Table of Contents
Chapter 1. Background of Bioenergy Utilization Development in Japan
1.1 Environmental Change with Human Activities
1.2 Japanese Biomass Utilization Policy
Chapter 2. Biomass as Local Resource
2.1 Definition and Category of Biomass
2.2 Potential Amount of Biomass and Use of Bioenergy
Chapter 3. Ecosystems and Biomass Systems
3.1 Natural Ecosystems and Satoyama Utilization
3.2 Biomass Production in Cultivated Fields and Conservation of Ecosystems
3.3 Biomass Production and Biodiversity in Paddy Field Ecosystems
Chapter 4. Production Technology for Bioenergy Crops and Trees
4.1 Photosynthesis and Biomass Production in Energy Crops
4.2 Agronomy and Breeding Technology for Bioenergy Crops
4.3 Plant Molecular Breeding to Energy Crops as Genetic Improvements of Biomass Saccharification
4.4 Improvement of Woody Biomass
Chapter 5. Soil Fertility and Soil Microorganisms
5.2 Soil Management and Soil Organic Matter
5.4 Microbially Mediated Soil Fertility
Chapter 6. Machinery and Information Technology for Biomass Production
6.1 Machinery for Production of Energy Crop
6.2 Information Systems in Crop Production
6.3 Harvesting the Forest Biomass
6.4 Information System for Forestry Production
Chapter 7. Pretreatment and Saccharification of Lignocellulosic Biomass
7.1 Composition and Structure of Lignocellulosic Biomass
7.2 Pretreatment of Lignocellulosic Biomass
7.3 Pretreatment and Saccharification of Lignocellulosic Biomass using Solid Acid Catalysts
Chapter 8. Energy-Saving Biomass Processing with Polar Ionic Liquids
8.1 Cellulose Dissolution and Ionic Liquids
8.2 Required Factors of Ionic Liquids for Cellulose Dissolution
8.3 Design of a New Class of Polar Ionic Liquids
8.4 Polar Ionic Liquids for Biomass Processing without Heating
8.5 Conclusion and Future Aspects
Chapter 9. Enzymes for Cellulosic Biomass Conversion
9.1 General Information on Cellulases
9.2 Structure and Function of Cellulases
9.3 Other Biomass-Degrading Enzymes
Chapter 10. Ethanol Production from Biomass
10.2 Ethanol-Producing Microorganisms
10.3 Methods of Ethanol Fermentation
Chapter 11. Co-Generation by Ethanol Fuel
11.1 Fuel Cell: Innovative Technology for Generating Power and Heat
11.2 Hydrogen Production Through Ethanol Steam Reforming
Chapter 12. Thermochemical Transformation of Biomass
12.1 Need for Biomass Utilization Technology in Japan
12.2 Solidification of Biomass Fuel
12.4 Gasification with Methanol Synthesis
12.5 Energy Production from Livestock Wastes
Chapter 13. Biomass Production and Nutrient Cycling
13.1 Crop Production and Cycling of Nutrients
13.3 Methane Fermentation and Use of Digested Slurry
Chapter 14. Evaluation of Biomass Production and Utilization Systems
14.1 Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) on Bioenergy
14.2 Sustainability Indicators for Bioenergy
14.3 Management of Forest Land for Biomass Production
14.4 Management of Farming Land for Biomass Production
14.5 Monitoring System for Forest Management
14.6 Monitoring System for Farm Management
Chapter 15. Local Activity of Biomass Use in Japan
15.1 Overview of the Performance of Biomass Towns
15.2 Case Study of Kuzumaki Town, IWATE
15.3 Case Study of Higashiomi City, SHIGA
15.4 Toward the Creation of an Effective Biomass System: Lessons from Germany