion Options settings
Illustrator, 354–356
InDesign, 354–356
Photoshop, 354–356
conversions
CMYK-to-CMYK. See CMYK-to-CMYK conversions
CMYK-to-RGB. See CMYK-to-RGB conversions
and data loss, 97–98
early- vs. late-binding, 501
input-to-output, 81–82
PCS-to-destination, 519
profile, 288
and rendering intents, 519
RGB-to-CMYK. See RGB-to-CMYK conversions
role of destination profiles in, 85, 94–95, 96, 108
source-to-PCS, 519
timing of, 273–274, 275–280, 488
using profiles for, 94–97
Convert to Profile command
Photoshop, 358–359
copyrightTag, 516
CorelDRAW, 393–404
Apply ICC Profile dialog box, 401
Color Management preferences, 394–399
and ColorSync, 396
Composite Printer settings, 397
exporting from, 401–402
Import/Export settings, 397–398
importing files into, 399–400
Internal RGB settings, 395–396
manual controls, 400–401
Monitor settings, 396–397
printing in, 402–404
profile embedding in, 402, 404
Scanner/Digital Camera settings, 398
Separations printer settings, 393, 396–397, 398–399, 402
similarities to FreeHand, 393
strengths/weaknesses of, 393, 404
correlated color temperature, 13
crayola-jet printers, 198
crayon-spitters, 198
CRI, 539
CRT monitors. See also monitors
and ambient light, 212
and black level settings, 140
calibrating, 132, 133, 136. See also calibration
cleaning, 137
and color temperature settings, 142–143
controlling variability in, 119
controls for, 127–128
defined, 539
and gamma settings, 133
increasing apparent contrast of, 214
as light sources, 11
warm-up period for, 136
and white luminance settings, 138
and white point settings, 133
CTP workflows, 205
CUPS, 325
curing time, inkjet, 188–190, 539
cyan, 53. See also CMYK model
Cymbolics LightJet, 191
D
D values, 40
D50 light boxes, 214
D50 specification, 539
D65 specification, 539
Dalim, 455
data averaging, 178
data loss, conversions and, 97–98
measuring, 215
simulating, 11
wavelength composition of, 10–11
DDC2-compliant monitors, 130
delta-E values, 43, 186, 267, 533
densitometry, 38–40
density
of black, 65
as logarithmic function, 39–40
of pixels, 56
of primaries, 64
destination profiles
role of, in conversions, 85, 94–95, 96, 108
supplying CMS with, 95
device attributes, 514
device-dependent color models, 540
device-independent color models, 69–72, 278–279, 540
device profiles. See profiles
device signatures, 514
device-specific color models, 67–69
device-to-device transformations, 82
device-to-PCS transformations, 102
DeviceLink profiles, 464–467
and color-managed applications, 467
and ICC specification, 464, 520
making, 466–467
and prepress solutions, 473
purpose of, 464
reasons for using, 465–466
support for, 467
unidirectional nature of, 465
vs. device profiles, 464–465
calibrating, 114, 115, 119, 121–122, 126–146. See also calibration
evaluating, 120
monitoring, 122
profiling. See profiling
simulating, 122
sources of variability in, 115–119
diffusers, perfect, 39
diffusion dither, CMYK, 55
digital camera profiles. See also input profiles
building, 157–161
Camera Raw’s built-in, 161, 376–377
difficulties associated with, 147–148, 244
editing, 246–249
digital camera targets, 151–152, 158–159
capturing color with, 54–55, 157
and color constancy, 47
and color filters, 152
and color gamut, 73
and color mixing, 73
controlling responses of, 157–158
and dynamic range, 73, 74, 157
gray-balancing in, 157
and light sources, 8, 152, 157
and metamerism, 157
profiling. See digital camera profiles
variables affecting performance of, 63, 152
white-balancing in, 157–158
Digital ICE, 153
digital presses, 194
digital proofers, 202
Digital ROC, 153
Digital Swatchbook, 169
directional metamerism, 193
display calibration, 126–128, 144. See also calibration
display conversions, 274
display engines, 317
defined, 540
evaluating, 222–224
and ICC specification, 518
matrix- vs. table-based, 103, 125–146
purpose of, 100
role of calibration in, 126–128, 144
saving, 144–146
tools for creating, 128–132
two-way nature of, 101–102
vs. other types, 126
displays. See monitors
Distiller, 424, 427, 430–437, 441–443
dither, CMYK diffusion, 55
documents
assigning profiles in, 285–286, 289
color management between, 287–288
moving objects between, 287
opening tagged, 286–287
opening untagged, 285–286
dot gain
curves, 66
defined, 541
driver-level color management, 327–338
drivers
CUPS, 325
scanner, 337–338
DTP-41 strip reader, 171
Durst Lambda, 191
dye, 541
dye-sub printers, 192–193
dye sublimation, 57
dynamic range
and black point, 65
defined, 541
and densitometers, 40
device limitations on, 72–73, 74
and device profiles, 100
measuring, 40
and monitor calibration, 138
vs. bit depth, 63
E
early-binding workflows
and CMYK vs. RGB workflows, 277
defined, 541
and output conversions, 501
pros and cons of, 275–276
vs. intermediate-space workflows, 280
vs. late-binding workflows, 275
ECI 2002 target, 175, 176, 203
editing profiles
for input devices, 242–249
for output devices, 182, 264–266
editing space, 541
EFIColor profiles, 406
Einstein. Albert, 6
electric discharge lamps, 11
electromagnetic spectrum, 8
electron guns, 127
Electronics for Imaging, 171
electrophotostatic devices, 194, 541
Embedded Profile Mismatch warnings, 350–352
embedded-profile workflows, 280–283, 284
in color-management targets, 155
and color-management workflows, 93–94
and conveying color meaning, 280–285
defined, 541
device considerations, 491
fear of, 301
file-format considerations, 491
and workflow between programs, 295
emissive, 541
encoding, 542
encoding colors, 59–62
Enfocus PitStop Pro, 453–454
engine
display/print, 317
EPS Export dialog box, CorelDRAW, 401
European Color Initiative, 175, 176, 203
checking monitor/display, 217–224
importance of monitor/display, 216–217
for input devices, 225–241
for output devices, 255–264
purpose of, 209–210
viewing environment for, 210–216
events, color. See color events
Excel spreadsheets, 173–174, 178, 225
Export PDF dialog box, InDesign, 451
Export settings, CorelDRAW, 397–398
exporting
from CorelDRAW, 401–402
from InDesign, 448–453
PDFs, 448–453
color sensors in, 16
how light is focused by, 16
illustrated, 17
non-linearity of responses in, 31–32, 41
part of spectrum visible to, 7–8
EyeOne Display, 131
EyeOne Pro, 169
EyeOne targets, 191–192
F
fabrics, brightening, 15
Fiery RIPs, Electronics for Imaging, 171
filters
color, 152
digital camera, 152
infrared, 8
polarizing, 168
Quartz, 320–322
spectrophotometer, 167
flags, profile, 514
fluorescence, 8–9, 15, 50, 542
fluorescent brighteners, 15, 167
fluorescent inks, 15
Focoltone, 419, 460, 469, 486, 498–499
footcandles, 213
foveal vision, 542
foveola, 17
FreeHand, 381–392
assigning profiles to imported images in, 387–388
Color Management Setup dialog box, 385
color preferences, 382–387
exporting files from, 388–390, 392
manual controls, 387–388
Missing Image Sources warning, 387
Object palette, 387–388
Preferences dialog box, 382, 383
printing from, 390–392
quirkiness of color management in, 381
Separations printer settings, 384–385, 389, 390–391
Fuji
color-negative scanning targets, 147
Pictrography, 191
Velvia, 150
G
gain controls, CRT, 142–143
gamma
defined, 542
monitor settings, 133, 135, 220–222
rays, 7
scanner settings, 154
gamut, 72–78
clipping, 89
and colorants/primaries, 64
and device limitations, 72–3
and device profiles, 100
plots, 75–77
gamutTag, 519
GEM technology, 153
geometry, measurement, 165–166, 546
geometry settings, monitor, 137
glossary, 533–554
glossy media settings, 118
Granger, Dr. Ed, 238
Granger Rainbow, 238–239, 241, 256
graphic arts applications, 306
graphics, color-managing, 360–364
in Illustrator, 362–364
in InDesign, 360–362
in Photoshop, 360
Graphics Device Interface, 543
gray-balanced color space, 543
Gray Component Replacement. See GCR
GretagMacbeth
ColorChecker, 151–152, 223–224
EyeOne Display, 138
EyeOne Pro, 169
EyeOne targets, 191–192
ICColor strip reader, 171
iQueue, 461–463
MeasureTool, 169, 178, 186, 189, 261
ProfileMaker, 167
ProfileMaker Pro, 156, 159–160, 169, 175
Spectrolino, 169
Spectroscan, 170
target reference files, 174
H
handheld spectrophotometers, 168–169, 171
hard-copy references, 300
hard proofing
and color-management workflows, 489, 500–501
and prepress solutions, 469
headers, ICC profile, 512–515
heat, 13
Heidelberg PrintOpen, 179–181
Helios ImageServer, 470–471
Hering, Ewald, 23
Hering theory, 23
hieroglyphics, 79
high-bit devices, 63, 154–155, 543
HLS color model, 543
hockey pucks, 132
HSB color model, 543
HSV color model, 543
hubris, 544
hue
as chromatic component of color vision, 34
representations of, 36–37
human eye. See eye
Hunt effect, 212
Hutcheson, Don, 106, 150, 154, 238
Huygens, Christian, 6
hybrid profiles, 517
hybrid scripting, 480
hybrid workflows, 284–285
I
and CMSs, 83
defined, 544
goals of, 85
meaning of acronym, 85
profiles. See ICC profiles
Web site, 511
ICC-based color management systems, 83
ICC Profile Format Specification, 85
ICC profiles. See also profiles
and black point compensation, 355
and color-managed applications, 324
and CorelDRAW, 401
headers for, 512–515
illustrated, 512
and PDFs, 426
and QuarkXPress, 407
structure of, 512–515
technical information about, 511–521
verifying integrity of, 318
viewing currently installed, 318
ICC specification, 511–521
and Abstract profiles, 520
and ColorSpace Conversion profiles, 520
and DeviceLink profiles, 520
and display profiles, 518
and input profiles, 517
ISO version, 511
and Named Color profiles, 521
and output profiles, 518–519
profile structure, 512–515
purpose of, 511
required tags, 516
ICColor strip reader, 171
ICM, 306, 307–308, 322–324, 544
illuminance, 213
illuminants
and CIE colorimetric system, 41
CIE standards for, 11–12
discounting, 46
most important, for graphic arts, 41
Illumination, International Commission on, 11, 69. See also CIE
Assign Profiles command, 357–358
Color Management Policies settings, 344–346
color-managing imported graphics in, 362–364
Color Settings dialog box, 342–356
Conversion Options settings, 354–356
converting placed graphics in, 363
cross-rendering in, 293
Document Info Palette bug, 358
integration with other Adobe applications, 341
Missing Profile warning, 346, 349
performing color-mode conversions in, 359
placed graphics in, 362–364
printing controls, 370–373
Profile Mismatch warnings, 352–354
Proof Setup feature, 365–366
Image Color Management. See ICM
images. See also graphics
assigning profiles to imported, 387–388
demosaicing, 376
saving, in LAB model, 70
unprofiled legacy, 485
Import dialog box, CorelDRAW, 399
Import settings, CorelDRAW, 397–398
in-RIP color management, 473–474
Assign Profile command, 357–358
Color Management Policies settings, 344–346
color-managing imported graphics in, 360–362
Color Settings dialog box, 342–356
Conversion Options settings, 354–356
Convert to Profile command, 358, 359
cross-rendering in, 293–294
Export PDF dialog box, 451
exporting PDFs from, 448–453
Image Color Settings command, 362
Image Import Options dialog box, 361
integration with other Adobe applications, 341
Missing Profile warning, 346, 348–349
PDF Export Presets dialog box, 450
placing graphics in, 360–362
printing controls, 370–375
Profile Mismatch warnings, 350–351, 352–354
Proof Setup feature, 366–367
soft-proofing in, 369–370
infrared filters, 8
defined, 552
for printers, 195–196, 198, 199, 200
for printing presses, 204–205
inkjet printers
color settings for, 188
controlling variability in, 119
curing time required for, 188–190
media settings for, 185–187
profiling
CMYK inkjets, 196–198
RGB inkjets, 184–191
resolution settings for, 188
input devices. See also digital cameras; scanners
and color gamut, 73
profiling. See input profiles
sources of variability in, 63
variables affecting performance of, 152
input profiles, 147–161
building
for digital cameras, 157–161
for scanners, 153–156
defined, 544
and device variables, 152
difficulties encountered with, 147–148
editing, 242–249
evaluating, 225–241
hybrid, 517
and ICC specification, 517
matrix- vs. table-based, 103, 517
naming, 156
one-way nature of, 100–101
saving, 156
targets for, 148–152
vs. source profiles, 100
input-to-output conversions, 81–82
Integrated Color Solutions, 130, 174, 190, 191
intermediate-space workflows, 280
International Color Consortium. See ICC
International Commission on Illumination, 11, 69. See also CIE
International Standards Organization, 212. See also ISO
Internet
color workflow, 303
managing color on, 302–303
and monitor calibration, 303
Internet Explorer, 302
interpolation, 87, 107, 376, 379, 544
iQueue, 461–463
IR filters, 8
iris, 17
IT8 standard, 149–150, 175–176, 544
J
JavaScript, 475, 476, 477–478, 481
JPEG
and embedded profiles, 282, 491
exporting, 326
and gray-/white-balancing, 158, 244
and non-color-managed applications, 326
previewing, 323
K
K
as abbreviation for kelvin, 13, 544
in CMYK model, 53
Kelly-Moore Paint Co., 211
Kodak
DCS Acquire plug-in, 502–503
film, 150
scanner targets, 149–150
and “secret sauce” in profiles, 88
Kodak Digital Science, 382, 384, 388
Korzybski, Alfred, 113
L
LAB-based workflows, 497
LAB model. See also CIE LAB
importance of, 70
limitations of, 71
and opponency/trichromacy, 25
purpose of, 42
as replacement for LUV, 42
saving images in, 70
as universal translation language, 70, 79
LaCie Electron/BlueEye, 130, 138
laminated proofs, 216
laser printers, 56, 119, 194–196
late-binding workflows
and CMYK/RGB workflows, 276
defined, 545
and output conversions, 501
and prepress solutions, 469
pros and cons of, 276
vs. early-binding workflows, 275
vs. intermediate-space workflows, 280
LCD monitors. See also monitors
and ambient light, 212
and black level settings, 140
calibrating, 132, 133, 136. See also calibration
cleaning, 137
and color temperature settings, 142
controls for, 128
default brightness of, 138
defined, 545
warm-up period for, 136
and white luminance settings, 138
and white point settings, 133
legacy images, unprofiled, 485
lens, in human eye, 17
libraries, named-color, 498–499
light
absorption vs. reflection of, 13–14
characteristics of, 6–9
color as property of, 5
how objects interact with, 6, 12–15
intensity of, 31
and physics of color, 5
sources of, 10–11. See also light sources
ways of modeling, 6
light boxes, 214
light checkers, 215
achromatic vs. chromatic attributes of, 32–37
and color temperature, 13
defined, 10
and input devices, 152
tailoring profiles to, 214
types of, 10–11
lightbulbs, 13
lighting
importance of, 50
ISO standards for, 212
LightJet, Cymbolics, 191
linear relationships, 545
linearization, 121, 178–179, 193, 205, 545
Lines Per Inch, 545
Link-o-lator, 466
logarithmic, 545
Logo ColorLab, 225, 228–232, 261
longwave-radio waves, 7
lookup tables, 66, 103, 127, 545
lpi, 545
lumens, 213
luminance, 138–139, 168, 213, 545
luminous flux, 213
luminous power, 213
LUV color space, 42
M
Mac OS 9, 308–311
AppleScripts folder, 476
CMM location, 311
ColorSync control panel, 308–310
display/print engine, 317
generic profiles provided with, 315
Monitors control panel, 310–311
PostScript driver, 334–335
printer drivers, 329–330
profile locations, 311
raster drivers, 329–330
source profile assumptions, 328
Mac OS X, 311–322
AppleScript Studio, 478
display/print engine, 317
Displays panel, 314
generic profiles provided with, 315, 328–329
as multiuser operating system, 315
PostScript driver, 335–337
Print dialogs, 330–331
profile locations, 315–316
Scripts folder, 476
source profile assumptions, 328–329
Macbeth ColorChecker, 151, 223–224
Macintosh. See also Mac OS
color-managed browsers, 302
color-management scripts, 476
gamma settings, 302–303
monitor settings, 310–311
OS-level color management on, 306, 308–322, 312
profile locations on, 311, 315–316
saving profiles on, 145–146
magenta, 53. See also CMYK model
Margulis, Dan, 49
mathematical color models, 52, 69
matrix, 546
matrix-based profiles, 102, 103, 517
MatrixColumnTag, 517
matte media settings, 118
measurement, in calibration/profiling, 119–122, 165–171
measurement files, managing, 173–174, 178, 186, 225
measurement geometry, 165–166, 546
MeasureTool, 169, 178, 186, 189, 261
measuring
color constancy, 47
colorimetric values, 38
density, 38
spectral properties, 38
spectral reflectance, 44
tone reproduction, 66–67
measuring instruments, 165–171
mediaWhitePointTag, 516
metameric colors, 26
metamerism, 25–30
benefits of, 28–29
camera, 29–30, 157, 161, 244, 535
and color management, 50
and colorimeters, 43
directional, 193
examples of, 28
observer, 547
printer, 193
testing, 262
why it occurs, 26–27
Microsoft
Internet Explorer, 302
Windows. See Windows systems
microwaves, 7
Mismatch warnings. See Profile Mismatch warnings
mismatched color, 72–78
Missing Image Sources warning, FreeHand, 387
Missing Profile warnings
Mitsubishi SpectraVue, 130
mnemonics
for bands in spectrum, 8
for complementary colors, 21
Monaco Systems, 131
MonacoOPTIX, 131, 139, 141, 143
monitor calibrators, 104, 130, 132. See also calibration
monitor compensation, 274
monitor phosphors, 54
monitor profiles, 546. See also display profiles
monitor simulation, 290
Monitor Spyder, 131
monitor-to-print comparisons, 215–216
ambient light levels for, 212–215
and black level settings, 140–141
calibrating, 48, 65, 126–146, 217–222, 303. See also calibration
cleaning, 137
and color gamut, 72, 74, 76, 88
and color temperature settings, 142–143
controlling variability in, 119
DDC2-compliant, 130
displaying color on, 54
dynamic range of, 72–73
extending life of, 137
factors affecting color on, 64
and gamma settings, 133, 135, 220–222
as light sources, 11
measuring behavior of, 63
profiling. See display profiles
and white luminance settings, 138–139
and white point settings, 133–135
Monitors control panel, Mac OS 9, 310–311
monochromatic light, 9, 32, 547
multichannel printers, 207
mystery meat, 297–300
N
Named Color profiles, 521
named-color systems, 498–499. See also Focoltone; Pantone
names, color, 48–49
NCPs, 521
neutrals, 48
nit, 213
nm, 7
non-color-managed applications, 306–307, 326
non-color-managed environments, 300–303
non-linear relationships, 547
normalizing color, 484, 486–488, 504–505
null transform, 547
number systems (for representing color), 51–78
ambiguities in, 52
analog origins of, 53–56
device-independent models, 69–72
device limitations affecting, 72–78
device-specific models, 67–69
digital evolution of, 57–59
how they work, 59–62
number of colors vs. color definitions, 63
why numbers vary, 63–67
O
objects
color as property of, 4
reflective, 14
role of, in color events, 12–15
transmissive, 14
observer, in color events, 5, 16–37
observer metamerism, 547
O.D. values, 40
OmniWeb, 302
one-input-one-output workflows, 81
one-way profiles, 100–101
OneVision, 455
opponent-color theory, 23–24
optic nerve, 17
optical density, 40
optimization, device, 121, 154
OS-level color management, 305–324
pros and cons of, 305
on Windows systems, 306, 322–324
OS X. See Mac OS X
out-of-gamut colors, 74, 83, 88–92
output devices. See also specific devices
converting colors for, 81–82, 488–489
measuring behavior of, 63
profiling. See output profiles
sources of variability in, 116
building
for composite CMYK printers, 193–200
for multichannel printers, 207
for printing presses, 200–207
for RGB inkjet printers, 184–191
for three-color dye-sub printers, 192–193
for true RGB printers, 191–192
and CMSs, 163–164
collecting data for, 165–171, 182
cost considerations, 171–172
and data averaging, 178
defined, 547
downloading targets for, 173
evaluating, 255–264
and ICC specification, 518–519
importance of accuracy in, 164, 182
and linearization, 178–179
and measuring instruments, 165–171, 172, 182
opening/printing targets for, 182–184
packages for creating, 171–182
and parameter controls, 179–182
table-based nature of, 103, 173
targets used for, 175–177
two-way nature of, 102
vs. destination profiles, 100
OutputIntent, PDF/X, 428
P
page-layout applications, 290, 421
PageMaker, 290
paint recommendations, 211
Panther, 306, 311–322, 336–337, 381. See also Mac OS X
Pantone, 419, 460, 469, 486, 498–499
parameter controls, profiling tool, 179–182
particle, modeling light as, 6
Paste Profile Mismatch warnings, Adobe, 352–354
as component of color-management systems, 83
defined, 547
as hub for device-to-device transformations, 82, 84
meaning of acronym, 82
signature, 513
PCS-to-destination conversions, 519
PCS-to-device transforms, 102
PDF Export Presets dialog box, InDesign, 450
PDF Handshake, 470–471
PDF Inspektor, 455
PDF workflows, 423–424, 427, 455
and Acrobat Preflight tool, 445–447
creating, with Distiller, 441–443
exporting, from InDesign, 448–452
and ISO, 427
as standard for PDF-based print workflows, 427
verification of, 441–443
versions, 427–430
PDF/X Checkup, 455
PDF/X Inspektor, 455
PDFs, 423–437
and color management, 423–424, 430
considerations for making, 434–437
converting PostScript files to, 430
and embedded profiles, 425, 491
exporting, from InDesign, 448–453
flavors of, 424–430
and FreeHand, 389–390
and ICC profiles, 426
meaning of acronym, 423–424
PDF/X as standard for, 427
and print workflows, 423–424, 427, 455
third-party tools for working with, 428, 453–455
perceptual intent, 547
perceptual rendering, 47–48, 50, 88–89, 90, 92
perceptually uniform, 547
perfect diffusers, 39
photometry, 213
photons
absorption of, 15
blending of, 9
counting, 213
energy level of, 6
and fluorescence, 8–9
high-energy, 8–9
and light sources, 10
photoreceptors, 16–17, 18, 21, 548
assigning profiles in, 357
Camera Raw plug-in, 375. See also Camera Raw
choosing rendering intents in, 293
Color Management Policies settings, 344–346
color-managing imported graphics in, 360
Color Settings dialog box, 342–356
Conversion Options settings, 354–356
Convert to Profile command, 358–359
cross-rendering in, 293–294
and embedded-profile workflows, 284–285
integration with other Adobe applications, 341
JavaScript support, 475
Missing Profile warning, 286, 346–347
opening target scans in, 155
printing controls, 370–373
printing profiling targets from, 183
Profile Mismatch warnings, 287, 288, 350, 352–354
Proof Setup feature, 217, 367–369, 505
soft-proofing in, 369–370
physics, color events and, 5, 6–7
Pictrography, Fuji, 191
pigment, 548
PitStop Pro, 453–454
Pittsburgh Paint, 211
pixels
capturing, 502–503
defining color for, 503–504
density of, 56
normalizing color for, 504
placed graphics
in Illustrator, 362–364
in InDesign, 360–362
in Photoshop, 360
Planck, Max, 6
platesetters, 205
plots, gamut, 75–77
plotters, XY, 170–171
polarization, 548
polarizing filters, 168
Polaroid Sprintscan, 153
Portable Document Format, 423–424. See also PDF/X; PDFs
posterization, 60, 217, 221, 256, 548
PostScript
color-management philosophy, 425–427
converting to PDF, 430
and in-RIP color management, 473–474
premature binding, 281
prepress solutions, 468–473
common characteristics of, 468
downsides of, 470
examples of, 470–472
questions to ask about, 472–473
when to use, 468–469
presses. See printing presses
PressReady, 473
Preview, Apple, 323
primaries, 548. See also primary colors
density of, 64
and trichromacy, 19
primary platform signature, 514
Print dialog box
Acrobat, 449
CorelDRAW, 402–403
FreeHand, 391
Illustrator, 372
InDesign, 373–375
Photoshop, 372
QuarkXPress, 416–418
print engines, 317
printer CMYK, 55–56
printer targets, 224
printers. See also specific types
black-generation settings for, 197
calibrating, 194–195
controlling variability in, 119
improving color/black point on, 65
profiling, 105, 184–200. See also output profiles
recommended ink limits for, 195–196, 198, 199, 200
printing
in Acrobat, 439–440
in CorelDRAW, 402–404
disabling color management prior to, 292
in FreeHand, 390–392
in Illustrator, 370–373
in InDesign, 370–375
in Photoshop, 370–373
in QuarkXPress, 416–418
approaches to running, 201
and black-generation strategies, 205–207
choosing profiling targets for, 202–204
and contract proofers, 202
controlling variability in, 119
ink limits for, 204–205
profiling, 201–207
PrintOpen, Heidelberg, 179–181
process color, 548
profile classes, 100–102, 513, 515, 520–521
Profile Connection Space. See PCS
Profile Creator signature, 514
Profile First Aid utility, 316, 318
profile flags, 514
profile headers, 512–515
profile ID, 514
profile mismatch, 549
Illustrator, 352–354
Photoshop, 287, 288, 350, 352–354
profile versions, 513
profiled captures, 485
profileDescriptionTag, 516
ProfileMaker, 167
ProfileMaker Pro, 156, 159–160, 169, 175
profiles, 99–109. See also ICC profiles
accessing remotely, 480–481
assigning. See assigning profiles
building specific types
display profiles, 125–146
input profiles, 147–161
output profiles, 163–208
classes of, 100–102, 513, 515, 520–521
converting, 288
converting colors with, 85, 94–97
editing, 210, 242–249, 264–268
embedding. See embedding profiles
evaluating. See evaluating profiles
importance of, 113
information contained in, 100
limitations of, 107
matrix- vs. table-based, 102, 103
naming, 156
one-way vs. two-way, 100–101
purpose of, 82, 83, 84–85, 100
role of measurement in, 119–120, 165–171
source vs. destination, 85, 108
storage locations for, 311, 324
testing. See evaluating profiles
types of, 100–102
visualizing process of making, 104–106
ProfileSequenceDescTag, 520
profiling. See also profiles
cost considerations, 171–172
iterative nature of, 268
packages/tools, 128–132, 156, 159–161, 171–182, 190–191
role of measurement in, 119–122, 165–171
vs. calibration, 84, 115, 125–126, 129
Proof Setup feature
Acrobat, 445
Illustrator, 365–366
InDesign, 366–367
proofers, digital, 202
proofing
in color-management workflows, 484, 489, 500–501
defined, 484
in InDesign, 369–370
in Photoshop, 369–370
remote, 471
ProPhoto RGB Color Checker, 250–251
psychological color attributes, 48–49
Q
quantum physics, 6
QuarkXPress, 405–421
built-in color management, 407–410
Color Management preferences, 411–414
and Compass Pro XT, 419–421
EFIColor profiles, 406
Get Picture dialog box, 415
hard proofing in, 409, 418, 419
and ICC profiles, 407
limitations of color management in, 405, 421
manual controls, 415–416
printing in, 416–418
Profile Information palette, 416
simulation controls, 290
soft-proofing in, 409
turning off color management in, 406–407
Quartz filters, 320–322
R
R ratio, 39
radar, 7
radiation, 13
radio waves, 7
Rampage Systems, 468
raster drivers, 313, 327, 329–333
Raster Image Processor. See RIP
Real World Camera Raw with Adobe Photoshop CS, 379
reference light source, 213
reflection, 13–14
refresh rate, monitor, 137
relative colorimetric rendering, 89, 91, 92, 291
remote profile access, 480–481
rendering
colorimetric. See colorimetric rendering
dictionaries. See CRDs
perceptual, 47–48, 50, 88–89, 90, 92
rendering intents, 88–92
and color-space conversions, 96, 519
defined, 549
descriptions of, 88–89
and ICC specification, 514, 515
illustrated, 90–92
and out-of-gamut colors, 88
purpose of, 83
reproducible colors, 62
required tags, in ICC profiles, 516
resolution
monitor, 137
printer, 188
scanner, 154–155
RGB inkjet printers, 184–191
RGB model
device-specific nature of, 67
digital evolution of, 57–59
RGB numbers
attaching color meaning to, 80, 84, 93–94
changing, for specific devices, 80
converting, with profiles, 94–97
RGB printers, 184–192
automatic, 472–473
and embedded profiles, 302
in PitStop Pro, 454
and press profiles, 203
in QuarkXPress, 409, 410, 413, 421
rods, in human eye, 17
Rosetta stone, 79
rounding errors, conversion, 97–98
Rumney, Ralph, 113
S
saturation
as chromatic component of color vision, 34
representations of, 36–37
saturation intent, 550
scanner autoexposure feature, 116, 117, 153
scanner drivers, 337–338
scanner metamerism, 29–30, 73, 550
scanner profiles. See also input profiles
building, 153–156
editing, 244–245
stimulus/response for, 106, 153–154
vs. digital camera profiles, 148, 244
scanner RGB, 54–55
as artificial trichromats, 21
automatic features for, 116, 117, 153
capturing color with, 54–55
changing density of white/black points on, 66
and color encoding, 63
and color gamut, 73
and color mixing, 73
default tone curves on, 154
factors affecting color on, 64
gamma settings for, 154
optimizing, 154
profiling. See scanner profiles
variables affecting performance of, 63, 116, 117, 152
“Scanning Guide,” Don Hutcheson’s, 154
scans, color-negative, 147, 153
screen, cleaning monitor, 137
screen angle, 550
screening
algorithms, 57
defined, 550
scripting, 474–481
defined, 475
examples, 476–481
hybrid, 480
learning, 476
pros and cons of, 475–476
separation parameters, 179–182
separations
adjusting press for questionable, 201
and black generation, 197, 199
compensating for dot gain in, 205
and contract proofers, 202
creating, 204
GCR, 197
multichannel, 207
simulating, 386
UCR, 197
Separations printer
CorelDRAW settings for, 393, 396–397, 398–399, 402
FreeHand settings for, 384–385, 389, 390–391
server-based automation products, 458–464
Sherwin-Williams paint, 211
signatures
color space, 513
device manufacturer/model, 514
platform, 514
preferred CMM, 513
profile connection space, 513
profile creator, 514
simulations
CMYK, 500
device, 122
monitor, 290
in PageMaker, 290
in QuarkXPress, 290
simultaneous contrast, 22, 46, 550
skin tones, 49
soft-proofing
in color-management workflows, 288–295, 489
in InDesign, 369–370
in Photoshop, 369–370
in QuarkXPress, 409
solid ink printers, 198–199
Solux lamps, 215
Sony Artisan Color Reference System, 130, 138
source profiles
assuming, 328–329
and color-managed applications, 326
deducing, 296
role of, in color conversions, 85, 96, 108
from unknown sources, 297
vs. input profiles, 100
source-to-PCS conversions, 519
space, 551. See also color space
Specifications for Web Offset Publications, 109. See also SWOP
spectral data, 551
spectral power distribution, 551
spectral properties, 38
spectral reflectance, 14, 44. See also reflectance
SpectraVue, Mitsubishi, 130
Spectrocam, 169
Spectrofiler, 170
spectrophotometers
aperture size for, 166–167
automated, 170–171
comparing colors with, 186
defined, 551
and delta-e values, 186
measurement geometry for, 165–166
UV filters for, 167
vs. colorimeters, 131
and white point adaptation, 167
spectrophotometry, 44–45
Spectroscan, 170
Spectrostar, 169
and additive vs. subtractive primaries, 21
how colors are listed in, 21
mnemonic for labeling bands in, 8
spreadsheets, managing measurement files with, 173–174, 178, 186, 225
Sprintscan, 153
sRGB, 551
Standard Illuminants, CIE, 11–12, 41, 551
Standard Observer tristimulus response, 41, 551
steradian, 213
Stevens effect, 212
stochastic screening, 55, 57, 551
subtractive primaries, 20, 21, 52, 64, 552
successive contrast, 23, 46, 552
sunlight, 13. See also daylight
surfaces, paint recommendations for, 211
SWiNG, 455
converting objects in PDF to, 321
and Creo Prinergy, 471
and Distiller, 442
and generic profiles, 109, 315, 486
meaning of acronym, 109
simulations, 410
and soft-proofing, 486
and unknown outputs, 493
synthetic targets, 238–241
T
T ratio, 39
table-based profiles, 102, 103, 517
tagged documents, 282, 286–287
tags, ICC-required, 516
target description files, 148, 552
target reference files, 174
targets
custom, 175
digital camera, 151–152, 158–159
downloading, 173
editing, 243
formatting, 173–174
input profile, 148–152
opening, 183–184
output profile, 175–177
printer, 224
RGB process control, 187
scanner, 149–150, 154–155, 224
synthetic, 238–241
temperature, color. See color temperature
testing profiles. See evaluating profiles
theories
Hering, 23
opponent-color, 23–24
three-component, 18
Young-Helmoltz, 18
zone, 24
thermal energy, 13
three-color dye-sub printers, 192–193
three-component theory of color vision, 18
TIFF files, 154–155, 225, 389, 491
tone curves, scanner, 154
tone levels, 59
tone reproduction, 63, 66–67, 100
tone reproduction curves, 66–67, 517, 552
total ink limit, 552. See also ink limits
TRCTag, 517
trichromacy, 16–21
and additive vs. subtractive primaries, 19–20
artificial, 21
in CIE models, 25
and color space, 20–21
effects unexplained by, 22–23
how it works, 16–18
and metamerism, 25
reconciling opponency and, 24
training yourself to recognize, 50
vs. tristimulus, 18–19
trichromats, artificial, 21
tristimulus response, Standard Observer, 41, 551
TWiST, 455
two-way profiles, 100–101
U
UltraLinks, 467
ultraviolet light, 7, 8–9, 15, 553
Under Color Removal. See UCR
unprofiled captures, 485
unprofiled legacy images, 485
untagged documents, 285–286, 312
Upton, Steve, 78
V
variables
in color-management workflows, 273–274
controlling, 115–119
in inkjet printers, 119
in printing presses, 119
in scanners, 63, 116, 117, 152
vector art, 485–486
Vector Pro, 419
Velvia, Fuji, 150
violet wavelengths, 15. See also ultraviolet light
visible spectrum, 7, 553. See also spectrum
vision. See also eye
color. See color vision
and color constancy, 46
foveal, 542
visual calibrators, 129, 145, 553
W
warnings
color not normalized, 497
missing image sources, 387
profile mismatch, 287, 288, 350–354
wavelengths
absorption vs. reflection of, 13–14
and additive primaries, 19–20
blending of, 9
defined, 553
for different light sources, 10
low- vs. high-energy, 7
of photons, 6
short vs. long, 7
and subtractive primaries, 20
waves, modeling light as, 6
Web Offset Publications, Specifications for, 109. See also SWOP
white, color of, 13
White Balance controls, Camera Raw, 377
white-balance settings, digital camera, 157–158, 244
white light, 13
white point, 63, 65–66, 133–135, 554
white point adaptation, 65, 87, 167, 554
display/print engine, 317
gamma settings for, 302–303
OS-level color management on, 306, 322–324
printer drivers, 331–333
profile locations, 324
saving profiles on, 146
setting active display profile for, 322–324
source profile assumptions, 328
workflows
color-management. See color-management workflows
Computer-To-Plate (CTP), 205
defined, 272
early-binding, 275–276, 277, 280, 501
embedded-profile, 280–283, 284, 295
hybrid, 284–285
intermediate-space, 280
late-binding, 275, 276–277, 280, 469, 501
non-color-managed, 300
one-input-one-output, 81
working space, 554
WYSIWYG myth, 83
X
x-rays, 7
X-Rite
Autoscan Spectrophotometer, 171
Digital Swatchbook, 169
DTP-41, 167
DTP 94, 131
Spectrofiler, 170
XPress. See QuarkXPress
xy chromaticity chart, 42, 554
XYZ. See CIE XYZ
Y
yellow light, 22. See also CMYK model
Young, Thomas, 22
Young-Helmoltz theory of color vision, 18
Z
zone theory of color, 24